CN107276449B - Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer - Google Patents
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107276449B CN107276449B CN201710422191.4A CN201710422191A CN107276449B CN 107276449 B CN107276449 B CN 107276449B CN 201710422191 A CN201710422191 A CN 201710422191A CN 107276449 B CN107276449 B CN 107276449B
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- 229920001746 electroactive polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920002595 Dielectric elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 22
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-n-(methoxymethyl)acetamide;2,6-dinitro-n,n-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl.CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/002—Electrostatic motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer that the invention discloses a kind of, by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular array, which is made of bone and several tendons respectively.Tendon is made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, is a Sandwich structure, wherein sandwich material is dielectric elastomer, and two sides are flexible electrode, and the Young's modulus of bone is bigger than tendon materials.The flexible electrode of tendon two sides is connect with the positive and negative anodes of high-voltage DC power supply respectively, and voltage and access open-circuit condition are adjustable.Chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular is subjected to array, may make up chiral negative poisson's ratio structure.Since the machine performance and static state of dielectric type electroactive polymer intercouple, the functions such as structure real-time variable, actuating, energy regenerating and the sensing of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure are realized in the mutual conversion being able to achieve between mechanical energy and electric energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure more particularly to a kind of hands based on dielectric type electroactive polymer
Property negative poisson's ratio structure.
Background technique
Negative poisson's ratio (Negative Poisson ' s Ratio, NPR) structure is a kind of new with unique mechanical properties
Lateral expansion can occur for type structure rather than lateral contraction in tension, therefore material can more effectively bear load, structure
Rigidity also can non-linear increase as the load increases, therefore negative poisson's ratio structure can be more fully using material
Mechanical property.The mechanical property of negative poisson's ratio structure and the mechanical characteristic and structural parameters of used material are closely related, pass through
Certain material and parameter designing, negative poisson's ratio structure can have excellent energy absorbing efficiency and damping capacity simultaneously, certain
It can be realized simultaneously the effect of elastic element and damping element in degree.However when material and structural parameters determine, negative Poisson
The basic mechanical performances such as rigidity, damping than structure also determine therewith, can not meet simultaneously under different loads and incentive action
Best performance.Such as when being applied to energy-absorbing and vibration-proof structure, if the load applied is smaller, the deformation of negative poisson's ratio structure is smaller
It is unable to reach biggish impulse stroke, so that peak force can not further decrease；And when load is larger, negative poisson's ratio structure
Deformation is very big and has been more than range, then structure is easy to happen failure.Therefore the energy-absorbing of negative poisson's ratio structure and damping
It can there is also the spaces further increased.And if the mechanical property real-time variable of negative poisson's ratio structure, in different loads
Under operating condition, the range of structure can be fully utilized, can utmostly reduce peak in the case where guaranteeing energy absorbing efficiency
It is worth power, therefore the negative poisson's ratio structure for designing a kind of mechanical property real-time variable is of great significance.
Electroactive polymer be it is a kind of can produce under electric field and voltage drive be significantly displaced and load change it is new
Type flexibility function material, in addition, its displacement and the change of load condition can also cause the significant changes of electric field and voltage, therefore electricity
Load, displacement, electric field and the voltage status of living polymer intercouple, and the change of any state will cause it
The variation of his some parameter state or certain several parameter state.Electroactive polymer can be divided mainly into ionic and electric field type two
Major class: ionic electroactive polymer is the conversion realized between electric energy and mechanical energy using chemical energy as transition, its advantage is that
Driving voltage is low and deformation is big, but responds the energy absorbing component low compared with slow and energy density, therefore, it is difficult to be suitable under dynamic operation condition.
