CN107286907B - Molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with core-shell structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with core-shell structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure and a preparation method thereof. The composite microwave absorbent mainly comprises molybdenum disulfide nano powder and carbonyl iron, wherein the carbonyl iron is used as a core, and the molybdenum disulfide nano powder is uniformly wrapped outside the carbonyl iron to form a core-shell structure. The preparation method comprises (1) mixing carbonyl iron micro-rice powder with water, adding molybdenum source and sulfur source in sequence for full dissolution, adjusting pH value to neutrality, and performing hydrothermal reaction under sealed condition to obtain hydrothermal product; (2) and (3) carrying out high-speed centrifugal separation on the hydrothermal product, washing and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure. The composite microwave absorbent can effectively improve the maximum reflection loss value, can greatly reduce the matching thickness, and is an ideal high-performance microwave absorbent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave absorbers and electromagnetic shielding materials, and particularly relates to a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorber with a core-shell structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Research and development of high-performance microwave absorbing materials are a major subject in the technical field of military and civil use. Molybdenum disulfide is a novel layered nano material which is researched more and more important in recent years, and has wide application in the fields of energy storage, catalysis, lubrication, semiconductors, composite materials and the like. And the material also has unique advantages in the aspects of specific surface area and electrical property, so that the material has the potential of being applied to the field of radar wave absorption. MoS of ultrasonic exfoliation was first investigated in 2015 by M.Q. Ning et al2Electromagnetic parameters of nanosheets, and bulk MoS2By comparison, it was found that: MoS2Dielectric constant of the nanosheet is MoS2Twice as much bulk material. The content of the absorbent in the coaxial ring sample is 60wt%, and when the fitting thickness is 2.4mm, the maximum reflection loss of the nanosheet is-38.42 dB, which is 4 times that of the bulk material. The effective bandwidth (reflection loss value less than-10 dB) of the nano sheet is 4.1GHz (9.6-13.76 GHz), which is equivalent to the wave-absorbing performance of the carbon-based nano material. Analysis of defects introduced by Mo and S vacanciesThe high specific surface area of the nanoplatelets and the trap dipole polarization are the main causes of their high electromagnetic losses. Then X.H. Liang and the like firstly investigate the preparation of two-dimensional MoS by a hydrothermal method2Microwave absorption properties of the nanoplatelets, when the fitted thickness is 2.2 mm: the maximum reflection loss is-47.8 dB, corresponding to 12.8GHz, and the effective bandwidth is 4.5GHz (11-15.5 GHz). In addition to 2-18 GHz, MoS2The high-frequency electromagnetic wave absorber has good absorption performance for the electromagnetic wave of 18-40 GHz. In the last year, X, Ding et al began to study MoS2Wave absorbing property of base composite material and prepared RGO/MoS2And in the 3D composite structure, when the content of the absorbent is 30wt% and the matching thickness is 2.5mm, the effective bandwidth is 5.92GHz, and the maximum reflection loss is-31 dB. The authors also compared their work with others and showed that RGO-MoS was present2The composite material is potentially applied to the field of light wave-absorbing materials. But because of RGO and MoS2Are all electric loss type microwave absorbers, and limit the improvement of impedance matching effect. Applicants earlier prepared MoS by ultrasonic exfoliation2The nanosheets are directly mixed with micron-sized carbonyl iron, and as a result, compared with the two components before compounding, the nanosheets have the advantages that the maximum reflection loss value is increased, the effective bandwidth is widened, and the matching thickness is remarkably reduced. The performance improvement is indistinguishable from the post-compounding impedance match improvement. The composite absorbent has excellent performance and simple and convenient preparation process, but MoS is obtained by ultrasonic stripping2The shape is single, the sheet-shaped iron carbonyl is mainly layered, and the uniform coating of the carbonyl iron and the uniform mixing of the two absorbents cannot be realized. This will limit the maximum exertion of the wave absorption performance of the composite absorbent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure, which takes carbonyl iron as a template, enables molybdenum disulfide nano powder to grow and separate out on the surface of the template, can greatly reduce the matching thickness of an absorbent and improve the maximum reflection loss value, and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the composite microwave absorbent mainly comprises molybdenum disulfide nano powder and carbonyl iron, wherein the carbonyl iron is used as a core, and the molybdenum disulfide nano powder is uniformly wrapped outside the carbonyl iron to form a core-shell structure.
