CN107316663A - A kind of device for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study - Google Patents
A kind of device for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study Download PDFInfo
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- CN107316663A CN107316663A CN201710603969.1A CN201710603969A CN107316663A CN 107316663 A CN107316663 A CN 107316663A CN 201710603969 A CN201710603969 A CN 201710603969A CN 107316663 A CN107316663 A CN 107316663A
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- air gap
- heat transfer
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- transfer
- sleeve
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/001—Mechanical simulators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/12—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from pressure vessel; from containment vessel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/16—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants comprising means for separating liquid and steam
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/28—Selection of specific coolants ; Additions to the reactor coolants, e.g. against moderator corrosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, including gap heat transfer device body, vacuum system, coolant water loop and electric-control system, described gap heat transfer device body includes heating element heater, heat transfer sleeve is externally provided with heating element heater, heat transfer sleeve is externally provided with water loop sleeve, water loop sleeve connection coolant water loop, described heat transfer sleeve has three layers, two layers of heat transfer air gap is formed between three layers of heat transfer sleeve, outer heat transfer air gap is used to control temperature, temperature is set to reach experimental condition, internal layer heat transfer air gap is pilot region.The present invention ensures that inner side experiment air gap reaches linear heat generation rate and temperature difference needed for experiment using the design of double-layer air gaps by outside air gap.The device used in the present invention can continue to use the agent structure of the air gap heat-transfer character experimental rig of traditional water cooling, its economy, security and the maintainable air gap heat-transfer character experimental rig being better than using liquid sodium cooling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the bench frame apparatus of radiation module design experiment in fast neutron reactor, and in particular to one kind carries out high
The device of wet gap heat-transfer character experimental study.
Background technology
The experiment of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character is to carry out in fast neutron reactor determining component intermediate gap during radiation module design
The work that size must be carried out.Radiation module working environment in fast neutron reactor is Liquid Sodium environment, due to liquid
Sodium test stand is more complicated, so it is determined that generally being carried out on water stand during gas gap actual size.
Traditional air gap heat-transfer character experimental rig is carried out using the size as radiation module on water cooling loop
Experiment, but be due to outside coolant water boiling point and center heating rod fusing point limit value so that conventional air gap heat transfer is special
Property experimental rig (air gap on the inside of about 400 DEG C of temperature) can only be tested under lower temperature conditions, (air gap under the high temperature conditions
About 640 DEG C of inner side temperature) air gap heat-transfer character experiment can not carry out.If continuing to test using traditional air gap heat-transfer character
Device is tested, then needs cooling fluid being changed to Liquid Sodium by water.
If using the air gap heat-transfer character experimental rig of liquid sodium cooling, needing auxiliary construction sodium loop so that examination
The economy tested declines.Simultaneously as cooling agent sodium is easy to occur vigorous reaction with water, air etc., so comparing at the trial
More to focus on security using water cooling experimental rig.In terms of usually maintenance, sodium experimental circuit needs to be carried out with inert gas
Isolation, and need special device to clean etc., be not as easy to maintenance as water cooling experimental rig.That is, using sodium platform
Frame is carried out will be than carrying out testing poor, while sodium test stand is maintainable in the experiment, economy, security using water stand
It is poor.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided one kind water test stand can be used to enter
The device of row high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study.
Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of device for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, including gap
Heat transfer unit (HTU) body, vacuum system, coolant water loop and electric-control system, described gap heat transfer device body include heating unit
Part, heat transfer sleeve is externally provided with heating element heater, and heat transfer sleeve is externally provided with water loop sleeve, and water loop sleeve connection coolant water is returned
Road, wherein, described heat transfer sleeve has and forms two layers of heat transfer air gap, outer heat transfer air gap between three layers, three layers of heat transfer sleeve
For controlling temperature, temperature is set to reach experimental condition, internal layer heat transfer air gap is pilot region.
Further, the device as described above for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, wherein, three layers of described biography
The internal layer of hot jacket cylinder is copper material, and intermediate layer and outer layer are stainless steel.