Electric field type electroactive polymer can be further divided into piezo-electric type and dielectric type: piezo-electric type electroactive polymer material under electric field excitation
Material itself can generate electroluminescent stress, the conversion being directly realized by between electric energy and mechanical energy, but it is lower to deform smaller and efficiency；Dielectric
Type electroactive polymer realizes energy conversion by the statcoulomb power that two lateral electrodes generate under electric field excitation, its main feature is that ringing
Should it is fast, deformation big (maximum area strain is up to 380%), energy density is larger and energy conversion efficiency is very high (up to
90%) These characteristics, are based on, dielectric type electroactive polymer is generally also known as artificial muscle.Dielectric type electroactive polymer
Another advantage be that cost is cheap, therefore is expected to be widely used.Dielectric type electroactive polymer is primarily subjected to stretch
Load and varying less in thickness direction, therefore certain support construction is usually required when application is actuator, sensor
Its stretcher strain is changed into the movement along a certain axis.Dielectric type electroactive polymer is applied in negative poisson's ratio structure
It is then a kind of completely new thinking.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of based on Jie for defect involved in background technique
The chiral negative poisson's ratio structure of electric type electroactive polymer realizes chiral negative Poisson by the application of dielectric type electroactive polymer
Than structurally variable, make chiral negative poisson's ratio structure that there are different mechanical properties under different voltage drives, and can be simultaneously
Realize elastic element, damping element, sensor element, actuator component and the integrated, electronic of energy regenerating element, information
Change and intelligent.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, is formed by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular array；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and at least three tendons, and the bone is rounded, and each tendon is equal
For straightway；
One end of each tendon is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the bone, tangent line of the every tendon all in bone
On, and the other end of each tendon is in its clockwise direction for corresponding to point of contact or is in its side counterclockwise for corresponding to point of contact
To；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Each tendon is all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
As the present invention is based on the chiral further prioritization scheme of negative poisson's ratio structure of dielectric type electroactive polymer, institutes
Bone is stated to be made of any one in steel, alloy material, high molecular polymer, high tensile strength fibrous material.
As the present invention is based on the chiral further prioritization scheme of negative poisson's ratio structure of dielectric type electroactive polymer, institutes
Tendon is stated in Sandwich structure, sandwich material is dielectric elastomer, and sandwich material two sides are flexible electrode, and two sides flexible electrode
Young's modulus be less than dielectric elastomer Young's modulus.
As the present invention is based on the chiral further prioritization scheme of negative poisson's ratio structure of dielectric type electroactive polymer, institutes
Sandwich material is stated using one of polyurethane elastomer, silica gel or acrylate, two sides flexible electrode uses electrode carbon dust, silver
Cream, metallic film, carbon rouge, carbon nanotube, hydrogel electrolyte, graphene, any one in conductive elastomer.
As the present invention is based on the chiral further prioritization scheme of negative poisson's ratio structure of dielectric type electroactive polymer, institutes
The outer surface of the bone is arranged in the one end for stating each tendon by way of gluing.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure the invention also discloses another kind based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is negative by chirality
Poisson's ratio cellular array forms；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and several tendons；
The bone is in regular polygon, and the number of tendon is identical with the number on the vertex of regular polygon bone, and each flesh
Tendon is straightway；
The side of several tendons and regular polygon bone is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence；
Several tendons and its side for corresponding to regular polygon bone be in that same straight line, one end be equal and its correspondence just
Polygon bone while one end be connected, the other end be in its correspond to regular polygon bone while clockwise direction or locate
Counter clockwise direction in the side that it corresponds to regular polygon bone；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Several tendons are all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure the invention also discloses another kind based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is negative by chirality
Poisson's ratio cellular array forms；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and several tendons；
The bone is in emitting shape star, the bone section comprising at least three linear sections, and each bone section is in together
One plane, one end of every bone section is connected with the central point of bone, the other end stretches outwardly, and adjacent two bone sections it
Between angle be equal；
Several tendons are straightway, quantity bone section one identical with the quantity of the bone section and each
One is correspondingly arranged；
One end of several tendons corresponds to bone section with it respectively and is connected far from one end of bone central point, the other end
It is in its clockwise direction for corresponding to the one end of bone section far from bone central point or is in it and correspond to bone section far from bone
The counter clockwise direction of one end of bone central point；
Each tendon and its angle corresponded between bone section are equal；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Several tendons are all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
Dielectric type electroactive polymer is applied in negative poisson's ratio structure, on the one hand, due to the electroactive polymerization of dielectric type
Object can generate certain displacement or load change under electric field or voltage drive, therefore:
(1) when negative poisson's ratio structure is as passive components, displacement or the variation of load can significantly affect negative poisson's ratio knot
The structural parameters of structure, the mechanical property of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can according to load and excitation situation by different electric field and
Voltage drive carries out certain active control, to significantly improve negative poisson's ratio structure under different load and incentive action
Energy-absorbing, damping property；
(2) when negative poisson's ratio structure is as driving part, displacement or the variation of load can be as the energy of mechanical system
Amount output, to play the role of actuator.
