CN107287498A - Ferrite nodular cast iron and its gravity foundry technology - Google Patents
Ferrite nodular cast iron and its gravity foundry technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN107287498A CN107287498A CN201710652163.1A CN201710652163A CN107287498A CN 107287498 A CN107287498 A CN 107287498A CN 201710652163 A CN201710652163 A CN 201710652163A CN 107287498 A CN107287498 A CN 107287498A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
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Abstract
The invention discloses ferrite nodular cast iron and its gravity foundry technology, it is related to nodular cast iron technical field.Percentage by weight including each composition is as follows：C：3.5~3.8%, Si：1.5~1.9%, Al：3.5~4.5%, Bi：1.5~2.5%, Mo：1.3~2.5%, Cu：1.1~2.2%, Cr：2.63~3.92%, Zr：0.63~0.92%, Ba：1.63~1.92%, Mg：1.6~1.9%, Ni：3.17~3.73%, V：0.032~0.081%, Zn：1.12~2.21%, As：0.012~0.021%, Re：0.03~0.05%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.The present invention by using the gravity foundry technology ferrite nodular cast iron for preparing there is some strength, good impact flexibility and plasticity, improve nodular cast iron ferritic content, elongation percentage, the lattice of casting matrix attenuates, the fracture strength of crystal grain refinement, material is significantly reduced；By the content to casting alloys, and then carry out steady production low-temperature impact-resistant, the fine and close casting of density of texture.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nodular cast iron technical field, more particularly to ferrite nodular cast iron and its gravity foundry technology.
Background technology
Matrix is ferritic spheroidal graphite cast-iron (abbreviation magnesium iron), can with some strength, good impact flexibility and plasticity
By as cast condition or annealed acquisition.
The form and metallic matrix tissue of metallographic structure graphite have a great impact to its toughness.(1) shadow of graphite form
Ring.Under metallic matrix tissue acceptance condition, graphite shape influences very big to elongation and impact value：Flake graphite is seriously isolated
Metallic matrix, its sharp corner stress concentration, therefore flake graphite cast iron are in fragility, and impact value is very low, and intensity is weakened severely；
And magnesium iron is then different, as long as matrix is qualified, Oxygen potential is cured high tenacity better.(2) influence of matrix.Ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
Matrix based on ferrite, it is remaining be pearlite.Cementite and iron phosphide eutectic are adverse tissues, are typically controlled respectively 3%
With less than 1%.The higher then toughness of ferrite content is better.Pearlite fraction increase, then impact value and elongation decline.Pearlite
Typically should be below 10%, and be scattered presence, it is so little to Toughness.
Chemical composition is under the conditions of appropriate inoculated technology, and ferritic content, thus impact will be increased by improving carbon equivalent
Value, elongation rise therewith, but carbon equivalent is too high, easily cause graphite floatation.Graphite floatation also with casting thickness and cooling velocity
Relevant, the casting of sand mold cast intermediate gauge (10~40mm), as-cast ferrite ductile iron carbon equivalent takes 4.4%~4.9% to be advisable,
The carbon equivalent desirable 4.2%~4.8% of annealing ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron, thick strip reduction carbon equivalent, thin smallclothes improve carbon equivalent.Using
Intensive inoculation technique also preferably reduces carbon equivalent.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide ferrite nodular cast iron and its gravity foundry technology, by using gravitational casting
Technique prepare ferrite nodular cast iron have some strength, good impact flexibility and plasticity.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
The present invention is ferrite nodular cast iron, including the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：C：3.5~3.8%, Si：1.5
~1.9%, Al：3.5~4.5%, Bi：1.5~2.5%, Mo：1.3~2.5%, Cu：1.1~2.2%, Cr：2.63~
3.92%, Zr：0.63~0.92%, Ba：1.63~1.92%, Mg：1.6~1.9%, Ni：3.17~3.73%, V：0.032
~0.081%, Zn：1.12~2.21%, As：0.012~0.021%, Re：0.03~0.05%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03,
Remaining is Fe.
