CN107271567A - A kind of comprehensive experimental device and method for acoustic emission detection - Google Patents
A kind of comprehensive experimental device and method for acoustic emission detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN107271567A CN107271567A CN201710647287.0A CN201710647287A CN107271567A CN 107271567 A CN107271567 A CN 107271567A CN 201710647287 A CN201710647287 A CN 201710647287A CN 107271567 A CN107271567 A CN 107271567A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013028 emission testing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 206010061245 Internal injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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Abstract
The invention belongs to petrochemical equipment technical field of nondestructive testing, a kind of comprehensive experimental device and method for acoustic emission detection is disclosed；Comprehensive experimental device includes storage tank, supercharger, pipeline, pressure vessel and its accessory system；Experimental method includes carrying out package unit system online acoustic emission detection with evaluating, and carries out independent sound emission on-line checking to any appliance in storage tank, pipeline and pressure vessel and tests；Same operating is carried out repeating experiment and experiment is combined to various working；Pressurizeed, the acoustic emission experiment of pressurize.The present invention realizes the Acoustic Emission In Laboratory research of petrochemical industry complexes exemplary apparatus；Can be to storage tank, pipeline, the online acoustic emission detection of pressure vessel；Can according to storage tank, pipeline, pressure vessel live operating condition, the different acoustic emission source of simulation diverse location gathers acoustic emission signal, to study not homonome, and being analyzed；To accumulate acoustic emission detection experience and carry out scientific research.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petrochemical equipment technical field of nondestructive testing, more particularly to it is a kind of for the comprehensive of acoustic emission detection
Close experimental provision and method.
Background technology
In petroleum chemical industry, complexes are typically made up of dynamic equipment, static equipment, pipeline, instrument valve etc..Wherein
Static equipment numerous types, such as atmospheric storage tank, realize technical process required for various closed containers (referring generally to pressure vessel) be
Main production equipments.Once contain high temperature, high pressure, storage tank, various pressure vessels, the pipe of inflammable, explosive, poisonous, harmful material
Road occurs blast or leaked, and often the catastrophic failure such as concurrent fire and poisoning, causes serious environmental pollution, gives society's warp
Ji, production and people's lives are brought loss and endangered, and directly affect social stability.So inspect periodically, online, find this early
The defect of kind equipment for equipment safety, stably, long-term operation it is significant.Acoustic emission detection method is very important
A kind of lossless detection method, is that the stress wave sent according to tested material internal is dynamic come the one kind for judging internal injury development degree
State, online, disposable, overall detection, are widely used in petrochemical equipment detection field.
In summary, the problem of prior art is present be：Requirement of the acoustic emission testing technology to testing staff in itself is higher,
It is required that testing staff's detection experience is abundant, it is desirable to which the problem of testing staff in detection process and detection process to being likely to occur is accomplished
Correct processing in time.Therefore, it is indoor real for just carrying out acoustic emission testing technology or wanting to go deep into the user of scientific research
Testing is a kind of critically important research and is familiar with the means of technology；Accordingly, it would be desirable to design it is a set of it is indoor, can simulate storage tank, pipeline,
The experimental provision and method of the petrochemical industry exemplary apparatus such as pressure vessel carries out acoustic emission testing technology and scientific research.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of comprehensive experimental device for acoustic emission detection and
Method.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of synthesis experiment method for acoustic emission detection, described to be used for sound emission inspection
The synthesis experiment method of survey includes：
Various working, a variety of different type sound emissions are carried out to any appliance in storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel
The simulation of source signal；Or same operating is carried out repeating experiment and experiment is combined to various working, to different acoustic emission sources
Signal is contrasted and analyzed；Placement sensor on any appliance in storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel, with sound emission
Signal processing and analysis system is connected, and then same operating is carried out repeating experiment and experiment is combined to various working, sound hair
Penetrate signal to receive by sensor, be then communicated to acoustic emission signal acquisition analysis system and analyzed.Experimenter can both lead to
Cross observing system to analyze the two-dimensional localization figure drawn and three-dimensional localization figure to determine the position in acoustic emission signal source, can also pass through
Compare the property that the amplitude figure of different acoustic emission signals, oscillogram carry out the different acoustic emission signals of comparison, cluster point can also be passed through
The position in a variety of acoustic emission signal sources is distinguished in analysis, realizes the contrast to failure acoustic emission signal and analysis.