In the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 1.7 mm-3.3 mm, the maximum reflection loss value is-65 dB-35 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth with the reflection loss value less than-10 dB is 2.2 GHz-5.0 GHz.
As a general technical concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the carbonyl iron micro-powder with water, sequentially adding a molybdenum source and a sulfur source to fully dissolve, adjusting the pH value of the obtained mixed solution to be neutral, carrying out hydrothermal reaction under a sealed condition, wherein the reaction temperature is 160-240 ℃, the reaction time is 18-36 h, and obtaining a hydrothermal product after the reaction is finished;
(2) and (3) carrying out centrifugal separation on the hydrothermal product at the centrifugal speed of 10000-12000 rpm, washing the precipitate obtained by centrifugation, and then drying to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure.
In the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, in the step (1), the molar ratio of molybdenum in the molybdenum source to sulfur in the sulfur source is 1: 2-5, and theoretically generated MoS2The mass ratio of the carbonyl iron to the micro-rice flour is 1: 1-5.
In the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, in the step (1), the molybdenum source is sodium molybdate, and the sulfur source is thiourea CS (NH)2)2Or thioacetamide CH3CSNH2。
In the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, in the step (1), the grain size of the carbonyl iron micron powder is less than or equal to 10 μm.
In the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, in the step (1), the carbonyl iron micron powder is mixed with water and then stirred for 15min to 30min, then a molybdenum source is added and stirred for 15min to 30min, and a sulfur source is added and stirred for 15min to 30 min.
In the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, in the step (1), ammonia water and dilute hydrochloric acid are used for adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.0.
In the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, in the step (2), the centrifugation time is 10min to 15 min.
In the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure, preferably, in the step (2), the precipitate is washed by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 2-3 times respectively, the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 7-10 hours.
In the step (1) of the preparation method, the added water amount is based on the fact that the carbonyl iron micropowder can be fully dispersed and the molybdenum source and the sulfur source can be fully dissolved.
The main innovation points of the invention are as follows: in the aspect of components, molybdenum disulfide mainly in an electric loss type is compounded with carbonyl iron mainly in a magnetic loss type, so that the material has electric loss and magnetic loss characteristics, the absorption rate of the material to electromagnetic waves can be improved, the impedance matching can be improved, and most of the electromagnetic waves can enter the wave-absorbing material. In the aspect of structure, the two absorbents are designed into a core-shell structure, so that excessive agglomeration of the molybdenum disulfide nano powder can be avoided; simultaneously utilizes MoS with good chemical stability2The carbonyl iron is coated, so that the corrosion resistance of the carbonyl iron can be improved; the molybdenum disulfide with low conductivity is compounded with carbonyl iron with high conductivity, and conductive particles can be effectively dispersed, so that adverse effects of skin effect on magnetic conductivity are avoided, and normal exertion of carbonyl iron loss capacity is ensured. In addition, the introduction of the interface effect further enhances the microwave of the materialThe absorption capacity is also very advantageous. In the preparation method, the hydrothermal method is particularly suitable for in-situ formation of a core-shell structure, uniform distribution of two materials and powerful regulation and control of components and morphology. The design of the components, the structure and the method is beneficial to obtaining a novel high-efficiency microwave absorbent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 1.7 mm-3.3 mm, the maximum reflection loss value is-65 dB-35 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth with the reflection loss value less than-10 dB is 2.2 GHz-5.0 GHz. When the matching thickness is 1.9mm, the highest reflection loss value of the electromagnetic wave in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz reaches-58.95 dB, the peak value is located at 12.50GHz, and the effective bandwidth with the reflection loss value smaller than-10 dB is 3.57 GHz. Generally, the wave-absorbing effect should comprehensively consider three parameters: the thickness of the coating, the highest reflection loss value and the effective bandwidth are the same, and the ideal absorbent is expected to have the highest reflection loss value and the widest effective bandwidth under the condition of the thinnest possible thickness, and the composite microwave absorbent of the invention has remarkable progress on the three effect parameters and is more close to the requirements of thinness, lightness, width and strength of the ideal absorbent. The material can be used as camouflage stealth and can be used in the occasions of protecting electromagnetic radiation of mobile phones, household appliances and the like.
