CN107272525B - A kind of fault detector - Google Patents
A kind of fault detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN107272525B CN107272525B CN201710702132.2A CN201710702132A CN107272525B CN 107272525 B CN107272525 B CN 107272525B CN 201710702132 A CN201710702132 A CN 201710702132A CN 107272525 B CN107272525 B CN 107272525B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/21—Pc I-O input output
- G05B2219/21014—Interface, module with relays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/21—Pc I-O input output
- G05B2219/21162—Detect short circuit of cable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25174—Ethernet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25197—Optical, glass fiber
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Locating Faults (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fault detectors, it is acquired by temperature signal, earth-fault signal and the short circuit fault signal to cable, and it is transmitted through the fiber to host and carries out signal analysis, when host judges that temperature signal is more than preset value, when grounding phenomenon either occur or short circuit phenomenon occur, then connects local alarm connected to it and carry out warning note.It can be seen that this fault detector can determine in time whether cable breaks down, staff can determine rapidly line fault section, and find out fault point by local alarm situation.In addition, realizing the transmission of acquisition signal by optical fiber, Phototube Coupling is not only realized, Insulation Problems are efficiently solved, and makes signal energy loss in transmission process small, not vulnerable to external interference.Finally, realizing the power supply to host by dual power supply module in the present invention, redundancy is improved, so that power supply is relatively reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronics fields, more particularly to a kind of fault detector.
Background technique
In looped network distribution system, especially in the system largely using ring net load switch, if next stage distribution
When line short fault or ground fault having occurred in network system, the power supply system of upper level must before the deadline into
Row disjunction, to prevent major accident.After disjunction protection occurs, it will cause and be under the jurisdiction of the system of this grade of network and all stop
Electricity.Maintenance personal needs to quickly find the section to break down, and fault section is opened in disjunction, to restore fault-free section in time
Power supply.With this, a large amount of times for searching faulty components can be saved, also reduce the range of power off time and power failure, to client and
Power supply system brings two-win effect.
In order to quickly determine fault section, in the prior art, by third generation fault detector to fault section into
Row determines.The fault detector mainly determines whether to break down by line voltage distribution, is zero by line voltage distribution specifically
As the main foundation that tripping has a power failure, because it is the sufficient and necessary condition that line tripping has a power failure that line voltage distribution, which is zero,.
But third generation fault detector can only indicate whether to break down and be prompted after breaking down, and cannot chase after
It finds the time of failure generation and the failure logging occurred is repeated several times；And more importantly can not be to the temperature of cable
Real time monitoring and record, occur overtemperature can not and alarm.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fault detectors, can the temperature of cable be monitored in real time and be recorded, and
When detecting that cable breaks down, timely warning note.In addition, it is anti-interference to realize that the transmission to acquisition signal has by optical fiber
Strong advantage, and improve by dual power supply module for power supply the reliability of fault detector.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of fault detector, for the cable in power distribution network, including set
The host that is placed at ring network cabinet is connect with the host, for power supply dual power supply module, be set to the survey of the cable
The temperature sensor at temperature place, and the cable connection, the grounding sensor of the ground signalling for acquiring the cable, with it is described
Cable connection, the short-circuit sensor of the short-circuit signal for acquiring the cable；
The temperature sensor, the grounding sensor and the short-circuit sensor pass through optical fiber and connect with the host
It is transmitted to the host so that signal will be acquired, the host is connect with local alarm, and is abnormal in the acquisition signal
When, connect the local alarm.
Preferably, further include the monitoring server being connect with the main-machine communication, the host by the acquisition signal with
And abnormal results are sent to the monitoring server.
Preferably, the local alarm is indicator light.
Preferably, the temperature sensor is specifically included for sense temperature signal, and the temperature signal is converted to
The temperature measurement module of electric signal is connect with the temperature measurement module, for controlling the first lumination of light emitting diode according to the electric signal
Single-chip microcontroller；
Wherein, the optical fiber receives the optical signal of first light emitting diode, and is transmitted to the host.
Preferably, the temperature measurement module is 3.
Preferably, the short-circuit sensor is 3, is connect respectively with 3 phase lines of the cable, the grounding sensor
It is 1, is connect with 3 phase lines of the cable.
Preferably, the short-circuit sensor or the grounding sensor specifically include the Current Mutual Inductance with the cable connection
Device is connect with the current transformer, and the signal for being exported according to the current transformer controls the second light emitting diode
Luminous signal processing circuit；
Wherein, the optical fiber receives the optical signal of second light emitting diode, and is transmitted to the host.
It preferably, further include the display being connect with the host.
Preferably, the dual power supply module specifically includes the external power supply and energy storage electricity introduced by communication cable
Pond.
Preferably, further include battery compartment for placing the energy-storage battery.
Fault detector provided by the present invention passes through temperature signal, earth-fault signal and the short circuit event to cable
Barrier signal is acquired, and is transmitted through the fiber to host and is carried out signal analysis, when host judges that temperature signal is more than default
Value when grounding phenomenon either occur or short circuit phenomenon occur, then connects local alarm connected to it and carries out warning note.
