CN107331152A - A kind of road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection - Google Patents

A kind of road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection Download PDF

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CN107331152A
CN107331152A CN201710568392.5A CN201710568392A CN107331152A CN 107331152 A CN107331152 A CN 107331152A CN 201710568392 A CN201710568392 A CN 201710568392A CN 107331152 A CN107331152 A CN 107331152A
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pedestrian
motor vehicle
road
accident
traffic
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CN107331152B (en
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羊钊
白雪莲
包丹文
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
    • G08G1/0145—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for active traffic flow control

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection；Gathered by field data, obtain different means of transportation and motor vehicle is given way the influence of rate；Modeling analysis difference motor vehicle flow and the motor vehicle mean delay under pedestrian's flow reciprocation and pedestrian's mean delay；Pass through security evaluation equation and the expectation accident number in the case of the accident modification factor different motor vehicle flows of prediction and pedestrian's flow；Each improvement facility net present value (NPV) is calculated using life cycle cost performance analysis method；By analyzing net present value (NPV) come the quality than selecting each improvement facility.The present invention proposes a kind of while considering the integrated evaluating method of operational efficiency and traffic safety, traffic safety of overcoming over improves the one-sidedness that facility only considers traffic safety impact effect, has Practical Project applying value in urban transportation facility improving countermeasure selecting party face.

Description

A kind of road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection
Technical field
It is especially a kind of while considering the secondary road parking toll of efficiency and safety the present invention relates to traffic safety technology field Intersection pedestrian crossing traffic facility multi-objects Optimal Selection.
Background technology
On crossing, when driver lacks the concern to pedestrian, increase pedestrian's observability can reduce the frequency of accident Secondary and its degree of danger.In secondary road parking toll intersection, pedestrian is improved frequently with following several pedestrian crossing traffic facilities Security performance (shown in Fig. 1 a- Fig. 1 d)：
1st, the observability of intersection pedestrian is improved with high-visibility identifier marking.
2nd, centre sets pedestrian island in the road.
3rd, crossing porch set pedestrian crossing signal lamp, including active (automatically-controlled continuous) signal lamp and Passive type (pedestrian's activation control) signal lamp.
Pedestrian's street crossing safety devices mainly for lifting crossing safety performance, thus, policymaker selection improvement mode When mainly consider improvement of the pedestrian traffic facility to traffic safety.However, there are some researches show pedestrian safety, which improves, to be set Shi Yihui produces material impact to intersection operational efficiency, and the influence depends primarily on give way behavior of the motor vehicle to pedestrian, allowed Row rate is higher, and motor vehicle mean delay is bigger, and pedestrian's mean delay is lower, and system mean delay depends on motor vehicle and pedestrian Traffic flow ratio.Thus, it is traditional that pedestrian crossing traffic facility is selected by comparing traffic safety improvement in very great Cheng There is one-sidedness on degree, thus, it is necessary to operational efficiency index and traffic safety index are combined, assesses change on the whole The implementation result of kind facility.
The content of the invention
Above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art are directed to, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of road parking toll intersection row People's crossing facilities multi-objects Optimal Selection, to solve to select pedestrian's mistake by comparing traffic safety improvement in the prior art The problem of one-sidedness of this method of street means of transportation.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection of the present invention, including step is such as Under：
1) field data is gathered：The content of collection includes：Pedestrian crossing traffic facilities information, road parameters information, traffic Flow information and motor vehicle give way rate；
2) operational efficiency evaluation：Change automobile traffic flow and pedestrian traffic flow, it is considered to different pedestrian crossing traffics Facility gives way the influence of rate, Modeling Calculation motor vehicle mean delay and pedestrian's mean delay to motor vehicle；
3) Evaluation of Traffic Safety：Influence of the different pedestrian crossing traffic facilities to accident modification factor is extracted, passes through secondary road Parking toll crossing safety Estimate equation and the accident modification factor different automobile traffic flows of calculating and pedestrian traffic flow Under expectation accident number；
4) cost effectiveness analysis：By step 2) the motor vehicle mean delay, pedestrian's mean delay and the step 3 that draw) draw Expectation accident number be converted into economic indicator, the net present value (NPV) and equivalence in project investment cycle are calculated by Cost-Benefit Method Average annual cost, so as to carry out the ratio choosing of pedestrian crossing traffic facility.
