CN107271278B - The model assay systems and method of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test - Google Patents
The model assay systems and method of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test Download PDFInfo
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- CN107271278B CN107271278B CN201710441219.9A CN201710441219A CN107271278B CN 107271278 B CN107271278 B CN 107271278B CN 201710441219 A CN201710441219 A CN 201710441219A CN 107271278 B CN107271278 B CN 107271278B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the model assay systems and method of a kind of test of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure, and the system comprises whole locating rack, number set radial contraction device, rubber sleeve, miniature soil pressure sensor and model casings；Whole locating rack includes pedestal, newel, several threaded posts, bolt fastener, rod reading plate and bolt load plate；Radial contraction device includes splicing cylinder, center control shaft, displacement orientation disk, spring unit, reading scale, loading bolt and ring clamping fastener.The present invention can simulate Circular Pit stage excavation process, and measure supporting construction lateral pressure；The lateral pressure that Circular Pit is unevenly displaced operating condition supporting construction along depth can be simulated, provides foundation for engineering design and supporting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the indoor model test systems and test method of a kind of base pit engineering, specifically, being related to a kind of circle
The model assay systems and test method of supporting construction upside pressure test during shape foundation pit stage excavation.
Background technique
Foundation pit gradually excavates off-load, is base pit engineering research with the regularity of distribution the features such as variation of soil pressure in supporting construction
Important content and supporting construction safety and supporting scheme selection foundation, the research of rectangle foundation pit is more, Circular Pit
It is layered off-load operating condition and less along the soil pressure research of depth non-uniform displacement operating condition, due to Circular Pit circumferential direction wedge action
In the presence of the regularity of distribution and lateral pressure of lateral pressure cause the changing rule of radial displacement to remain unknown with gradually off-load.Therefore, it opens up
The indoor model test for opening the soil pressure rule under above two operating condition is particularly necessary.
But currently, both at home and abroad about Circular Pit lateral pressure test model test apparatus it is actually rare, main problem
Be each segmental arc radial displacement of circular configuration uniformity be difficult to control and guarantee.Cylindrical structure lateral pressure device following documents and specially
On the books in benefit, existing Circular Pit indoor model experiments device is relatively fewer, and defect is obvious, is mainly shown as: cylinder
Piecemeal is less, and symmetry is poor；It is layered less, it is difficult to simulate multilayer step excavation operating condition.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of mould of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test
The radial displacement uniformity of type pilot system and method, the system and method is good, and Bit andits control and reading plotter principle are advanced, essence
Degree is high, it is convenient to read；Hierarchy number is more, and use is easy to operate.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of model test of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test is provided
System, the system comprises whole locating rack, number set radial contraction device, rubber sleeve, miniature soil pressure sensor and models
Case；
The entirety locating rack is equipped with a round base, a newel and several threaded posts, in which: the column of newel
The center of round base is fixed at end, and the styletable of several threaded posts is fixed on the circumference of round base, and newel and several
The cylinder of threaded post runs through number set radial contraction device, and is equipped with bolt load plate and rod reading on the top of newel
Plate；
Number covers the radial contraction device and successively stacks from the bottom up, and every set radial contraction device is equipped with displacement orientation
Disk, center control shaft and splicing cylinder, in which: the displacement orientation disk of number set radial contraction device is by newel and several bolts
Column runs through, and is fastened by bolts part and is fixed on several bolt columns；The center control shaft of number set radial contraction device is by jail
The center circle column tube and inverted round table for adhering knot one are constituted, and newel runs through center circle column tube, lower layer's radial contraction device
Center circle column tube passes through the center circle column tube that upper layer respectively covers radial contraction device, and two center circles of adjacent layer from inside respectively
Column tube is vertically free to slide along newel direction；The splicing cylinder of number set radial contraction device is separately fixed at the displacement in its set
It orients on disk, each splicing cylinder is by the T shape arcs of equal part to be spliced to form, and each T shape arcs are by differential of the arc piece and inner support
Board group is at T-type structure, and the inside edge top of interior fagging is wedge domatic；The inner support of displacement orientation disk and each T shape arcs
Spring fastenings are equipped between plate, center control shaft, which is moved up, shrinks with spring fastenings with common realization splicing cylinder
Radial contraction；
Multiple miniature soil pressure sensors are divided into ordered series of numbers, and are separately positioned on the splicing circle of number set radial contraction device
The T shape arcs of the equal arcs spaced position for the whole column casing that cylinder stacking is formed arrange；
The outermost of the whole column casing to be formed is laminated in the splicing cylinder that the rubber sleeve is covered on number set radial contraction device
On side surface；
The model casing is a cylindrical structure, for holding and carrying whole locating rack, number set radial contraction device
And pourable medium is used in experiment.
