CN107306757A - A kind of arbor method for transplanting - Google Patents
A kind of arbor method for transplanting Download PDFInfo
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- CN107306757A CN107306757A CN201710585362.5A CN201710585362A CN107306757A CN 107306757 A CN107306757 A CN 107306757A CN 201710585362 A CN201710585362 A CN 201710585362A CN 107306757 A CN107306757 A CN 107306757A
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- arbor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of arbor method for transplanting, belong to the technical field of gardens cultivation, this method includes planting the arbor after transplanting in the process on the sandy soil site after improved, the sandy soil improvement uses composite colloid, and the raw material of the composite colloid includes clay, chlorite, humic acid material and sodium bicarbonate.The arbor method for transplanting of the present invention can make full use of the advantage of sandy soil, overcome its shortcoming, arbor is transplanted into sand, and with higher survival rate after transplanting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that arbor is transplanted.
Background technology
Sandy soil is typically difficult to directly apply in nursery stock cultivation, particularly as this trunk of arbor is tall and big, well developed root system
Type, sandy soil is even more to be difficult to maintain it stable, health to grow.But arbor is because its tree crown is dense, trunk is tall and straight, raw
The features such as power is strong is ordered, is the Key species in gardens, has the demand of transplanting in many places, wherein more sandy soil
Ground, which also particularlys hope to transplant by arbor, carries out environmental improvement and beautification, but arbor is transplanted to sandy soil in the prior art
Survival rate is extremely low.
Therefore portion of techniques take into account improves to sandy soil, is proposed in such as Chinese patent CN201010167195.0
A kind of aeolian sandy soil modifier, the modifying agent is by cow dung, maize straw, furfural dregs, sheep manure, CO (NH2)2、NH4H2PO4Mixing, hair
Ferment is formed, and certain improved effect can be played to sand soil, effectively increases water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of sand soil, but it is led
Concentrate on and nutritional ingredient added into soil, the loose quality to soil does not play a part of improvement, make soil even in
Add after nutriment, fertility still can quickly be lost in, it is difficult to maintain, while excessive nutritional ingredient supply, also easily to training
The nursery stock of plant has undesirable effect in itself, in addition, making it be difficult to transplant with reference to loose between seedling root and sandy soil.
In paper " the good experimental study of Qidong area hydraulic reclamation sea sand land reform "（《Construction technology》, in November, 2014）In, analogy
State pavilion etc. have studied the improvement to hydraulic reclamation sea sand soil by inorganic binder, find to use some inorganic materials, such as lime can have
Effect improves hydraulic reclamation sea sand soil classifiction, and the plasticity of reduction hydraulic reclamation sea sand soil improves its engineering property；But it is this using inorganic
The method of material improvement sandy soil is generally too strong to the consolidation force of grogs, it is difficult to apply in agricultural cultivation, will pass through inorganic binder
When sandy soil after improvement are used for nursery stock cultivation, it will usually cause nursery stock quick death.
The content of the invention
Arbor can be transplanted it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of to sandy soil and arbor that transplanting survival rate is high
Method for transplanting.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of arbor method for transplanting, for the arbor after transplanting is planted on the sandy soil site after improved, the sandy soil
Improvement uses composite colloid, and the raw material of the composite colloid includes clay, chlorite, humic acid material and sodium bicarbonate.
Humic acid material in the program refers to that the material of humic acid can be produced.
The humic acid that this programme is provided by humic acid material, clay, and green mud stone flour form Organic-inorganic composite glue
Body.Wherein humic acid is the main component of humus, and its type of attachment with chlorite, clay is various, such as passes through divalence, trivalent
Deng polyvalent cation, such as Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe3+、Al3+Deng, it is attached as key bridge, or by the surface functional group of humic acid,
Such as-COOH ,-OH, are connected with the Si-O on chlorite crystal layer aspect or clay in the way of hydrogen bond.
Sodium bicarbonate in this programme can be reacted with the juice produced in humic acid material decay process, on the one hand regulation hair
Yeast-like fungi breeds environment and proliferative speed, and on the other hand the carbon dioxide of reaction generation, can play foaming effect, by bubble
Overflow, hole is produced in composite colloid, further speed up the decomposition of humic acid material, optimize the gas permeability of composite colloid, and keep away
Exempt from because of the soil hardening that the bonding of humic acid, clay, green mud stone flour occurs.
