CN107300540B - Research system for liquid photobreakdown and cavitation effect - Google Patents
Research system for liquid photobreakdown and cavitation effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A research system of liquid photolytic breakdown and cavitation effect, pumping source module and detecting source module emission laser beam through A dichroic mirror, A dichroic mirror main optical axis direction set in turn 50% spectroscope, 40 times objective, sample pool, 20 times objective, dichroic mirror, focusing lens and photoelectric detector; a laser energy power meter is arranged in the vertical direction of the 50% spectroscope; the three walls of the sample cell are tightly attached with objective lenses, wherein the 10-time objective lens is connected with a high-speed camera, and the other wall of the sample cell is provided with a vertical LED light source; the device can realize nanosecond laser-induced liquid photoinduced breakdown, monitors cavitation bubble image information formed in the breakdown process in real time through a high-speed camera, an EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge coupled device) camera and photoelectric detection equipment, and records laser energy information at the same time; provides direct theoretical guidance and practical support for selecting laser dose, action mode and estimating action effect in laser therapy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical system, in particular to a research system for liquid photobreakdown and cavitation effects.
Background
Laser technology has been applied in the biomedical field since the mid-60 s, and by applying lasers of different energy and pulse width to biological tissue, a variety of light-tissue interaction phenomena have been observed. Among them, the phenomenon of photo-breakdown in biological tissue occurs under the action of laser with high power density and short pulse width, which is the focus and hot spot of recent research in the field of laser cavitation.
The physical process of the photoinduced breakdown is as follows: the strong laser ionizes water near a focus to form plasma, the plasma absorbs subsequent laser to expand outwards, surrounding liquid media are compressed to form shock waves, the shock waves are transmitted to a far field to be attenuated into common sound waves, then the shock waves are separated from the plasma, the plasma induces the formation of vacuoles, the radius of the vacuoles is an initial radius at the moment, the vacuoles undergo a series of expansion-contraction-expansion pulsation processes under the action of internal and external pressure difference, and the sound waves are radiated when the vacuoles contract to a minimum radius, namely, are closed. The shock wave generated during the oscillation of the cavitation bubbles and the jet flow generated during the rupture of the bubbles have mechanical effect, can be used in various treatment fields of biological tissue stripping, excision, perforation, stone breaking and the like, and have good application prospect.
In the field of laser medicine, the mechanical effects of laser cavitation are used in various medical procedures, such as light stripping, light ablation, and light lithotripsy. At present, the most important application of the photoinduced cavitation effect in the surgical operation is laser-mediated capsulotomy, and the laser cavitation effect can be used for minimizing the invasion of surgical equipment into a human body, so that the technology becomes a very useful tool in the non-invasive operation and is also applied to the laser-induced lithotripsy of urinary system calculus.
It should be noted that in some cases these mechanical effects also have negative effects, such as cavitation effects that may damage surrounding sensitive tissues during ablation of intraocular tissue or cavitation bubbles that may cause vessel wall expansion during pulsed laser angioplasty. In summary, the light induced breakdown effect in the liquid provides a precise, controllable, simple and convenient means for damaging the target, and has wide applicability. At the same time, however, the negative effects that cavitation may have must be taken into account. Only by reasonably utilizing the laser cavitation effect and avoiding adverse effects, the technology can really play a role and benefit mankind.
In order to reasonably and efficiently utilize the photoinduced breakdown effect and exert the application value of the technology as much as possible, the essence of the problem lies in mastering the physical principle and the action mechanism of the action of the laser and the liquid medium, so that the photoinduced breakdown effect of the liquid can be understood fundamentally, the accurate regulation and control can be realized in the application, and the benefit and the harm are avoided. However, due to the particularity of the liquid properties and the complex phenomenon generated after the liquid breakdown, the research on the physical mechanism of the liquid light induced breakdown phenomenon is not mature at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a research system for liquid photoinduced breakdown and cavitation effect, the system adopts a pumping-detection technology, can realize nanosecond laser-induced liquid photoinduced breakdown, monitors cavitation bubble image information formed in the breakdown process in real time through a high-speed camera, an EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge coupled device) camera and a photoelectric detection device, and records laser energy information. The invention can be used for systematic research of liquid photoinduced breakdown, provides direct theoretical guidance and practical support for selecting laser dose, action mode and estimation effect in laser medical treatment, and has significant practical application value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a research system of liquid photoinduced breakdown and cavitation effect comprises a pump source module which is composed of a 532nm pulse laser 12 and an A laser beam expander 11 and used for emitting nanosecond pulse laser, and further comprises a detection source module which is composed of a 660nm continuous laser 1 and a B laser beam expander 2 and used for emitting detection laser, wherein the pump source module and the detection source module emit the laser which is combined through an A dichroic mirror 3, and a 50% dichroic mirror 13, a 40-time objective lens 14, a sample pool 5, a 20-time objective lens 16, a dichroic mirror 8, a focusing lens 9 and a photoelectric detector 10 are sequentially arranged in the direction of a main optical axis of the A dichroic mirror 3; a laser energy power meter 4 is arranged in the vertical direction of the 50% spectroscope 13; three walls of the sample cell 5 are respectively clung with a 40-time objective lens 14, a 10-time objective lens 7 and a 20-time objective lens 16, the 10-time objective lens 7 is connected with the high-speed camera 6, and the other wall of the sample cell 5 is provided with a vertical LED light source 15; the LED light source 15, the 10-time objective lens 7 and the high-speed camera 6 are in the same direction and are vertical to the direction of a main optical axis; a baffle 17 for blocking 532nm laser is arranged in the vertical direction of the dichroic mirror B8, and the photoelectric detector 10 is connected with the oscilloscope 18 through a data line.