Preferably, radial contraction device described in every set still further comprises reading scale, loading bolt；
The loading bolt includes screw rod and nut, in which: screw rod runs through bolt load plate；Nut is exposed at bolt and adds
On the top surface of support plate.
It is described reading scale be arranged in each set radial contraction device center circle column tube top and loading bolt bottom end it
Between, reading scale is securely connect using pin with screw rod lower end, is securely connected with center tubular pillar top using snap ring fastener
It connects.
It is furthermore preferred that the diameter of the nut is 5cm~10cm, size is in order to screwing.
It is furthermore preferred that the reading scale uses steel material, to bear vertical loading force.
It is highly preferred that the snap ring fastener is made of slotted collar and bolt, open card ring set is in center circle column tube
Periphery is simultaneously fastened by bolts.
Preferably, in the whole locating rack:
The quantity of the threaded post is no less than three；
The top of the bolt load plate and newel securely connects, and is equipped with screw in the adjacent edges of bolt load plate
Hole, the screw rod of loading bolt is through the screw hole in bolt load plate, and the hole count of screw hole and radial contraction device
Tricks is equal；
The rod reading plate is set to the lower section of bolt load plate, and the spiral shell on rod reading plate with bolt load plate
Wire hole corresponding position has the rectangular opening for installing reading scale.
It is furthermore preferred that the bolt load plate is round slab component, radius is filled not less than top layer's radial contraction
The sum of snap ring fastener outer diameter and reading scale width for setting, thickness determines according to the rigidity condition of cantilever slab and meets simultaneously
Detailing requiments.
It is furthermore preferred that the not small Nmax*Sa of clear spacing of the rod reading plate and bolt load plate, in which: Sa be by
The active limiting displacement value of overall height estimation, Sa take the larger value of 2.5%*Rw Yu 0.2%* Η w, and Rw is splicing circular cylinder radius, Hw
For the total height of number set radial contraction device；Nmax is that the inverted round table ratio of slope of number set radial contraction device center control shaft is maximum
Value.
It is furthermore preferred that the size of the rectangular opening is greater than the sectional dimension of reading scale.
It is highly preferred that the radius of the round base is equal to the radius R of splicing cylinderw；
The radius of the newel is no more than 3 centimetres, and material uses steel, aluminium alloy；
The diameter of threaded post described in three is no more than 1.5 centimetres, and material uses steel, aluminium alloy.
Preferably, the radius Rw of the splicing cylinder in each set radial contraction device is equal, and Rw value is 10cm
~100cm, each height for splicing cylinder are determined by Practical Project through analog simulationWherein: Rw is splicing cylinder
Radius, Ri are the radius of practical Circular Pit, and Hi is the practical soil thickness of stage excavation, the corresponding practical spoil thickness of Hwi
The splicing cylinder heights of each set radial contraction device of degree, i=1,2,3,4 ....
Preferably, the height of the model casing is not less than total height of number set radial contraction device, and the radius of model casing is not
It is less thanWherein: RwTo splice circular cylinder radius, HwFor total height of number set radial contraction device, π is
Pi, Ba are the inside radius estimated value of model casing,For the internal friction angle of experiment pourable medium.
Preferably, the radius of the rubber sleeve is less than splicing circular cylinder radius Rw.
Preferably, in the splicing cylinder:
Differential of the arc piece in the T shape arcs is to divide cutting through Ns etc. by the complete cylinder that a radius is Rw and consider to cut open
The segmental arc formed after radian penalty values d caused by cutting, in which: Ns takes 24~36 not less than 18, Ns；The loss of radian caused by cutting
Value d is not less than 2 π Sa/Ns, is not more than 4 π Sa/Ns, takes 3 π Sa/Ns；The radian of differential of the arc piece is 2 π/NS- d/Ro, arc length are 2 π Ro/
Ns-d, the thickness tw of differential of the arc piece meet local stability requirement according to cantilever arc length and determine；
Inner support plate thickness t in the T shape arcsbNot less than the thickness t of differential of the arc piecew, the inside edge monolithic wheel of interior fagging
Exterior feature is in corner cut rectangle: upper part corner cut gradient is greater than 45 degree, and ratio of slope N value range is 5~20, and its underpart is equipped with an indent
Rectangular notch, the height of rectangular notch are greater than the outer diameter of spring fastenings, indent width be interior fagging overall width B 1/4~
1/3, and it is provided with pulling eye of the hole as setting spring fastenings in concave side vertical edge midpoint, the interior fagging on the downside of rectangular notch is residual