It can be seen that this fault detector can determine in time whether cable breaks down, staff can be by local alarm
Situation determines rapidly line fault section, and finds out fault point.In addition, the transmission of acquisition signal is realized by optical fiber, it is not only real
Phototube Coupling is showed, has efficiently solved Insulation Problems, and made signal energy loss in transmission process small, not vulnerable to outer
Boundary's interference.Finally, realizing the power supply to host by dual power supply module in the present invention, redundancy is improved, so that power supply
It is relatively reliable.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, attached drawing needed in the embodiment will be done simply below
It introduces, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for ordinary skill people
For member, without creative efforts, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the power network line schematic diagram of power distribution network；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure chart of fault detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of another fault detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (a) is a kind of circuit diagram of temperature measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (b) is a kind of electricity for the single-chip computer and its peripheral circuit connecting with temperature measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Lu Tu；
Fig. 4 (c) is a kind of circuit diagram for the first light emitting diode connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (d) is a kind of reset circuit figure connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (e) is that a kind of work connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention enables circuit diagram；
Fig. 4 (f) is a kind of operating voltage detection circuit figure connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of circuit diagram of short-circuit sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work, obtained every other
Embodiment belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Core of the invention is to provide a kind of fault detector, can the temperature of cable be monitored in real time and be recorded, and
When detecting that cable breaks down, timely warning note.In addition, it is anti-interference to realize that the transmission to acquisition signal has by optical fiber
Strong advantage, and improve by dual power supply module for power supply the reliability of fault detector.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
The present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the power network line schematic diagram of power distribution network.As shown in Figure 1, the power distribution network includes 11 ring network cabinets, respectively 1-
No. 11, the fault detector 20 of an offer of the present invention is respectively mounted at each ring network cabinet.If failure appears in 3 ring net cabinet
Between No. 4 ring network cabinets, at this point, the indicating fault 20 at No. 1 ring network cabinet, No. 2 ring network cabinets and 3 ring net cabinet can be in alarm
State.In specific implementation, the on-load switch of 3 ring net cabinet can be disconnected, then close breaker A, then 1,2,3 ring net cabinet and
Its branch system restores electricity.And the power supply of 4, No. 5 cabinets, then it is realized by closing the opened point of No. 6 ring network cabinets.Quilt in this way
What is kept apart is only a segment fault cable, to guarantee that all loads can restore electricity in time.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure chart of fault detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, fault detector 20
For the cable in power distribution network, including being set to host 21 at ring network cabinet, connecting with host 21, the dual power supply for power supply is supplied
Electric module 22, the temperature sensor 23 being set at the thermometric of cable and cable connection, for acquiring the ground signalling of cable
Grounding sensor 24 and cable connection, the short-circuit sensor 25 of the short-circuit signal for acquiring cable；
Temperature sensor 23, grounding sensor 24 and short-circuit sensor 25 are connect with host 21 by optical fiber 26 will adopt
Collection signal is transmitted to host 21, and host 21 is connect with local alarm 27, and when acquisition signal is abnormal, connects local report
Alert device 27.
In specific implementation, 23 moment of temperature sensor perceives cable surface temperature value, and passes through 26 timing transmission of optical fiber
To host 21.When temperature occurs abnormal, host 21 carries out fault alarm by relevant local alarm device 27.Grounding sensor
24 for detecting the earth-fault current at cable connected to it, and short-circuit sensor 25 is for detecting at cable connected to it
Short-circuit current, and by being transferred to host 21 for signal is acquired with the optical fiber 26 that respectively connect.Host 21 passes through inside
CPU judges the pulse width (i.e. failure delay time) of fault waveform and down pulse, if acquisition signal has reached failure and set
The preset value set, host 21 will record dependent failure information, and carry out warning note by local alarm 27.
It is understood that local alarm 27 can be indicator light or buzzer etc..In addition, local alarm 27 can be with
Including 3 indicators, for example including 3 indicator lights, it is respectively used to alarm in terms of instruction temperature signal, in terms of ground fault
Alarm and the alarm of short circuit aspect.For energy saving, indicator light can choose LED light.
In the present embodiment, the data transmission between host 21 and each sensor is communicated using optical fiber 26, and optical-fibre communications has
Following advantages:
1) electric property, high mechanical strength, leakproofness, corrosion resistance and good ensure the finger of optical fiber under rugged environment
Mark does not decline, long service life；
2) optical fiber electromagnetism interference performance is excellent.Optical fiber is insulating material, so not by thunder and lightning interference, the ionization of nature
The variation of layer and the interference of Sunspot Activities, are not also done by industrial electrical equipments such as electric railway feed line and high-tension apparatuses
It disturbs；
3) fibre loss is low, long transmission distance.Fibre loss can be lower than 0.2dB/km, this is than current any transmission medium
Loss is all low, in unrepeatered transmission distance up to tens, kilometer even up to a hundred；
4) signal cross-talk is small, security performance is good, and size is small, light-weight, convenient for laying；
5) material source is abundant, and environmental protection is good, is conducive to save non-ferrous metal copper；
6) radiationless, it is difficult to eavesdrop, because the light wave of optical fiber transmission cannot be run out of other than optical fiber.