On the other hand, certain electric field or electricity can be generated under displacement or load effect due to dielectric type electroactive polymer
Buckling, therefore:
(1) when negative poisson's ratio structure is as passive components, measurement dielectric type electroactive polymer two sides electricity can be passed through
The electric field and voltage change of pole calculate load condition, therefore chiral negative poisson's ratio structure itself can be used as sensor element；
(2) when negative poisson's ratio structure is as driving part, machine may be implemented by the collection to electric field and voltage change
The function of tool energy regenerating all has positive meaning for reducing energy loss, realization energy conservation and environmental protection etc..
Bone in cellular provides a support construction for dielectric type electroactive polymer, by cellular toward different directions
Duplication, enable to the electomechanical response of a cellular that can be periodically superimposed, to be able to satisfy the knot of more large scale
Structure requirement, and improve electromechanical conversion efficiency.
Under univariate input, chiral negative poisson's ratio structure mainly has mechanically deform, charging, Mechanical Driven and electric discharge
Deng four mutually independent electromechanical states, it can realize that energy-obsorbing and damping and sensing, variation rigidity variable damping, driving and energy return respectively
The functions such as receipts, this four states constitute an electromechanical circulation.During some specifically mechanically and electrically mutagens shape, chirality is negative
It is functional that Poisson's ratio structure can be achieved at the same time above-mentioned institute, and realizes multi-functional coupling.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the two-dimensional section schematic diagram of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural parameters schematic diagram of the two-dimensional section of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular in the present invention；
Fig. 4 (A), Fig. 4 (B) are the knot of the dielectric type electroactive polymer tendon materials in chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular respectively
Structure schematic diagram and electromechanical deformations schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is a kind of two-dimensional section and deformation schematic diagram of negative poisson's ratio structure of the invention chiral；
Fig. 6 is a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure of the invention；
Fig. 7 is second of form of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular bone in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the third form of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular bone in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons in the present invention；
Figure 10 is a kind of two kinds of connection types of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons in the present invention；
Figure 11 is a kind of negative Poisson of the corresponding two kinds of chiralitys of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons in the present invention
Compare structure；
Figure 12 is a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons in the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of two kinds of connection types of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons in the present invention；
Figure 14 is a kind of negative Poisson of the corresponding two kinds of chiralitys of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons in the present invention
Compare structure；
Figure 15 is the relationship of mechanical force and electric field force in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure；
Figure 16 is that chiral negative poisson's ratio structure becomes in the voltage and charge of the electromechanical circulation of typical case for being used as energy regenerating element
Change figure；
Figure 17 is energy variation figure of the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure in the electromechanical circulation of typical case for being used as energy regenerating element.
Specific embodiment
Dielectric type electroactive polymer is applied to the partial tendon in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure by the present invention, can be realized
The real-time variable of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure makes it have different mechanical properties under different voltage or electric field excitation, and
And can be achieved at the same time elastic element, damping element, sensor element, actuator component and energy regenerating element it is integrated,
Electronization, information-based and intelligence.
A specific embodiment of the invention is further detailed with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer that the invention discloses a kind of, by chiral negative Poisson
It is formed than cellular array；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and at least three tendons, and the bone is rounded, and each tendon is equal
For straightway；
One end of each tendon is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the bone, tangent line of the every tendon all in bone
On, and the other end of each tendon is in its clockwise direction for corresponding to point of contact or is in its side counterclockwise for corresponding to point of contact
To；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Each tendon is all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure the invention also discloses another kind based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is negative by chirality
Poisson's ratio cellular array forms；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and several tendons；
The bone is in regular polygon, and the number of tendon is identical with the number on the vertex of regular polygon bone, and each flesh
Tendon is straightway；
The side of several tendons and regular polygon bone is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence；
Several tendons and its side for corresponding to regular polygon bone be in that same straight line, one end be equal and its correspondence just
Polygon bone while one end be connected, the other end be in its correspond to regular polygon bone while clockwise direction or locate
Counter clockwise direction in the side that it corresponds to regular polygon bone；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Several tendons are all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure the invention also discloses another kind based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is negative by chirality
Poisson's ratio cellular array forms；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and several tendons；
The bone is in emitting shape star, the bone section comprising at least three linear sections, and each bone section is in together
One plane, one end of every bone section is connected with the central point of bone, the other end stretches outwardly, and adjacent two bone sections it
Between angle be equal；
Several tendons are straightway, quantity bone section one identical with the quantity of the bone section and each
One is correspondingly arranged；
One end of several tendons corresponds to bone section with it respectively and is connected far from one end of bone central point, the other end
It is in its clockwise direction for corresponding to the one end of bone section far from bone central point or is in it and correspond to bone section far from bone
The counter clockwise direction of one end of bone central point；
Each tendon and its angle corresponded between bone section are equal；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Several tendons are all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
Fig. 1 illustrates the two-dimensional section schematic diagram of the first chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, and bone 101 is rounded, six fleshes
Tendon is respectively six straightway region 102-107.Inside chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, tendon and bone are respectively in bone appearance
Face connection, and tendon is tangent with bone in junction, and connection type can be by the way of gluing.