Preferably, described pedestrian crossing traffic facility is located on the main road of intersection.
Preferably, described step 1) in, pedestrian crossing traffic facilities information includes identifier marking type, whether there is pedestrian's peace Quan Dao, pedestrian's street crossing signal type；Road parameters information includes number of track-lines, lane width, central strip bandwidth, non-motor vehicle Road width；Traffic flow information includes unit hour motor vehicle flow, big dolly ratio, unit hour pedestrian's flow；Motor vehicle The ratio of the motor vehicle number that the Shuai Weici roads parking toll intersection parking that gives way gives way and all motor vehicle numbers for running into pedestrian's street crossing Value.
Preferably, described step 3) in, it is expected that accident number includes：Motor vehicle-motor vehicle expect accident number and motor vehicle- Pedestrian expects accident number.
Preferably, described step 4) in, the index that Cost-Benefit Method considers includes motor vehicle mean delay, pedestrian Mean delay, motor vehicle-motor vehicle expect that accident number, motor vehicle-pedestrian expect accident number, installation cost and safeguarded into every year This.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
It is motor-driven under the conditions of given way by motor vehicle-pedestrian different motor vehicles of behavioural analysis calculating and pedestrian's flow of the invention Car mean delay and pedestrian's mean delay, the safety improvement for calculating each facility by security evaluation equation and accident modification factor are imitated Really, each Improving Measurements net present value (NPV) and average annual income of equal value are calculated by life cycle cost-performance analysis method, so as to carry out pedestrian Crossing facilities combination property only considers traffic safety improvement than choosing instant invention overcomes conventional traffic safety improvement facility One-sidedness, external action and combined influence effect from each facility of angle overall merit of multiple target are carrying out intersection pedestrian Street crossing means of transportation selecting party face has Practical Project applying value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a high-visibility identifier marking schematic diagrames.
Fig. 1 b set pedestrian island schematic diagram.
The active pedestrian crossing signal lamp's schematic diagrames of Fig. 1 c.
Fig. 1 d passive type pedestrian crossing signal lamp's schematic diagrames.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Fig. 3 a are that pedestrian traffic amount is each equivalent average annual financial value schematic diagram of Improving Measurements of 1200 people/in the case of day.
Fig. 3 b are that pedestrian traffic amount is each equivalent average annual financial value schematic diagram of Improving Measurements of 2400 people/in the case of day.
Embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is made further with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing It is bright, the content that embodiment is referred to not limitation of the invention.
Shown in reference picture 2, a kind of road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multiple target of the invention is preferably square Method, emphasis considers interactive influence of each means of transportation on motor vehicle and pedestrian, carries out and considers operational efficiency and friendship simultaneously Lead to the overall merit of safety, comprise the following steps：
1) field data is gathered：The content of collection includes pedestrian crossing traffic facilities information, road parameters information, traffic flow Amount information and motor vehicle give way rate；Wherein, the motor vehicle rate of giving way is calculate motor vehicle mean delay and pedestrian's mean delay one Individual key index, under different crossing facilities uses, there is larger difference in give way behavior of the driver to pedestrian, the rate that gives way exists Between 4% to 73%, as shown in table 1 (each Improving Measurements motor vehicle give way rate)：
Table 1
Above-mentioned all improved facilities are all installed on time road parking toll intersection main road crossing, are considered The reciprocation of motor vehicle and pedestrian are the avoidance behavior and conflict between straight going on main road motor vehicle and the pedestrian for passing through main road；Should Avoidance behavior correspondence following step 2) in the rate that gives way, the conflict correspondence following step 3) in safety evaluation content.