Further, the device as described above for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, wherein, three layers of described biography
The internal layer thickness of hot jacket cylinder is 8mm~15mm, and intermediate layer thickness is 4mm~10mm, and outer layer thickness is 5mm~7mm.
Further, the device as described above for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, wherein, described internal layer is passed
Hot air gap thickness is 0.02mm~0.5mm, and outer heat transfer air gap thickness is 0.5mm~3mm.
Further, the device as described above for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, wherein, described vacuum system
System includes vavuum pump and helium tank, and vacuum system is connected with two layers of heat transfer air gap, heat transfer air gap is vacuumized and filled respectively
Helium.
Further, the device as described above for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, wherein, conduct heat gas at two layers
Gap is interior and heater element surface sets some thermocouples to be used for the data acquisition module of temperature monitoring, thermocouple and electric-control system
It is connected.
Further, the device as described above for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, wherein, described gap is passed
Thermal body is fixed in fulcrum bearing by mounting flange, and is sealed by O-ring and fluid sealant.
Further, the device as described above for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, wherein, described heating unit
Part is cylindrical electrically heated rod.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：The present invention ensures that inner side is tried using the design of double-layer air gaps by outside air gap
Test air gap reach experiment needed for linear heat generation rate and temperature difference, this be using traditional water cooling air gap heat-transfer character experiment dress
Put what is be unable to reach.Compared with it can reach the air gap heat-transfer character experimental rig of liquid sodium cooling of effect same in theory,
The device used in the present invention can continue to use the agent structure of the air gap heat-transfer character experimental rig of traditional water cooling, in experiment
Increase temperature adjustment air gap, can be tested using similar water stand loop on the outside of air gap, its economy, security and can be safeguarded
Property better than using liquid sodium cooling air gap heat-transfer character experimental rig.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of specific embodiment of the invention intermediate gap heat transfer unit (HTU) body；
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of test section in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It is provided by the present invention carry out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study device include gap heat transfer device body,
The equipment such as experimental stand, vacuum system, coolant water loop and electric-control system.Wherein, vacuum system is used to fill gap heat transfer
Put progress and vacuumize and fill helium, be mainly made up of vacuum mechanical pump, He gas cylinders, pressure gauge etc., coolant water loop is used between taking away
The heat of gap heat transfer unit (HTU) body, stabilising arrangement temperature.Electric-control system is responsible for electrical control and monitoring temperature, and pre- provided with temperature
Alert function, alarms superhigh temperature, the safety of protection test personnel and device.
As shown in figure 1, gap heat transfer device body is by heating element heater 3, three layers of heat transfer sleeve 1, mounting flange 4, supporting
Seat 5 and the grade of water loop sleeve 2 are constituted, and water loop sleeve 2 is provided with water inlet 7 and delivery port 8, are returned for connecting coolant water
Road.Two layers of heat transfer air gap is formed between three layers of heat transfer sleeve, the wherein heat transfer sleeve of innermost layer is fine copper material, is for other two layers
Austenitic stainless steel, internal layer and intermediate sleeve can be changed, and the Experimental Study of Heat Transfer under different working conditions can be carried out by combination.
Respectively inside and outside copper inner sleeve cylinder, the symmetrical both sides fluting of intermediate sleeve, outer sleeve, 8 armoured thermocouples 6 of insertion are monitored
Air gap temperature, the measurement range of thermocouple is 0-800 DEG C, and thermocouple is connected with the data acquisition module of electric-control system.Gap
The overall dimensions of heat transfer unit (HTU) are 190 × 610mm of Φ, and device is sealing structure, mainly by the O-shaped of fulcrum bearing 5 and mounting flange 4
Rubber ring and fluid sealant are sealed.Heating element heater 3 is using the electrical heating elements rod of cylinder, and highest thermal power is 3.04kW,
Highest linear heat generation rate is 19kW/m, and hot face temperature is 800 DEG C.The flow velocity of bringing-up section cooling water is 0.4-0.6m/s, and entrance is cold
But coolant-temperature gage is about 20 DEG C.
