CN107286099B - 一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN107286099B
CN107286099B CN201610910466.4A CN201610910466A CN107286099B CN 107286099 B CN107286099 B CN 107286099B CN 201610910466 A CN201610910466 A CN 201610910466A CN 107286099 B CN107286099 B CN 107286099B
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卢久富
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Abstract

本发明属于有机和无机合成技术领域，具体来说是一种基于4‑(2‑甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物及其应用。该晶体分子式为[Zn(MIBA)2]n，其中，HMIBA为具有式1所示结构的负一价阴离子配体4‑(2‑甲基咪唑)苯甲酸，属于正交晶系，P4nc空间群，晶胞参数
Figure DDA0001133796460000012
β＝90°。采用溶剂热反应合成了该配合物的晶体材料，它是通锌离子作为一个四连接的节点，通过桥联配体4‑(2‑甲基咪唑)苯甲酸的桥联连接形成了三维四重穿插的微孔结构。本发明配合物的晶体材料具有吸附性和荧光性能等优点。该发明的微孔晶体材料基于具有良好的荧光和吸附性，在石油化工、精细化工等领域具有重要应用。

Description

一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于有机和无机合成技术领域，具体的说是一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物及其应用。
背景技术
二氧化碳(CO2)作为导致温室效应的主要因素，对其气体的存储、分离及转化等方面的研究已受到人们的广泛关注。近年来，一种新型多孔材料--金属有机框架化合物由于其因具有比表面积大、空隙率大、结构组成多样及热稳定性好等特点，以及在CO2气体存储和分离中的潜在应用，成为气体分子吸附和存储材料领域的研究热点。
目前，金属-有机框架化合物气体吸附方面的研究工作主要集中在刚性多羧基芳香酸与中心金属离子、桥联含氮杂环配体与中心金属离子或者刚性多羧基芳香酸和桥联含氮杂环配体作为混合配体与中心金属离子构筑的金属-有机框架化合物。相对与上述几种金属-有机框架化合物构筑类型，基于羧基、含氮杂环多功能有机配体与中心金属离子构筑配位聚合物以及其相关能源材料的储存研究滞后很多。另外，中心原子为二价锌的有机框架化合物，由于其d10组态电子构型，二价锌的有机骨架化合物在发光性能上有巨大的应用前景。
总体而言，选择合适的含羧基和含氮杂环多功能配体、调整配体和金属离子的比例及反应温度，是合成新型多孔材料的有效手段。尝试不同的反应条件，通过单晶解析、吸附性质测定，以期能够筛选出具有吸附性能的多孔材料。因此通过探索孔材料的孔径、比表面积、孔洞占有率以及吸附性能的内在联系，寻找体系中具有应用价值的多孔材料，不仅有助于配位化学的发展，对于新型多孔材料在气体吸附、离子交换、催化等领域的研究也都具有重要的研究意义。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物及其应用。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用技术方案为：
一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物，配合物为具有单节点三维四重穿插的钻石拓扑结构,化学表达式为[Zn(MIBA)2]n,其中，MIBA为具有式1所示结构的负一价阴离子配体4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸；
Figure GDA0002364267980000021
所述配合物属于正交晶系,空间群为P4nc,晶胞参数为a＝14.1883(6)，b＝14.1868(6)，c＝13.5156(8),α＝β＝γ＝90.00,
Figure GDA0002364267980000025
一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物的制备方法，采用溶剂热法，将二价锌盐、4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸、无机碱和DMF在100～130℃下反应3～5天，反应后降温至室温，即得化学表达式为[Zn(MIBA)2]n的配合物。
具体为将4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA),无机碱和二价锌盐按摩尔比0.0001-0.0004:0.0001-0.0002:0.0001-0.0003的比例混合，混合后溶于过量的DMF中得到混合溶液，所述混合液在100～130℃的温度环境下进行溶剂热反应，溶剂热反应完成后，自然冷却析出晶体,经去离子水洗涤干燥后，即得配合物。
所述混合溶液于密封的高压反应釜中以每小时6-10℃的升温速率升高到100-130℃的温度环境下进行溶剂热反应72-96h。
所述无机碱为氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂中一种或几种；二价锌盐为氯化锌、乙酸锌或六水硝酸锌。
一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物的应用，所述配合物在气体吸附或荧光材料中的应用。
该单晶结构采用单晶衍射仪，使用经过石墨单色化Mo-Kα射线
Figure GDA0002364267980000022
Figure GDA0002364267980000023
为入射辐射，以ω-2θ扫描方式收集衍射点，经过最小二乘法修正得到晶胞参数，从差值傅立叶电子密度图利用软件解出单晶数据表配合物的晶体学数据。
表1配合物的主要晶体学数据
Figure GDA0002364267980000024
Figure GDA0002364267980000031
R1＝∑(||Fo|-|Fc||)/∑|Fo| wR2＝[∑w(Fo 2-|Fc 2)2/∑w(Fo)2]1/2
所述有机配体构筑的多功能锌配合物的基本结构是一个单节点的三维的微孔钻石拓扑结构，锌离子为四配位的配位环境，每个锌离子分别与两个4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸配体中的羧基氧负离子、两个两个4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸配体中的两个氮原子配位，以锌离子作为四连接的节点，通过两个4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸配体中配体的桥联连接形成三维的钻石拓扑结构。上述四个相同独立的钻石拓扑结构通过相互穿插，最终形成了一个三维四重穿插的微孔结构。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明获得以4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)为配体，锌为中心离子的具有单节点、三维钻石拓扑结构的配合物，即4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸锌配合物[Zn(MIBA)2]n(1)(HMIBA为负一价阴离子配体4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸)。该配合物在370℃仍能稳定存在，具有很好的热稳定性，另外本发明配合物在240nm处激发，在392nm处得到一个发射峰，强度达到具有强而稳定的荧光性能。可作为特殊的耐高温荧光材料使用。本发明采用一锅溶剂热反应即可以制备出多功能有机配体调控的锌配合物，该制备方法具有过程简单，操作方便，产率高和可重现性好等优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例制备的4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)构筑的锌配合物中锌的配位环境图。
