CN107292052B - Numerical simulation method for prestress applied to anchor rod - Google Patents
Numerical simulation method for prestress applied to anchor rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN107292052B CN107292052B CN201710558004.5A CN201710558004A CN107292052B CN 107292052 B CN107292052 B CN 107292052B CN 201710558004 A CN201710558004 A CN 201710558004A CN 107292052 B CN107292052 B CN 107292052B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000764238 Isis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation
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- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
A numerical simulation method for applying prestress on an anchor rod comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, assuming that the surrounding rock and the anchor rod in the prestress application period are in an elastic state; (2) establishing a numerical model; (3) removing the tray and loading tension; (4) and installing the tray and removing the tension. The invention avoids the prestress applying components in practical engineering such as nuts and the like, and provides an equivalent method for simulating prestress applying and anchoring force by considering the working characteristics of the tray, so that the simulation of engineering dimensions is realized in the processes of prestress applying, tray force transferring and the like. The method has the characteristics of high calculation precision, tray function consideration and low calculation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anchor bolt support, and particularly relates to a numerical simulation method for prestress applied to an anchor bolt.
Background
Numerical simulation is an important means for comparing and evaluating roadway bolting design schemes. In engineering practice, the effect of applying prestress on the anchor rod body is achieved mainly by applying torque to the nut in threaded connection with the tail of the anchor rod, and the tray can also transmit the anchor supporting force of active support to surrounding rock after the prestress is applied. Therefore, the deformation damage limiting effect of the prestress in the anchor rod body and the anchor supporting force of the tray on the roadway surrounding rock is remarkable and can not be ignored. The application of prestress can not separate the function of tray and nut, and the nut relies on the anchor rod to stretch the anchor rod by the mechanical self-locking force between the external screw thread connection on the anchor rod. The characteristic size of the external threads on the nut and the anchor rod is not more than 1mm, and for the supporting engineering scale, the contact simulation between the nut and the external threads on the anchor rod is difficult, and the calculation cost is huge. It is therefore necessary to find a reasonably simplified operating characteristic for simulating prestressing and pallet post-bracing. In the numerical simulation of the conventional anchor rod supporting engineering, due to the limitations of computer memory and numerical calculation time, the interaction between a nut and an external thread on an anchor rod cannot be considered to simulate the applied rod body prestress and the anchor supporting force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the numerical simulation method for the prestress applied by the anchor rod, which can reasonably simplify the working characteristics of prestress application and tray later-stage support simulation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a numerical simulation method for applying prestress on an anchor rod comprises the following steps,
(1) firstly, assuming that the surrounding rock and the anchor rod in the prestress application period are in an elastic state; establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the outer end part of the anchor rod as a coordinate origin O, wherein the X direction is a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the Y direction is the central axis direction of the anchor rod; the loading direction of the prestress is vertical to the X direction, the rigidity of the anchor rod is high, the elastic modulus E =210GPa, and the stress and deformation in the X direction in the prestress application period can be ignored;
(2) establishing a numerical model: the parts needing to be modeled comprise a rock body internal drilling hole, an anchor rod, a spiral transverse rib and an anchoring agent, wherein the spiral transverse rib is arranged on the surface of the anchor rod body along the axial direction; setting specific parameters of each part, and setting mechanical properties of each part; respectively modeling a rod body, resin, a drilling hole and a tray, assembling the rod body, the resin, the drilling hole and the tray to corresponding positions, and binding and constraining surfaces to be contacted; the meaning of the binding constraint is: combining the contacted interfaces of the components so that the interfaces cannot be separated and slip;
(3) removing the tray and loading tension; the anchor rod and the rock mass in the anchoring range around the anchor rod are regarded as one-way springs, and the outer end part of the anchor rod is applied with pulling force along the Y direction
At the moment, the tension and the elongation of the anchor rod
The relationship between them is:
Removing the tray by using a 'model change' command, removing the tray and simultaneously removing the additional constraint on the tray, and applying a pulling force F to the tail part of the outer end part of the anchor rod1Calculating to reach an equilibrium state; wherein "living and dead unit" is a method for removing and activating a unit set in finite element calculation, wherein a tray is regarded as a unit set, and the command is used for realizingThe purpose of the now removed tray;
(4) mounting the tray, and removing the tension;
the 'model change, add' command is adopted to reactivate the tray, the tray and the additional binding constraint are activated together, at the moment, the tray surface is tightly attached to the rock mass, and the 'center shaft' is tightly attached to the rod body; then the tension F of the anchor rod is removed1And calculating to be in an equilibrium state, wherein residual tensile stress is remained on the rod body at the moment, namely the applied prestress value.
