CN107283588B - A kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107283588B CN107283588B CN201710528005.5A CN201710528005A CN107283588B CN 107283588 B CN107283588 B CN 107283588B CN 201710528005 A CN201710528005 A CN 201710528005A CN 107283588 B CN107283588 B CN 107283588B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/44—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from other materials only if the material is essential
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to rail material technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material.The present invention passes through to bentonite, mica and titanium dioxide carry out mixing and ball milling, and in dispersion and modification liquid, pass through high-speed stirred, the wood fibre cell interior for making its uniform wadding warp enzymolysis processing forms adequately inflation and filling in wood fibre cell interior, to realize the effect of physical shielding ultraviolet light, the penetrance of ultraviolet light in wood is effectively reduced, improves anti-aging property of the wooden material under ultraviolet light environments；Simultaneously by carrying out hot-pressing processing to wooden material, due to high temperature and enzymolysis processing, it is fully hydrolyzed the fiber of Timber residuals, simultaneously because internal fiber element cell fills filler, thickness swelling rate is effectively reduced, the extra internal stress of material internal is released, so that making the ageing-resistant performance of sleeper composite material substantially enhances.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rail material technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material.
Background technique
Due to the fast development of global economy and the development need of new material, the research of sleeper has no longer been only
It resting on traditional sleeper and armored concrete pillow is upper, more and more new technologies, advanced composite material (ACM) continuously emerge, and this it
In, composite wooden material is increasingly accepted by people, and environment is more and more wide in range in one's power for applied field, and what is come one after another is new
Challenge.And it is also more and more for the research of composite wooden material in recent years, and due to the influence of outside climatic condition, aging
Performance is a very important test for composite wooden material performance, essentially consists in this often and decides the use of the material
Service life.This research for also just promoting more scientific workers further to composite wooden material ageing-resistant performance adds simultaneously
The fast paces of research.Accelerated aging tests become important research direction, according to composite wooden material by Various Seasonal gas
Wait the variation influenced, include high/low temperature variation, intermittent drizzles in the rainy season it, thunderstorm and the natural situation such as snow, can use frost, immersion,
The conditions such as dry, steam-injection and ultraviolet irradiation carry out simulated experiment.Analyze natural weathering under the conditions of and accelerated ageing conditions
Under as a result, the rule changed therewith for composite wooden material performance indexes studied and different condition under it is right
The influence of composite wooden material performance.
Due to the critical shortage of China's timber resources, a kind of sleeper composite material is developed to replace timber imperative, and
Timber residuals are due to abundance, the problem of on the one hand alleviating domestic timber resource shortage, improve the practical benefit of timber
With rate, on the other hand becomes and give up to use the waste resource not being fully used to greatest extent, novel rail is made
Rest the head on composite material, while can reach or higher than traditional sleeper and reinforced concrete sleeper every technical performance index.It is resistance to
An important Performance Evaluating Indexes of the ageing properties as Novel sleeper composite material undoubtedly have important research significance,
There is directive function for the production of Novel sleeper composite material, also has to the scientific development of Timber residuals material and promote
Effect.Therefore, the aging research of Novel sleeper composite material is significant.