图2为本发明实施例制备的4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)构筑的锌配合物三维空间结构图。
图3为本发明实施例制备的4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)构筑的锌配合物四重穿插结构图。
图4为本发明实施例制备的4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)构筑的锌配合物粉末X-射线衍射图。
图5为本发明实施例制备的4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)构筑的锌配合物热重曲线图。
图6为本发明实施例制备的4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)构筑的锌配合物对二氧化碳气体的吸附图
图7为本发明实施例制备的4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA)构筑的锌配合物固态荧光光谱。
具体实施方式
以下实施例旨在进一步说明本发明内容，而不是限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明晶体分子式为[Zn(MIBA)2]n，中，HMIBA为具有式1所示结构的负一价阴离子配体4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸，属于正交晶系，P4nc空间群，晶胞参数
Figure GDA0002364267980000041
β＝90°。采用溶剂热反应合成了该晶体材料，它是通锌离子作为一个四连接的节点，通过桥联配体4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸的桥联连接形成了三维四重穿插的微孔结构。
实施例1
将4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(20.2mg，0.1mmol)、氢氧化钾(5.6mg，0.1mmol)和硝酸锌(23.6mg，0.1mmol)溶于水中，封入的反应釜中，以每小时10℃的速率加热至110℃，维持此温度3天，然后自然降温至室温，用DMF洗涤，经滤纸过滤后即可得到无色块状晶体，获得的晶体产品放置在80℃烘箱中恒温3小时，得到目标产物产率约65％。主要的红外吸收峰为3435(m),3121(m),1618(s),1528(m),1373(s),1122(m)，1072(m),845(m),774(m).
取实施例1制得的混合有机配体调控的锌配合物进一步表征，其过程如下：
(1)配合物的晶体结构测定
在显微镜下选取合适尺寸为0.32mm×0.30mm×0.28mm的晶体在室温下进行X射线单晶衍射实验。使用经过石墨单色化Mo-Kα射线
Figure GDA0002364267980000044
Figure GDA0002364267980000043
为入射辐射，以ω-2θ扫描方式收集衍射点，经过最小二乘法修正得到晶胞参数，从差值傅立叶电子密度图利用软件解出单晶数据表配合物的晶体学数据。
详细的晶体测定数据见表1，重要的键长和键角数据见2，晶体结构见图1，图2和图3。
表1配合物的主要晶体学数据
Figure GDA0002364267980000042
Figure GDA0002364267980000051
R1＝∑(||Fo|-|Fc||)/∑|Fo| wR2＝[∑w(Fo 2-|Fc 2)2/∑w(Fo)2]1/2
表2重要的键长
Figure GDA0002364267980000052
和键角(°)
Figure GDA0002364267980000053
#1-x+1,-y,-z；#2-x+1,-y+1,-z；
(2)配合物的相纯度表征
配合物的粉末XRD表征显示其具有可靠的相纯度，为其作为荧光材料的应用提供了保证，见图4(仪器型号：Bruker/8Advance)。
(3)配合物的热稳定性表征
配合物的热重分析表征显示其骨架直到370℃左右仍保持稳定，具有较好的热稳定性，为其作为应用材料进一步开发提供了热稳定性保证，见图5。(仪器型号：SDT Q600)
(4)气体吸附性能研究
低温273K从吸附实验可用来说明微孔材料的吸附性质。称取约0.25g的合成样品，研磨后将其置于约80℃烘箱中恒温3小时，让其失去晶体表现吸附的水，随后转移至物理吸附仪样品管中，精确测得样品质量为0.2547g，将样品管转移至工作站，通过测定一系列二氧化碳气体比压P/Po下样品吸附二氧化碳量可绘制出二氧化碳等温吸附曲线，用仪器自带的软件处理数据,记录下样品对二氧化碳的最大存储值为57.8342cm3/g。见图6。
(5)配合物的固体荧光性能研究
荧光实验：将固体样品研磨制片后放于荧光分光光度计样品池中，由光源氛弧灯发出的光通过切光器使其变成断续的光，随后经激发光单色器变成单色光后作为荧光物质的激发光，当测绘荧光发射光谱时，将激发光单色器的光栅固定在激发光波长为240nm处，记录下发射光谱，从图7中可以看出，在390nm波长处荧光强度最大，这便是样品的最佳发射波长。当测绘荧光激发光谱时，将荧光单色器的光栅固定在390nm波长处，记录下激发光谱，激发光谱的最大强度出现在波长为240nm处。这样样品的最佳发射波长和激发波长能够很好的对应起来，进一步说明了合成样品具有荧光性质。见图7。(仪器型号：HITACHI/F-4600)。
实施例2
将4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(40.4mg，0.2mmol)、氢氧化钾(11.2mg，0.2mmol)和硝酸锌(35.2mg，0.15mmol)溶于10mL DMF溶液中，将上述混合溶液装入内衬为聚四氟乙烯的反应釜中，以每小时6℃的速率加热至120℃，维持此温度3天，然后自然降温至室温，即可得到无色块状晶体，用去DMF冲洗晶体，通过减压过滤得到目标晶体产品，将目标产品放置于80℃的烘箱中恒温3个小时。最后，得到目标产物产率约75％。
实施例3
将4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(20.2mg，0.1mmol)、氢氧化钠(11.2mg，0.2mmol)和硝酸锌(35.2mg，0.15mmol)溶于10mL DMF溶液中，将上述混合溶液装入内衬为聚四氟乙烯的反应釜中，以每小时10℃的速率加热至130℃，维持此温度3天，然后自然降温至室温，即可得到无色块状晶体，用DMF冲洗晶体，通过减压过滤得到目标晶体产品，将目标产品放置与80℃的烘箱中恒温3个小时。最后，得到目标产物产率约67％。
实施例4
将4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(20.2mg，0.1mmol)、氢氧化钠(5.6mg，0.1mmol)和氯化锌(22.8mg，0.1mmol)溶于10mL DMF中，将上述混合溶液装入内衬为聚四氟乙烯的反应釜中，以每小时10℃的速率加热至120℃，维持此温度3天，然后自然降温至室温，即可得到无色块状晶体，将该晶体分离出来，依次经过DMF洗涤、真空干燥处理，得到目标产物产率约58％。