To any appliance in storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel, independent sound emission on-line checking experiment is carried out；
Any appliance in storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel is pressurizeed, pressurize, decompression acoustic emission experiment.
Further, a variety of different type sound emission source signals include Crack Extension, friction, leakage and hit signal；
Can be fractureed with lead for retractable pencil, the different sound emission source signal features of the simulation such as electric spark.
Further, the synthesis experiment method for acoustic emission detection also includes：Storage tank, experimental channel and pressure are held
The whole system that device is constituted carries out online acoustic emission detection with evaluating.Method is as follows：First respectively in a whole set of experimental provision storage tank,
Pipeline and pressure vessel placement sensor are tested, is connected with acoustic emission signal acquisition analysis system, then opens the inlet valve of system,
Water is flowed into whole system, then by control system control cabinet, the pressure of whole system is increased in gradient, rise to one
Gradient pressurize is for a period of time.At the same time, each component devices of whole system are carried out by sound emission acquisition analysis system
Detection, observes the change of package unit acoustic emission signal in boosting, pressure maintaining period, according to the situation of change of acoustic emission signal and
When the operation conditions of whole system is made an appraisal.
Further, the synthesis experiment method for acoustic emission detection also includes：Storage tank, experimental channel, pressure are held
Device any appliance carries out acoustic emission detection with evaluating.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of comprehensive experimental device for acoustic emission detection, including storage tank, experiment
Pipeline and pressure vessel；The storage tank, pipeline, fixed sound hair sensor is respectively mounted on pressure vessel；
The storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel are connected by pipeline successively head and the tail；It is welded with the experimental channel
Multiple outlet valves；
Used medium can be selected according to equipment and materials, and typically optional water is medium.
Further, the storage tank includes the storage tank tank body being made up of tank skin；Tank deck, bottom are arranged at the top of the storage tank tank body
There is tank bottom；Acoustic emission sensor is installed on the storage tank body relevant position；Liquid level is separately installed with the tank skin of the storage tank
Meter, thermometer；The liquid level gauge is connected in tank skin perforate by flange；The thermometer is threadedly attached in tank skin adapter
On；Bottom is connected with by pipeline in the tank bottom and empties ball valve；Charging aperture and manhole are had on the tank deck；
The manhole is made up of stiffening ring, handle and loose-leaf；The stiffening ring is welded on manhole excircle；Shake hands and living
Page is welded on manhole cover；Loose-leaf is hinged with manhole；The tank bottom of the storage tank is hanging.
Further, the experimental provision for pressure vessel acoustic emission detection is provided with the coupling for meeting acoustic emission sensor
Close interface and pressure vessel annex；The acoustic emission sensor is fixed on the pressure vessel by magnetic suction base；
The pressure vessel is made up of the cylinder of pressure vessel main body and the end socket at two ends is constituted；The pressure vessel master
Pressure gauge base is welded with body cylinder；It is described have pressure gauge has been connected through a screw thread on pressure gauge base；
The pressure vessel can with it is horizontal, can be with vertical.
Further, four outlet valves are welded with the experimental channel；The storage tank is pressurized, surely through liquid supercharger successively
Press tank, filter, the first ball valve connection experiment pipeline；Test pipeline and connect pressure vessel through the second ball valve again；The pressure holds
Device connects storage tank through the second ball valve, reflux line.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect are：
1st, compared with Site Detection, the scale of described comprehensive experimental device is far smaller than the equipment at scene, and can meet
The need for personnel are familiar with detection technique and scientific research, and theoretical reference can be provided for Site Detection.Testing staff's training is saved
Instruction expense.