Preferably：The raw material of the humic acid includes organic material, urea and leavening.
Organic material described in the preferred scheme refers to that the organic materials of humic acid, such as plant straw can be produced by reacting
Stalk, fallen leaves, fruit etc., because it is mainly carbon containing organic matter, fermentability is poor, it is therefore desirable to add urea to provide fully
Nitrogen, for fermentation when microorganism utilize.
Described leavening is that organic material can be promoted to carry out the culture of microorganism that fermentation produces humic acid, such as rotten stalk
Spirit.
It is also preferred that：The raw material of the composite colloid in parts by mass, including 25 ~ 40 parts of clay, chlorite 1 ~ 3
Part, 0.14 ~ 0.18 part of 7 ~ 9 parts of humic acid material and sodium bicarbonate.
It is also preferred that：The humic acid material, by mass percentage, by urea 0.6 ~ 0.9%, leavening 0.1 ~
0.3% and surplus stalk composition.
The preparation of the composite colloid preferably includes following steps：
（1）Organic material, urea, leavening are mixed, 20 ~ 30cm thickness is depressed into, water spray wetting, chlorite is mixed with sodium bicarbonate thereafter
Mixture after conjunction is sprayed thereon, as fermentation layer, stacks fermentation layer, high to 1 ~ 1.5m, into fermentation heap, stays logical on fermentation heap
Device of air, remainder is sealed；
（2）It is increased to fermentation heap internal temperature after 55 ~ 70 DEG C, continues to bank up 6 ~ 9 days, air-breather is removed thereafter, is turned over
Be again sealed off banking up after heap, turning, whne fermentation heap internal temperature be higher than 50 DEG C when, again turning, be again sealed off, during stack retting
Turning 2 ~ 3 times is carried out altogether, and 35 ~ 50d of total stack retting time obtains just grade compound colloid；
（3）First grade compound colloid is mixed with clay, heap processed, seal 1 ~ 2 week thereafter, that is, obtain the composite colloid.
Step in the preparation method（2）When heap temperature rise is to 55 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, the cause of disease of institute's band in raw material can be killed simultaneously
Bacterium, worm's ovum and grass-seed etc., the period of banking up of 6 ~ 9 days hereafter continued is the organic matter decomposition most rapid stage.
In the preparation method（1）~（2）Step, mainly forms organic-inorganic primary compound adhesive by humic acid and chlorite
Body, by a variety of connected modes, humic acid is connected by such as divalence, trivalent polyvalent cation as key bridge with chlorite mineral,
Or be connected by way of humic acid surface functional group and Si-O in the aspect of chlorite crystal layer are with hydrogen bond.
Step（3）Pass through step（1）~（2）The humic acid juice of generation, the porous grade compound colloid formed etc. are further
Act on clay and a grade compound colloid, the surface of clay colloidal particles includes Si-O, Al-O, Fe-O, Si-OH, Al-OH, Fe-
The groups such as OH, with the entrance of acid juice, can generating negative ions or protonation, produce charged group, SiO in such as clay2Glue
With acid juice hydrolysis occurs for body as follows:
—Si—OH +OH-→ —SiO-+H2O +H+ (1)
—Si—OH +H+→ —SiOH2 + +OH- (2)
These charged groups are connected with the group in a grade compound colloid by electrostatic interaction, form two grades of resurrection colloids.
One preferred embodiment of the preparation is：The step（1）Described in air-breather be inserted in the fermentation heap
0.6 ~ 1m eminences.
Another preferred embodiment of the preparation is：Fermentation heap extends in long band shape to be stacked, along bearing of trend every 1m
Insert an air-breather.
And further preferably growing with 20 ~ 30cm of setting depths, 10 ~ 30cm around shape fermentation heap wide gutter.
Sealing preferably uses the form of covering black thin film in above-mentioned preparation.
Another preferred embodiment of the preparation is：The air-breather is that lower half is provided with the hollow of passage
Pipe.