The principle schematic of experimental rig as shown in Fig. 2 indicated in figure the temperature adjustment air gap of experimental rig, experiment air gap and
The layout scenarios of heating rod and the material deployment scenarios of air gap both sides, temperature adjustment air gap, the thickness for testing air gap, air gap both sides
Material and heating rod can be adjusted according to actual needs.In Fig. 2, most middle region is cylindrical heating element heater, by outer
Inwardly, it is followed successively by stainless steel, gas, stainless steel, gas, the copper of annular, the mark that the physical dimension and temperature of each layer are shown in figure,
Wherein, d0-d5The temperature at place is respectively t0-t5, the outermost layer stainless steel of experimental rig is provided with water cooling loop and takes away heat
Amount.Internal layer (the d of three layers of heat transfer sleeve0-d1) thickness be 8mm~15mm, intermediate layer (d2-d3) thickness be 4mm~10mm, outer layer
(d4-d5) thickness be 5mm~7mm.Internal layer heat transfer air gap (experiment air gap d1-d2) thickness be 0.02mm~0.5mm, outer heat transfer
Air gap (temperature adjustment air gap d3-d4) thickness be 0.5mm~3mm.
Because gas conduction is poor, there is heat conduction to produce the temperature difference in gas gap both sides.If artificial adds
The size of air body space, will produce the larger temperature difference, so as to form higher thermograde in gas gap both sides.In examination
In experiment device, outermost gas gap (d3-d4) be used to control temperature, temperature is reached experimental condition；Between the gas in intermediate layer
Gap (d1-d2) it is the region that experiment is concerned about, in order that there is identical bar in the gap during this region is designed with Experiment Fast Reactor irradiation capsule
Part, the internal layer that this layer of air gap is set during experiment is fine copper, and outer layer is stainless steel.
For double-deck gas gap, heat transfer mainly includes radiant heat transfer and heat conduction, and calculation formula is as follows：
In formula, εiIt is the surface emissivity coefficient of air gap inner surface material；εsIt is the surface emissivity system of air gap outer surface material
Number；AiIt is the swept area of air gap inner surface, m2；AsIt is the swept area of air gap outer surface, m2；TiIt is air gap internal surface temperature,
K；TsIt is air gap hull-skin temperature, K.
In formula, kHeIt is the thermal conductivity of helium, W/ (mK)；diIt is the internal diameter of air gap, m；dsIt is the external diameter of air gap, m；L is
Air gap axial length, m.
The total heat release for radiating container is sum of the two：
φTotal heat release=φRadiation+φHeat conduction (3)
Cooling thermodynamic metering on the outside of test section
Applicable elements：
1.5 ＜ Prf＜ 5002300 ＜ Ref＜ 106
In formula, PrfIt is with the Prandtl number of the temperature determination of fluid；PrwIt is with the Prandtl number of the temperature determination of wall；d
It is the external diameter of cooling test section, m；L is the height of cooling test section, m；RefIt is with the Reynolds number of the temperature determination of fluid；NufIt is
The nusselt number of cooling wall heat exchange on the outside of the test section determined with the temperature of fluid.
It is as follows using the test method of apparatus of the present invention：
1. before testing, gap heat transfer device assembling is carried out according to device design, selected gas gap is obtained；
2. according to experiment flow, first with mechanical pump to being vacuumized in air gap heat transfer unit (HTU) when experiment starts, pressure vacuum gauge
After showing that vacuum is qualified, using helium tank to filling helium in stainless steel cylinder, valve is closed after setting value when pressure reaches, now
Record manometric numerical value.
3. the inlet valve of water loop device is opened, is cooled back deionized water by vacuum tank injection using canned motor pump
Road, until full of whole loop.
4. by manually adjusting bypass valve so that deionized water reaches metered flow, to screen after loop is stable
Cover pump exhaust.
5. the heating power of lifting electrical heating element, thermal power should be stepped up stage by stage, after record is stable per the stage
Test data.Note observing device inner sleeve outside wall temperature, stop lifting heating power, hand at once if more than calculating after temperature
It is dynamic to adjust cooling water flow to reduce outside wall temperature.
6. dropped to after outside wall temperature below calculating temperature and after stabilization, then step up heating power and reach rated value,
Coolant flow is now adjusted again ensures that outside wall temperature reaches the test data after calculated value, record temperature stabilization.