Summary of the invention
Present invention mainly solves the technical issues of: for existing sleeper composite material anti-aging property it is lower, be unable to satisfy
The problem of demand of existing sleeper material, provides a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
(1) according to parts by weight, 45~50 parts of bentonites, 35~40 parts of mica powders and 10~15 parts of titanium dioxides are weighed respectively
Ball milling, be sieved to obtain mixing and ball milling powder；
(2) mixing and ball milling powder and 5% aluminum sulfate solution of mass fraction are stirred by 1:10 in mass ratio, then ultrasound
Dispersion, obtains dispersion liquid, in mass ratio 1:1, by moso bamboo and cotton wood co-grinding, composite fibre of being sieved to obtain；
(3) 1:10 in mass ratio mixes composite fibre with deionized water, fiber mixed liquor is dispersed with stirring to obtain, by volume
Than 1:20, hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise in fiber mixed liquor, is stirred to obtain modification liquid, then zytase is added to modification liquid
In, enzymolysis processing must digest mixed liquor；
(4) dispersion liquid mix with enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor, stirs and dissociate to obtain dissociation solution, by volume 1:1 by 1:1 by volume,
Dissociation solution is mixed with styrene-butadiene emulsion, after stirring 3~5h, still aging 1~2h filters to obtain filter cake, and washing, drying obtain drying
Modified wood fibre；
(5) dry modified wood fibre is dipped in phenolic resin 2130 by 1:5 in mass ratio, and filter is filtered to obtain after immersion
Slag, drying are placed in mold, and hot-pressing processing stands cold pressing treatment after solidification, continues 6~8h of standing, can be prepared into one kind
Anti-aging sleeper composite material.
Hydrogen peroxide described in step (3) is the hydrogen peroxide of mass fraction 5%.
Zytase additive amount described in step (3) is 20U/g.
Enzymolysis processing condition described in step (3) is that 25~30min of heating water bath, is then added dropwise quality at 50~55 DEG C
5% sodium hydroxide solution of score is 8.0 to pH, is stirred 2~3h.
Styrene-butadiene emulsion described in step (4) is the styrene-butadiene emulsion that combinated styrene content amount is 35~45%.
Autoclaving conditions described in step (5) are the hot-pressing processing at 1~5MPa, 75~80 DEG C.
Cold pressing treatment condition described in step (5) is, at 5~8MPa, is cold-pressed 3~5h.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention is by carrying out mixing and ball milling to bentonite, mica and titanium dioxide, and disperses to pass through with modification liquid
High-speed stirred makes the wood fibre cell interior of its uniform wadding warp enzymolysis processing, is formed sufficiently in wood fibre cell interior
Inflation and filling the penetrance of ultraviolet light in wood is effectively reduced to realize the effect of physical shielding ultraviolet light, improve
Anti-aging property of the wooden material under ultraviolet light environments；
(2) present invention makes Timber residuals due to high temperature and enzymolysis processing by carrying out hot-pressing processing to wooden material
Fiber is fully hydrolyzed, simultaneously because internal fiber element cell fills filler, thickness swelling rate is effectively reduced, releases
The extra internal stress of material internal, so that making the ageing-resistant performance of sleeper composite material substantially enhances.
Specific embodiment
According to parts by weight, 45~50 parts of bentonites, 35~40 parts of mica powders and 10~15 parts of titanium dioxides are weighed respectively to set
In ball grinder, at 250~300r/min after 3~5h of ball milling, crosses 500 meshes and obtains mixing and ball milling powder, in mass ratio 1:10,
Mixing and ball milling powder and 5% aluminum sulfate solution of mass fraction are stirred, 10~15min of ultrasonic disperse at 200~300W,
Obtain dispersion liquid；Moso bamboo is mixed simultaneously air-flow crushing by 1:1 in mass ratio with cotton wood, is crossed 50 meshes and is obtained composite fibre, by quality
Than 1:10, composite fibre is mixed with deionized water, fiber mixed liquor is dispersed with stirring to obtain, by volume 1:20, by mass fraction
5% hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise in fiber mixed liquor, after being stirred 20~25min, obtains modification liquid, then press enzyme dosage 20U/g, will be wooden
Dextranase is added in modification liquid, 25~30min of heating water bath at 50~55 DEG C, and 5% hydroxide of mass fraction is then added dropwise
Sodium solution is 8.0 to pH, after being stirred 2~3h, obtains enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor；1:1 by volume, by dispersion liquid and enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor
Mixing obtains dissociation solution, by volume 1:1, will solve under 1000~1500r/min agitating device after 25~30min of stirring dissociation
Chaotropic is mixed with the styrene-butadiene emulsion that combinated styrene content amount is 35~45%, after continuing 3~5h of stirring, still aging 1~2h, and filtering
Filter cake is obtained, after being rinsed 3~5 times with deionized water, dries at 100~110 DEG C to constant weight, obtains dry modified wood fibre, press
Dry modified wood fibre is dipped in phenolic resin 2130, filter residue is filtered to obtain after impregnating 6~8h, by filter residue by mass ratio 1:5
Vacuum drying is placed in mold, and hot pressing after the completion of hot pressing, is stood solid to a thickness of 25mm at 1~5MPa, 75~80 DEG C
Change is placed under 5~8MPa, is cold-pressed 3~5h, after then standing 6~8h, can be prepared into a kind of anti-aging sleeper composite material.