In order to allow those skilled in the art more to understand the specific structure of host 21 provided by the present invention, it is given below
It is described in detail.It is understood that embodiment is one of numerous embodiments in detail below, host is not represented
21 only have a kind of this embodiment.
The design of host 21 uses multiple functional STM single-chip microcontroller as data processing centre, in order to guarantee to power in battery
When battery service life, single-chip microcontroller and peripheral components select low energy-consumption electronic device.
STM series is based on aiming at the ARM for requiring the Embedded Application of high-performance, low cost, low-power consumption specially to design
Cortex-M3 kernel, is the highest product of performance in similar product, and basic model clock frequency is 36MHz.Completely new STM interconnected type
(Connectivity) Series of MCU has full speed USB (OTG) interface, and end product is made to connect another USB device
When can not only serve as usb host but also may act as USB slave, also support IEEE1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) Ethernet connect
Mouthful, with hardware realization, this agreement can reduce CPU overhead, improve the response speed of application and networked devices synchronous communication in real time.
In addition, being provided with external data storage, more information can be stored.
Fault detector provided in this embodiment passes through temperature signal, earth-fault signal and the short circuit event to cable
Barrier signal is acquired, and is transmitted through the fiber to host and is carried out signal analysis, when host judges that temperature signal is more than default
Value when grounding phenomenon either occur or short circuit phenomenon occur, then connects local alarm connected to it and carries out warning note.
It can be seen that this fault detector can determine in time whether cable breaks down, staff can be by local alarm
Situation determines rapidly line fault section, and finds out fault point.In addition, the transmission of acquisition signal is realized by optical fiber, it is not only real
Phototube Coupling is showed, has efficiently solved Insulation Problems, and made signal energy loss in transmission process small, not vulnerable to outer
Boundary's interference.Finally, realizing the power supply to host by dual power supply module in the present invention, redundancy is improved, so that power supply
It is relatively reliable.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of another fault detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 3, in above-mentioned implementation
On the basis of example, preferably embodiment, further includes the monitoring server 30 communicated to connect with host 21, and host 21 will be adopted
Collection signal and abnormal results are sent to monitoring server 30.
In specific implementation, host 21 is connected with monitoring server 30 especially by RS485 bus.Acquire signal and exception
As a result it can be sent to monitoring server 30 in real time, the region of guilty culprit and specific is shown on the screen of monitoring server 30
Position, guidance track walker determines rapidly fault section and finds out fault point, to working efficiency is improved, shortens power off time, fast
Quick-recovery power supply, improves power supply reliability and economic benefit it is of great significance to.
On the basis of the above embodiments, preferably embodiment, temperature sensor 23 are specifically included for perceiving
Temperature signal, and temperature signal is converted into the temperature measurement module of electric signal, is connect with temperature measurement module, for according to the electric signal
Control the single-chip microcontroller of the first lumination of light emitting diode.
Wherein, optical fiber 26 receives the optical signal of the first light emitting diode, and is transmitted to host 21.
Preferably, temperature measurement module is 3, is A phase temperature measurement module respectively, for measuring the temperature of the A phase line in cable
Signal, B phase temperature measurement module, for measuring temperature signal, the C phase temperature measurement module of the B phase line in cable, for measuring in cable
C phase line temperature signal.In the present embodiment, it can be prevented by setting 3 for the temperature measurement module in temperature sensor 23
In a temperature measurement module failure, and cause wrong report the phenomenon that.Temperature measurement module during installation, is tightly attached to cable and connected by temperature transducer
It connects on the connector of switch, prevents thermometric from by the pollution of environment temperature, humidity and dust being led to that true temperature problem cannot be reacted.
The automatic discrimination of temperature sensor 23 internal measurement exception and processing specifically:
Single-chip microcontroller can respectively obtain three temperature signals from three temperature measurement modules, and three temperature signals are dealt into master
Machine 21.After host 21 receives three temperature signals, the consistency of three temperature signals is differentiated:
1) three temperature signals save after being averaged three temperature signals in reasonable error range；
If 2) in three temperature signals, there is a temperature signal to occur beyond allowable error range, host 21 will be overproof
Temperature signal reject, only by wherein two temperature signal it is average after be sent to monitoring server 30；Continuously going out more than three times
After this existing situation, host 21 reports 23 exception information of temperature sensor to monitoring server 30.It is also turned on corresponding instruction
Lamp prompts related personnel that should handle in time；
3) if three mutual errors of temperature signal exceed allowable error range (such situation is more rare), host 21
Do not save the temperature signal this time measured (temperature signal is as abnormality processing)；After continuously occurring this situation more than three times,
Host reports abnormality of temperature sensors information to monitoring server, is also turned on corresponding indicator light, prompt related personnel answer and
When handle；
Thermometric processing is carried out using three temperature measurement modules above, can differentiate the thermometric occurred due to temperature measurement module self reason
Abnormal phenomenon effectively prevents the wrong report of thermometric exception.