2nd, compared with prior art, the integration unit is that the mould of various working can be carried out for single equipment
Intend, leakage, Crack Extension, the friction of such as storage tank, the leakage of pipeline, the operating mode such as Crack Extension, friction, shock of pressure vessel,
Realize the simulation to the acoustic emission signal of a variety of different type failures.The same operating of single equipment can also be carried out repeating real
Test and experiment is combined to various working, failure acoustic emission signal is contrasted and analyzed.Provided greatly for testing staff
Amount, abundant sound emission data, improve the detection level of testing staff, and can go deep into scientific research.
3rd, compared with prior art, the experimental provision can be analyzed for single equipment, such as independent studies
Storage tank, pipeline, the failure acoustic emission signal of pressure vessel, can also carry out holistic approach to whole set of system, allow material whole
Circulated in set system, the operating mode to system carries out acoustic emission dynamic fault diagnosis.
4th, compared with prior art, the experimental provision can carry out the pressure of controllable pressurization, pressurize and experimental provision
Not more than 2MPa and equipped with safety valve, the safety coefficient of device is higher, can preferably simulate field device operating mode with pressure.
5th, the present invention realizes the simulation of storage tank, pipeline, pressure vessel working environment and acoustic emission signal, so as to equipment
Various types of acoustic emission signals observed, meet laboratory experiment demand and controllable, repeatable requirement of experiment, be sound emission
Detection application and scientific research provide experiment porch.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the comprehensive experimental device schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention for acoustic emission detection.
Fig. 2 is tank structure figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is storage tank top view provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is construction of pressure vessel figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：1st, storage tank；1-1 storage tank bodies；1-2, tank deck；1-3, tank bottom；1-4, first charging aperture；1-5, manhole；1-
6th, stiffening ring；1-7, handle；1-8, loose-leaf；1-9, liquid level gauge；1-10, thermometer 1-11, the first discharging opening；1-12, support feet；
1-13, tank bottom emptying ball valve；2nd, pipeline is tested；3rd, pressure vessel；3-1, ellipse head；3-2, pressure vessel main body；3-3,
Two charging apertures；3-4, the second discharging opening；The 3-5 mouths of pipe；3-6, pipe；3-7, W.N flange；3-8, saddle；3-9, pressure gauge base；3-
10th, valve seat is emptied；3-11, stud；3-12, convex flange；3-13, female flange；3-14, wound gasket 3-14；4th, liquid
Supercharger；5th, vacuum tank；6 and filter；7th, the first ball valve；8th, the second ball valve；9th, the 3rd ball valve；10th, reflux pipeline.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, the comprehensive experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention for acoustic emission detection, mainly by storage tank 1,
Experiment pipeline 2 and pressure vessel 3 are constituted.Pipeline 2 is tested above provided with four leakage points.There is liquid between storage tank 1 and experiment pipeline 2
Body supercharger 4, vacuum tank 5 and the ball valve 7 of filter 6 and first.Test and the second ball valve 8 is provided between pipeline 2 and pressure vessel 3.
The 3rd ball valve 9 and reflux pipeline 10 are provided between pressure vessel 3 and storage tank 1.The present embodiment selection water is material.
Water flows into storage tank 1, and the water of storage tank 1 flows out after filling, and flows through after the supercharging of liquid supercharger 4, then steady by vacuum tank 5
Pressure, by the impurity screening of filter 6, flows through the first ball valve 7, then flows into experiment pipeline 2, flow through after the second ball valve 8, flow into pressure
After force container 3, outflow pressure container 3 storage tank 1 is returned to through the 3rd ball valve 9 and reflux pipeline 10.Experimenter can be according to difference
Research object any number of sensor is set at an arbitrary position., can be with addition, when water is circulated in experimental provision
Leakage point, influence of the analysis leakage to pipeline are opened in experiment pipeline 2.Experimenter can also be in storage tank 1, experiment pipeline 2 and
Placement sensor in pressure vessel 3, when water is circulated in experimental provision, is carried out online with pressure using a whole set of experimental provision
The AE detections of device are with evaluating.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the storage tank includes the storage tank body 1-1 of tank skin composition, and be fixed on body 1-1,
The tank deck 1-2 and tank bottom 1-3 of lower end.Tank deck 1-2 is provided with first charging aperture 1-4 and manhole 1-5, and manhole 1-5 is by stiffening ring 1-
6th, handle 1-7 and loose-leaf 1-8 compositions.Storage tank body 1-1 tank skins are provided with liquid level gauge 1-9, thermometer 1-10 and the first discharging opening
1-11.Tank bottom 1-3 is provided with support feet 1-12 and tank bottom emptying ball valve 1-13.Storage tank body 1-1, tank deck 1-2, tank bottom 1-3 and branch
Spike 1-12 connected mode is welding.Liquid level gauge 1-9 is that perforate is connected by flange on tank skin, thermometer 1-10 be
Perforate is connected through a screw thread on tank skin.
