CN107306563A - A kind of method of antibiotic and resistant gene in utilization charcoal reduction soil and vegetables - Google Patents
A kind of method of antibiotic and resistant gene in utilization charcoal reduction soil and vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN107306563A CN107306563A CN201710414408.7A CN201710414408A CN107306563A CN 107306563 A CN107306563 A CN 107306563A CN 201710414408 A CN201710414408 A CN 201710414408A CN 107306563 A CN107306563 A CN 107306563A
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- soil
- charcoal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method that the present invention discloses antibiotic and resistant gene in utilization charcoal reduction soil and vegetables.Charcoal is made by 500 DEG C of high-temperature low-oxygen cracking in fruit tree first, then the organic fertilizer and 2% self-control fruit tree charcoal of soil quality 10% are applied as additive application Vegetable Soil, fully mix, sow vegetable seeds, it is the 70% of maximum water-holding capacity to keep soil moisture content, the laggard seedling in the ranks of germination, after harvest after vegetable ripeness.As a result show that charcoal improvement makes terramycin in Chinese leaf, root and soil reduce by 39.0%, 30.1% and 10.7% respectively, the relative abundance of total antibiotics resistance gene reduces by 51.8%, 43.4% and 44.1% respectively.The use of charcoal reduces the content of the antibiotic and antibiotics resistance gene in soil and vegetables in the present invention, while having, charcoal preparation method and application process are simple, and effect significantly, also contributes to the advantage of soil quality and quality of vegetable.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be reduced using charcoal in soil and vegetables the invention belongs to agricultural land soil recovery technique field
The method of antibiotic and resistant gene.
Background technology
Due to antibiotic can not only disease preventing and treating, and can improve food utilization efficiency, promote growth of animals or poultry, because
This, veterinary antibiotic is widely used as feed addictive in intensive livestock and poultry farms.2010, China was the whole world
Antibiotic consumes most big country, accounts for the 23% of world's antibiotic usage amount.But antibiotic can not be metabolized drop completely in animal body
Solution, absorption, 30%~90% antibiotic are excreted with excrement in the form of parent, cause to remain high concentration in feces of livestock and poultry
Antibiotic.And these antibiotic are the effective selectors of drug-fast bacteria, its abuse can cause the increasing of antibiotics resistance gene
Plus.Due to undressed animal manures application, rainwash, sewage irrigation, antibiotic and resistant gene can be rich in soil
Collection, promotes soil to turn into the important repository of antibiotic and resistant gene.These resistant genes pollute as a kind of novel environmental
Thing, can not only the vertical transmission between bacterial strain, (such as plasmid, transposons, integration on some removable Genetic elements can also be incorporated into
Son etc.), shifted by Horizontal transfer between microorganism, once in the pathogenic bacteria by food chain transport to the mankind, will
Antibiotic therapy can be caused to fail, the mankind are available without medicine.Therefore, in soil and crop antibiotic and resistant gene effective removal
It is to ensure the important subject of food security and human health in future.