It is more preferably the hollow thick bamboo tube that lower half is provided with passage.
A kind of preferred embodiment of above-mentioned method for transplanting includes procedure below：
A. land soil is transplanted：
（1）It is 30 ~ 52 by the mass ratio of the composite colloid and arable layer sandy soil:50 ~ 65 prepare required composite colloid；
（2）The composite colloid is imposed on to the surface of topsoil sandy soil；
（3）To through step（2）Sandy soil afterwards are turned over, and are fully turned over mixed with arable layer sandy soil to the composite colloid, are sprayed thereafter
Applying liquid, soaks mixed topsoil, vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days in soil surface covering with plastic film thereafter, and mulch film is opened thereafter,
It is ready for transplanting；
B. transplanted plantlet prepares：
Arbor to be transplanted is excavated, the bulk soil of its root adhesion is removed after excavation；
C. transplant
The arbor got ready is transplanted on the sandy soil to improvement.
Further preferably：In the process B after bulk soil is removed, it is additionally included in arbor root and smears described multiple
The operation of rubber alloy body.
It is another to be preferably further：The step（3）Described in liquid be insecticide and/or microbicide solution.
During transplanting, the original sandy soil in nursery are acted on and biological with mixing composite colloid therein by soil physical chemistry
Effect further little by little cohesion, cementing and fusion, forms good soil texture so that soil stickiness appropriateness, it is ensured that arbor
Root system can effectively be modified soil and be fixed after transplanting, while the elastic appropriateness of soil layer, can keep suitable permeability needed for arbor,
Be conducive to the interspersed growth of Tree root system.
The present invention possesses following beneficial effect：
（1）The composite colloid used in the method for transplanting of the present invention can for a long time, constantly improve sandy soil structure, it is ensured that soil property viscosity
Appropriateness, the elastic appropriateness of soil layer；
（2）The composite colloid each component synergy used in the method for transplanting of the present invention, can be stablized, caking property is suitable
, the good colloid of aeration, and effectively upon mixing, or in the cultivated since long of arbor with sandy soil can keep good bonding
Effect；
（3）Sandy soil after being modified in the method for transplanting of the present invention can effectively, it is long-term, stably for arbor continued growth
There is provided nutrient, it is ensured that the health of arbor, fast-growth；
（4）The method for transplanting of the present invention can be effectively good using the permeability of sandy soil in itself, and the characteristics of water supply fertilizer is fast can be in Qiao
Wood is quick after transplanting to carry out nutrient supply, effectively improves the survival rate for transplanting arbor；
（5）Sandy soil after being improved in the present invention cannot be only used for the transplanting of arbor, simultaneously can be used for the normal cultivation of arbor；
（6）When sandy soil after being improved in the present invention is normally cultivated for arbor, further obtained arbor transplanting can will be cultivated
To other places.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by the following examples, but this should not be interpreted as into the scope of the present invention
It is only limitted to following example.In the case where not departing from above method thought of the present invention, according to ordinary skill knowledge and
Various replacements or change that customary means is made, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
First, the preparation of composite colloid：
（1）Entirety is formulated as：The original sandy soil of topsoil：Clay：Green mud stone flour：Humic acid material：Sodium bicarbonate=50: 40：1：9：
0.18, the spirit of rotten stalk, 0.8% urea, 99% organic material that wherein the raw material of humic acid material is 0.2%；
（2）The drying level land of high-land at one is selected, the organic material such as straw and fallen leaves is laid on ground, then be sprinkled into corruption
Stalk spirit and urea, appropriate compacting to thickness are 20 ~ 30cm；Moisture is sprayed to moistening；Thereafter green mud stone flour and sodium bicarbonate are sprinkled, such as
This layer upon layer is high to about 1.5m；Formed fermentation heap, fermentation heap be located at ground more than 2/3 height at uniformly insert it is hollow,
And the thick bamboo tube in 4 holes has been opened so that early stage is ventilated in lower half, around manages out the deep and wide gutters of 20cm, in the covering of fermentation heap heap face
Black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot；
（2）When heap temperature rise is to 55 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, pathogen, worm's ovum and grass-seed of institute's band etc. in raw material can be killed, heap is hereafter maintained
Put 1 week, be the organic matter decomposition most rapid stage during this, then take out ventilation thick bamboo tube, turning is fully mixed, the covering of heap face is black
Color film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot, is maintained 2 weeks in 40 DEG C or so of middle temperature, this stage primarily serves organic
Turning 2 times in the middle of thing humification and organic-inorganic composite effect, stack retting, total stack retting time about 40d obtains one-level compound adhesive
Body；
（3）Clay is sufficiently mixed with a grade compound colloid, heap processed, film is covered tight 2 weeks, obtains the composite colloid.
