CN107281194A - 一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物 - Google Patents
一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107281194A CN107281194A CN201710497652.4A CN201710497652A CN107281194A CN 107281194 A CN107281194 A CN 107281194A CN 201710497652 A CN201710497652 A CN 201710497652A CN 107281194 A CN107281194 A CN 107281194A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/65—Tetracyclines
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- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/401—Proline; Derivatives thereof, e.g. captopril
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Epidemiology (AREA)
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Abstract
一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述复方药物由第一活性成分、第二活性成分和可以作为饵料的赋形剂组成,所述第一活性成分与第二活性成分的质量比为1:1~3,所述第二活性成分由重量百分比14%~16%的门冬氨酸,重量百分比14%~16%的丙氨酸,重量百分比5%~7%的精氨酸、重量百分比5%~7%的甲硫氨酸,重量百分比2%‑3%的组氨酸、重量百分比2%‑3%的丝氨酸、重量百分比2%‑3%的脯氨酸、重量百分比2%~4%的焦磷酸钠和余量甘氨酸组成。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产药物,具体的说涉及一种鱼药。
背景技术
在高密度水产养殖时,为了对水体消毒,以及预防及治疗鱼只的细菌感染不可避免的要使用抗生素。而土霉素既可以作为水体抑菌剂,又可以加入饵料中因此得到了较为广泛的应用,但是作为四环素类抗生素的土霉素在人体摄入后会产生“”四环素牙”等难以治愈的问题,现有水产养殖技术中,在应用土霉素时一般需要长达30d的休药期才能使其在水产品体内的残留降至100μg/kg以下,造成土霉素在水产养殖应用存在着较为严重的限制,也容易对水产品消费者造成健康隐患,因此提供一种能够降低土霉素在水产品体内残留的用于鱼类养殖的复方药物成为现有技术中亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
为解决前述技术问题,本发明提供了一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述复方药物由第一活性成分、第二活性成分和可以作为饵料的赋形剂组成,所述第一活性成分与第二活性成分的质量比为1:1~3,所述第二活性成分由重量百分比14%~16%的门冬氨酸,重量百分比14%~16%的丙氨酸,重量百分比5%~7%的精氨酸、重量百分比5%~7%的甲硫氨酸,重量百分比2%-3%的组氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的丝氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的脯氨酸、重量百分比2%~4%的焦磷酸钠和余量甘氨酸组成。
所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述第二活性成分所述第二活性成分由重量百分比15%的门冬氨酸,重量百分比15%的丙氨酸,重量百分比6%的精氨酸、重量百分比6%的甲硫氨酸,重量百分比2%-3%的组氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的丝氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的脯氨酸、重量百分比3%的焦磷酸钠和余量甘氨酸组成。
所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述第一活性成分与第二活性成分的质量比为1:1.6~2.4。
所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述可用于制作饵料的辅料选自鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕、棉粕、菜籽粕、豆油、预混料、面粉、米糠、麸皮、麦饭石中的一种或几种。
所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述复方药物用于鲤科的淡水鱼的养殖。
所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述鲤科的淡水鱼选自青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼、鲤鱼、鲫鱼、罗非鱼。