Using adsorption by soil agent be reduce soil in antibiosis have effect property a kind of major way, with this prevent antibiotic to
Plant interior accumulation and transfer, so as to reduce influence of the antibiotic to plant and the mankind.Research shows traditional adsorbent for example
Zeolite, kaolinite etc. are weak compared with charcoal to the adsorption capacity of organic matter.Charcoal can pass through its aromatic rings with antibiotic institute band
The pi-pi bond of composition adsorbs antibiotic, the validity of antibiotic in reduction soil, and the huge specific surface area of charcoal and micro-
Pore structure provides bigger space and nutriment for edaphon, is easy to its growth and breeding, so as to promote the micro- of antibiotic
It is biodegradable.Generally, high-temperature biological charcoal becomes apparent from than low-temperature biological charcoal to the adsorption effect of organic matter, so, selection
Suitable charcoal cracking temperature is particularly important.Do not have in existing research to the adding proportion of charcoal rehabilitating soil organic matter
There is unified understanding.According to the difference of soil property, crop species and charcoal property, the adding proportion of charcoal is generally
1%th, 2% or 5%, if charcoal addition it is excessive or it is very few can all damage soil quality, reduction agricultural output and quality, this
Lot of experiment validation is accomplished by, selects optimal charcoal adding proportion to be used as soil improvement material.In addition, though charcoal
Addition to having numerous studies in terms of the absorption of soil quality and organic matter, but to the shadow of resistant gene in soil and plant
Sound is not yet reported.Therefore, a kind of soil conditioner of high efficiency, low cost is found to reduce antibiotic and resistance in soil and vegetables
Gene is with realistic meaning.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, soil is reduced using charcoal it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
And in vegetables antibiotic and resistant gene method, the charcoal stronger by preparing adsorption effect, and being applied by antibiosis
In element and resistant gene contaminated soil, soil remediation is realized, to protect food security and human health.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The method of antibiotic and resistant gene, comprises the following steps in a kind of utilization charcoal reduction soil and vegetables：
(1) biological carbon feedstock and pretreatment；
(2) charing cracking；
(3) generation of charcoal；
(4) organic fertilizer is originated：The feces of livestock and poultry dried and crop material are mixed, C is adjusted:N ratios are 25:1, it is aqueous
Measure as 55%~60%, the organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed is made in 50 days or so in aerobic compost；
(5) farmland is fostered and apply fertilizer：Gained organic fertilizer and charcoal are manured into soil as additive, fully mixed；
(6) vegetable cultivation process：Planting vegetable after two weeks is balanced, germination laggard seedling in the ranks keeps soil during culture
Earth water content is the 70% of maximum water-holding capacity, after harvest after vegetable ripeness.
In the step (1), the discarded branch that biological carbon feedstock is selected after pruning fruit trees is crushed to 1cm after preliminary drying
In left and right, the step (2), fruit tree is put into retort, high temperature charing 3h carries out pyrolytic gasification reaction, described
In step (3), black residue is taken out after solid is cooled to room temperature, milled 1mm sieves obtain charcoal.
In the step (2), retort sets pyrolysis final temperature as 500 DEG C.
The organic fertilizer application ratio be soil quality 10%, with ensure for plant growth provide enough nutrition into
Point, charcoal applicating ratio is the 2% of soil quality.
The soil that the present invention is repaired causes antibiotic and the higher soil of resistant gene content for chronic administration livestock and poultry muck
Earth.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) preparation method of charcoal is simple in the present invention, and abundant raw material, time and financial cost are smaller.Use fruit tree branch
The specific surface area that bar is raw material and pyrolysis temperature is the general straw biological charcoal of charcoal ratio produced under the conditions of 500 DEG C is larger, micro-
Pore structure is more, is comparatively ideal soil improvement material.
(2) fertilization mode of the invention is simple to operate, it is adaptable to which small potted plant plantation can also be applied to farmland soil modifying.
(3) improvement of the charcoal to soil can increase the photodissociation, hydrolysis and microbial degradation of antibiotic, while reducing antibiosis
The selection pressure of element, changes soil resistant microorganism group composition and Horizontal transfer.As a result Chinese leaf, root and soil are made
Middle terramycin reduction by 39.0%, 30.1% and 10.7%, the relative abundance of total antibiotics resistance gene reduces 51.8%,
43.4% and 44.1%.
(4) the soil application of charcoal not only reduces the content of antibiotic and resistant gene in soil, while also improving
Soil quality, promotes plant growth, improves crop quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is charcoal structural scan electron microscope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 harvests the terramycin content of soil, Chinese leaf and root after romaine lettuce for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the relative abundance of antibiotics resistance gene in soil of the present invention and fresh romaine lettuce tissue.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The method of antibiotic and resistant gene in a kind of utilization charcoal reduction soil of the present invention and vegetables, including following step
Suddenly：
(1) preparation of charcoal：Biological carbon feedstock discards branch from apple tree, and 1cm or so is crushed to after 65 DEG C of drying,
Fruit tree is put into retort, 500 DEG C of high temperature charing 3h carry out pyrolytic gasification reaction, after solid is cooled to room temperature
Black residue is taken out, milled 1mm sieves obtain charcoal.