Reinforcement degree is not less than the thickness t of interior faggingb。
Preferably, in the center control shaft:
The surfaces externally and internally of the center circle column tube is smooth；The center circle column tube of adjacent layer radial contraction device: radius size,
The centered cylinder pipe outside diameter that the centered cylinder bore on upper layer is equal to lower layer adds 0.5mm to have more than needed value, to guarantee the center circle of lower layer
Column tube smoothly and just passes through the center circle column tube on upper layer from inside, and without shaking；The center circle column tube of height dimension, lower layer is high
The center circle column tube N'*Sa height on upper layer out, wherein N' is the inside edge top of the interior fagging of the radial contraction device on upper layer
It is the wedge domatic updip gradient, makes to splice the radial receipts of cylinder generation to guarantee that the center control shaft of radial contraction device on upper layer has
The enough vertical displacement spaces contracting displacement, that is, active limiting displacement value Sa；
The corner cut gradient i.e. stringent phase in wedge slope of the have a down dip gradient and the interior fagging top in T shape arcs of the inverted round table
Together；The lower end section radius Rn of inverted round table is not less than most the sum of path contracting radius Rcr and active limiting displacement Sa, the contracting of most path
Radius Rcr are as follows: according to Ns with a thickness of tbInterior fagging radial contraction to each inner end crest line when connecting, positive Ns deformation perimeter is approximate
Equal to the perimeter of most path contracting circle, the approximate limit radius acquired, Rcr=Ns*tw/2π。
Preferably, displacement orientation disk includes bottom plate, vertical orientation cylinder, convex wheel cap and radial slide disk；
Vertical orientation cylinder is located on bottom plate, and convex wheel cap is located at the top of vertical orientation cylinder, and three's coaxial line securely glues
Knot one, and go here and there and be through on the center circle column tube of undermost radial contraction device；Radial slide disk is trapezoidal by Ns arc side
The radial radial slot battle array being equidistantly spliced on bottom plate, it is radial to respectively correspond insertion for faggings in Ns in T shape arcs
In the radial radial slot battle array of slideway disk；The center opening of bottom plate and vertical orientation cylinder is controlled for center in insertion respectively respectively set
The center circle column tube of axis processed；It is also provided on bottom plate for the perforative circular hole of threaded post, each layer radial contraction is run through in threaded post
Fastening bolt is respectively arranged at the bottom plate upper and lower surfaces of device；The outer ledge of convex wheel cap is equipped with protrusion part, protrusion
It is separated by Ns hole to draw so that spring fastenings hook, radial radial slot, each T shape of the position in hole and quantity and radial slide disk
The interior fagging of arcs corresponds.
It is highly preferred that the bottom plate be circular sheet, radius no more than splicing circular cylinder radius Rw subtract splicing cylinder by
The active limiting displacement value Sa of overall height estimation；
The bottom plate is identical as the centre bore aperture of vertical orientation cylinder and the centered cylinder pipe outside diameter that is all larger than in this set, in
Heart hole aperture takes the centered cylinder pipe outside diameter in this set that 0.5mm is added to have more than needed size；
Displacement orientation in the upper end section of the inverted round table and the radial contraction device on upper layer tries to get to the heart of a matter plate apart from not small
In N*Sa, wherein N is that inverted round table in this layer of radial contraction device has a down dip the gradient.
The height Hz of the vertical orientation cylinder is greater than the rectangular notch height and indent of the interior fagging lower part indent of T shape arcs
Rectangular notch lower part scallop-height sum；
The width of the radial radial slot of the radial slide disk is greater than the inner support plate thickness t in T shape arcsb, take inner support
Plate thickness tb0.5mm is added to have more than needed size；
The radius of the convex wheel cap is not less than the lower end radii of inverted round table, the protrusion part at male rotor outer side of lid edge
Size is not less than 1cm.
Preferably, one end of the spring connection unit is connected to the indent rectangular notch in splicing cylinder on interior fagging
On aperture on inner side edge, the other end be connected to the corresponding aperture in displacement orientation disk camber gland outer ledge protrusion part
On；The diameter of the spring connection unit is 0.5cm~1.5cm.
Preferably, the radius of the miniature soil pressure sensor is 1cm~2cm, with a thickness of 4mm~8mm.