Example 1
According to parts by weight, 45 parts of bentonites, 35 parts of mica powders and 10 parts of titanium dioxides are weighed respectively to be placed in ball grinder,
Under 250r/min after ball milling 3h, crosses 500 meshes and obtain mixing and ball milling powder, in mass ratio 1:10, by mixing and ball milling powder and quality
5% aluminum sulfate solution of score is stirred, and ultrasonic disperse 10min, obtains dispersion liquid at 200W；1:1 in mass ratio, by moso bamboo with
Cotton wood mixing and air-flow crushing cross 50 meshes and obtain composite fibre, in mass ratio 1:10, composite fibre and deionized water are mixed
It closes, is dispersed with stirring to obtain fiber mixed liquor, by volume 1:20,5% hydrogen peroxide of mass fraction is added dropwise in fiber mixed liquor, is stirred
After mixing mixing 20min, modification liquid is obtained, then press enzyme dosage 20U/g, zytase is added in modification liquid, the water-bath at 50 DEG C
25min is heated, it is 8.0 that 5% sodium hydroxide solution of mass fraction, which is then added dropwise, to pH, after being stirred 2h, obtains enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor；
Dispersion liquid is mixed with enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor, under 1000r/min agitating device after stirring dissociation 25min, is obtained by 1:1 by volume
Dissociation solution, 1:1, dissociation solution is mixed with the styrene-butadiene emulsion that combinated styrene content amount is 35%, is continued after stirring 3h by volume, quiet
Ageing 1h is set, filter cake is filtered to obtain, after being rinsed 3 times with deionized water, is dried at 100 DEG C to constant weight, modified wooden fibre must be dried
Dry modified wood fibre is dipped in phenolic resin 2130, filters to obtain filter residue after impregnating 6h, will filter by dimension, in mass ratio 1:5
Slag vacuum drying is placed in mold, and hot pressing after the completion of hot pressing, stands solidification simultaneously to a thickness of 25mm at 1MPa, 75 DEG C
It is placed under 5MPa, a kind of anti-aging sleeper composite material can be prepared into after then standing 6h by being cold-pressed 3h.