The specific process of the step (4) is as follows:
installing the tray on the outer end of the anchor rod, pressing the tray with the rock mass, and removing the tray
The anchor rod is retracted, but the amount of retraction limited under the constraint of the tray cannot be reached
(ii) a At the moment, the surrounding rock is assumed to be the spring to start to be compressed under the action of the pressure of the tray surface, and the retraction length of the anchor rod is equal to the compression length of the surrounding rock;
namely, it is
（2）
Using rigid tray as research object and receiving anchor rod tension
Pressure with surrounding rock
And has:
residual tensile length of anchor
With respect to surrounding rocksCompressed length
Comprises the following steps:
in combination of formula (1) -formula (4), the following are available:
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention provides a numerical simulation method for equivalently replacing a nut to apply prestress, and solves the problem that the engineering scale applies prestress to the anchor rod with the tray. The prestress equivalent application method is adopted, prestress is applied on the premise that the nut is not analyzed, and meanwhile, the tray device is added, so that the method can be applied to numerical simulation of engineering-scale roadway support.
The invention avoids the prestress applying components in practical engineering such as nuts and the like, and provides an equivalent method for simulating prestress applying and anchoring force by considering the working characteristics of the tray, so that the simulation of engineering dimensions is realized in the processes of prestress applying, tray force transferring and the like. The method has the characteristics of high calculation precision, tray function consideration and low calculation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a model view of a prestressed anchor with a tray according to the present invention (half of the figure because it is not axisymmetric);
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a numerical model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the outer end of the anchor rod applying tension;
fig. 4 is the result of the equivalent application of the prestressing force in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a numerical simulation method for applying prestress on an anchor rod, which comprises the following steps,
(1) firstly, assuming that the surrounding rock and the anchor rod in the prestress application period are in an elastic state; establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the outer end part of the anchor rod as a coordinate origin O, wherein the X direction is a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the Y direction is the central axis direction of the anchor rod; the loading direction of the prestress is vertical to the X direction, the rigidity of the anchor rod is high, the elastic modulus E =210GPa, and the stress and deformation in the X direction in the prestress application period can be ignored;
(2) as shown in fig. 1, a numerical model is established: the parts needing to be modeled comprise a rock body internal drilling hole, an anchor rod, a spiral transverse rib and an anchoring agent, wherein the spiral transverse rib is arranged on the surface of the anchor rod body along the axial direction; setting specific parameters of each part, and setting mechanical properties of each part as shown in tables 1 and 2; respectively modeling a rod body, resin, a drilling hole and a tray, assembling the rod body, the resin, the drilling hole and the tray to corresponding positions, and binding and constraining surfaces to be contacted; the meaning of the binding constraint is: combining the contacted interfaces of the components so that the interfaces cannot be separated and slip;
TABLE 1 numerical model dimension Table
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the anchoring System
| Material | Modulus of elasticity/GPa | Poisson ratio |
| Screw-thread steel rod body and tray | 210 | 0.28 |
| Resin composition | 2.6 | 0.30 |
| |
15 | 0.26 |
(3) Removing the tray and loading tension; regarding the anchor rod and the rock mass in the anchoring range around the anchor rod as a one-way spring, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a pulling force is applied to the outer end of the anchor rod along the Y direction, and at the moment, the pulling force and the elongation of the anchor rod are
The relationship between them is:
Removing the tray by using a 'model change' command, removing the tray and simultaneously removing the additional constraint on the tray, and applying tension on the tail part of the outer end part of the anchor rod
Calculating to reach an equilibrium state, as shown in fig. 2; the 'living and dead unit' is a method for removing and activating a unit set in finite element calculation, wherein the tray is regarded as a unit set, and the purpose of removing the tray is realized by the command;
(4) mounting the tray, and removing the tension;
the 'model change, add' command is adopted to reactivate the tray, the tray and the additional binding constraint are activated together, at the moment, the tray surface is tightly attached to the rock mass, and the 'center shaft' is tightly attached to the rod body; then the tension of the anchor rod is removed
And calculating to an equilibrium state, as shown in fig. 4, at this time, the residual tensile stress is remained on the rod body, which is the applied prestress value.