In the present invention: the bottom plate of the displacement orientation disk is only fixed in threaded post, and the center of bottom plate is equipped with hole, quilt
The center circle column tube of the center control shaft of lower layer's radial contraction device passes through and keeps apart with newel；Screw column and bolt are set
The purpose of fastener fixes each set radial contraction device for the bottom plate for orienting disk by fixed displacement indirectly；The work of newel
With being to guide a center control shaft perpendicular vertically free to slide, vertical accurate load is realized, and mention for the bolt load plate on top
For counter-force；Setting vertical orientation cylinder is to fix convex wheel cap on the bottom plate of displacement orientation disk, and male rotor covers the company of offering
The pulling eye of spring fastenings is connect, radial pull is generated for spring fastenings and the interior fagging of T shape arcs is pulled to provide basis, as long as in
Heart control shaft has vertical displacement, and spring fastenings pull interior fagging that can generate radial displacement, to realize radial contraction
Purpose, while meeting the original of wedge slope N times of relationship of ratio between the vertical displacement according to center control shaft and T shape arcs radial displacement
Reason, by reading vertical displacement realization to the pin-point reading of micro radial displacement amount.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of assembling method of above system is provided, steps are as follows:
(1) the T shape arcs for needing to lay each layer radial contraction device of miniature soil pressure sensor are respectively completed laying；
(2) round base is first fixed on to the center of model casing, it is then that newel and several threaded posts are solid respectively
It is scheduled on the center and circumferential position of round base；
(3) by the displacement of lowest level radial contraction device orientation disk be applied in step (1) newel and several threaded posts
On, and bolt fastener is covered to the top surface that displacement orientation disk is threaded in threaded post, the displacement orientation of bottom radial contraction device
Disk installation is in place；
(4) on the hole for the convex wheel cap that one end of each spring fastenings is separately mounted in lowest level displacement orientation disk；
(5) the interior fagging of T shape arcs each in lowest level radial contraction device is inserted radially into putting for radial slide disk one by one
It penetrates in shape radial slot battle array, and the spring fastenings other end in step (4) is respectively installed in corresponding T shape arcs under fagging
On the hole that portion's rectangular notch opens up, the splicing cylinder installation of bottom radial contraction device is in place；
(6) by the center control axle sleeve of bottom radial contraction device outside the newel of step (2), the bottom of step (3)
In the two gap in the center column tube of displacement orientation disk, so far, the installation of bottom radial contraction device is in place；
(7) first the bottom bolts fastener of the displacement orientation disk of fixation layer radial contraction device second from the bottom is covered in screw thread
On column, it is threaded to appropriate location at the top of first layer radial contraction device, flows height difference leeway to ensure the T shape of bottom radial contraction device
Arcs can be radial free to slide；Then the displacement orientation disk alignment hole location of layer radial contraction device second from the bottom is applied in step
Suddenly on the newel of (1) and several threaded posts；Again by the top of the displacement orientation disk of fixation layer radial contraction device second from the bottom
Bolt fastener covers on threaded rod, is threaded at the upper surface of displacement orientation disk, the displacement of layer radial contraction device second from the bottom
It is in place to orient disk installation；
(8) step (4) are repeated, one end of each spring fastenings is separately mounted to most lower by unilateral side installation spring fastenings
In the male rotor cap bore of layer displacement orientation disk；
(9) step (5) are repeated, assigns T shape arcs and installation spring fastenings, completes layer radial contraction device second from the bottom
Splicing cylinder installation；
(10) step (6) are repeated, installation center control shaft completes layer radial contraction device installation second from the bottom；
(11) step (7)~(10) are repeated, until after the radial contraction device of top layer completes installation, then by rubber sleeve set
It is laminated in the outermost surfaces for the whole column casing to be formed in the splicing cylinder of each layer radial contraction device；
(12) the reading scale of each set radial contraction device is separately connected to the top for the center circle column tube being fixed in each set
End position, rotation center cylindrical tube make to read scale face or each rectangular opening on rod reading plate；
(13) each loading bolt is screwed in from the screw hole of the bolt load plate at top, and with step (12) in install
Reading scale upper end securely connects；
So far, the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test install.
According to the third aspect of the invention we, a kind of earth pressure of supporting structure test of Circular Pit stage excavation operating condition is provided
Method includes the following steps:
(1) model test radius Rw is selected, according to the foundation pit radius R0 of Practical Project, stage excavation depth H i scaling module
The stage excavation depth value Hwi of test to determine the tricks of radial contraction device, and calculates the height Hwi of each set；
(2) assembling of the model assay systems using the test of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure, and turn are completed
Reading scale and center control shaft are pushed into lowermost end, and recorded at this time by the loading bolt at the top of each set radial contraction device
Scale value；