Because Improving Measurements 1 (high-visibility mark and graticule) are improvement that is most universal and being easiest to implementation on crossing Measure, thus as the basic condition that different Improving Measurements are compared to each other.Assuming that pacifying on the pedestrian's street crossing lateral road of intersection Dress, which improves facility, does not influence the traffic behavior of whole intersection, therefore, compared to Improving Measurements 1, can calculate difference and change The time of driver saves value under kind facility.Similarly, for pedestrian, it can also calculate and be saved by the time of intersection Value.Compared with Improving Measurements 1, the safety benefit of each Improving Measurements can be calculated as the accident value of intersection reduction.
2) operational efficiency evaluation：Change automobile traffic flow and pedestrian traffic flow, it is considered to different pedestrian crossing traffics Facility gives way the influence of rate, Modeling Calculation motor vehicle mean delay and pedestrian's mean delay to motor vehicle.
In order to which the travel time for obtaining different Improving Measurements saves income, pedestrian and vehicles average delay can be calculated.Drive The person of sailing, which avoids behavior, to produce certain influence to driver and pedestrian's mean delay,《HCM》Propose Pedestrian's mean delay time under different driver's avoidance rates of secondary road parking toll intersection, however, on major trunk roads For vehicle,《HCM》Assuming that the vehicle has limit priority, all vehicles are both needed to give way to it, thus Will not occur any delay, and in practical situations both, the hypothesis is not set up.A kind of different driving of consideration are provided in this example Member gives way the average vehicle delay computational methods of rate.To reach goal in research, hypothesis below is made：
Assuming that vehicle is all random arrival, each lane flow is separate, and vehicle reaches situation and obeys Poisson distribution, car Travel situations obey quantum condition entropy.The traffic flow of adjacent lane can constitute a traffic flow entirety, therefore, vehicle traveling Accumulation distribution function can be expressed as below：
H (t)=1-e-μt (1)
Wherein, μ is vehicle arriving rate (/ second), and t represents the period (second), and probability density function is：
H (t)=μ e-μt (2)
For pedestrian stream, it is assumed that pedestrian reaches at random, pedestrian reaches situation and obeys Poisson distribution.Therefore, between pedestrian reaches Every probability density function can be expressed as：
F (t)=λ e-λt (3)
Wherein, λ is pedestrian's arrival rate (people/second), and t represents the period (second).
Based on these it is assumed that calculating average pedestrian delay time at stop related to each Improving Measurements using equation below, this when Between be expressed as give way pedestrian under probability of motor vehicle and it is expected that the delay time at stop does not give way with motor vehicle, pedestrian waits acceptable interval general Expectation delay time at stop sum required for pedestrians travel's crossing under rate；
Wherein,
Dped=be averaged pedestrian delays (second)；
I=intersections event (i=1~n)；
The average running time in each tracks of h=；
P(Yi)=in the case of the secondary track pedestrian's street crossing of road parking toll intersection two, driver is right in traffic events i The probability that pedestrian gives way；
PdThe probability that=pedestrian is delayed；
DgdThe equispaced delay of=non-zero delay pedestrian；
N=Int (Dgd/ h), the average traffic event number before acceptability risk is run into.
Average control delay of the driver on main carriageway is calculated using following equations.According to pedestrian's arrival time and driving The person's of sailing behavior estimation through vehicles that give way pass through the expectation delay of arterial highway, and formula is as follows：
β=λ+μ (9)
Dveh=Dveh1+Dveh2+Dveh3 (11)
Wherein,
M=motor vehicles give way rate；
λ=Pedestrian's arrival rate (people/second)；
μ=vehicle arriving rate (/ second)；
Dveh=vehicle average expectation is delayed (second)；
Dveh1=time headway is more than the vehicle expectation delay in the case of pedestrian's acceptability risk；
Dveh2=time headway be less than pedestrian's acceptability risk in the case of vehicle expect delay, and it is all before car Gap is respectively less than pedestrian's acceptability risk, and vehicle is not avoided, and pedestrian has to wait for；
Dveh3=time headway is less than the vehicle expectation delay in the case of pedestrian's acceptability risk, and now without pedestrian etc. Treat；
L=time headways be less than pedestrian's acceptability risk, and have pedestrian wait street crossing in the case of, it is general that motor vehicle gives way Rate；
ρ=loss time；
δ=pedestrian is subjected to critical gap；
Lcr=sidewalk width；
sp=be averaged pedestrian's speed of travel；
ts=pedestrian starts loss and empties the loss time (second).