Example 2
According to parts by weight, 47 parts of bentonites, 37 parts of mica powders and 12 parts of titanium dioxides are weighed respectively to be placed in ball grinder,
Under 275r/min after ball milling 4h, crosses 500 meshes and obtain mixing and ball milling powder, in mass ratio 1:10, by mixing and ball milling powder and quality
5% aluminum sulfate solution of score is stirred, and ultrasonic disperse 12min, obtains dispersion liquid at 250W；1:1 in mass ratio, by moso bamboo with
Cotton wood mixing and air-flow crushing cross 50 meshes and obtain composite fibre, in mass ratio 1:10, composite fibre and deionized water are mixed
It closes, is dispersed with stirring to obtain fiber mixed liquor, by volume 1:20,5% hydrogen peroxide of mass fraction is added dropwise in fiber mixed liquor, is stirred
After mixing mixing 22min, modification liquid is obtained, then press enzyme dosage 20U/g, zytase is added in modification liquid, the water-bath at 52 DEG C
27min is heated, it is 8.0 that 5% sodium hydroxide solution of mass fraction, which is then added dropwise, to pH, after being stirred 3h, obtains enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor；
Dispersion liquid is mixed with enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor, under 1250r/min agitating device after stirring dissociation 27min, is obtained by 1:1 by volume
Dissociation solution, 1:1, dissociation solution is mixed with the styrene-butadiene emulsion that combinated styrene content amount is 40%, is continued after stirring 4h by volume, quiet
Ageing 2h is set, filter cake is filtered to obtain, after being rinsed 4 times with deionized water, is dried at 105 DEG C to constant weight, modified wooden fibre must be dried
Dry modified wood fibre is dipped in phenolic resin 2130, filters to obtain filter residue after impregnating 7h, will filter by dimension, in mass ratio 1:5
Slag vacuum drying is placed in mold, and hot pressing after the completion of hot pressing, stands solidification simultaneously to a thickness of 25mm at 2MPa, 77 DEG C
It is placed under 7MPa, a kind of anti-aging sleeper composite material can be prepared into after then standing 7h by being cold-pressed 4h.
Example 3
According to parts by weight, 50 parts of bentonites, 40 parts of mica powders and 15 parts of titanium dioxides are weighed respectively to be placed in ball grinder,
Under 300r/min after ball milling 5h, crosses 500 meshes and obtain mixing and ball milling powder, in mass ratio 1:10, by mixing and ball milling powder and quality
5% aluminum sulfate solution of score is stirred, and ultrasonic disperse 15min, obtains dispersion liquid at 300W；1:1 in mass ratio, by moso bamboo with
Cotton wood mixing and air-flow crushing cross 50 meshes and obtain composite fibre, in mass ratio 1:10, composite fibre and deionized water are mixed
It closes, is dispersed with stirring to obtain fiber mixed liquor, by volume 1:20,5% hydrogen peroxide of mass fraction is added dropwise in fiber mixed liquor, is stirred
After mixing mixing 25min, modification liquid is obtained, then press enzyme dosage 20U/g, zytase is added in modification liquid, the water-bath at 55 DEG C
30min is heated, it is 8.0 that 5% sodium hydroxide solution of mass fraction, which is then added dropwise, to pH, after being stirred 3h, obtains enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor；
Dispersion liquid is mixed with enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor, under 1500r/min agitating device after stirring dissociation 30min, is obtained by 1:1 by volume
Dissociation solution, 1:1, dissociation solution is mixed with the styrene-butadiene emulsion that combinated styrene content amount is 45%, is continued after stirring 5h by volume, quiet
Ageing 2h is set, filter cake is filtered to obtain, after being rinsed 5 times with deionized water, is dried at 110 DEG C to constant weight, modified wooden fibre must be dried
Dry modified wood fibre is dipped in phenolic resin 2130, filters to obtain filter residue after impregnating 8h, will filter by dimension, in mass ratio 1:5
Slag vacuum drying is placed in mold, and hot pressing after the completion of hot pressing, stands solidification simultaneously to a thickness of 25mm at 5MPa, 80 DEG C
It is placed under 8MPa, a kind of anti-aging sleeper composite material can be prepared into after then standing 8h by being cold-pressed 5h.
The railroad sleeper that Jining of Shandong Province company is produced, sleeper size executes GB154-84 sleeper standard, with the present invention
Sleeper material prepared by example 1,2,3 carries out performance comparison, in the case where temperature is 60 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, humidity is 50% ± 3% environment,
Exposure 12h is recycled, wherein 8h is illumination, 0.25h is spray, 3.75h is dark high humidity environment, carries out aging process, specific right
Following table table 1 for example than parameter.