(3) selection angle of friction and the close loose sand of Practical Project, desired height is uniformly filled into model casing；
(4) loading bolt of first layer radial contraction device is screwed out upwards, and displacement is not less than N1*Sa1 at rotation, wherein Sa1
=max { 2.5%*Rw, 0.2%*Hw1 }, records and the pressure data for acquiring each miniature soil pressure sensor is opened to get first layer
Geostatic shield value when digging off-load on Circular Pit supporting side wall；
(5) loading bolt of first layer, second layer radial contraction device is screwed out upwards, and displacement is not less than Sa2*max at rotation
{ N1, N2 }, wherein Sa2=max { 2.5%*Rw, 0.2%* (Hw1+Hw2) }, records and acquires each miniature soil pressure sensor
Geostatic shield value when pressure data excavates off-load to get first layer, the second layer on Circular Pit supporting side wall；
(6) screw out upwards first layer, the second layer ..., the loading bolt of i-th layer of radial contraction device, displacement is not small at rotation
In Sai*max { N1, N2 ..., Ni }, wherein Sai=max { 2.5%*Rw, 0.2%* (Hw1+Hw2+ ...+Hwi) }, records and adopts
Collect the pressure data of each miniature soil pressure sensor to get first layer, the second layer ..., i-th layer of excavation off-load when Circular Pit branch
Protect the geostatic shield value on side wall；
Until stage excavation finishes, and experiment terminates when i=n.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The present invention uses radial contraction device, and radial displacement uniformity is good, and further, Bit andits control and reading plotter are former
Manage advanced, precision height, reading convenience；Hierarchy number is more, and use is easy to operate；
The present invention can simulate Circular Pit stage excavation and cross title, and measure supporting construction lateral pressure；
The present invention can simulate the lateral pressure that Circular Pit is unevenly displaced operating condition supporting construction along depth, be engineering design
Foundation is provided with supporting.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the 3-D view of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the 3-D view (model-free case) of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the elevation of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the part A enlarged drawing of Fig. 3 elevation；
Fig. 5 is the part B enlarged drawing of Fig. 3 elevation；
Fig. 6 is the 3-D view of the whole locating rack of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the first set radial contraction device 3-D view (from the bottom up) of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is second set of radial contraction device 3-D view (from the bottom up) of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 9 is that the third of one embodiment of the invention covers radial contraction device 3-D view (from the bottom up)；
Figure 10 is the 4th set of radial contraction device 3-D view (from the bottom up) of one embodiment of the invention；
Figure 11 is the displacement location disk three-dimensional view of the 4th set of (from the bottom up) radial contraction device of one embodiment of the invention
Figure；
In figure: 1-whole locating rack, 2-radial contraction devices, 3-round rubber thin film sleeves, 4-miniature soil pressures
Sensor, 5-model casings；6-round bases, 7-newels, 8-threaded posts, 9-rod reading plates, the load of 10-bolts
Plate, 11-center control shafts, 12-splicing cylinders, 13-displacement orientation disks, 14-returning springs, 15-reading scales, 16-
Loading bolt, 17-bolt fasteners；18-T shape arcs, 19-differential of the arc pieces, 20-interior faggings, 21-center circle column tubes, 22-
Inverted round table, 23-orient plate of trying to get to the heart of a matter, 24-radial slide disks, 25-vertical orientation cylinders, 26-convex glands；27-snap rings are tight
Firmware.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
It as shown in Figs. 1-5, is a kind of structure of the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test
Schematic diagram, the system can be used for Circular Pit stage excavation operating condition and along the non-homogeneous radial displacement operating condition supporting construction soil of depth
Pressure test, Fig. 1 are 240 degree of range sections of 3-D view.
As shown, the system comprises: whole locating rack 1, four sets of radial contraction devices 2, round rubber thin film sleeve
3, miniature soil pressure sensor 4, model casing 5；
The entirety locating rack 1 is equipped with newel 7, and the top of the newel 7 is equipped with bolt loading mechanism (including bolt
Load plate 10) and rod reading plate 9, four sets of radial contraction devices 2 of middle part connection of the newel 7；
Four sets of radial contraction devices 2 are sequentially placed from the bottom up, and connect the newel 7；Every set radial contraction
Device 2 is equipped with splicing cylinder 12 and center control shaft 11, and the splicing cylinder 12 splices structure by the interval of T shape arcs 18 of equal part
At T shape arcs 18 form T-type structure by differential of the arc piece 19 and interior fagging 20；The center control shaft 11 is by secure bond one
Center circle column tube 21 and inverted round table 22 are constituted, and the center circle column tube 21 for being placed in each set radial contraction device 2 of lower part is distinguished
It, can between two center circle column tubes 21 of adjacent layer from the internal center circle column tube 21 in the radial contraction device 2 on top
It is vertical free to slide, to realize radial contraction；
Multiple miniature soil pressure sensors 4 are separately positioned on the splicing cylinder 12 of four sets of radial contraction devices 2
Equal arcs spaced position T shape arcs 18 on；
The splicing cylinder 12 that the round rubber thin film sleeve 3 is covered on four sets of radial contraction devices 2 is spliced
The outermost of whole column casing；
The model casing 5 is a cylindrical structure, and inside is for carrying 1, four set of radial contraction device 2 of whole locating rack
And pourable medium is used in experiment.