The 660nm continuous laser 1, the laser collimation and beam expansion module 2, the dichroic mirror 3, the 50% spectroscope 13, the 40-time objective lens 14, the sample cell 5, the 20-time objective lens 16, the dichroic mirror 8, the focusing lens 9 and the photoelectric detector 10 are all guaranteed to be placed on the same axis, the heights of the objective lenses are kept consistent, and the fact that laser emitted by the 660nm continuous laser 1 can penetrate through the axis position of each component is guaranteed.
The dichroic mirror A3 is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees with the direction of the main optical axis.
The dichroic mirror B8 is arranged at an included angle of 135 degrees with the direction of the main optical axis.
The 532nm pulse laser 12, the laser collimation and beam expansion module 11 and the dichroic mirror 3 are arranged on the same axis and keep consistent in height, and the axis direction is vertical to the main optical axis direction.
The invention has the advantages that:
the scattered light detection module related to the invention detects cavitation bubble information generated in the photoinduced cavitation by using a scattered light detection method, the method is not limited by the limit of optical resolution, can acquire signals of tiny cavitation bubbles smaller than the diffraction limit scale, and accurately reflects the dynamic information of the whole process of cavitation bubble oscillation in the waveform. The minimum can detect cavitation bubbles with the size of 150nm, the time resolution can reach 1ns, the spatial resolution of other cavitation bubble detection technologies cannot break through the optical diffraction limit, and the time resolution can only reach microsecond level at most. The detection effect of the present invention therefore has incomparable advantages in temporal and spatial resolution.
2, the invention can provide a theoretical guidance scheme for the selection of laser dose and action mode and the estimation of action effect in laser medicine, improve the treatment efficiency of laser medical operation, reduce the side effect of the operation and have great application value in clinical application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of cavitation bubbles collected by a high speed photography camera in the system; wherein FIG. 2a is a picture of cavitation bubbles of 78.57 μm diameter and FIG. 2b is a picture of cavitation bubbles of 13.717 μm diameter.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of scattered light signals collected by an oscilloscope in the system; where FIG. 3a is the scattering signal measured when the incident pump laser energy equals 141.6 μ J and FIG. 3b is the scattering signal measured when the incident pump laser energy equals 220.5 μ J; fig. 3c is the scattering signal measured when the incident pump laser energy is equal to 320.0 muj.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a research system for liquid photolytic breakdown and cavitation effect includes a pump source module for emitting nanosecond pulse laser, which is composed of a 532nm pulse laser 12 and an a laser beam expander 11, and further includes a detection source module for emitting detection laser, which is composed of a 660nm continuous laser 1 and a B laser beam expander 2, wherein the pump source module and the detection source module emit laser, which are combined by an a dichroic mirror 3, and a 50% dichroic mirror 13, a 40-fold objective lens 14, a sample cell 5, a 20-fold objective lens 16, a dichroic mirror 8, a focusing lens 9 and a photoelectric detector 10 are sequentially arranged in the direction of a main optical axis of the a dichroic mirror 3; a laser energy power meter 4 is arranged in the vertical direction of the 50% spectroscope 13; three walls of the sample cell 5 are respectively clung with a 40-time objective lens 14, a 10-time objective lens 7 and a 20-time objective lens 16, the 10-time objective lens 7 is connected with the high-speed camera 6, and the other wall of the sample cell 5 is provided with a vertical LED light source 15; the LED light source 15, the 10-time objective lens 7 and the high-speed camera 6 are in the same direction and are vertical to the direction of a main optical axis; a baffle 17 for blocking 532nm laser is arranged in the vertical direction of the dichroic mirror B8, the photoelectric detector 10 is connected with the oscilloscope 18 through a data line, and data detected by the photoelectric detector 10 is displayed in the oscilloscope 18.