本发明提供的用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,通过优选第一活性成分与第二活性成分的之间的配比及第二活性成分中各氨基酸与焦磷酸钠配比,意外的发现将活性成分与常规的可以用于制作饵料的赋形剂混合对水产养殖鱼类进行饲喂给药时,除了可以正常发挥土霉素的抗生素作用外,还能够显著的降低鱼只体内的土霉素残留,在土霉素给药结束后单独给予含有第二活性成分的饵料时,则可以进一步提高土霉素在鱼只体内的代谢速度,从而可以大幅度减少土霉素复方药物在应用于水产养殖时的休药期。解决了现有技术的问题,尤其是在第二活性成分中的焦磷酸钠,虽然常规一般作为稳定剂使用,但在本发明提供的复方药物中,加入焦磷酸钠可以显著增加其提高土霉素代谢速度的效果,且在进行配方优选时,我们还发现采用本发明优选的配方时其效果更为明显。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的一种用于水产养殖的复方药物组合物,以如下方法配制,
1)将作为第一活性活性成分的土霉素、第二活性成分与可以作为饵料的赋形剂混合
2)将步骤1)的混合物中加水混匀后压制成条状干燥后即得本发明的复方药物。
本具体实施方式中采用的可以作为饵料的赋形剂配方为:
鱼粉8%,豆粕13%,花生粕18.8%,棉粕13%,菜籽粕13%,豆油4%,预混料1%,面粉13%,米糠7%,麸皮8%,麦饭石1.2%(以上百分比为饵料中各组分占饵料的重量百分比)
所述预混料采用北京博达生物饲料有限公司生产的鲤鱼1%预混料,每g预混料含有以下营养成分:
维生素A≥400IU,维生素D3100~300IU,维生素E≥7mg,维生素K3≥0.2mg,维生素B1≥0.3mg、维生素B2≥0.5mg、维生素B6≥0.22mg,烟酰胺≥2.5mg、泛酸钙≥2mg、叶酸≥0.2mg、维生素C≥8mg,肌醇≥7mg、铁8~75mg、铜0.875~2.5mg、锌7~20mg、锰2~10mg、碘≥0.03mg、硒0.01~0.05mg,钴0.01~0.2mg。
实施例1~6的配方如下
对比例1~6,分别与实施例1~6配方相同,但不加入土霉素
药理实施例
采用健康的幼年鲤鱼,初始体重14.71±0.47g,分为实验组1~6及对照组,
实验组1~6分别投喂实施例1~6得到的复方药物组合物,对照组将可以作为饵料的赋形剂作为常规饵料进行投喂。
试验塘为86cm×56cm×48cm的塑料池,每池放养15尾鲤鱼,每组1池。饲喂方法为将制成的复方药物作为饵料每天投喂两次,时间分别为9:00和18:00,每次喂量约为鱼体重的3%,折合土霉素给药量为60mh/kg体重,投喂时间为5d,实验结束后每池随机取5尾试验鱼,对其进行体内土霉素残留量检测,然后对实验组1~6继续饲喂无土霉素的对比例组合物,对照组继续只喂常规饵料,持续5d后每组再随机取5尾试验用鱼进行体内土霉素残留量检测,以实验组饲养5d后对照组鱼只的体内土霉素平均残留量为100,实验组1~6中土霉素残留量结果如下表。
编号 | 实验组1 | 实验组2 | 实验组3 | 实验组4 | 实验组5 | 实验组6 | 对照组 |
5d残留量 | 35 | 38 | 39 | 37 | 32 | 28 | 100 |
10d残留量 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 1.89 |
由此可见,采用本发明的复方药物,可以显著减少土霉素在鱼只体内的残留,而且在停药后进一步饲喂只有复合氨基酸和饵料的对比例时,也能显著提高土霉素的代谢率。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述复方药物由第一活性成分、第二活性成分和可以作为饵料的赋形剂组成,所述第一活性成分与第二活性成分的质量比为1:1~3,所述第二活性成分由重量百分比14%~16%的门冬氨酸,重量百分比14%~16%的丙氨酸,重量百分比5%~7%的精氨酸、重量百分比5%~7%的甲硫氨酸,重量百分比2%-3%的组氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的丝氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的脯氨酸、重量百分比2%~4%的焦磷酸钠和余量甘氨酸组成。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述所述第二活性成分由重量百分比15%的门冬氨酸,重量百分比15%的丙氨酸,重量百分比6%的精氨酸、重量百分比6%的甲硫氨酸,重量百分比2%-3%的组氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的丝氨酸、重量百分比2%-3%的脯氨酸、重量百分比3%的焦磷酸钠和余量甘氨酸组成。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述第一活性成分与第二活性成分的质量比为1:1.6~2.4。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种用于鱼类养殖的复方药物,其特征是所述可用于制作饵料的辅料选自鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕、棉粕、菜籽粕、豆油、预混料、面粉、米糠、麸皮、麦饭石中的一种或几种。
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