As shown in fig. 6, in the preferred embodiment of part, the whole locating rack 1 include: round base 6, newel 7,
Three threaded posts 8, rod reading plate 9, bolt load plate 10；
The round base 6 is circular table base structure, is provided in the center of circular table base for installation center column 7
Hole, newel 7 assign into centre bore；One is respectively set on trisection point position on the circumference of 1/2 radius of round base 6
A threaded hole, for installing three threaded posts 8；The top of the centrally disposed column 7 of bolt load plate 10 and securely connect with newel 7
It connects, and is opened in the edge close to bolt load plate 10 and be used to that loading bolt 16 be installed there are four bolt hole；Rod reading plate 9 is set
It sets in the lower section of bolt load plate 10, and is provided with and four bolts hole in bolt load plate 10 in 9 edge of rod reading plate
The one-to-one rectangular channel in position is for installing reading scale 15；It is cased with bolt fastener 17 in the threaded post 8, and is close to every
Cover the above and below of the displacement orientation disk 13 of radial contraction device 2.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the round base 6 preferably organic glass material, thickness 2cm,
Radius is 50cm；The diameter of the centre bore opened up on the round base 6 is 3cm, the diameter of three threaded holes is 1.5cm；
The newel 7 is the aluminium alloy cylinder of diameter 3cm；
The threaded post 8 is the steel screw rod of diameter 1.5cm；
The rod reading plate 9 is aluminum alloy round ring flat-plate；
The bolt load plate 10 is steel ring flat-plate；
The bolt fastener 17 is steel circle bolt.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the rod reading plate 9 is not less than N* with the interval of bolt load plate 10
Sa, in which: N is 20 ratio of slope of interior fagging in the splicing cylinder 12 of radial contraction device 2；Sa is splicing 12 active limit position of cylinder
Estimated value is moved, according to splicing 12 radius R of cylinderwWith splicing 12 height H of cylinderwEstimation, preferred Sa take 2.5%*RwWith 0.2%*
HwThe larger value.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, in some embodiments, the radial contraction device 2, shares four sets, often from the bottom up
Set radial contraction device 2 includes: center control shaft 11, splicing cylinder 12, displacement orientation disk 13, returning spring 14, reading mark
Ruler 15, loading bolt 16 and snap ring fastener 27；Newel 7 in whole locating rack 1 is inserted in center control shaft 11, in
Heart control shaft 11 is positioned to four sets of radial contraction devices 2, guarantees four sets of 2 vertical non-alignments of radial contraction device.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, four sets of radial contraction devices 2 totally four center control shafts 11, often
A center control shaft 11 is made of the integral center circle column tube 21 of secure bond with inverted round table 22；Wherein: lower part respectively covers
The center circle column tube 21 of radial contraction device 2 passes through the center circle column tube 21 that top respectively covers radial contraction device 2 from inside respectively,
21 outer radius of center circle column tube of four sets of radial contraction devices 2 from lower to upper is respectively 3.0cm, 3.5cm, 4.0cm, 4.5cm,
The thickness of four center circle column tubes 21 be between 4.5mm, pipe gap be 0.5mm, the top of two center circle column tubes 21 of adjacent layer
End height difference 10cm；Four center circle column tubes 21 are organic glass material and its inner and outer surfaces is smooth；Four inverted round table
22 be organic glass material and its smooth outer surface, Gao Junwei 10cm；The lower end radii of four inverted round table 22 is 7cm,
22 lower end of inverted round table is 5cm away from orientation 23 height of plate of trying to get to the heart of a matter in the displacement orientation disk 13 of this set radial contraction device 2.
Four sets of radial contraction devices 2 totally four splicing cylinders 12, the radiuses of four splicing cylinders 12 be 50cm, height
For 25cm；Each splicing cylinder 12 is spaced 2mm by the T shape arcs 18 of 30 equal parts and is spliced to form, each T shape arcs 18 by
Differential of the arc piece 19, interior fagging 20 form T-type structure, in which: the thickness of differential of the arc piece 19 is 1.5cm, arc length 10.4cm；Interior fagging 20
Thickness is 1cm, a height of 24cm, width B are 39.5cm；The introversion gradient 1:5 on the inside edge top of interior fagging 20, lower part rectangle
Gap width is 9cm, is highly 1.5cm, and it is 5mm's that vertical edge midpoint is provided with diameter at the 1cm of side on the inside of rectangular notch
Pulling eye of the hole as setting returning spring 14, rectangular notch lower part inner male part height are 2.5cm.