In order to allow those skilled in the art more to understand the specific implementation of temperature sensor provided by the present invention, under
It will be explained in text.
Fig. 4 (a) is a kind of circuit diagram of temperature measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown, containing 3 in figure
Temperature measurement module, respectively U10, U11 and U12, temperature measurement module select MCP9700.The voltage end Vc of each temperature measurement module with list
The P1.0 connection of piece machine, output end are connect with the port P1.1 of single-chip microcontroller, the port P1.2 and the port P1.3 respectively.Single-chip microcontroller passes through
The temperature signal of the port P1.1, the port P1.2 and the input of the port P1.3 judges whether to meet the requirements, and specific logic, which is seen above, retouches
It states, this place repeats no more.Each temperature measurement module also passes through capacitor C20 and is grounded.
Fig. 4 (b) is a kind of electricity for the single-chip computer and its peripheral circuit connecting with temperature measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Lu Tu.The inter-process chip U8 of single-chip microcontroller selects MSP430 chip, power consumption itself is lower, in addition, capacitor in peripheral circuit
C18 is patch capacitor, and C17 is patch tantalum capacitor, and capacitance is 10 μ F, and the two uses low energy consumption operation mode, is effectively reduced
Power consumption.Single-chip microcontroller is directly powered by battery BAT2.
Fig. 4 (c) is a kind of circuit diagram for the first light emitting diode connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Such as
Shown in figure, the first Light-emitting diode LED 8 is controlled by single-chip microcontroller, and single-chip microcontroller is according to coding rule and control strategy, the first hair of control
Optical diode LED8 shines, and the optical signal that the first Light-emitting diode LED 8 issues is transferred to host 21 by optical fiber 26, realizes logical
Telecommunication function.Resistance R37 is metering function.
Fig. 4 (d) is a kind of reset circuit figure connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.In reset circuit, electricity
The common end of resistance R36 and capacitor C19 is connect as reset terminal with single-chip microcontroller.
Fig. 4 (e) is that a kind of work connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention enables circuit diagram.The enabled electricity of work
The port P1.5 of the common end and single-chip microcontroller of Lu Zhong, resistance R38 and wire jumper J1 connects.When wire jumper J1 is disconnected, single-chip microcontroller
For P1.5 Port detecting to high level, single-chip microcontroller enters standby mode；When wire jumper J1 closure, the P1.5 Port detecting of single-chip microcontroller is arrived
Low level, single-chip microcontroller enter working condition.Above-mentioned working method can make temperature sensor at the inoperatives place such as warehouse not
Into working condition, to effectively reduce the power consumption of product.
Fig. 4 (f) is a kind of operating voltage detection circuit figure connecting with single-chip microcontroller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Work electricity
Press in detection circuit, the port P1.7 of the common end and single-chip microcontroller of resistance R34 and resistance R35 connects, the other end of resistance R35 with
The port P1.6 of single-chip microcontroller connects.When detecting operating voltage, the port P1.6 of single-chip microcontroller exports low level, P1.7 Port detecting
Operating voltage value.When not detecting operating voltage, the port P1.6 of single-chip microcontroller exports high level, to effectively reduce power consumption.
Wherein, Fig. 4 (a)-Fig. 4 (f) constitutes complete temperature sensor.Three temperature measurement modules use interval work, measure
Temperature signal in the normal range, monitored using the thermometric mode of a constant cycle and record temperature change；When measuring
When temperature rise is larger, single-chip microcontroller accelerates detection frequency, and the system of ensure that can accurately observe the variation of cable temperature, simultaneously
Significantly reduce the power consumption of product.
Temperature sensor 23 saves the temperature measured every time, before a temperature uploads point arrival, by this period
The temperature inside measured is averaged, and is then communicated by optical fiber 26, this temperature value is uploaded to host 21, and since temperature passes
Sensor 23 has 3 temperature measurement modules, and therefore, host 21 can be obtained by the temperature signal that 3 temperature measurement modules obtain, to carry out
Judgement described above, details are not described herein again.
On the basis of the above embodiments, preferably embodiment, short-circuit sensor 25 are 3, respectively with cable
3 phase lines connection, grounding sensor 24 be 1, connect with 3 phase lines of cable.
In the present embodiment, short-circuit sensor 25 has 3, and respectively A phase short-circuit sensor, B phase short-circuit sensor and C phase is short
Road sensor, the structure of three are all identical.Each short-circuit sensor 25 mutually whether there is short circuit phenomenon for detecting this.It connects
The structure of ground sensor 24 is identical as short-circuit sensor 25, why is 1, is due to when singlephase earth fault occurs in cable
When, when three-phase current vector summation being caused to be not zero, therefore, the effect of grounding sensor 24 is exactly that detect three-phase current vector total
It whether is zero, if be not zero, by electric signal transmission to host 21.For short-circuit sensor 25, grounding sensor 24, remove
Outside internal battery, electric energy can also be obtained from short circuit current, short circuit current, be supplied to sensor power supply and use, improve sensing
Device service life.