2. According to the invention, a molybdenum source, a sulfur source and carbonyl iron are mixed, the carbonyl iron is used as a template (template method), a core-shell structure composite absorbent which takes the carbonyl iron as a core and molybdenum disulfide nano powder is uniformly coated outside the carbonyl iron is synthesized in situ by using a hydrothermal method, wherein the carbonyl iron is a magnetic loss type absorbent, and the molybdenum disulfide is an electric loss type absorbent. Moreover, the core-shell structure can avoid excessive agglomeration of the molybdenum disulfide nano powder; meanwhile, the molybdenum disulfide with good chemical stability is used for coating the carbonyl iron, so that the corrosion resistance of the carbonyl iron can be improved; the molybdenum disulfide with low conductivity is compounded with carbonyl iron with high conductivity, and conductive particles can be effectively dispersed, so that adverse effects of skin effect on magnetic conductivity are avoided, and normal exertion of carbonyl iron loss capacity is ensured. In addition, the introduction of the interface effect is also very beneficial to further enhance the microwave absorption capability of the material. The test result shows that the treatment can improve the microwave absorption peak value, broaden the microwave absorption frequency band, greatly reduce the matching thickness, meet the 'thin, light, wide and strong' target required by the wave-absorbing material and is an ideal high-performance microwave absorbent.
3. The preparation method is simple and feasible, has low production cost and is suitable for industrial production of a certain scale.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an XRD spectrum of the composite microwave absorbent prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of the composite microwave absorbent prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a reflection loss spectrum (absorbent content 80 wt%) of the composite microwave absorber prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a reflection loss spectrum (absorbent content 80 wt%) of the composite microwave absorber prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a reflection loss spectrum (absorbent content 80 wt%) of the composite microwave absorber prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a reflection loss spectrum (absorbent content 80 wt%) of the composite microwave absorber prepared in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
The materials and equipment used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure, which mainly comprises molybdenum disulfide nano powder and carbonyl iron, wherein the carbonyl iron is used as a core of the composite microwave absorbent, and the molybdenum disulfide nano powder uniformly wraps the carbonyl iron to form a core-shell structure.
A preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) 2.42g of sodium molybdate dihydrate Na were weighed out separately with an analytical balance2MoO4·2H2O (0.010 mol), 3.0g thioacetamide CH3CSNH2(0.040 mol), and MoS theoretically produced21.60g of carbonyl iron micron powder with the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the grain diameter of the carbonyl iron micron powder is less than or equal to 10 mu m, and the preferred grain diameter is less than or equal to 2 mu m. Pouring carbonyl iron micro-powder into a 500ml beaker, adding 120ml deionized water, magnetically stirring for 15min, adding weighed sodium molybdate dihydrate, magnetically stirring for 15min to fully dissolve reactants, finally adding weighed thioacetamide, and continuing to magnetically stir for 15min to fully dissolve the thioacetamide. Adjusting pH of the obtained mixture solution system to 7.0 with ammonia water and dilute hydrochloric acid, transferring the obtained reaction solution into a hydrothermal reaction inner sleeve with volume of 150ml, placing the inner sleeve into a stainless steel outer sleeve, and sealing. And reacting for 24 hours at 220 ℃.