7. in the case where ensuring heater element surface temperature and copper post temperature without departing from limit value, it is contemplated that attempt to carry out more
High experimental temperature.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations to the present invention belong to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of device for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study, including it is gap heat transfer device body, vacuum system, cold
But agent water loop and electric-control system, described gap heat transfer device body include heating element heater, and heat transfer is externally provided with heating element heater
Sleeve, heat transfer sleeve is externally provided with water loop sleeve, water loop sleeve connection coolant water loop, it is characterised in that：Described biography
Hot jacket cylinder has and forms two layers of heat transfer air gap between three layers, three layers of heat transfer sleeve, and outer heat transfer air gap is used to control temperature, makes temperature
Degree reaches experimental condition, and internal layer heat transfer air gap is pilot region.
2. the device of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study is carried out as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described three
The internal layer of layer heat transfer sleeve is copper material, and intermediate layer and outer layer are stainless steel.
3. the device of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study is carried out as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Three layers heat transfer sleeves internal layer thickness be 8mm~15mm, intermediate layer thickness be 4mm~10mm, outer layer thickness be 5mm~7mm.
4. the device of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study is carried out as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Internal layer heat transfer air gap thickness be 0.02mm~0.5mm, outer heat transfer air gap thickness be 0.5mm~3mm.
5. the device of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study is carried out as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Vacuum system include vavuum pump and helium tank, vacuum system respectively with two layers heat transfer air gap be connected, to conduct heat air gap take out
Vacuum and fill helium.
6. the device of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study is carried out as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Two
Layer heat transfer air gap is interior and heater element surface sets some thermocouples to be used for the data of temperature monitoring, thermocouple and electric-control system
Acquisition module is connected.
7. the device of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study is carried out as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Gap heat transfer device body be fixed on by mounting flange in fulcrum bearing, and sealed by O-ring and fluid sealant.
8. the device of high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study is carried out as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Heating element heater for cylinder electrically heated rod.
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| CN201710603969.1A CN107316663B (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | Device for carrying out high Wen Qixi heat transfer characteristic test research |
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| CN201710603969.1A CN107316663B (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | Device for carrying out high Wen Qixi heat transfer characteristic test research |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108051321A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-18 | 广东核电合营有限公司 | A kind of cladding tubes internal pressure explosion bulge test device and its test method |
| CN110600150A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-20 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Irradiation test device for metal type fast reactor fuel element |
| CN111796158A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-20 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Heating test device for thermoelectric converter |
| CN111982046A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-24 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for judging heat transfer state of wall structure |
| CN114050389A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-02-15 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | High-power ferrite load |
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| JPH0694890A (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1994-04-08 | Nippon Nuclear Fuel Dev Co Ltd | Irradiation test device |
| CN102915777A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-02-06 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid metal sodium boiling two-phase thermal-hydraulic test loop system and test method thereof |
| RU2533749C1 (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2014-11-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Государственный научный центр Научно-исследовательский институт атомных реакторов" | Device for testing materials in nuclear reactor |
| CN207097467U (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2018-03-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of device for carrying out high temperature air gap heat-transfer character experimental study |
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| JPH0694890A (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1994-04-08 | Nippon Nuclear Fuel Dev Co Ltd | Irradiation test device |
| CN102915777A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-02-06 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid metal sodium boiling two-phase thermal-hydraulic test loop system and test method thereof |
| RU2533749C1 (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2014-11-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Государственный научный центр Научно-исследовательский институт атомных реакторов" | Device for testing materials in nuclear reactor |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108051321A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-18 | 广东核电合营有限公司 | A kind of cladding tubes internal pressure explosion bulge test device and its test method |
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| CN110600150A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-20 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Irradiation test device for metal type fast reactor fuel element |
| CN110600150B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-12-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Irradiation test device for metal type fast reactor fuel element |
| CN111796158A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-20 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Heating test device for thermoelectric converter |
| CN111982046A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-24 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for judging heat transfer state of wall structure |
| CN114050389A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-02-15 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | High-power ferrite load |
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| CN107316663B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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