Further, the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：C：3.7%, Si：1.8%, Al：3.9%, Bi：
1.8%, Mo：1.6%, Cu：1.2%, Cr：3.2%, Zr：0.83%th, Ba：1.83%, Mg：1.7%, Ni：3.33%, V：
0.035%, Zn：1.28%, As：0.016%, Re：0.03%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
Further, the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：C：3.8%, Si：1.5%, Al：4.4%, Bi：
2.3%, Mo：2.3%, Cu：1.5%, Cr：2.7%, Zr：0.76%th, Ba：1.86%, Mg：1.73%, Ni：3.53%, V：
0.043%, Zn：2.1%, As：0.021%, Re：0.04%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
The gravity foundry technology of ferrite nodular cast iron, comprises the following steps：
SS01 raw material meltings：C will be included：3.5~3.8%, Si：1.5~1.9%, Al：3.5~4.5%, Bi：1.5~
2.5%, Mo：1.3~2.5%, Cu：1.1~2.2%, Cr：2.63~3.92%, Zr：0.63~0.92%, Ba：1.63~
1.92%, Mg：1.6~1.9%, Ni：3.17~3.73%, V：0.032~0.081%, Zn：1.12~2.21%, As：
0.012~0.021%, Re：0.03~0.05%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is that Fe protected in melting, fusion process
It is 1420 DEG C~1500 DEG C to demonstrate,prove molten iron temperature, and each element content is detected in molten iron after melting and each element content is adjusted until meet
Recipe requirements, carry out spheroidising of being tapped a blast furnace when weight needed for iron water amount in ladle reaches；
SS02 spheroidisings：After SS01 raw material meltings are completed, molten iron is poured into ladle, add molten steel quality 1.0~
1.4% nodulizer carries out spheroidising, and molten iron is skimmed after finishing, and adds the carburetting of molten steel quality 0.1~0.2%
Agent；Iron liquid after nodularization stands 2-3min；
SS03 vertical gravities apply：After SS02 spheroidisings are completed, encapsulation process is carried out, and is positioned in lift,
Aggravated in lift and deduplication operation；
SS04 deoxidation inoculations：Complete SS03 vertical gravities apply after ladle in add molten steel quality 0.2~
0.4% deoxidier carries out deoxidation treatment, and the inovulant for then adding molten steel quality 0.3~0.7% carries out inoculation；
The processing of SS05 Multi inoculations：Add once addition molten iron matter every 10-15min after the processing of SS04 deoxidations inoculation
The inovulant of amount 0.3~0.5% carries out inoculation.
Further, the SS03 vertical gravities aggravate the scope in 0.1G-1G in applying；The SS03 vertical gravities are applied
Plus in go to focus on 0.1G-0.5G scope；Time is 10-20min.
Further, the constituent of the nodulizer is：Mg：2~3%, Re：0.3~1.5%, Si：30~43%,
Ca：4.2~5.3%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Further, the constituent of the inovulant is：Si：65~75%, Ba：25~35%, surplus be Fe and
It is inevitably micro-.
Further, the constituent of the deoxidier is：Si：25~35%, Ca：11.4~15.5%, Ba：5.5~
10%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Wherein, each element influence be：
Carbon：Be conducive to graphitization and nodularization, improve the toughness that carbon amounts is conducive to playing material.
Silicon：It is to strongly facilitate graphited element, is conducive to improving toughness, the inoculation(effect) energy refining eutectic of silicon is rolled into a ball and made
Iron phosphide eutectic disperses.The final silicon content general control of toughness ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron below 2.7%, if pig iron manganese content≤0.5%,
Phosphorus≤0.7%, then whole silicon amount can be relaxed to 3.O% or so.
Manganese：Hinder the decomposition of cementite and pearlite.This is at a relatively high for the Quench tendency of magnesium iron, therefore should to ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
Manganese content is controlled, should typically be less than 0.4%.To the toughness ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron with annealing production, its manganese content allows 0.6%.