The flexible electrode difference of the both side surface of partial tendon dielectric type electroactive polymer in chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
It is connect with the positive and negative anodes of high-voltage DC power supply 108-113, according to specific needs, the voltage of power supply can be adjusted, and can be connect
On-off opens the circuit.
Fig. 2 illustrates the structural parameters schematic diagram of the two-dimensional section of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, in which: bone with a thickness of
tα, tendon with a thickness of tβ；The radius of round bone is rα, the equivalent redius of tendon is rβ, which show each cellular occupancy
The size of area；The voltage of high-voltage DC power supply is respectively Φ1、Φ2、Φ3、Φ4、Φ5And Φ6。
Bone portion in chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular compares tendon due to playing structural support effect, Young's modulus
Young's modulus it is big, all kinds of steel, alloy material, high molecular polymer, all kinds of high tensile strength fibrous materials etc. can be used.
Fig. 3 illustrates a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, for the two dimension of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
Section stretches along the z-axis direction, and depth along the z-axis direction is L.301,302 and 303 constitute tendon layer in figure, wherein
301 and 303 be respectively the flexible electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer two sides, and 302 be Jie in dielectric type electroactive polymer
Electric elastomer, the DC power supply Φ with switch1The two poles of the earth are connected on 301 and 303.
The dielectric type electroactive polymer of the partial tendon of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular is a Sandwich structure, wherein sandwich
Material is dielectric elastomer, and two sides are flexible electrode, wherein Young's modulus of the Young's modulus of flexible electrode than dielectric elastomer
Much smaller, in the case where meeting above-mentioned condition, the material of dielectric elastomer and flexible electrode can be selected arbitrarily.
Fig. 4 (A) illustrates dielectric type electroactive polymer schematic diagram, is a Sandwich structure, and wherein sandwich material is to be situated between
The materials such as polyurethane elastomer, silica gel, acrylate can be used in electric elastomer.Upper and lower two sides are flexible electrode, and electrode can be used
The materials such as carbon dust, silver paste, metallic film, carbon rouge, carbon nanotube, hydrogel electrolyte, graphene and conductive elastomer.Dielectric type
Electroactive polymer is in original state, long L1, wide L2, thick T.The Young mould of flexible electrode in dielectric type electroactive polymer material
Amount should be more much smaller than dielectric elastomer, to reduce its influence to dielectric type electroactive polymer mechanical property.
Fig. 4 (B) illustrates the electromechanical deformations schematic diagram of dielectric type electroactive polymer, upper and lower two sides flexible electrode respectively with
One voltage is that the two poles of the earth of the high-voltage DC power supply of Φ are connected, and dielectric type electroactive polymer is similar to a capacitor, electric current at this time
Dielectric elastomer can not be passed through, therefore has accumulated ± Q charge respectively at the flexible electrode of two sides up and down, electrostatic effect is generated and is formed
Coulomb force is decreased to t to compress dielectric elastomer and be allowed to thickness, and length and width increases to l respectively1And l2, dielectric at this time
Stress of the type electroactive polymer in three directions is respectively P1、P2And P3.Φ, Q, P and t are to intercouple in the system
State parameter, the change of any state will affect other three state parameters.