2nd, the improvement of sandy soil：
（1）Obtained composite colloid is sprinkled into table soil, with rotary cultivator and human assistance, arable layer is repeatedly fully turned over to mixed, thereafter
Spraying insecticide and bactericide, infiltrate topsoil soils, vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days of covering with plastic film, this stage composite colloid tentatively with sandy soil glue
Knot, fusion, while killing insect and harmful levels of pathogens in soil layer；
（2）Take off film and slightly dry table soil to the phase is preferably ploughed, show as soil block stress and be easy to fragmentary, do not adhere to tillage implement, turn over rake soil
It is in small, broken bits smooth to topsoil；Prepare to transplant.
3rd, the preparation of arbor seedling
（1）From the silver-colored China fir seed that health is full, soaked seed 12 hours, dried in the shade after having filtered with the mg/L of plant hormone heteroauxin 100
Sowing, is broadcasted sowing in culturing base point railway carriage or compartment, finishes and the thick sandy soils of about 1cm are covered after planting；
（2）Daily inspection nursery lot, carries out corresponding light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer regulation and covering soil conservation, in good time thinning, cultivates strong
Seedling.
4th, arbor is transplanted
Silver-colored China fir strong sprout or perennial nursery stock are excavated as object band soil from culturing base is transplanted, its root is removed after excavation
The bulk soil of adhesion；Excavated in clay court after improvement and transplant hole, object will be transplanted thereafter and is transplanted to transplanting hole, its
Original soil is filled out back afterwards, the daily managements such as moisture, nutrient are carried out.
The transplanting survival rate of silver-colored China fir strong sprout and its perennial nursery stock is all higher than 90% in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 2
First, the preparation of composite colloid：
（1）Entirety is formulated as：The original sandy soil of topsoil：Clay：Green mud stone flour：Humic acid material：Sodium bicarbonate=55:35：2：8：
0.14, the spirit of rotten stalk, 0.9% urea, 99% organic material that wherein the raw material of humic acid material is 0.1%；
（2）The drying level land of high-land at one is selected, the organic material such as straw and fallen leaves is laid on ground, then be sprinkled into corruption
Stalk spirit and urea, appropriate compacting to thickness are 20 ~ 30cm；Moisture is sprayed to moistening；Thereafter green mud stone flour and sodium bicarbonate are sprinkled, such as
This layer upon layer is high to about 1m；Formed fermentation heap, fermentation heap be located at ground more than 2/3 height at uniformly insert it is hollow and
The thick bamboo tube in 5 holes has been opened so that early stage is ventilated in lower half, around manages out the deep and wide gutters of 20cm, covers black in fermentation heap heap face
Color film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot；
（2）After heap temperature rise is to 55 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, maintenance is banked up 6 days, then takes out ventilation thick bamboo tube, turning is fully mixed, heap face is covered
Lid black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot, is maintained 1.5 weeks in 40 DEG C or so of middle temperature, turning 2 in the middle of stack retting
Secondary, total stack retting time about 45d obtains a grade compound colloid；
（3）Clay is sufficiently mixed with a grade compound colloid, heap processed, film is covered tight 1.5 weeks, obtains the composite colloid.
2nd, the improvement of sandy soil：
（1）Obtained composite colloid is sprinkled into table soil, with rotary cultivator and human assistance, arable layer is repeatedly fully turned over to mixed, thereafter
Spraying insecticide and bactericide, infiltrate topsoil soils, and covering with plastic film is vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days；
（2）Take off film and slightly dry table soil to the phase is preferably ploughed, turn over rake soil in small, broken bits smooth to topsoil；Prepare to transplant.