Phosphorus：Crisp phase, particularly ternary iron phosphide eutectic can be formed in cast iron or compound iron phosphide eutectic is very harmful to toughness, Chang Cai
With following measure to weaken the illeffects of phosphorus：Improve carbon amounts, take the low silicon of high-carbon into offshoot program, to hinder ternary iron phosphide eutectic
Precipitation；Intensive inoculation disperses iron phosphide eutectic with refining eutectic group；920~980C anneals, and makes ternary iron phosphide eutectic or compound phosphorus common
Crystalline substance is transformed into binary iron phosphide eutectic, reduces the quantity of iron phosphide eutectic, improves spheroidal graphite shape.Using metal type cast into numb mouth, i.e. spheroidal graphite
With ledeburite and cementite tissue, then through high annealing then can avoid produce iron phosphide eutectic.
Sulphur：Its too high levels can make nodularization unstable, and can produce excessive sulphide inculsion, have a strong impact on toughness,
Therefore requiring that base iron sulfur content is as low as possible, best molten iron takes desulfurization measure to be specifically judged as seeing cast iron carbon equivalent and cast iron graphite
Floating.
The invention has the advantages that：
Ferrite nodular cast iron prepared by gravity foundry technology that the present invention is used has some strength, a good impact
Toughness and plasticity, the ferritic content of raising nodular cast iron, elongation percentage, the lattice of casting matrix attenuate, crystal grain refinement, material
The fracture strength of material is significantly reduced；By the content to casting alloys, and then carry out steady production low-temperature impact-resistant, density of texture
Fine and close casting.
Certainly, any product for implementing the present invention it is not absolutely required to while reaching all the above advantage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, all other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention is ferrite nodular cast iron, including the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：
C：3.5~3.8%, Si：1.5~1.9%, Al：3.5~4.5%, Bi：1.5~2.5%, Mo：1.3~2.5%,
Cu：1.1~2.2%, Cr：2.63~3.92%, Zr：0.63~0.92%, Ba：1.63~1.92%, Mg：1.6~1.9%,
Ni：3.17~3.73%, V：0.032~0.081%, Zn：1.12~2.21%, As：0.012~0.021%, Re：0.03~
0.05%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
Wherein, the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：C：3.7%, Si：1.8%, Al：3.9%, Bi：1.8%, Mo：
1.6%, Cu：1.2%, Cr：3.2%, Zr：0.83%th, Ba：1.83%, Mg：1.7%, Ni：3.33%, V：0.035%, Zn：
1.28%, As：0.016%, Re：0.03%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
Wherein, the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：C：3.8%, Si：1.5%, Al：4.4%, Bi：2.3%, Mo：
2.3%, Cu：1.5%, Cr：2.7%, Zr：0.76%th, Ba：1.86%, Mg：1.73%, Ni：3.53%, V：0.043%, Zn：
2.1%, As：0.021%, Re：0.04%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
The gravity foundry technology of ferrite nodular cast iron, comprises the following steps：
SS01 raw material meltings：C will be included：3.5~3.8%, Si：1.5~1.9%, Al：3.5~4.5%, Bi：1.5~
2.5%, Mo：1.3~2.5%, Cu：1.1~2.2%, Cr：2.63~3.92%, Zr：0.63~0.92%, Ba：1.63~
1.92%, Mg：1.6~1.9%, Ni：3.17~3.73%, V：0.032~0.081%, Zn：1.12~2.21%, As：
0.012~0.021%, Re：0.03~0.05%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is that Fe protected in melting, fusion process
It is 1420 DEG C~1500 DEG C to demonstrate,prove molten iron temperature, and each element content is detected in molten iron after melting and each element content is adjusted until meet
Recipe requirements, carry out spheroidising of being tapped a blast furnace when weight needed for iron water amount in ladle reaches；
SS02 spheroidisings：After SS01 raw material meltings are completed, molten iron is poured into ladle, add molten steel quality 1.0~
1.4% nodulizer carries out spheroidising, and molten iron is skimmed after finishing, and adds the carburetting of molten steel quality 0.1~0.2%
Agent；Iron liquid after nodularization stands 2-3min；
SS03 vertical gravities apply：After SS02 spheroidisings are completed, encapsulation process is carried out, and is positioned in lift,
Aggravated in lift and deduplication operation；
SS04 deoxidation inoculations：Complete SS03 vertical gravities apply after ladle in add molten steel quality 0.2~
0.4% deoxidier carries out deoxidation treatment, and the inovulant for then adding molten steel quality 0.3~0.7% carries out inoculation；
The processing of SS05 Multi inoculations：Add once addition molten iron matter every 10-15min after the processing of SS04 deoxidations inoculation
The inovulant of amount 0.3~0.5% carries out inoculation.