Fig. 5 illustrates a kind of two-dimensional section and deformation schematic diagram of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, wherein chiral negative Poisson
The chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular number for including in the horizontal direction than structure is defined as lateral cellular number, i.e., cellular number in the x-direction；
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure is defined as longitudinal cellular number in the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular number that vertical direction includes, i.e., along the side y
To cellular number.The lateral cellular number of example is 7 in figure, and longitudinal cellular number is 7.When chiral negative poisson's ratio structure bears the direction y
Tensile load when, deformation can be expanded in the direction x, Negative poisson's ratio is presented.In order to which clearer displaying is chiral negative
Power-supply system is omitted in figure in Poisson's ratio structure.
In chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, the connection type of a certain cellular and its upper left side cellular are as follows: 102 upper lefts Duan Yuqi
105 sections of side cellular are connected directly, and are the different zones of one integral piece of material.The connection type phase of the cellular and its lower right side cellular
Together.
In chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, the connection type of a certain cellular and its upper right side cellular are as follows: 103 Duan Yuqi upper rights
106 sections of side cellular are connected directly, and are the different zones of one integral piece of material.The connection type phase of the cellular and its lower left side cellular
Together.
In chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, the connection type of a certain cellular and its right side cellular are as follows: 104 sections are first with its right side
107 sections of born of the same parents are connected directly, and are the different zones of one integral piece of material.The cellular is identical as its left side connection type of cellular.
Fig. 6 illustrates a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, for the two dimension of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure
Section stretches along the z-axis direction, and depth along the z-axis direction is L.For the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure of clearer displaying,
Power-supply system is omitted in figure.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can also be other shapes, for example hollow as made of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular array
Cylinder etc..
Fig. 7 illustrates second of form of bone in the first chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, and wherein bone is hexagonal, and 6
Tendon is connected at 6 endpoints with bone, and the direction of each tendon respectively with the anticlockwise bone side of corresponding endpoint
Unanimously.
Fig. 8 illustrates the third form of bone in the first chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, and wherein bone includes 6 ends
Point, 6 tendons are connected at 6 endpoints of bone with bone, and tendon is vertical with the line of bone endpoint and bone central point.
In addition to the bone of " * " shape shown in this figure, bone can also be the other arbitrary shapes comprising 6 endpoints.
Fig. 9 illustrates a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons, with chiral negative poisson's ratio member shown in FIG. 1
Cell phase ratio is kept to three tendons by six tendons, remaining is all the same.
Figure 10 illustrates a kind of two kinds of connection types of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons, wherein Figure 10
(A) the tendon direction of rotation of arbitrary neighborhood two chiral negative poisson's ratio cellulars is identical in, two chiralitys of arbitrary neighborhood in Figure 10 (B)
The tendon direction of rotation of negative poisson's ratio cellular is on the contrary, two kinds of connection types constitute a class hexagonal honeycomb unit.
Figure 11 illustrates a kind of corresponding two kinds of chiral negative poisson's ratio knots of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons
Structure, wherein the structure in Figure 11 (A) is made of the class cellular unit array in Figure 10 (A), and the structure in Figure 11 (B) is by Figure 10
(B) the class cellular unit array in is constituted.
Figure 12 illustrates a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons, with chiral negative poisson's ratio shown in FIG. 1
Cellular is compared, and is kept to four tendons by six tendons, remaining is all the same.
Figure 13 illustrates a kind of two kinds of connection types of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons, wherein Figure 13
(A) the tendon direction of rotation of arbitrary neighborhood two chiral negative poisson's ratio cellulars is identical in, two chiralitys of arbitrary neighborhood in Figure 13 (B)
The tendon direction of rotation of negative poisson's ratio cellular is on the contrary, two kinds of connection types constitute a class quadrilateral units.
Figure 14 illustrates a kind of corresponding two kinds of chiral negative poisson's ratio knots of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons
Structure, wherein the structure in Figure 14 (A) is made of the class quadrilateral units array in Figure 13 (A), and the structure in Figure 14 (B) is by Figure 13
(B) the class quadrilateral units array in is constituted.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can be used as buffering and damping element, be by the nonlinear mechanics of negative poisson's ratio structure itself
What characteristic and the nonlinear mechanics characteristic of elastic material were determined.