In the present embodiment, fixed sensor is not provided with storage tank, experimenter can be according to storage tank research department
The difference of position sets any number of sensor at an arbitrary position.Further, it is also possible to open tank bottom emptying ball valve 1-13 to analyze
The influence to storage tank is leaked, different leakinesses can also be analyzed to storage by adjusting tank bottom emptying ball valve 1-13 aperture
The influence of tank.Except the simulation for the leakage signal that storage tank has in itself, experimenter can be needed with experimental, on storage tank
Do disconnected lead signal, the simulation of friction signal in optional position.
As shown in figure 4, the pressure vessel includes two ellipse head 3-1 and the pressure vessel main body being made up of cylinder
3-2.Cylinder is provided with second charging aperture 3-3 and the second discharging opening 3-4.Second discharging opening is made up of mouth of pipe 3-5 and pipe 3-6.Pipe
Mouth 3-5 is provided with safety valve, and pipe 3-6 is connected with the external world by W.N flange 3-7.Saddle 3-8, pressure gauge base 3- are additionally provided with cylinder
9 and emptying valve seat 3-10.Cylinder 3-2 one end and an ellipse head 3-1 pass through stud 3-11, convex flange 3-12, recessed
Face flange 3-13 and wound gasket 3-14 composition.
In the present embodiment, do not have on pressure vessel provided with fixed sensor, experimenter can be according to experiment demand
Any number of sensor is set at an arbitrary position.In addition, pressure vessel can also be boosted by water filling, pressurize experiment.
, can also be in signals such as optional position simulation disconnected lead, friction, the percussions of pressure vessel in addition to boosting, pressurize experiment.
Synthesis experiment method provided in an embodiment of the present invention for acoustic emission detection, it is described for the comprehensive of acoustic emission detection
Closing experimental method includes：
To storage tank, experiment pipeline and pressure vessel in any appliance carry out various working simulation, realize to it is a variety of not
The simulation of the acoustic emission signal of same type failure；Or same operating is carried out repeating experiment and reality is combined to various working
Test, failure acoustic emission signal is contrasted and analyzed；
Independent dynamic fault is carried out to any appliance in storage tank, experiment pipeline and pressure vessel using acoustic emission to examine
It is disconnected；
To storage tank, experiment pipeline and pressure vessel in any appliance pressurizeed, pressurize, simulation field working conditions.
The various working includes Crack Extension, friction, the leakage of pipeline and shock.
The synthesis experiment method for acoustic emission detection also includes：Storage tank, experiment pipeline and pressure vessel are constituted
Whole system carry out online acoustic emission detection with pressure with evaluating.
Experimental provision of the present invention can carry out the simulation of various working for single equipment, and the leakage of such as storage tank, crackle expand
Exhibition, friction, the leakage of pipeline, the operating mode such as Crack Extension, friction, the shock of pressure vessel, realization is to a variety of different type failures
Acoustic emission signal simulation.Moreover it is possible to same operating is carried out repeating experiment and experiment is combined to various working, it is right
Failure acoustic emission signal is contrasted and analyzed.
Experimental provision of the present invention can be analyzed for single equipment, such as independent studies storage tank, pipeline, pressure vessel
Failure acoustic emission signal, can also to whole set of system carry out holistic approach, allow water to be circulated in whole system, to being
The operating mode of system carries out acoustic emission dynamic fault diagnosis.
Experimental provision of the present invention can carry out controllable pressurization, pressurize, provided with safety valve, can preferably simulate field working conditions.