After average pedestrian delays and vehicle delay time are calculated, the when segmentum intercalaris produced by different schemes can be obtained Save benefit value.According to《HCM》, on two-way parking toll intersection, all vehicles all should avoid pedestrian. Thus, it is supposed that the behavior of vehicle avoidance is not influenceed by pedestrian cross pattern on secondary road.Present invention relates solely to driver in major trunk roads Delay and delay of pedestrian crossing.Using Improving Measurements 1 (high-visibility mark and mark) as base case, other Improving Measurements Travel time, which saves income, can be calculated as the time value compared with base condition corresponding to the total delay of reduction, as follows：
ΔBTT,m,h=VOTveh·(Dveh,m,h-Dveh,1,h)+VOTped·(Dped,m,h-Dped,1,h) (12)
Wherein,
ΔBTT,m,h=compared with Improving Measurements 1, travel times of the Improving Measurements m in h hours saves income；
VOTvehThe time value of=driver；
Dveh,m,hThe total vehicle delays of=Improving Measurements m in h hours；
Dveh,1,hThe total vehicle delay of=Improving Measurements 1 in h hours；
VOTpedThe time value of=pedestrian；
Dped,m,hThe total pedestrian delays of=Improving Measurements m in h hours；
Dped,1,hThe total pedestrian delays of=Improving Measurements 1 in h hours；
ΔBTT,m,yearly=compared with Improving Measurements 1, the travel time annual Improving Measurements m saves income.
3) Evaluation of Traffic Safety：Influence of the different pedestrian crossing traffic facilities to accident modification factor is extracted, passes through secondary road Parking toll crossing safety Estimate equation and the accident modification factor different automobile traffic flows of calculating and pedestrian traffic flow Under expectation accident number, wherein, accident modification factor reaction be different intersection geometry designs and traffic control mode for Predict the cumulative effect of accident, such as lane configurations, lighting condition in intersection；
To estimate the safety benefit of different Improving Measurements, accident frequency is estimated, accident reduction quantity is calculated, then by its turn Turn to monetary value.
Security performance function predicts average accident frequency using regression model, and its input parameter is that major trunk roads and time road are put down Equal daily traffic volume,《Traffic safety handbook》Time road parking toll intersection is estimated there is provided a series of security performance functions Average accident frequency, including many car accidents, single vehicle accident and vehicle-pedestrian's accident.Then, adjusted using accident modification factor The estimate of the average accident frequency of whole prediction, secondary road parking toll crossing safety Estimate equation is as follows：
Nbi=Nspf×CMFi (14)
Nspf=Nbimv+Nbisv (15)
Nbimv(Nbisv)=exp (a+b × ln (AADTmaj)+c×ln(AADTmin)) (16)
Npedi=Nbi×fpedi (17)
Wherein,
NbiThe average accident frequency of=prediction intersection (not including vehicle-pedestrian and vehicle-bicycle collision)；
NspfThe overall average accident frequency of=prediction base condition (not including vehicle-pedestrian and vehicle-bicycle collision)；
NbimvThe average of multi vehicle accident under=prediction base condition；
NbisvThe average of single vehicle accident under=prediction base condition；
AADTmajThe average daily traffic volume (vehicle/day) (merging of two-way traffic stream) of=main roads；
AADTmin=compact road average daily traffic volume (vehicle/day) (merging of two-way traffic stream)；
A, b, c=regression coefficient, can be obtained from traffic safety handbook；
NpediThe average accident frequency of=prediction vehicle-pedestrian；
Improving Measurements FiThe accident modification factor of=intersection；
fpedi=pedestrian accident correction factor, is 0.022 for secondary road parking toll intersection.Calculated and obtained by the formula All pedestrian accidents be all considered as fatal and injured accident, not as property loss accident.