(2) After the reaction is finished, taking out the hydrothermal product, placing the hydrothermal product in a centrifuge tube, performing high-speed centrifugation at 10000rpm for 10min, taking the tube bottom product, washing the tube bottom product with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 2-3 times respectively, and then placing the tube bottom product in an oven at 60 ℃ for drying for 8h to obtain a final product, namely, a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure, testing the crystal structure of the hydrothermal product by using an X-ray diffractometer (Bruker, D8 Advance), wherein a diffraction peak at 44.5 ℃ is contributed by α -Fe (JCPDS card No. 06-0696), and the hydrothermally synthesized molybdenum disulfide is an amorphous structure, observing the powder morphology by using a field emission scanning electron microscope (TESCAN, VEGA 3 SBH), as shown in FIG. 2, the hydrothermally synthesized product is a nanosheet flower-like structure (also in a particle form), the transverse size of the nanosheet is less than 100nm, but the test sample has magnetism, and the Fe element is not found on the surface of the nanosheet-like structure, and only Mo and S elements are present, and the mole ratio is close to 1, so that the nanosheet is uniform, the core-iron carbonyl iron disulfide powder structure is formed by the carbonyl iron core-like, and the nanosheet is obtained by the nano iron core-like.
The composite microwave absorbent obtained in the embodiment and the molten paraffin are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, and a coaxial ring sample with the inner diameter of 3mm, the outer diameter of 7mm and the thickness of 2.5mm is pressed in a mold. The absorption characteristic of the product to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz is detected by a vector network analyzer (Agilent 8720 ET) by adopting a waveguide method, as shown in FIG. 3, the matching thickness is 1.9mm, the effective bandwidth with the reflection loss value smaller than-10 dB is 3.57GHz, the maximum reflection loss value is-58.95 dB, and the peak value is 12.50 GHz. Compared with directly purchased carbonyl iron micron powder, when the matching thickness of the pure carbonyl iron micron powder is 2.4mm, the effective bandwidth is 4.96GHz, and the maximum reflection loss value is-40.68 dB, the effective bandwidth of the composite microwave absorbent of the embodiment is slightly lower, but the matching thickness is obviously reduced, and is reduced from 2.4mm to 1.9mm, and meanwhile, the maximum reflection loss value is obviously improved, and is changed from-40.68 dB to-58.95 dB; compared with pure molybdenum disulfide synthesized hydrothermally under the same conditions, the maximum reflection loss value of the composite microwave absorbent of the embodiment is also remarkably increased under the condition of equivalent thickness (1.9-2 mm), and is changed from-25.01 dB to-58.95 dB.
Example 2:
the invention relates to a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure.
A preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to the embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: step (1) theoretical MoS generation2The mass ratio of the iron carbonyl to the micron powder is 1: 2. As shown in FIG. 4, when the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 2.3mm, the maximum reflection loss of the composite microwave absorbent to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz reaches-55.94 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth reaches 2.74 GHz.
Example 3:
the invention relates to a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure.
A preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: step (1) theoretical MoS generation2The mass ratio of the iron carbonyl to the micron powder is 1: 4. As shown in FIG. 5, when the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 3.3mm, the maximum reflection loss of the composite microwave absorbent to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz reaches-45.86 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth reaches 2.89 GHz.
Example 4:
the invention relates to a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure.
A preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: the molar charge ratio of the sodium molybdate dihydrate to the thioacetamide in the step (1) is 1: 3.5. When the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 3mm, the maximum reflection loss of the composite microwave absorbent to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz reaches-48.16 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth reaches 2.21 GHz.
Example 5:
the invention relates to a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure.
A preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: the hydrothermal temperature in the step (1) is 180 ℃. When the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 1.9mm, the maximum reflection loss of the composite microwave absorbent to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz reaches-52.81 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth reaches 3.68 GHz.
Example 6:
the invention relates to a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure.
A preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: the hydrothermal reaction time of the step (1) is 36 h. When the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 2.0mm, the maximum reflection loss of the composite microwave absorbent to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz reaches-54.21 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth reaches 3.45 GHz.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: no carbonyl iron micron powder is added in the step (1). As shown in FIG. 6, when the thickness of the pure molybdenum disulfide absorbent is equivalent to that of the composite microwave absorbent in example 1 (2 mm), the maximum reflection loss of the pure molybdenum disulfide absorbent to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2 to 18GHz is only-19.46 dB, the effective loss bandwidth when the reflection loss reaches-10 dB is 3.65GHz, and the peak value is 11.15 GHz.
Comparative example 2:
this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: step (1) theoretical MoS generation2The mass ratio of the iron carbonyl to the micron powder is 1: 6. When the matching thickness of the composite absorbent is 3.6mm, the maximum reflection loss of the composite absorbent to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz reaches-32.11 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth reaches 1.86 GHz.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent modifications, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure is characterized in that the composite microwave absorbent mainly comprises molybdenum disulfide nano powder and carbonyl iron, the carbonyl iron is used as a core, and the molybdenum disulfide nano powder is uniformly wrapped outside the carbonyl iron to form the core-shell structure;
the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the carbonyl iron micro-powder with water, sequentially adding a molybdenum source and a sulfur source to fully dissolve, adjusting the pH value of the obtained mixed solution to be neutral, carrying out hydrothermal reaction under a sealed condition, wherein the reaction temperature is 160-240 ℃, the reaction time is 18-36 h, and obtaining a hydrothermal product after the reaction is finished;
(2) carrying out centrifugal separation on the hydrothermal product at the centrifugal speed of 10000-12000 rpm, washing the precipitate obtained by centrifugation, and then drying to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure;
in the step (1), the molar ratio of molybdenum in the molybdenum source to sulfur in the sulfur source is 1: 2-5, and theoretically generated MoS2The mass ratio of the carbonyl iron to the micro-rice flour is 1: 1-5.
2. The molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to claim 1, wherein the matching thickness of the composite microwave absorbent is 1.7mm to 3.3mm, the maximum reflection loss value is-65 dB to-35 dB, and the effective loss bandwidth with the reflection loss value less than-10 dB is 2.2GHz to 5.0 GHz.
3. A preparation method of a molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with a core-shell structure comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the carbonyl iron micro-powder with water, sequentially adding a molybdenum source and a sulfur source to fully dissolve, adjusting the pH value of the obtained mixed solution to be neutral, carrying out hydrothermal reaction under a sealed condition, wherein the reaction temperature is 160-240 ℃, the reaction time is 18-36 h, and obtaining a hydrothermal product after the reaction is finished;
(2) carrying out centrifugal separation on the hydrothermal product at the centrifugal speed of 10000-12000 rpm, washing the precipitate obtained by centrifugation, and then drying to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure;
in the step (1), the molar ratio of molybdenum in the molybdenum source to sulfur in the sulfur source is 1: 2-5, and theoretically generated MoS2The mass ratio of the carbonyl iron to the micro-rice flour is 1: 1-5.
4. The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with core-shell structure according to claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the molybdenum source is sodium molybdate, and the sulfur source is thiourea CS (NH)2)2Or thioacetamide CH3CSNH2。
5. The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (1), the grain size of the carbonyl iron micron powder is less than or equal to 10 μm.
6. The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (1), the carbonyl iron micron powder is mixed with water and then stirred for 15min to 30min, then a molybdenum source is added and stirred for 15min to 30min, and a sulfur source is added and stirred for 15min to 30 min.
7. The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (1), ammonia water and diluted hydrochloric acid are used for adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.0.
8. The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (2), the centrifugation time is 10min to 15 min.
9. The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide/carbonyl iron composite microwave absorbent with the core-shell structure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (2), the precipitate is washed with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 2-3 times, the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 7-10 hours.
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