Totally four displacements orient disk 13 to four sets of radial contraction devices 2, and it includes: that orientation is tried to get to the heart of a matter plate that four displacements, which orient disks 13,
23, radial slide disk 24, vertical orientation cylinder 25 and convex gland 26 (as shown in figure 11), in which: four orientations try to get to the heart of a matter plate 23
For the circular sheet of thick 1cm, radius 40cm, four orient the center difference aperture for plate 23 of trying to get to the heart of a matter, from the bottom up four centre bores
Radius be followed successively by 3.0cm, 3.5cm, 4.0cm, 4.5cm, orientation tries to get to the heart of a matter 23 centre bore of plate in insertion respectively respectively set
Center circle column tube 21, and be provided with respectively at three bolt hole positions corresponding with round base 6 on plate 23 of trying to get to the heart of a matter in each orient
The bolt hole of same radius, for being inserted into three threaded posts 8 of whole locating rack 1 respectively, each orientation for covering radial contraction device 2
Plate 23 of trying to get to the heart of a matter, which is located at the top of its lower layer's radial contraction device 2 and is fastened by bolts part 17 respectively, to be fixedly secured in whole positioning
On the newel 7 of frame 1 and three threaded posts 8；
Totally four radial slide disks 24, four radial slide disks 24 are trapezoidal by 30 arc sides for four sets of radial contraction devices 2
Interval 1.05cm is spliced, and 30 arc side trapezoidal interval forms sliding slot, the interior fagging 20 of the T shape arcs 18 of 30 equal parts
It is inserted radially into each sliding slot of radial slide disk 24 respectively；
Four sets of radial contraction devices 2 totally four vertical orientation cylinders 25, the height of four vertical orientation cylinders 25 is 5cm, under
Radius up is followed successively by 3.0cm, 3.5cm, 4.0cm, 4.5cm；
Totally four convex glands 26, the thickness of four convex glands 26 are 2cm, outer side edges to four sets of radial contraction devices 2
Edge protrusion partial radial width is that 1cm, thickness are 1cm, and the 1cm of outer ledge protrusion part is located at convex wheel cap 26
2cm thickness intermediate portion, and each convex gland 26 outer ledge protrusion part be provided with 30 diameters be 5mm hole for
Returning spring 14, which hooks, to be drawn, and the interior fagging 20 1 of each sliding slot of the position in hole and radial slide disk 24, each T shape arcs 18 is a pair of
It answers.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4,14 quantity of returning spring of four sets of radial contraction devices 2 and every set radial contraction device
T shape 18 quantity of arcs in 2 are identical, and the effect of returning spring 14 is that each T shape arcs 18 is pulled to move radially, to realize radial direction
The effect of contraction；In one end of returning spring 14 in every set radial contraction device 2 is connected in the splicing cylinder 12 in the set
On the hole of the lower rectangular inner side vertical edge midpoint of fagging 20, the other end be connected to displacement orientation 13 camber gland of disk
On the hole of 26 outer ledge protrusion part；The diameter of each returning spring 14 is 1.2cm.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, there are four the loading bolts 16 and is respectively inserted into spiral shell
In four bolts hole opened on 10 edge of bolt load plate, the upper end of loading bolt 16 is nut, lower end is screw rod, screw rod with
The upper end of reading scale 15 is connected and fixed, and snap ring fastener 27 is for reading between the lower end of scale 15 and center circle column tube 21
Connection；
There are four the reading scales 15 and is respectively inserted into four rectangular channels of 9 edge of rod reading plate setting；
There are four the snap ring fasteners 27, and four snap ring fasteners 27 are separately connected the lower end of four reading scales 15 simultaneously
It is separately fixed at the periphery of the center circle column tube 21 of four center control shafts 11.
The round rubber thin film sleeve 3 (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2), is covered on the splicing of four sets of radial contraction devices 2
In the outermost surfaces of the spliced whole column casing of cylinder 12, round rubber thin film sleeve 3 is used for isolation experiment pourable medium
With the gap between each T shape arcs 18；The radius of the round rubber thin film sleeve 3 is 48cm.
The miniature soil pressure sensor 4 (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2), has multiple and is separately positioned on radian approximation 120
On three differential of the arc pieces 19 in every set radial contraction device 2 of degree, miniature soil pressure sensor 4 is situated between for recording experiment with loose
The pressure that splicing 12 barrel of cylinder (i.e. T shape arcs 18) of verifying generates；The radius of multiple miniature soil pressure sensors 3 is
1.5cm, thickness are 5mm.
The model casing 5 (as shown in Figure 1), for holding radial contraction device 2 and experiment pourable medium, the circle
Shape pedestal 6 is placed in the middle of model casing 5 and is bolted；
The model casing 5 is the cylindrical tube shape structure of organic glass material, and the wall thickness of model casing 5 is 1.5cm, is highly
100cm, radius 50cm.
The system assembles process are as follows: each set radial contraction device 2 is successively gone here and there on newel 7, then by round rubber
On 3 sets of whole column casing outer surfaces formed after splicing cylinder 12 splicing of each set radial contraction device 2 of glue thin film sleeve.
The system work process are as follows:
Back-out loading bolt 16 upwards, the screw rod of 16 lower end of loading bolt drives reading scale 15 to move up, reads
Scale 15 drives center control shaft 11 to move up again, after generating displacement upwards due to the inverted round table 22 of center control shaft 11, and with
Each T shape arcs 18 generate radial spacing, and each T shape arcs 18 just generate radial position to center under the pulling force effect of returning spring 14
It moves, entire radial contraction device 2 just radial contraction, the sand outside radial contraction device 2 is to center flow, thus to T shape arcs
18 generate new pressure value, and the pressure value that the miniature soil pressure sensor 4 being arranged in T shape arcs 18 measures is to be measured
Pressure unloading.