(2) preparation of organic fertilizer：The cow dung dried and wheat stalk are mixed, C is adjusted:N ratios about 25:1, it is aqueous
Measure as 55%~60%, it is 31cm × 28cm × 52cm, wall thickness 5cm plastic foam that volume is loaded after windrow is fully mixed
Box, composting 50 days, timing carries out turning to ensure the oxygen of abundance.It is finally made ripe organic fertilizer.
(3) potted plant growth romaine lettuce：It is potted plant to be carried out in 18 centimetres of internal diameter, the plastic tub of 15 centimetres of depth.Soil is from length
Phase, which applies excrement, causes the higher plastic shed soil of antibiotic content.It is potted plant to be divided into 2 groups, respectively CK (plus 10% organic fertilizer):
2.25kg soil+0.25kg compost；BC (plus 10% organic fertilizer and 2% charcoal)：2.20kg soil+0.25kg organic fertilizers+0.05kg
Charcoal.Every basin soil is fully mixed with additive.Balance and romaine lettuce seed is planted after two weeks, the laggard seedling in the ranks of germination,
Keep soil moisture content to be the 70% of maximum water-holding capacity during culture, note weeding deinsectization.After 60 days romaine lettuce maturation harvests, determine
The abundance of terramycin and antibiotics resistance gene in soil and romaine lettuce root, leaf.
Apple tree branch charcoal has more micropore knot it can be seen from the scanning electron microscope sem image (Fig. 1) of charcoal
Structure, increases its specific surface area, and bigger space and adsorption site are provided for other materials such as terramycin.Fig. 2 shows to soil
Terramycin reduction by 39.0%, 30.1% in Chinese leaf, root and soil of the charcoal of middle application 2% than not applying charcoal processing
With 10.7%.BC in Fig. 3 is compared with CK, and the relative abundance of total antibiotics resistance gene reduces 51.8%, 43.4% He
44.1%.TetC, tetG and tetW reduce amplitude maximum in soil.This method can reduce antibiotic, antibiosis in soil and plant
The accumulation and transfer of plain resistant gene, are effective reduction antibiotic and the food-safe danger caused with human health of resistant gene
Evil provides a kind of simple, conveniently, inexpensive technological guidance.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of antibiotic and resistant gene in utilization charcoal reduction soil and vegetables, it is characterised in that including such as
Lower step：
(1) biological carbon feedstock and pretreatment；
(2) charing cracking；
(3) generation of charcoal；
(4) organic fertilizer is originated：The feces of livestock and poultry dried and crop material are mixed, C is adjusted:N ratios are 25:1, water content is
55%~60%, the organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed is made in 50 days or so in aerobic compost；
(5) farmland is fostered and apply fertilizer：Gained organic fertilizer and charcoal are manured into soil as additive, fully mixed；
(6) vegetable cultivation process：Planting vegetable after two weeks is balanced, germination laggard seedling in the ranks keeps soil to contain during culture
Water is the 70% of maximum water-holding capacity, after harvest after vegetable ripeness.
2. reducing the method for antibiotic and resistant gene in soil and vegetables using charcoal according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, in the step (1), the discarded branch that biological carbon feedstock is selected after pruning fruit trees is crushed to 1cm left after preliminary drying
In the right side, the step (2), fruit tree is put into retort, high temperature charing 3h carries out pyrolytic gasification reaction, the step
Suddenly in (3), black residue is taken out after solid is cooled to room temperature, milled 1mm sieves obtain charcoal.
3. reducing the method for antibiotic and resistant gene in soil and vegetables using charcoal according to claim 2, it is special
Levy and be, in the step (2), retort sets pyrolysis final temperature as 500 DEG C.