1 sleeper composite property contrast table of table
As seen from the above table, the sleeper composite material of technical solution of the present invention preparation has excellent anti-aging property.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material, it is characterised in that specific preparation step are as follows:
(1) according to parts by weight, 45~50 parts of bentonites, 35~40 parts of mica powders and 10~15 parts of titanium white spheres of powder are weighed respectively
It grinds, be sieved to obtain mixing and ball milling powder；
(2) mixing and ball milling powder and 5% aluminum sulfate solution of mass fraction are stirred, re-ultrasonic dispersion by 1:10 in mass ratio,
Dispersion liquid, 1:1 in mass ratio, by moso bamboo and cotton wood co-grinding, composite fibre of being sieved to obtain；
(3) 1:10 in mass ratio mixes composite fibre with deionized water, is dispersed with stirring to obtain fiber mixed liquor, and by volume 1:
20, hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise in fiber mixed liquor, is stirred to obtain modification liquid, then zytase is added in modification liquid, enzyme
Solution handles to obtain enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor；
(4) dispersion liquid mix with enzymatic hydrolysis mixed liquor, stirs and dissociate to obtain dissociation solution, 1:1, will solve by volume by 1:1 by volume
Chaotropic is mixed with styrene-butadiene emulsion, and after stirring 3~5h, still aging 1~2h filters to obtain filter cake, and washing, drying obtain dry modification
Wood fibre；
(5) dry modified wood fibre is dipped in phenolic resin 2130, filter residue is filtered to obtain after immersion, does by 1:5 in mass ratio
Dry to be placed in mold, hot-pressing processing stands cold pressing treatment after solidification, continues 6~8h of standing, can be prepared into a kind of anti-aging
Sleeper composite material.
2. a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3)
The hydrogen peroxide is the hydrogen peroxide of mass fraction 5%.
3. a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3)
The zytase additive amount is 20U/g.
4. a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3)
The enzymolysis processing condition is 25~30min of heating water bath at 50~55 DEG C, and 5% sodium hydroxide of mass fraction is then added dropwise
Solution is 8.0 to pH, is stirred 2~3h.
5. a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (4)
The styrene-butadiene emulsion is the styrene-butadiene emulsion that combinated styrene content amount is 35~45%.
6. a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (5)
The autoclaving conditions are the hot-pressing processing at 1~5MPa, 75~80 DEG C.
7. a kind of preparation method of anti-aging sleeper composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (5)
The cold pressing treatment condition is, at 5~8MPa, is cold-pressed 3~5h.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107903645A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-13 | 江苏华友装饰工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of weather-proof antiglare shield |
| CN108442209A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-24 | 常州五荣化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of stamp type plastic cement race track |
| CN109747008B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-10-16 | 湖南桃花江竹材科技股份有限公司 | Bamboo sleeper formed by assembling and preparation method thereof |
| CN114149226B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-08-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Wood nano-cellulose modified cemented filling material for deep structure filling and preparation method thereof |
| CN114350169B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-02-28 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of formaldehyde-free high-strength electromagnetic shielding wood fiber composite material |
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| CN101712179A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-26 | 南京林业大学 | Manufacturing method of cold plasma modified cellulolytic enzyme lignin/plant fiber composite material |
| CN102744753A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | 东北林业大学 | Preparation method of phenol-formaldehyde resin based composite material sleeper |
| CN103254625A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-08-21 | 青岛永卓真塑料制品有限公司 | Manufacturing process for modified bamboo fiber used for nylon |
| CN104762851A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-08 | 上海高铁电气科技有限公司 | Composite sleeper with insulation skirt edges |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101712179A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-26 | 南京林业大学 | Manufacturing method of cold plasma modified cellulolytic enzyme lignin/plant fiber composite material |
| CN102744753A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | 东北林业大学 | Preparation method of phenol-formaldehyde resin based composite material sleeper |
| CN103254625A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-08-21 | 青岛永卓真塑料制品有限公司 | Manufacturing process for modified bamboo fiber used for nylon |
| CN104762851A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-08 | 上海高铁电气科技有限公司 | Composite sleeper with insulation skirt edges |
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