Wherein, SS03 vertical gravities aggravate the scope in 0.1G-1G in applying；Duplicate removal during the SS03 vertical gravities apply
In 0.1G-0.5G scope；Time is 10-20min.
Wherein, the constituent of nodulizer is：Mg：2~3%, Re：0.3~1.5%, Si：30~43%, Ca：4.2~
5.3%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
Wherein, the constituent of inovulant is：Si：65~75%, Ba：25~35%, surplus is Fe and inevitable
Trace element.
Wherein, the constituent of deoxidier is：Si：25~35%, Ca：11.4~15.5%, Ba：5.5~10%, surplus
It is for Fe and inevitably micro-.
Heat treatment magnesium iron high tenacity to be ensured, need to be used using silicon, manganese, phosphorus and impurity very few base iron, many countries
High-purity pig iron effect is fine.Chinese pig iron source is very wide, and impurity content is higher, and as-cast tough is unstable, and iron is so will to performance
Higher casting is asked to produce toughness magnesium iron using the method for annealing.
Method for annealing can be divided into two kinds of the annealing of high/low temperature two benches and process annealing according to casting quality requirement.Both phases
More close than, normal temperature impact value and relatively stablize, cold impact value slightly has difference, and the former higher cold impact value and wave amplitude compared with
It is small, because two benches annealing makes microstructure homogenization, reduce carbide and crystal boundary element segregation.Cementite exceedes in as-cast structure
Two benches annealing should be carried out when 3%, when cementite is no more than 85% no more than 3%, pearlite, process annealing should be carried out.In addition,
Iron phosphide eutectic is more than 1% and in the presence of ternary iron phosphide eutectic or compound iron phosphide eutectic, being considered as carrying out two benches annealing.
High temperature anneal temperature is higher than eutectoid temperature, and generally 900~960 DEG C, temperature low cementite decomposes too slow, temperature
Too high austenite crystal is thick, or even grain boundary oxidation.Low-temperature anneal temperature is general at 720~750 DEG C.To improve toughness, low temperature
Annealing temperature, which should try one's best, to be approached, but is not less than 720C, and such ferrite crystal grain is thinner.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " specific example " etc. means
At least one implementation of the present invention is contained in reference to specific features, structure, material or the feature that the embodiment or example are described
In example or example.In this manual, identical embodiment or example are not necessarily referring to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term.
Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be closed in any one or more embodiments or example
Suitable mode is combined.
Present invention disclosed above preferred embodiment is only intended to help and illustrates the present invention.Preferred embodiment is not detailed
All details of narration, it is only described embodiment that the invention is not limited yet.Obviously, according to the content of this specification,
It can make many modifications and variations.This specification is chosen and specifically describes these embodiments, is to preferably explain the present invention
Principle and practical application so that skilled artisan can be best understood by and utilize the present invention.The present invention is only
Limited by claims and its four corner and equivalent.