The principle of the mechanical property real-time variable of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure are as follows: when the supply voltage Φ of structure connection increases
When, the charge accumulated in two lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer of tendon layer increases, and the statcoulomb power of generation is also therewith
Increase, reduce the thickness of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and increase its area, this will increase cellular effective height hcAnd have
Imitate width wc, change the structural parameters of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure；On the other hand, when supply voltage Φ increases, tendon materials
Rigidity reduce, change the material property of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure.Therefore chiral negative poisson's ratio structure is in different electric excitations
There is down different mechanical properties.
Figure 15 illustrates the relationship of mechanical force and electric field force in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure.In equilibrium state, electric field force with
Mechanical force is equal.When voltage, charge and the capacitor of structure dielectric type electroactive polymer change and make electric field force
When more than mechanical force, as shown by point 1, in order to reach equilbrium position, then mechanical force persistently increases, dielectric type electroactive polymer
Thickness reduces and area increases, and is finally reached the balance of electric field force and mechanical force, and the point of arrival 2, in the process, part electric energy turn
It is changed to mechanical energy.On the other hand, when the load of structure and deformation change, and mechanical force is made to be more than electric field force, such as point 3
Shown, in order to reach equilbrium position, then electric field force persistently increases, and the voltage of two lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer increases,
It is finally reached the balance of electric field force and mechanical force, the point of arrival 4, in the process, some mechanical is converted to electric energy.It is balanced in figure
The upper left side region of condition curve, chiral negative poisson's ratio arrangement works are under actuation modes, in the bottom right of equilibrium state curve
Square region then works under energy regenerating (or generator) or mode sensor.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, basic principle are as follows: work as knot when as actuating element
When structure does not access power supply, the dielectric type electroactive polymer of tendon layer keeps balance under the action of load.And when structure accesses
When power supply, dielectric type electroactive polymer two lateral electrode stored charge under the action of voltage, the electric field force of generation is along thickness side
To compression dielectric type electroactive polymer and increase its area, to make chiral negative poisson's ratio structure that a certain amount of position occur
It moves, reaches the function of actuating.When the load p difference of the supply voltage Φ of structure access and receiving, chiral negative poisson's ratio knot
The displacement that structure generates is also different, to realize different actuation requirements.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure converts mechanical energy into electric energy when as energy regenerating element.Figure 16 illustrates hand
Property negative poisson's ratio structure in the voltage and charge variation figure of the electromechanical circulation of typical case for being used as energy regenerating element, Figure 17 then illustrates
The energy variation figure of typical electromechanical circulation, tetra- points of A, B, C, D in Figure 16 and Figure 17 represent four identical states.Typical machine
Electricity circulation includes 4 key steps:
(1) A point-B point disconnects power supply, the quantity of electric charge Q in two lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymerLIt remains unchanged, then
Dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness reduces when load increases, and capacitor increases, and voltage drop is down to Φ between two lateral electrodesL, this is
The mechanical energy of tendon draw stage, the storage of dielectric type electroactive polymer increases；
(2) B point-C point, two lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is connected to one, has lower voltage ΦLPower supply,
Dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness reduces, and the spacing between two lateral electrodes reduces and increases capacitor, and the quantity of electric charge increases to QH,
This is the charging stage, and the electric energy of dielectric type electroactive polymer storage increases；
(3) C point-D point disconnects power supply, the quantity of electric charge Q in open-circuitHIt remains unchanged, dielectric type electroactive polymer is thick
Degree increases, and capacitor reduces, then the voltage between two lateral electrodes increases to ΦH, this is tendon loosening stage, and dielectric type is electroactive poly-
The mechanical energy for closing object storage is partially converted to electric energy；
(4) D point-A point, two lateral electrodes are connected to high voltage ΦLPower supply, then dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness increase
Greatly, the quantity of electric charge is gradually decrease to QL, this is discharge regime, and the electric energy of dielectric type electroactive polymer storage reduces, and gives power supply
Charging.
Principle of the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure as sensor are as follows: access LCR table in circuit, then when the load is increasing,
Tendon layer is stretched, and dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness reduces, and the spacing between two lateral electrodes reduces and capacitor is increased,
The variation of capacitor can then be measured by LCR table to calculate the variation of load.
By design certain control strategy and control system, it can be achieved that the multi-functional coupling of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure.
All chiral negative poisson's ratio cellulars for including are made of identical or different material in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, and
With identical or different structural parameters and section.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can be made into the buffer element, power-absorbing, vibration damping for including but are not limited to real-time variable
Element, spring-damper structure, sensor, actuator and energy regenerating element.