Fig. 5 is a kind of circuit diagram of short-circuit sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Preferably embodiment, short circuit
Sensor 25 specifically includes the current transformer K1 with cable connection, connect with current transformer, for according to Current Mutual Inductance
The signal of device K1 output controls the signal processing circuit of the second lumination of light emitting diode D2.Wherein, optical fiber 26 receives second and shines
The optical signal of diode D2, and it is transmitted to host 21.
Since grounding sensor 24 is identical as 25 structure of short-circuit sensor, only the connection type of current transformer K1 is not
Together, and different from the turn ratio to the induced power of current transformer K1, therefore, the present invention repeats no more.
As shown in figure 5, signal processing circuit specifically includes first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th electricity
Hinder R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, adjustable potentiometer R7, the 8th resistance R8, two-way inhibition pipe D1, full-bridge rectifier D3,
Voltage detector U1, PNP type triode Q1.
Wherein, current transformer K1 is successively in parallel with two-way inhibition pipe D1, first resistor R1 and full-bridge rectifier D3.Entirely
The cathode of the output end of bridge rectifier D3 is grounded, the anode of the output end of full-bridge rectifier D3 respectively with second resistance R2 first
The first end at end, the first end of 3rd resistor R3, the emitter of PNP type triode Q1 and the 6th resistance R6 connects.Third electricity
Resistance R3 second end connect with the first end of the first fixing end of adjustable potentiometer R7 and the 4th resistance R4, adjustable potentiometer R7 with
Second fixing end is connect with the first end of the 8th resistance R8, the second end ground connection of the 8th resistance R8, the second end of second resistance R2
It is connect with the anode of the second light emitting diode D2, the cathode of the second light emitting diode D2 and the output end of voltage detector U1 connect
It connects, the input terminal of voltage detector U1 is connect with the sliding end of adjustable potentiometer R7.The cathode of second light emitting diode D2 also with
The first end of 5th resistance R5 connects, the second end of the 5th resistance R5 and the second end and PNP type triode Q1 of the 6th resistance R6
Base stage connection, the collector of PNP type triode Q1 connect with the second end of the 4th resistance R4.
Short-circuit sensor 25 and the working principle having the same of grounding sensor 24, are all made of highly sensitive Current Mutual Inductance sense
Current signal should be gone out, and voltage signal is converted to by first resistor R1.When electric current is more than set point, voltage detector U1 inspection
After survey voltage transfinites, low level is exported, and lights the second light emitting diode D2, the second light emitting diode D2 and passes through optical fiber 26, it will
Fault-signal is transferred to host 21.
In specific implementation, alarm current when short trouble can be set, it is possible to understand that ground is alarm current, delay
Time, when factory, can need to adjust according to client.
A) action current range is 400A to 1600A, is continuously adjusted in factory, factory default 630A；
B) be delayed: 40~300ms is adjustable in factory, factory default 40ms；
C) precision: < ± 10% (in operating temperature range).
When this product designs, in short trouble context of detection, Microcomputer Protection principle is introduced into the designing technique of this product,
I.e. using the method for detection electric current ratio-change If/I0 (ratio of fault current and load current) mutation value, and combined circuit is jumped
Lock has a power failure to detect short trouble.This ratio-change mutation value, according to the curved line arithmetic built in fault detector and according to load
The size automatic dynamic of electric current is adjusted, and the static changeless defect of current break value of " current break method " use is overcome.
Therefore this product is not influenced by line construction, management mode, geographical environment, the even time of running, from root
The existing mistake of fault detector currently on the market based on " overcurrent method or " and " current break method " design principle is overcome in sheet
Alert defect is alarmed or fails to report, therefore short trouble detection is accurate and reliable.
For the fault detector using the design of current break method, this fault detector has a power failure to line tripping
Thorough improvement has also been made in judgment basis, is the zero main foundation having a power failure as tripping by line voltage distribution, because line voltage distribution is
Zero is the sufficient and necessary condition that line tripping has a power failure, this is relative to the another of the fault detector using the design of current break method
A significant design break-through point.
In terms of Neutral point nonearthing system phase-to-ground fault detection, this fault detector is mutated using transient
Method.
This method mainly utilizes line-to-ground fault that each signal frequency component (300Hz of moment route transient occurs
The signal component of~4000Hz) root-mean-square value mutates this feature, the mutation increment of the root-mean-square value of these signals is detected,
And the phenomenon that declining this mutation increment combined circuit voltage (voltage-to-ground), is as the main foundation of detection ground fault.
Because the Sudden Changing Rate of moment is grounded, not by each high-frequency interferencing signal existing for route and route excitation surge current shadow
It rings, is easy to reliably detect, therefore this method is used to overcome currently on the market using transient size as the ground fault of criterion
The limitation of detection method, also overcomes the inaccuracy of first half-wave method, strong antijamming capability, and fault detection is accurate and reliable.This
The completely new fault detection technique that fault detector uses is at present using the fault detector technology of current break method design
There is qualitative leap.