The present invention realizes the simulation of storage tank, pipeline, pressure vessel working environment and acoustic emission signal, so as to equipment
Various types of acoustic emission signals are observed, and meet laboratory experiment demand and controllable, repeatable requirement of experiment, are sound emission inspection
Survey the analysis of theoretical and method and experiment porch is provided.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of synthesis experiment method for acoustic emission detection, it is characterised in that described for the comprehensive real of acoustic emission detection
Proved recipe method includes：
Various working, a variety of different type acoustic emission sources letter are carried out to any appliance in storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel
Number simulation；Or same operating is carried out repeating experiment and experiment is combined to various working, to different sound emission source signals
Contrasted and analyzed；
To any appliance in storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel, independent sound emission on-line checking experiment is carried out；
Any appliance in storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel is pressurizeed, pressurize, decompression acoustic emission experiment.
2. it is used for the synthesis experiment method of acoustic emission detection as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that a variety of inhomogeneities
Type sound emission source signal includes Crack Extension, friction, leakage and hits signal.
3. it is used for the synthesis experiment method of acoustic emission detection as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be used for sound emission
The synthesis experiment method of detection also includes：Online sound hair is carried out to the whole system that storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel are constituted
Detection is penetrated with evaluating.
4. it is used for the synthesis experiment method of acoustic emission detection as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be used for sound emission
The synthesis experiment method of detection also includes：Acoustic emission detection is carried out with commenting to storage tank, experimental channel, pressure vessel any appliance
Valency.
5. a kind of synthesis experiment method for being used for acoustic emission detection as claimed in claim 1 is real for integrating for acoustic emission detection
Experiment device, it is characterised in that the comprehensive experimental device for acoustic emission detection includes storage tank, experimental channel and pressure and held
Device；The storage tank, pipeline, fixed sound hair sensor can be installed on pressure vessel；
The storage tank, experimental channel and pressure vessel are connected by pipeline successively head and the tail；It is welded with the experimental channel multiple
Outlet valve.
6. as claimed in claim 5 be used for acoustic emission detection comprehensive experimental device, it is characterised in that the storage tank include by
The storage tank tank body that tank skin is constituted；The top of the storage tank tank body has tank deck, bottom to have tank bottom；On the storage tank body relevant position
Acoustic emission sensor is installed；Liquid level gauge, thermometer are separately installed with the tank skin of the storage tank；The liquid level gauge is connected by flange
It is connected in tank skin perforate；The thermometer is threadedly attached in tank skin adapter；Bottom is connected with by pipeline in the tank bottom
Empty ball valve；Charging aperture and manhole are had on the tank deck；
The manhole is made up of stiffening ring, handle and loose-leaf；The stiffening ring is welded on manhole excircle；Handle and loose-leaf are equal
It is welded on manhole cover；Loose-leaf is hinged with manhole；The tank bottom of the storage tank is hanging.
7. it is used for the comprehensive experimental device of acoustic emission detection as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the pressure that is used for holds
The experimental provision of device acoustic emission detection is provided with the coupled interface for meeting acoustic emission sensor and pressure vessel annex；The sound hair
Sensor is penetrated to be fixed on the pressure vessel by magnetic suction base；
The pressure vessel is made up of the cylinder of pressure vessel main body and the end socket at two ends is constituted；The pressure vessel main body cylinder
Pressure gauge base is welded with body；It is described have pressure gauge has been connected through a screw thread on pressure gauge base.
8. it is used for the comprehensive experimental device of acoustic emission detection as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that on the experimental channel
It is welded with four outlet valves；The storage tank is tested through the supercharging of liquid supercharger, vacuum tank, filter, the connection of the first ball valve successively
Pipeline；Test pipeline and connect pressure vessel through the second ball valve again；The pressure vessel is stored up through the second ball valve, reflux line connection
Tank.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107271568A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-10-20 | 广东石油化工学院 | A kind of experiment for pressure vessel device for acoustic emission detection |
| CN110068368A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-07-30 | 汉正检测技术有限公司 | State comprehensive detection system in a kind of container and pipeline |
| CN110308208A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-08 | 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 | A kind of pressure charging system and acoustic emission detection method of refrigeration pressure vessel |
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