3rd, the preparation of arbor seedling：
（1）From the silver-colored China fir seed that health is full, soaked seed 12 hours, dried in the shade after having filtered with the mg/L of plant hormone heteroauxin 200
Sowing, is broadcasted sowing in culturing base point railway carriage or compartment, finishes and the thick sandy soils of about 2cm are covered after planting；
（2）Daily inspection nursery lot, carries out corresponding light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer regulation and covering soil conservation, in good time thinning, cultivates strong
Seedling.
4th, arbor is transplanted
Silver-colored China fir strong sprout or perennial nursery stock are excavated as object band soil from culturing base is transplanted, its root is removed after excavation
The bulk soil of adhesion；Excavated in clay court after improvement and transplant hole, object will be transplanted thereafter and is transplanted to transplanting hole, its
Original soil is filled out back afterwards, the daily managements such as moisture, nutrient are carried out.
The transplanting survival rate of silver-colored China fir strong sprout and its perennial nursery stock is all higher than 90% in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 3
First, the preparation of composite colloid：
（1）Entirety is formulated as：The original sandy soil of topsoil：Clay：Green mud stone flour：Humic acid material：Sodium bicarbonate=65:25： 3：7：
0.14, the spirit of rotten stalk, 0.6% urea, 99.1% organic material that wherein the raw material of humic acid material is 0.3%；
（2）The drying level land of high-land at one is selected, the organic material such as straw and fallen leaves is laid on ground, then be sprinkled into corruption
Stalk spirit and urea, appropriate compacting to thickness are 20 ~ 30cm；Moisture is sprayed to moistening；Thereafter green mud stone flour and sodium bicarbonate are sprinkled, such as
This layer upon layer is high to about 1m；Formed fermentation heap, fermentation heap be located at ground more than 2/3 height at uniformly insert it is hollow and
The thick bamboo tube in 6 holes has been opened so that early stage is ventilated in lower half, around manages out the deep and wide gutters of 30cm, covers black in fermentation heap heap face
Color film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot；
（2）After heap temperature rise is to 55 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, maintenance is banked up 9 days, then takes out ventilation thick bamboo tube, turning is fully mixed, heap face is covered
Lid black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot, is maintained 1 week in 40 DEG C or so of middle temperature, turning 3 in the middle of stack retting
Secondary, total stack retting time about 50d obtains a grade compound colloid；
（3）Clay is sufficiently mixed with a grade compound colloid, heap processed, film is covered tight 1 week, obtains the composite colloid.
2nd, the improvement of sandy soil：
（1）Obtained composite colloid is sprinkled into table soil, with rotary cultivator and human assistance, arable layer is repeatedly fully turned over to mixed, thereafter
Spraying insecticide and bactericide, infiltrate topsoil soils, and covering with plastic film is vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days；
（2）Take off film and slightly dry table soil to the phase is preferably ploughed, turn over rake soil in small, broken bits smooth to topsoil；Prepare to transplant.
3rd, the preparation of arbor seedling：
（1）From the silver-colored China fir seed that health is full, soaked seed 12 hours, dried in the shade after having filtered with the mg/L of plant hormone heteroauxin 150
Sowing, is broadcasted sowing in culturing base point railway carriage or compartment, finishes and the thick sandy soils of about 2cm are covered after planting；
（2）Daily inspection nursery lot, carries out corresponding light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer regulation and covering soil conservation, in good time thinning, cultivates strong
Seedling.
4th, arbor is transplanted
Silver-colored China fir strong sprout or perennial nursery stock are excavated as object band soil from culturing base is transplanted, its root is removed after excavation
The bulk soil of adhesion, in one layer of composite colloid of root system surface smear；Excavated in clay court after improvement and transplant hole,
Thereafter object will be transplanted to transplant to transplanting in hole, original soil is filled out back thereafter, the daily managements such as moisture, nutrient are carried out.