Those skilled in the art can understand that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including skill
Art term and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Also
It should be understood that those terms such as defined in the general dictionary should be understood that have in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning and unless defined as here.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not limited to this hair the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Bright, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (7)
1. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is characterized in that by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
Array forms；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and at least three tendons, and the bone is rounded, and each tendon is straight
Line segment；
One end of each tendon is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the bone, every tendon all on the tangent line of bone,
And the other end of each tendon is in its clockwise direction for corresponding to point of contact or is in its counter clockwise direction for corresponding to point of contact；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Each tendon is all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
2. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is characterized in that
The bone is made of any one in steel, alloy material, high molecular polymer, high tensile strength fibrous material.
3. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is characterized in that
The tendon is in Sandwich structure, and sandwich material is dielectric elastomer, and sandwich material two sides are flexible electrode, and two sides flexible electrical
The Young's modulus of pole is less than the Young's modulus of dielectric elastomer.
4. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 3 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is characterized in that
The sandwich material one of using polyurethane elastomer, silica gel or acrylate, two sides flexible electrode using electrode carbon dust,
Silver paste, metallic film, carbon rouge, carbon nanotube, hydrogel electrolyte, graphene, any one in conductive elastomer.
5. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is characterized in that
The outer surface of the bone is arranged in one end of each tendon by way of gluing.
6. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is characterized in that by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
Array forms；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and several tendons；
The bone is in regular polygon, and the number of tendon is identical with the number on the vertex of regular polygon bone, and each tendon is equal
For straightway；
The side of several tendons and regular polygon bone is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence；
Several tendons are and side of its correspondence regular polygon bone is in that same straight line, one end is equal and its correspondence is just polygon
Shape bone while one end be connected, the other end be in its correspond to regular polygon bone while clockwise direction or be in it
The counter clockwise direction on the side of corresponding regular polygon bone；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Several tendons are all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
7. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, which is characterized in that by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
Array forms；
The chirality negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and several tendons；
The bone is in emitting shape star, and the bone section comprising at least three linear sections, each bone section is in same flat
Face, one end of every bone section is connected with the central point of bone, the other end stretches outwardly, and between adjacent two bone sections
Angle is equal；
Several tendons are straightway, and quantity bone section one identical with the quantity of the bone section and each is a pair of
It should be arranged；
One end of several tendons corresponds to bone section with it respectively and is connected far from one end of bone central point, and the other end is located
It corresponds to the clockwise direction of the one end of bone section far from bone central point in it or is in it and correspond to bone section far from bone
The counter clockwise direction of one end of heart point；
Each tendon and its angle corresponded between bone section are equal；
The Young's modulus of the bone is greater than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Several tendons are all made of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and two sides connect external voltage.
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| CN107981957A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-04 | 夏热 | A kind of negative poisson's ratio chirality indent hexagon mixes cell element intravascular stent |
| CN108170977A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-15 | 南京大学 | A kind of adjustable three-dimensional backhand negative poisson's ratio structure and preparation method |
| CN108386472A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | The bump leveller of metamaterial structure is coupled based on tension-torsion |
| CN108613758A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-02 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of capacitance type touch sensor based on zero Poisson's ratio structure |
| CN109580050B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-02-11 | 电子科技大学 | Flexible mechanical patterned sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN109728743B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-01-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electromechanical response estimation method of electroactive polymer |
| CN109787502B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-10-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electroactive polymers based on negative poisson's ratio dielectric elastomers |
| CN110238830B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2022-02-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Shape memory polymer-based zero-Poisson-ratio multistable stretching arm |
| CN110984417B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-15 | 青岛理工大学 | Anti-collision device combining chiral negative Poisson ratio structure and honeycomb structure |
| KR102243703B1 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-04-23 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Metamaterial structure and complex structure including the same |
| CN112029174B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-12-28 | 西安交通大学 | Continuous fiber reinforced composite material auxetic structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114052737A (en) * | 2021-11-20 | 2022-02-18 | 吉林大学 | Flexible electrode connected with concave honeycomb negative Poisson ratio structure and application |
| CN114941673B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-08-18 | 西安交通大学 | Composite negative poisson ratio structure for buffering and absorbing energy |
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