Claims (3)

1.一种基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物，其特征在于：配合物为具有单节点三维四重穿插的钻石拓扑结构,化学表达式为[Zn(MIBA)2]n,其中，MIBA为具有式1所示结构的负一价阴离子配体4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸；
Figure FDA0002451337720000011
式1；
所述配合物属于正交晶系,空间群为P4nc,晶胞参数为a＝14.1883(6)，b＝14.1868(6)，c＝13.5156(8),α＝β＝γ＝90.00,
Figure FDA0002451337720000012
2.一种权利要求1所述的基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物的制备方法，其特征在于：将4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸(HMIBA),无机碱和二价锌盐按摩尔比0.0001-0.0004:0.0001-0.0002:0.0001-0.0003的比例混合，混合后溶于过量的DMF中得到混合溶液，所述混合溶液于密封的高压反应釜中以每小时6-10℃的升温速率升高到100-130℃的温度环境下进行溶剂热反应72-96h，溶剂热反应完成后，自然冷却析出晶体,经去离子水洗涤干燥后，即得配合物；
所述无机碱为氢氧化钾；二价锌盐为六水硝酸锌。
3.一种权利要求1所述的基于4-(2-甲基咪唑)苯甲酸构筑的锌配合物的应用，其特征在于：所述配合物在气体吸附或荧光材料中的应用。
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