The transplanting survival rate of silver-colored China fir strong sprout and its perennial nursery stock is all higher than 92% in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 4
First, the preparation of composite colloid：
（1）Entirety is formulated as：The original sandy soil of topsoil：Clay：Green mud stone flour：Humic acid material：Sodium bicarbonate=50: 40：1：9：
0.18, the spirit of rotten stalk, 0.8% urea, 99% organic material that wherein the raw material of humic acid material is 0.2%；
（2）The drying level land of high-land at one is selected, the organic material such as straw and fallen leaves is laid on ground, then be sprinkled into corruption
Stalk spirit and urea, appropriate compacting to thickness are 20 ~ 30cm；Moisture is sprayed to moistening；Thereafter green mud stone flour and sodium bicarbonate are sprinkled, such as
This layer upon layer is high to about 1.5m；Formed fermentation heap, fermentation heap be located at ground more than 2/3 height at uniformly insert it is hollow,
And the thick bamboo tube in 4 holes has been opened so that early stage is ventilated in lower half, the gutter that 20cm is deep, 10cm is wide is around managed out, in fermentation heap heap face
Black thin film is covered, institute's seam is covered tightly into reality with soil on the spot；
（2）After heap temperature rise is to 55 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, maintenance is banked up 1 week, then takes out ventilation thick bamboo tube, turning is fully mixed, heap face is covered
Lid black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot, is maintained 2 weeks in 40 DEG C or so of middle temperature, turning 2 in the middle of stack retting
Secondary, total stack retting time about 40d obtains a grade compound colloid；
（3）Clay is sufficiently mixed with a grade compound colloid, heap processed, film is covered tight 2 weeks, obtains the composite colloid.
2nd, the improvement of sandy soil：
（1）Obtained composite colloid is sprinkled into table soil, with rotary cultivator and human assistance, arable layer is repeatedly fully turned over to mixed, thereafter
Spraying insecticide and bactericide, infiltrate topsoil soils, and covering with plastic film is vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days；
（2）Take off film and slightly dry table soil to the phase is preferably ploughed, turn over rake soil in small, broken bits smooth to topsoil；
（3）By black film mulching furrow face, reduce rainwater shower and rainwash is caused with soil loss.
3rd, the application of improved soil：
（1）Biennial healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm an American red-maple branch is chosen, the cuttings of the sections of long 10cm or so 3~4 is cut into, inserted
Fringe, which removes the blade of bottom and immersed in the root-growing agent indolebutyric acid solution 500mg/L configured, soaks cutting base portion 5 seconds, or uses
300 mg/L leaching cuttings base portion 12 hours, takes out thereafter cutting, and shading is rapidly inserted into nursery lot, and cuttage depth is the 1/2 of cutting；
（2）Daily inspection nursery lot, carries out corresponding light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer regulation, in good time thinning, nurturing staff.
Embodiment 5
First, the preparation of composite colloid：
（1）Entirety is formulated as：The original sandy soil of topsoil：Clay：Green mud stone flour：Humic acid material：Sodium bicarbonate=55:35：2：8：
0.16, the spirit of rotten stalk, 0.8% urea, 99% organic material that wherein the raw material of humic acid material is 0.2%；
（2）The drying level land of high-land at one is selected, the organic material such as straw and fallen leaves is laid on ground, then be sprinkled into corruption
Stalk spirit and urea, appropriate compacting to thickness are 20 ~ 30cm；Moisture is sprayed to moistening；Thereafter green mud stone flour and sodium bicarbonate are sprinkled, such as
This layer upon layer is high to about 1.5m；Formed fermentation heap, fermentation heap be located at ground more than 2/3 height at uniformly insert it is hollow,
And the thick bamboo tube in 5 holes has been opened so that early stage is ventilated in lower half, around manages out the deep and wide gutters of 20cm, in the covering of fermentation heap heap face
Black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot；
（2）After heap temperature rise is to 55 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, maintenance is banked up 1 week, then takes out ventilation thick bamboo tube, turning is fully mixed, heap face is covered
Lid black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot, is maintained 2 weeks in 40 DEG C or so of middle temperature, turning 2 in the middle of stack retting
Secondary, total stack retting time about 45d obtains a grade compound colloid；
（3）Clay is sufficiently mixed with a grade compound colloid, heap processed, film is covered tight 2 weeks, obtains the composite colloid.