Claims (8)
1. ferrite nodular cast iron, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：
C：3.5~3.8%, Si：1.5~1.9%, Al：3.5~4.5%, Bi：1.5~2.5%, Mo：1.3~2.5%, Cu：
1.1~2.2%, Cr：2.63~3.92%, Zr：0.63~0.92%, Ba：1.63~1.92%, Mg：1.6~1.9%, Ni：
3.17~3.73%, V：0.032~0.081%, Zn：1.12~2.21%, As：0.012~0.021%, Re：0.03~
0.05%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
2. ferrite nodular cast iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight percent of each composition is such as
Under：C：3.7%, Si：1.8%, Al：3.9%, Bi：1.8%, Mo：1.6%, Cu：1.2%, Cr：3.2%, Zr：0.83%th,
Ba：1.83%, Mg：1.7%, Ni：3.33%, V：0.035%, Zn：1.28%, As：0.016%, Re：0.03%, P ＜
0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
3. ferrite nodular cast iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight of each composition is as follows：C：
3.8%, Si：1.5%, Al：4.4%, Bi：2.3%, Mo：2.3%, Cu：1.5%, Cr：2.7%, Zr：0.76%th, Ba：
1.86%, Mg：1.73%, Ni：3.53%, V：0.043%, Zn：2.1%, As：0.021%, Re：0.04%, P ＜ 0.12, S
＜ 0.03, remaining is Fe.
4. the gravity foundry technology of ferrite nodular cast iron, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
SS01 raw material meltings：C will be included：3.5~3.8%, Si：1.5~1.9%, Al：3.5~4.5%, Bi：1.5~
2.5%, Mo：1.3~2.5%, Cu：1.1~2.2%, Cr：2.63~3.92%, Zr：0.63~0.92%, Ba：1.63~
1.92%, Mg：1.6~1.9%, Ni：3.17~3.73%, V：0.032~0.081%, Zn：1.12~2.21%, As：
0.012~0.021%, Re：0.03~0.05%, P ＜ 0.12, S ＜ 0.03, remaining is that Fe protected in melting, fusion process
It is 1420 DEG C~1500 DEG C to demonstrate,prove molten iron temperature, and each element content is detected in molten iron after melting and each element content is adjusted until meet
Recipe requirements, carry out spheroidising of being tapped a blast furnace when weight needed for iron water amount in ladle reaches；
SS02 spheroidisings：After SS01 raw material meltings are completed, molten iron is poured into ladle, molten steel quality 1.0~1.4% is added
Nodulizer carry out spheroidising, molten iron is skimmed after finishing, addition molten steel quality 0.1~0.2% carburant；Nodularization
Iron liquid afterwards stands 2-3min；
SS03 vertical gravities apply：After SS02 spheroidisings are completed, encapsulation process is carried out, and is positioned in lift, is being risen
Aggravated and deduplication operation in drop machine；
SS04 deoxidation inoculations：Molten steel quality 0.2~0.4% is added in the ladle after SS03 vertical gravities apply is completed
Deoxidier carry out deoxidation treatment, then add molten steel quality 0.3~0.7% inovulant carry out inoculation；
The processing of SS05 Multi inoculations：Add after the processing of SS04 deoxidations inoculation every 10-15min and once add molten steel quality
0.3~0.5% inovulant carries out inoculation.
5. the gravity foundry technology of ferrite nodular cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the SS03 is vertical
Gravity aggravates the scope in 0.1G-1G in applying；The SS03 vertical gravities go to focus on 0.1G-0.5G scope in applying；When
Between be 10-20min.
6. the gravity foundry technology of ferrite nodular cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the nodulizer
Constituent is：Mg：2~3%, Re：0.3~1.5%, Si：30~43%, Ca：4.2~5.3%, surplus is Fe and can not
The trace element avoided.
7. the gravity foundry technology of ferrite nodular cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the inovulant
Constituent is：Si：65~75%, Ba：25~35%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-.
8. the gravity foundry technology of ferrite nodular cast iron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the deoxidier
Constituent is：Si：25~35%, Ca：11.4~15.5%, Ba：5.5~10%, surplus is Fe and inevitably micro-
Secondary element.
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| CN108950370A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 含山县兴达球墨铸铁厂 | A kind of wear-resisting low temperature resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron |
| CN114086053A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-25 | 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 | Ductile cast iron member having excellent low-temperature toughness and method for producing same |
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| CN108559902A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-21 | 铜陵市大成轧辊有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method for eliminating grain roll core greyness |
| CN108950370A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 含山县兴达球墨铸铁厂 | A kind of wear-resisting low temperature resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron |
| CN114086053A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-25 | 襄阳金耐特机械股份有限公司 | Ductile cast iron member having excellent low-temperature toughness and method for producing same |
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