4. reducing the method for antibiotic and resistant gene in soil and vegetables using charcoal according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the organic fertilizer application ratio is the 10% of soil quality, to ensure to provide enough nutritional ingredients for plant growth,
Charcoal applicating ratio is the 2% of soil quality.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108040565A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-05-18 | 浙江大学 | The method of Crop Improvement Flora of Rhizosphere Fungi structure of community |
| CN108484239A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-04 | 湖南省农业环境生态研究所 | A kind of method of resistance gene contamination in quick reduction fowl and animal excrement |
| CN108812096A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-16 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Method, plant cover cultivation methods and the application that resistance pollutant is enriched with to plant vivo migration in biomass carbon resistance control soil |
| CN109089809A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-28 | 西南大学 | A method of bamboo beans are planted using charcoal |
| CN109400375A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-01 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of rubbish from cooking charcoal for reducing resistant gene and being transmitted in vegetables |
| CN109511480A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-26 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of water-fertilizer conditioning method transmitted for reducing resistant gene in vegetables |
| CN110357681A (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2019-10-22 | 山西大学 | The compost and preparation method thereof of tetracycline antibiotics in a kind of reduction agricultural land soil |
| CN110554109A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-10 | 同济大学 | Safety evaluation method for antibiotic fungi residues |
| CN110897092A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-24 | 西华大学 | Method for blocking horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance gene in fermented food and application thereof |
| CN111661893A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-15 | 江南大学 | Method for eliminating antibiotic resistance genes in water by using nano biochar |
| CN112997777A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-22 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance genes from entering plant leaves by using carbon-based material and effect evaluation method thereof |
| CN113307669A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-27 | 东北师范大学 | Method for improving degradation rate of antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure |
| CN114350369A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 四川农业大学 | Method for removing antibiotic resistance gene in soil improved by excrement |
| CN114951254A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-30 | 福建工程学院 | Method for preventing and controlling co-migration of micro-plastic-drug-resistant gene in soil |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108040565A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-05-18 | 浙江大学 | The method of Crop Improvement Flora of Rhizosphere Fungi structure of community |
| CN108484239A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-04 | 湖南省农业环境生态研究所 | A kind of method of resistance gene contamination in quick reduction fowl and animal excrement |
| CN109089809A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-28 | 西南大学 | A method of bamboo beans are planted using charcoal |
| CN108812096A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-16 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Method, plant cover cultivation methods and the application that resistance pollutant is enriched with to plant vivo migration in biomass carbon resistance control soil |
| CN109400375A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-01 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of rubbish from cooking charcoal for reducing resistant gene and being transmitted in vegetables |
| CN109511480A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-26 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of water-fertilizer conditioning method transmitted for reducing resistant gene in vegetables |
| CN110357681A (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2019-10-22 | 山西大学 | The compost and preparation method thereof of tetracycline antibiotics in a kind of reduction agricultural land soil |
| CN110554109A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-10 | 同济大学 | Safety evaluation method for antibiotic fungi residues |
| CN110897092A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-24 | 西华大学 | Method for blocking horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance gene in fermented food and application thereof |
| CN111661893A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-15 | 江南大学 | Method for eliminating antibiotic resistance genes in water by using nano biochar |
| CN112997777A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-22 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance genes from entering plant leaves by using carbon-based material and effect evaluation method thereof |
| CN113307669A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-27 | 东北师范大学 | Method for improving degradation rate of antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure |
| CN114350369A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 四川农业大学 | Method for removing antibiotic resistance gene in soil improved by excrement |
| CN114951254A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-30 | 福建工程学院 | Method for preventing and controlling co-migration of micro-plastic-drug-resistant gene in soil |
| CN114951254B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-14 | 福建工程学院 | Method for preventing and controlling microplastic-drug-resistant gene co-migration in soil |
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Application publication date: 20171103 |