This fault detector can adjust fault eigenvalue according to various actual track automatic dynamics, not by line construction, fortune
Row way to manage, geographical environment, load variation, the influence of the time of running, it is applied widely, really meet the need of different user
It wants, and is easy to be mass produced.
In specific implementation, alarm current when ground fault can be set, it is possible to understand that ground is alarm current, delay
Time, when factory, can need to adjust according to client.
A) alarm current: action current range 5A~100A is continuously adjusted in factory；Factory-default is 20A；
B) be delayed: 40~300ms is adjustable in factory, factory default 150ms；
C) precision: < ± 10% (in operating temperature range).
The electric current (zero-sequence current) of grounding sensor 24 is realized using the method for detection three-phase current summation.In normal condition
Its lower value should be zero, and it is 5A~100A that fault current detection point range, which is zero-sequence current, and electric current is smaller, it is desirable that grounding sensor
24 have very high sensitivity.
In order to guarantee good high_voltage isolation effect, communication between grounding sensor 24 and host, by optical fiber 26 into
The transmission of row data, battery can not be set inside grounding sensor 24, work normally the induction that power supply relies on grounding sensor 24
Signal takes electricity to propose very high requirement the work of grounding sensor 24 come what is guaranteed.
Grounding sensor 24 requires to detect 5A electric current, and the electric current of short-circuit sensor 25 reaches 400~1600A, minimum
Current value differs 80 times, proposes quite high requirement to the Current Mutual Inductance part of grounding sensor 24.
Flow point is crossed according to grounding sensor 24 to require to generate 10V, the voltage of 15mA in K1 grade of current transformer；
It is required that current transformer K1 output is 10V*15mA=0.15W.
According to the actual situation, for the ease of installation, magnet ring internal diameter and short-circuit sensor 25 big 2 that grounding sensor 24 incudes
Times or more, the magnet ring effective length designed at present is 450mm, and the magnet ring effective length of short-circuit sensor 25 is 215mm.
The magnetic circuit of grounding sensor 24 is made of two parts at present, and 165mm magnetic circuit uses silicon steel band, and there are also 50mm uses
High-carbon round steel forms axis class shape, and on axis class high-carbon round steel, the connection of two kinds of materials uses riveting and crimps induction coil
Processing, reduce flux loss to the greatest extent, although have passed through a variety of considerations, flux loss be should not be overlooked, generate magnetic loss it is main because
Element:
A) connection of two kinds of materials produces leakage field using riveting；
B) connection of two kinds of materials is using crimping, and contact area is smaller；
C) induction region uses axis class high-carbon round steel, and magnetic induction can generate biggish vortex, cause magnetic loss.
For these problems, this product design uses effective magnet ring length for 450mm multi-disc silicon steel band, has following excellent
Point:
A) single permeability magnetic material is used, the junction loss between different materials is avoided；
B) induction coil is directly installed on direct-coupling in a region of silicon steel band, and magnetic induction is more efficient；
C) single silicon steel band is used, is handled in closed loop junction using the crimping of large area, magnetic flux closed loop effect is more preferable；
D) using multi-disc silicon steel band form closed loop, compensate for effective magnet ring length it is too long and caused by dispersion loss；
E) since primary current is small (minimum value 5A), in order to obtain bigger power, induction coil using more around
The number of turns processed, to obtain corresponding power.
After handling above, the induced voltage in grounding sensor 24 has reached design requirement.
It on the basis of the above embodiments, further include the display 28 being connect with host 21.
As shown in figure 3, display 28 is installed, and correspondingly setting button on host 21 on host 21, host 21
To abnormal results and sampled signal can be inquired from display 28, it is preferable that display by the key on host 21
28 be liquid crystal display, low in energy consumption using dedicated LCD drive chip, and display is clear.Therefore, line maintenance personnel are according to finger
Show the flashing of lamp, determines that there are failures, then by the key on host 21, observe fault message from display 28, it can be with
Fault section is judged rapidly.
Specifically, the panel of host 21 is equipped with 3 keys, it is " movement ", " setting ", " confirmation " key respectively.Use panel
Upper key, may be implemented historical information inquiry, such as can with the enquiry of historical data date, the historical data of each phase cable temperature,
Same day maximum temperature, mean temperature, environment mean temperature etc.；It can also be by key, to cable alarm temperature value, threephase cable
Temperature imbalance value, ambient temperature value alarm, the machine address, real-time time are configured；In addition, generate alarm after, ground connection, A phase,
B phase, C phase current directly indicate that remaining can check specific fault message by liquid crystal in panel leds after transfiniting.Therefore
Barrier information includes: battery undervoltage alarm, the alarm of liquidus temperature overload alarm, liquidus temperature imbalance, environment temperature overload alarm
Deng.
On the basis of the above embodiments, dual power supply module 22 specifically includes the external electrical introduced by communication cable
Source and energy-storage battery.