The 660nm continuous laser 1, the laser collimation and beam expansion module 2, the dichroic mirror 3, the 50% spectroscope 13, the 40-time objective lens 14, the sample cell 5, the 20-time objective lens 16, the dichroic mirror 8, the focusing lens 9 and the photoelectric detector 10 are all guaranteed to be placed on the same axis, the heights of the objective lenses are kept consistent, and the fact that laser emitted by the 660nm continuous laser 1 can penetrate through the axis position of each component is guaranteed.
The dichroic mirror A3 is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees with the direction of the main optical axis.
The dichroic mirror B8 is arranged at an included angle of 135 degrees with the direction of the main optical axis.
The 532nm pulse laser 12, the laser collimation and beam expansion module 11 and the dichroic mirror 3 are arranged on the same axis and keep consistent in height, and the axis direction is vertical to the main optical axis direction.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
laser emitted by the pumping source module and laser emitted by the detection source module are combined through the dichroic mirror A3, the combined light beam enters the laser energy power meter 4 through half of the 50% spectroscope 13 for metering, the other half of the light beam continuously propagates along the direction of the main optical axis and enters the objective lens 14 with the power of 40 times to be focused on a liquid sample in the sample cell 5, the LED light source 15 illuminates the area of the sample cell 5, the objective lens 7 with the power of 10 times and the high-speed camera 6 are used for displaying cavitation bubble images, and reference is made to a picture of cavitation bubbles with the diameter of 78.57 micrometers in fig. 2(a) and a picture of cavitation bubbles with the diameter of 13.717 micrometers in fig. 2 (; the 20-time objective lens 16 receives light transmitted through the sample cell 5, the 532nm laser and the 660nm laser are split through the B dichroic mirror 8, the 532nm laser is blocked by the baffle 17, the 660nm laser continuously passes through the focusing lens 9 along the main shaft direction and is received by the photoelectric detector 10, and data detected by the photoelectric detector 10 is displayed in the oscilloscope 18; referring to fig. 3(a), which is a scattering signal measured when the incident pump laser energy is equal to 141.6 μ J, and referring to fig. 3(b), which is a scattering signal measured when the incident pump laser energy is equal to 220.5 μ J; referring to fig. 3(c), the scattering signal measured when the incident pump laser energy is equal to 320.0 μ J.
Claims (1)
1. A research system for liquid photoinduced breakdown and cavitation effect is characterized by comprising a pump source module which is composed of a 532nm pulse laser (12) and an A laser beam expander (11) and used for emitting nanosecond pulse laser, and a detection source module which is composed of a 660nm continuous laser (1) and a B laser beam expander (2) and used for emitting detection laser, wherein the pump source module and the detection source module emit laser which are combined through an A dichroic mirror (3), and a 50% spectroscope (13), a 40-time objective lens (14), a sample pool (5), a 20-time objective lens (16), a dichroic mirror (8), a focusing lens (9) and a photoelectric detector (10) are sequentially arranged in the main optical axis direction of the A dichroic mirror (3); a laser energy power meter (4) is arranged in the vertical direction of the 50% spectroscope (13); three walls of the sample cell (5) are respectively and tightly attached with a 40-time objective lens (14), a 10-time objective lens (7) and a 20-time objective lens (16), the 10-time objective lens (7) is connected with the high-speed camera (6), and the other wall of the sample cell (5) is provided with a vertical LED light source (15); the LED light source (15), the 10-time objective lens (7) and the high-speed camera (6) are arranged in the same direction and are vertical to the direction of a main optical axis; a baffle (17) for blocking 532nm laser is arranged in the vertical direction of the dichroic mirror B8, and the photoelectric detector (10) is connected with the oscilloscope (18) through a data line;
the 660nm continuous laser (1), the laser collimation and beam expansion module (2), the A dichroic mirror (3), the 50% spectroscope (13), the 40-time objective lens (14), the sample pool (5), the 20-time objective lens (16), the dichroic mirror (8), the focusing lens (9) and the photoelectric detector (10) are all guaranteed to be placed on the same axis, the heights of the two components are kept consistent, and the laser emitted by the 660nm continuous laser (1) can penetrate through the axis position of each component; displaying a scattering signal measured when the incident pump laser energy detected by the photoelectric detector (10) is in the mu J magnitude in the oscilloscope (18);
the dichroic mirror A (3) is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees with the direction of the main optical axis;
the dichroic mirror B (8) is arranged at an included angle of 135 degrees with the direction of the main optical axis;
the 532nm pulse laser (12), the laser collimation and beam expansion module (11) and the dichroic mirror (3) are arranged on the same axis and keep consistent in height, and the axis direction is vertical to the main optical axis direction.
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