2nd, the improvement of sandy soil：
（1）Obtained composite colloid is sprinkled into table soil, with rotary cultivator and human assistance, arable layer is repeatedly fully turned over to mixed, thereafter
Spraying insecticide and bactericide, infiltrate topsoil soils, and covering with plastic film is vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days；
（2）Take off film and slightly dry table soil to the phase is preferably ploughed, turn over rake soil in small, broken bits smooth to topsoil；
（3）By black film mulching furrow face, reduce rainwater shower and rainwash is caused with soil loss.
3rd, the application of improved soil：
（1）Biennial healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm an American red-maple branch is chosen, the cuttings of the sections of long 10cm or so 3 ~ 4, cuttings is cut into
Remove the blade of bottom and immerse in the root-growing agent indolebutyric acid solution 500mg/L configured and soak cutting base portion 5 seconds, or use 300
Mg/L leaching cuttings base portion 12 hours, takes out thereafter cutting, and shading is rapidly inserted into nursery lot, and cuttage depth is the 1/2 of cutting；
（2）Daily inspection nursery lot, carries out corresponding light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer regulation, in good time thinning, nurturing staff.
Embodiment 6
First, the preparation of composite colloid：
（1）Entirety is formulated as：The original sandy soil of topsoil：Clay：Green mud stone flour：Humic acid material：Sodium bicarbonate=65:25： 3：7：
0.14, the spirit of rotten stalk, 0.8% urea, 99% organic material that wherein the raw material of humic acid material is 0.2%；
（2）The drying level land of high-land at one is selected, the organic material such as straw and fallen leaves is laid on ground, then be sprinkled into corruption
Stalk spirit and urea, appropriate compacting to thickness are 20 ~ 30cm；Moisture is sprayed to moistening；Thereafter green mud stone flour and sodium bicarbonate are sprinkled, such as
This layer upon layer is high to about 1.5m；Formed fermentation heap, fermentation heap be located at ground more than 2/3 height at uniformly insert it is hollow,
And the thick bamboo tube in 6 holes has been opened so that early stage is ventilated in lower half, around manages out the deep and wide gutters of 20cm, in the covering of fermentation heap heap face
Black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot；
（2）After heap temperature rise is to 55 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, maintenance is banked up 1 week, then takes out ventilation thick bamboo tube, turning is fully mixed, heap face is covered
Lid black thin film, covers tightly reality with soil by institute's seam on the spot, is maintained 2 weeks in 40 DEG C or so of middle temperature, turning 3 in the middle of stack retting
Secondary, total stack retting time about 50d obtains a grade compound colloid；
（3）Clay is sufficiently mixed with a grade compound colloid, heap processed, film is covered tight 2 weeks, obtains the composite colloid.
2nd, the improvement of sandy soil：
（1）Obtained composite colloid is sprinkled into table soil, with rotary cultivator and human assistance, arable layer is repeatedly fully turned over to mixed, thereafter
Spraying insecticide and bactericide, infiltrate topsoil soils, and covering with plastic film is vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days；
（2）Take off film and slightly dry table soil to the phase is preferably ploughed, turn over rake soil in small, broken bits smooth to topsoil；
（3）By black film mulching furrow face, reduce rainwater shower and rainwash is caused with soil loss.
3rd, the application of improved soil：
（1）Biennial healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm an American red-maple branch is chosen, the cuttings of the sections of long 10cm or so 3 ~ 4, cuttings is cut into
Remove the blade of bottom and immerse in the root-growing agent indolebutyric acid solution 500mg/L configured and soak cutting base portion 5 seconds, or use 300
Mg/L leaching cuttings base portion 12 hours, takes out thereafter cutting, and shading is rapidly inserted into nursery lot, and cuttage depth is the 1/2 of cutting；
（2）Daily inspection nursery lot, carries out corresponding light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer regulation, in good time thinning, nurturing staff.
By above-described embodiment 4 ~ 6 in parent-soil to carry out Cutting test on the sandy soil of sand quality, each embodiment handles 100
Root cuttings, while setting the sedendary soil do not transformed to be control, 2 years observed results of experiment see the table below：
The American red-maple cuttage root-taking survival rate of table 1.