In specific implementation, host 21 uses dual power supply, internal standby lithium pond (one kind of energy-storage battery China)
With the external power supply introduced by communication cable, when not having external power supply introducing, host 21 automatically switches to internal standby electricity
Source power supply.
21 external power supply 9--24Vdc of host, static power: < 200 milliwatts, maximum peak power: < 400 milliwatts；When powering on
Operating current is not more than 15mA (12VDC), and peak-peak operating current is not more than 30mA (12VDC)；Host 21 is in no external electrical
It under the power supply state of source, is powered using internal standby lithium pond, quiescent dissipation is not more than 10uA (when LED light is not bright).It is preferred that
Ground, using large capacity, the ER14250 high-capacity lithium ion battery thionyl chloride battery lithium battery of low self-discharge, ensure that product uses the longevity
Life.
This product uses large capacity, the ER14250 high-capacity lithium ion battery thionyl chloride battery lithium electricity of low self-discharge in design
Pond mainly has the advantage that
Cell voltage 3.6V, battery rated capacity 1200mAH, battery size diameter 14mm length 25mm can not fill primary
Property lithium battery, lithium battery shelf life be 10 years；
The voltage of lithium-manganese dioxide battery is up to 3V or more, is twice of common batteries, this just anticipates for electrical appliance
Taste can save power source space and mitigate weight；
Excellent discharge performance: even across long-term electric discharge, it still keeps stable operating voltage, this is dramatically improved
The reliability of electrical appliance reaches using electric appliance the degree of non-maintaining (need not replace battery substantially)；
Superior temperature characterisitic, high-quality, the good organic electrolyte solution of electric conductivity application, enables battery -20
DEG C~60 DEG C of temperature ranges in normally work, by special process and formula, -40~80 DEG C of operating temperature can also be met
It is required that；
Good leak resistance, reliable sealing structure and the good electro-hydraulic and positive and negative electrode active material of use, make battery
With good leak resistance；
The working characteristics of long-life forms a protective film layer due to the effect of organic matter and lithium on the surface of cathode of lithium,
This is the basic reason that lithium battery can keep for a long time its performance constant, along with accurate, reliable cell sealing-structure and
The use of high stability active material, so that the year of self-discharge of battery is held drop rate can control in the level lower than 2%.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further include battery compartment for placing energy-storage battery.
In the present embodiment, by the way that battery compartment is arranged for energy-storage battery, thus when energy-storage battery breaks down, it is more convenient
Replacement.
Fault detector provided by the present invention is described in detail above.Each embodiment is used and is passed in specification
Into mode describe, each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, phase between each embodiment
It may refer to each other with similar portion.For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it is opposite with method disclosed in embodiment
It answers, so being described relatively simple, reference may be made to the description of the method.It should be pointed out that for the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the principle of the present invention, can with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention,
These improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
It should also be noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second and the like be used merely to by
One entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying these entities or operation
Between there are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant meaning
Covering non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment for including a series of elements not only includes that
A little elements, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or
The intrinsic element of equipment.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", is not arranged
Except there is also other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fault detector, for the cable in power distribution network, which is characterized in that including be set to host at ring network cabinet,
Connect with the host, for power supply dual power supply module, be set at the thermometric of the cable temperature sensor, with
The cable connection, the grounding sensor of the ground signalling for acquiring the cable and the cable connection, for acquiring
State the short-circuit sensor of the short-circuit signal of cable；
The temperature sensor, the grounding sensor and the short-circuit sensor pass through optical fiber and are connect with the host to incite somebody to action
Acquisition signal is transmitted to the host, and the host is connect with local alarm, and when the acquisition signal is abnormal, is connect
Lead to the local alarm；
It further include the monitoring server being connect with the main-machine communication, the host sends out the acquisition signal and abnormal results
It send to the monitoring server；
The temperature sensor is specifically included for sense temperature signal, and the temperature signal is converted to the thermometric of electric signal
Module is connect with the temperature measurement module, described for controlling the single-chip microcontroller of the first lumination of light emitting diode according to the electric signal
Temperature sensor further includes the peripheral circuit connecting with the single-chip microcontroller, the first light emitting diode and resistance, reset circuit, work
Enabled circuit, operating voltage detection circuit；
Wherein, the optical fiber receives the optical signal of first light emitting diode, and is transmitted to the host；
The local alarm includes 3 indicators, is respectively used to alarm in terms of instruction temperature signal, in terms of ground fault
Alarm and the alarm of short circuit aspect；
The short-circuit sensor is 3, is connect respectively with 3 phase lines of the cable, and the grounding sensor is 1, with institute
State 3 phase lines connection of cable；
The short-circuit sensor or the grounding sensor specifically include the current transformer with the cable connection, with the electricity
Current transformer connection, the signal for being exported according to the current transformer controls at the signal of the second lumination of light emitting diode
Manage circuit；
Wherein, the optical fiber receives the optical signal of second light emitting diode, and is transmitted to the host；
The signal processing circuit specifically includes first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th
Resistance, adjustable potentiometer, the 8th resistance, two-way inhibition pipe, full-bridge rectifier, voltage detector, PNP type triode；
Wherein, current transformer is successively in parallel with two-way inhibition pipe, first resistor and full-bridge rectifier；Full-bridge rectifier it is defeated
The cathode of outlet is grounded, the anode of the output end of full-bridge rectifier respectively with the first end of second resistance, 3rd resistor first
The first end connection at end, the emitter of PNP type triode and the 6th resistance；The second end of 3rd resistor and adjustable potentiometer
First fixing end is connected with the first end of the 4th resistance, and adjustable potentiometer and the second fixing end and the first end of the 8th resistance connect
It connecing, the second end ground connection of the 8th resistance, the second end of second resistance is connect with the anode of the second light emitting diode, and second luminous two
The cathode of pole pipe and the output end of voltage detector connect, and the input terminal of voltage detector and the sliding end of adjustable potentiometer connect
It connects；The cathode of second light emitting diode is also connect with the first end of the 5th resistance, second end and the 6th resistance of the 5th resistance
Second end is connected with the base stage of PNP type triode, and the collector of PNP type triode is connect with the second end of the 4th resistance.