4) cost effectiveness analysis：By step 2) the motor vehicle mean delay, pedestrian's mean delay and the step 3 that draw) draw Expectation accident number be converted into economic indicator, the net present value (NPV) and equivalence in project investment cycle are calculated by Cost-Benefit Method Average annual cost, so as to carry out the ratio choosing of pedestrian crossing traffic facility.
Life cycle analysis method is a kind of analysis method for evaluating global long-term economic benefit, conventional life cycle analysis Method includes net present value method, average eguivalent annual earnings method and benefit/method of costs analysis etc..The life of each Improving Measurements in the present invention Cycle has differences, so the economic benefit and feasibility of different pedestrian cross patterns are assessed using average eguivalent annual earnings method, Average eguivalent annual earnings method is higher, then more economical and effective, and can be paid the utmost attention to according to the order of average eguivalent annual earnings method Different potential projects.Calculation procedure is as follows：
Step 1：Annual annual average daily traffic is predicted in the service life of selected Improving Measurements；
AADTyj=AADTy1×(1+r)j (18)
Wherein,
AADTyjThe annual average daily traffic of=jth year；
Growth rates of the r=per annual traffic；
Step 2：The year accident benefit value of different Improving Measurements is estimated using equation (14)-(17), using Improving Measurements 1 as Primary condition, the year safety benefit of other Improving Measurements can be calculated as reducing cost compared to the accident of primary condition.Pass through thing Therefore seriousness estimates that accident costs is worth, such as shown in table 2 economic loss of different order of severity accidents (value)：
Table 2
Severity of injuries Accident costs is worth (member)
It is dead 24053400
It is severely injured 1296000
Explicit damage 474000
Death/severe injury/explicit damage 949200
Slight wound 269400
Property loss 44400
Step 3：The travel time in year for estimating different Improving Measurements using equation (5)-(13) saves benefit；
Step 4：By different Improving Measurements year accident benefit and the travel time in year save benefit be converted into net present value (NPV), change The factor (P/A, i, j) is calculated as follows：
Wherein,
I=discount rates；
The life cycle (year) of j=Improving Measurements；
Step 5：Accident sand reduction benefit, travel time are saved benefit, actual cost and maintenance cost and added up；
ΔBNPV,m=Δ BNPV,TT,m+ΔBNPV,Safety,m-ΔBNPV,Imp,m (20)
Wherein,
ΔBNPV,m=compared with Improving Measurements 1, Improving Measurements m total revenue net present value (NPV)；
ΔBNPV,TT,m=compared with Improving Measurements 1, Improving Measurements m travel time saves the net present value (NPV) of income；
ΔBNPV,Safety,m=compared with Improving Measurements 1, the net present value (NPV) of Improving Measurements m accident sand reduction benefit；
ΔB NPV,Imp,mDifference between=Improving Measurements m and the actual cost net present value (NPV) of Improving Measurements 1.
Step 6：The net present value (NPV) of each Improving Measurements is converted into equivalent average annual return, then can be according to equivalent average annual time The order of report is ranked up to selected Improving Measurements；Formula is as follows：
Wherein,
ΔBEUAR,m=compared with Improving Measurements 1, Improving Measurements m equivalent average annual return income.
Illustrate a kind of road of the invention parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians below by a specific embodiment Multi-objects Optimal Selection.
According to above-mentioned Delay Model, it is considered to vehicle flow (μ) and the situation of pedestrian's arrival rate (λ) change, each improve is calculated Measure mean delay, it is assumed that condition is as follows：
A. for Improving Measurements 2, when provided with central security island, it is horizontal that pedestrian passes through people's row by the way of two benches street crossing Road.
B. assume that main road and branch road are two-way two track.
C. loss time (ρ) is 2 seconds.
D. two-way crossing length (Lcr) is 24 feet.
E. the pedestrian's leg speed (sp) that is averaged is 4 feet per seconds.
F. pedestrian's start-up time (ts) is estimated as 3 seconds.
According to analysis can draw, under certain vehicle and pedestrian's flow, motor vehicle give way rate increase when, vehicle is average Delay increase, and the mean delay of pedestrian is reduced.In view of the balance between pedestrian and vehicle delay, overall average delay estimation is public Formula is as follows：
Dt=(Dped·Vped+Dveh·O·Vveh)/(Vped+O·Vveh) (22)
Wherein,
Dt=be averaged total delay；
Dped=be averaged pedestrian delays；
Vped=pedestrian flow rate；
Dveh=average vehicle delay；
Vveh=motor vehicle flow rate；
O=average traffics occupation rate (1.15).