The specific process of the step (4) is as follows:
installing the tray on the outer end of the anchor rod, pressing the tray with the rock mass, and removing the tray
When the anchor rod is to be retracted, but in the trayLimit retraction amount under constraint and cannot be reached
(ii) a At the moment, the surrounding rock is assumed to be the spring to start to be compressed under the action of the pressure of the tray surface, and the retraction length of the anchor rod is equal to the compression length of the surrounding rock;
namely, it is
（2）
Using rigid tray as research object and receiving anchor rod tension
Pressure with surrounding rock
And has:
residual tensile length of anchor
Compressed length of surrounding rock
Comprises the following steps:
in combination of formula (1) -formula (4), the following are available:
if the contact area of the tray and the surrounding rock is 200cm2Measuring the elastic modulus of the surrounding rock to 10GPa, and measuring the cross section area of the rod body to 3.5cm2And measuring 210GPa of the elastic modulus of the rod body, then:
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A numerical simulation method for applying prestress on an anchor rod is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) firstly, assuming that the surrounding rock and the anchor rod in the prestress application period are in an elastic state; establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the outer end part of the anchor rod as a coordinate origin O, wherein the X direction is a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the Y direction is the central axis direction of the anchor rod; the loading direction of the prestress is vertical to the X direction, the rigidity of the anchor rod is high, the elastic modulus E =210GPa, and the stress and deformation in the X direction in the prestress application period can be ignored;
(2) establishing a numerical model: the parts needing to be modeled comprise a rock body internal drilling hole, an anchor rod, a spiral transverse rib and an anchoring agent, wherein the spiral transverse rib is arranged on the surface of the anchor rod body along the axial direction; setting specific parameters of each part, and setting mechanical properties of each part; respectively modeling a rod body, resin, a drilling hole and a tray, assembling the rod body, the resin, the drilling hole and the tray to corresponding positions, and binding and constraining surfaces to be contacted; the meaning of the binding constraint is: combining the contacted interfaces of the components so that the interfaces cannot be separated and slip;
(3) removing the tray and loading tension; the anchor rod and the rock mass in the anchoring range around the anchor rod are regarded as one-way springs, and the outer end part of the anchor rod is applied with pulling force along the Y directionF 1At the moment, the tension and the elongation of the anchor rod
The relationship between them is:
las to the length of the anchor rod,E a in order to obtain the modulus of elasticity of the anchor rod,A a the cross-sectional area of the anchor rod, the end of the anchor rodaFrom the origin of coordinatesOAt a spacing of
；
Removing the tray by using a 'model change' command, removing the tray and simultaneously removing the additional constraint on the tray, and applying a pulling force F to the tail part of the outer end part of the anchor rod1Calculating to reach an equilibrium state; wherein "live and dead element" is a method for removing and activating a set of elements in a finite element calculation, where the tray is viewedMaking a unit set, and using the command to realize the purpose of removing the tray;
(4) mounting the tray, and removing the tension;
the 'model change, add' command is adopted to reactivate the tray, the tray and the additional binding constraint are activated together, at the moment, the tray surface is tightly attached to the rock mass, and the 'center shaft' is tightly attached to the rod body; then the tension F of the anchor rod is removed1Calculating to be in a balanced state, wherein residual tensile stress is left on the rod body at the moment, namely the applied prestress value;
the specific process of the step (4) is as follows:
installing the tray on the outer end of the anchor rod, pressing the tray with the rock mass, and removing the trayF 1The anchor rod is retracted, but the amount of retraction limited under the constraint of the tray cannot be reached
(ii) a At the moment, the surrounding rock is assumed to be the spring to start to be compressed under the action of the pressure of the tray surface, and the retraction length of the anchor rod is equal to the compression length of the surrounding rock;
namely, it is
（2）
Using rigid tray as research object and receiving anchor rod tension
Pressure with surrounding rock
And has:
residual tensile length of anchor
Compressed length of surrounding rock
Comprises the following steps:
in combination of formula (1) -formula (4), the following are available:
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| CN201710558004.5A CN107292052B (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | Numerical simulation method for prestress applied to anchor rod |
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| CN107292052B true CN107292052B (en) | 2020-06-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114482041B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-02-02 | 浙江天弘机器人科技有限公司 | Intelligent ground anchor pile and working method thereof |
| CN115146420B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-25 | 中南大学 | Method for establishing railway tunnel anchor rod refined model |
| CN116702567B (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-10-17 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Entity anchor rod simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3891731A (en) * | 1969-10-20 | 1975-06-24 | Chester I Williams | Method of pre-stressing form tie systems |
| CN101082564A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Stochastic nondestructive power detecting technology for detecting anchor rod pressure state |
| CN101963555A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-02-02 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Anchor rod or anchor rope support stress test method and device |
| CN202188929U (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-04-11 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Prestressed anchor bolt device used in similitude simulation experiment |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140161538A1 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-12 | Dallas Joel Meggitt | System and method for undersea micropile deployment |
| CN104110039B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-08-31 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | There is pressure dispersing type and arrange the blower foundation of high-strength prestressed anchor pole (rope) |
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2017
- 2017-07-10 CN CN201710558004.5A patent/CN107292052B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3891731A (en) * | 1969-10-20 | 1975-06-24 | Chester I Williams | Method of pre-stressing form tie systems |
| CN101082564A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Stochastic nondestructive power detecting technology for detecting anchor rod pressure state |
| CN101963555A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-02-02 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Anchor rod or anchor rope support stress test method and device |
| CN202188929U (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-04-11 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Prestressed anchor bolt device used in similitude simulation experiment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Research on the Bolting Support by Numerical Simulation and the Strata Behavior;Ping Gao 等;《2012 International Symposium on Instrumentation & Measurement, Sensor Network and Automation (IMSNA)》;20121008;第2999-3007页 * |
| 黏结刚度对预应力锚杆支护效用的数值分析;王晓卿 等;《煤炭学报》;20161215;第41卷(第12期);第549-552页 * |
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