Table 1 is visible, and the cuttage rooting of example IV is survived well, and it is very intact that it excavates back root part Tu Tuo；Compare to be former husky
Soil, properties inequality；And the cuttings growth performance that embodiment five is formulated is preferably, final survival rate highest, its soil shape that sticks together is good
It is good, the requirement that transplanted seedling root system carries sedendary soil can be met, has ensured that arbor transplants the survival rate to elsewhere to greatest extent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of arbor method for transplanting, it is characterised in that：Arbor after transplanting is planted on the sandy soil site after improved,
The sandy soil improvement uses composite colloid, and the raw material of the composite colloid includes clay, chlorite, humic acid material and little Su
Beat.
2. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The arbor root transplanted after excavation is applied
Smear the composite colloid.
3. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The humic acid material by mass percentage,
By urea 0.6 ~ 0.9%, the organic material composition of leavening 0.1 ~ 0.3% and surplus, the organic material is preferably stalk.
4. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The raw material of the composite colloid presses quality
0.14 ~ 0.18 part of part meter, including 25 ~ 40 parts of clay, 1 ~ 3 part of chlorite, 7 ~ 9 parts of humic acid material and sodium bicarbonate.
5. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The preparation of the composite colloid includes following step
Suddenly：
（1）Organic material, urea, leavening are mixed, 20 ~ 30cm thickness is depressed into, water spray wetting, chlorite is mixed with sodium bicarbonate thereafter
Mixture after conjunction is sprayed thereon, as fermentation layer, stacks fermentation layer, high to 1 ~ 1.5m, into fermentation heap, stays logical on fermentation heap
Device of air, remainder is sealed；
（2）It is increased to fermentation heap internal temperature after 55 ~ 70 DEG C, continues to bank up 6 ~ 9 days, air-breather is removed thereafter, is turned over
Be again sealed off banking up after heap, turning, whne fermentation heap internal temperature be higher than 50 DEG C when, again turning, be again sealed off, during stack retting
Turning 2 ~ 3 times is carried out altogether, and 35 ~ 50d of total stack retting time obtains just grade compound colloid；
（3）First grade compound colloid is mixed with clay, heap processed, seal 1 ~ 2 week thereafter, that is, obtain the composite colloid.
6. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The step（1）Described in air-breather insert
Enter 0.6 ~ 1m of fermentation heap eminences.
7. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The air-breather is that lower half is provided with ventilation
The hollow pipe in hole.
8. the arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1 ~ 7, it is characterised in that：The method for transplanting includes procedure below：
A. land soil is transplanted：
（1）It is 30 ~ 52 by the mass ratio of the composite colloid and arable layer sandy soil:50 ~ 65 prepare required composite colloid；
（2）The composite colloid is imposed on to the surface of topsoil sandy soil；
（3）To through step（2）Sandy soil afterwards are turned over, and are fully turned over mixed with arable layer sandy soil to the composite colloid, are sprayed thereafter
Applying liquid, soaks mixed topsoil, vexed smoked 7 ~ 10 days in soil surface covering with plastic film thereafter, and mulch film is opened thereafter,
It is ready for transplanting；
B. transplanted plantlet prepares：
Arbor to be transplanted is excavated, the bulk soil of its root adhesion is removed after excavation；
C. transplant
The arbor got ready is transplanted on the sandy soil to improvement.
9. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In the process B after bulk soil is removed,
It is additionally included in the operation that the composite colloid is smeared in arbor root.
10. arbor method for transplanting according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The step（3）Described in liquid be desinsection
Agent and/or microbicide solution.
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| CN108029272A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-15 | 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 | A kind of gardens sandy soil seedbed topsoil matches somebody with somebody native remodeling method |
| CN108184595A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-06-22 | 濮阳市农业科学院 | A kind of cultural method of high oleic acid peanut |
| CN109315261A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-12 | 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 | A kind of solid native transplantation method of the bilayer of coarse sand soil trees |
| CN110268831A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-24 | 华艺生态园林股份有限公司 | Clayed soil ameliorative way based on complete crown transplanting |
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| CN107306757B (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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