In the present invention, the time value of driver and pedestrian be estimated as 75 yuan/when, it is assumed that net present value (NPV) is changed into annual The discount rate of value is 4%, and the growth rate of annual traffic is 1.5%, and table 3 gives the construction cost and Nian Wei of every Improving Measurements Cost is protected, Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b sets forth pedestrian traffic amount for 1200 people/day, 2400 people/each Improving Measurements are total in the case of day The average annual financial value of relative equivalent of body income.
Table 3
When the main road magnitude of traffic flow is more than 7200/day, the average annual income of relative equivalent of Improving Measurements 2,3 and 4 is more than 0, I.e. comprehensive benefit is better than Improving Measurements 1.Due to the two benches pedestrian crossing characteristic of Improving Measurements 2, the average annual income of its relative equivalent Other Improving Measurements are above under all traffic conditions.In addition, increasing of the comprehensive benefit with the main road volume of traffic and pedestrian's flow Grow and increase.Influence of the main road volume of traffic compared to the secondary road volume of traffic to the average annual income of relative equivalent is more notable.With only considering The result of safety benefit is compared, and travel time value occupies larger proportion in equivalent average annual financial value.According to information above, certainly Plan person can make rational solution to Different Effects.
Concrete application approach of the present invention is a lot, and described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvement can also be made, this A little improve also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection, it is characterised in that including step such as Under：
1) field data is gathered：The content of collection includes：Pedestrian crossing traffic facilities information, road parameters information, the magnitude of traffic flow Information and motor vehicle give way rate；
2) operational efficiency evaluation：Change automobile traffic flow and pedestrian traffic flow, it is considered to different pedestrian crossing traffic facilities The influence for the rate that given way to motor vehicle, Modeling Calculation motor vehicle mean delay and pedestrian's mean delay；
3) Evaluation of Traffic Safety：Influence of the different pedestrian crossing traffic facilities to accident modification factor is extracted, is stopped by secondary road Control crossing safety Estimate equation and the accident modification factor different automobile traffic flows of calculating with pedestrian traffic flow Expect accident number；
4) cost effectiveness analysis：By step 2) the motor vehicle mean delay, pedestrian's mean delay and the step 3 that draw) phase for drawing Prestige accident number is converted into economic indicator, and net present value (NPV) in project investment cycle is calculated and of equal value average annual by Cost-Benefit Method Cost, so as to carry out the ratio choosing of pedestrian crossing traffic facility.
2. according to claim 1 road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection, its feature It is, described pedestrian crossing traffic facility is located on the main road of intersection.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection, it is special Levy and be, described step 1) in, pedestrian crossing traffic facilities information includes identifier marking type, whether there is pedestrian island, OK People crosses the street signal type；Road parameters information includes number of track-lines, lane width, central strip bandwidth, bicycle lane width； Traffic flow information includes unit hour motor vehicle flow, big dolly ratio, unit hour pedestrian's flow；The motor vehicle rate of giving way is The ratio of the motor vehicle number that secondary road parking toll intersection parking gives way and all motor vehicle numbers for running into pedestrian's street crossing.
4. according to claim 1 road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection, its feature It is, described step 3) in, it is expected that accident number includes：Motor vehicle-motor vehicle expects that accident number and motor vehicle-pedestrian expect thing Therefore number.
5. according to claim 1 road parking toll intersection cross-road passages for pedestrians multi-objects Optimal Selection, its feature Be, described step 4) in, Cost-Benefit Method consider index include motor vehicle mean delay, pedestrian's mean delay, Motor vehicle-motor vehicle expects that accident number, motor vehicle-pedestrian expect accident number, installation cost and average annual maintenance cost.
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CN109711704A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-05-03 河海大学 A kind of crossing security performance assessment method adapting to no-signal controlled segment situation
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