2. fault detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the local alarm is indicator light.
3. fault detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature measurement module is 3.
4. fault detector according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that further include being connect with the host
Display.
5. fault detector according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the dual power supply module tool
Body includes the external power supply and energy-storage battery introduced by communication cable.
6. fault detector according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include the electricity for placing the energy-storage battery
Chi Cang.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721027398.3U CN207352393U (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of fault detector |
| CN201710702132.2A CN107272525B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of fault detector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721027398.3U CN207352393U (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of fault detector |
| CN201710702132.2A CN107272525B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of fault detector |
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| CN107272525A CN107272525A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
| CN107272525B true CN107272525B (en) | 2019-10-18 |
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| CN201710702132.2A Active CN107272525B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of fault detector |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN207352393U (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-05-11 | 杭州大有科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fault detector |
| CN107976602A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-05-01 | 长园深瑞继保自动化有限公司 | High-tension cable metal outer jacket grounding circulation on-line monitoring system |
| CN108362970A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-03 | 苏州市普金电力成套设备有限公司 | A kind of high efficiency smart fault detect transmitting device |
| CN109298362B (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-10-16 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Three-phase synchronization precision testing method, device and system for distribution line fault indicator |
| CN109358267A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-19 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | A kind of distribution line power failure monitoring method based on fault detector |
| CN110398615A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-01 | 浙江帕博电力科技有限公司 | A kind of temperature measuring type fault detector with coiling function |
| CN111510495A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-07 | 吴斌 | Power grid fault point position information recording device |
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| CN103267922A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-28 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent cable short circuit grounding and temperature fault indicator |
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| CN203870190U (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-10-08 | 杭州欣美成套电器制造有限公司 | Fiber-style grounding and short-circuit fault indicator |
| CN205353270U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 珠海创能科世摩电气科技有限公司 | Intelligent cable fault indicator |
| CN205720525U (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-11-23 | 珠海优特电力科技股份有限公司 | Cable line fault indicates device |
| CN207352393U (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-05-11 | 杭州大有科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fault detector |
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2017
- 2017-08-16 CN CN201721027398.3U patent/CN207352393U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-08-16 CN CN201710702132.2A patent/CN107272525B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103267922A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-28 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent cable short circuit grounding and temperature fault indicator |
| CN103884961A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-25 | 珠海创能科世摩电气科技有限公司 | Cable fault on-line monitoring system |
| CN203870190U (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-10-08 | 杭州欣美成套电器制造有限公司 | Fiber-style grounding and short-circuit fault indicator |
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| CN207352393U (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-05-11 | 杭州大有科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fault detector |
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| CN207352393U (en) | 2018-05-11 |
| CN107272525A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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Address after: 310051 No. 263, MII Hou Wang Road, Binjiang District Xi Xing street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Applicant after: HANGZHOU DA YOU SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: HANGZHOU POWER SUPPLY COMPANY OF STATE GRID ZHEJIANG ELECTRIC POWER Co. Applicant after: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Address before: 310051 No. 263, MII Hou Wang Road, Binjiang District Xi Xing street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Applicant before: HANGZHOU DA YOU SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: HANGZHOU POWER SUPPLY COMPANY OF STATE GRID ZHEJIANG ELECTRIC POWER Co. Applicant before: State Grid Corporation of China |
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Effective date of registration: 20181108 Address after: 310009 158 Jianguo South Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Applicant after: ZHEJIANG DAYOU INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: ZHEJIANG DAYOU INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. HANGZHOU SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT BRANCH Applicant after: HANGZHOU POWER SUPPLY COMPANY, STATE GRID ZHEJIANG ELECTRIC POWER Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Address before: 310051 No. 263, MII Hou Wang Road, Binjiang District Xi Xing street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Applicant before: HANGZHOU DA YOU SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: HANGZHOU POWER SUPPLY COMPANY OF STATE GRID ZHEJIANG ELECTRIC POWER Co. Applicant before: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA |
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