In Fig. 4, Fig. 5:
Respectively cover top surface and its upper layer radial contraction of the inverted round table 22 of the center control shaft 11 of the radial contraction device 2
The top distance of the center control shaft 11 of device 2 is not less than the active limit for pressing overall height estimation according to each set radial contraction device 2
The product of 22 ratio of slope of inverted round table of the center control shaft 11 of shift value Sa and this set radial contraction device 2；
Respectively cover top section and the upper layer radial contraction of the inverted round table 22 of the center control shaft 11 of the radial contraction device 2
The orientation of device 2 spacing between plate 23 of trying to get to the heart of a matter is not less than the active limit estimated according to each set radial contraction device 2 by overall height
The product of 22 ratio of slope of inverted round table of the center control shaft 11 of shift value Sa and this set radial contraction device 2；
The Sa meets: Sa=max { 2.5%*Rw, 0.2%* (Hw1+Hw2+Hw3+Hw4), in which: RwSplice cylinder 2 half
Diameter, Hw1, Hw2, Hw3, Hw4The height of respectively each set radial contraction device 2.
The system applicable working condition includes: Circular Pit stage excavation and the radial displacement of Circular Pit supporting construction along perpendicular
To in non-uniform Distribution；Including two aspects:
One, the earth pressure of supporting structure test method of Circular Pit stage excavation operating condition, main points are as follows:
Back-out upwards one by one first set, second set, third set, the 4th set of radial contraction device 2 (corresponding first, second and third,
Four layers of radial contraction device 2) corresponding loading bolt 16, and record the letter of each miniature soil pressure sensor 4 when each unloading
Breath.
It specifically includes:
(1) loading bolt 16 for turning the 4th layer of radial contraction device 2 upwards, shifts up not less than N4*Sa4, in which:
Sa4 is according to the extreme displacement value of the height estimation of the 4th layer of radial contraction device 2, Sa4=max { 2.5%*Rw,
0.2%*Hw4, N4 is 22 ratio of slope of inverted round table of the center control shaft 11 of the 4th layer of radial contraction device 2；
The pressure value that miniature soil pressure sensor 4 in the T shape arcs 18 of each layer radial contraction device 2 records, as the
One layer of soil pressure force value excavated when off-load；
(2) loading bolt 16 for turning third and fourth layer of radial contraction device 2 upwards shifts up respectively not less than N3*
Sa3, N4*Sa3, in which:
Sa3 is the extreme displacement S highly estimated according to third and fourth layer of radial contraction device 2a3=max { 2.5%*Rw,
0.2%* (Hw3+Hw4), N3, N4 are respectively 22 slope of inverted round table of the center control shaft 11 of third and fourth layer of radial contraction device 2
Rate；
The pressure value that miniature soil pressure sensor 4 in the T shape arcs 18 of each layer radial contraction device 2 records, as on
Two layers of soil pressure force value excavated when off-load；
(3) turn upwards second and third, the loading bolt 16 of four layers of radial contraction device 2, shift up and be not less than respectively
N2*Sa2, N3*Sa3, N4*Sa4, in which:
Sa2 be according to second and third, the extreme displacement S that highly estimates of four layers of radial contraction device 2a2=max { 2.5%*Rw,
0.2%* (Hw2+Hw3+Hw4), N2, N3, N4 be respectively second and third, the center control shaft 11 of four layers of radial contraction device 2 is fallen
Set 22 ratio of slope of rotary table；
The pressure value that miniature soil pressure sensor 4 in the T shape arcs 18 of each layer radial contraction device 2 records, as on
Three layers of soil pressure force value excavated when off-load；
(4) loading bolt 16 for turning first, second, third and fourth layer of radial contraction device 2 upwards shifts up not small respectively
In N1*Sa1, N2*Sa1, N3*Sa1, N4*Sa1, in which:
Sa1 is the extreme displacement S highly estimated according to first, second, third and fourth layer of radial contraction device 2a1=max { 2.5%*
Rw, 0.2%* (Hw1+Hw2+Hw3+Hw4), N1, N2, N3, N4 are respectively the center of first, second, third and fourth layer of radial contraction device 2
22 ratio of slope of inverted round table of control shaft 11；
The pressure value that miniature soil pressure sensor 4 in the T shape arcs 18 of each layer radial contraction device 2 records, as entirely
Excavate soil pressure force value when off-load in four layers of portion.
Two, the earth pressure of supporting structure test method of Circular Pit vertically non-homogeneous radial displacement operating condition, main points are as follows:
According to the displacement request of setting, the corresponding loading bolt 16 of four sets of radial contraction devices 2 is disposably turned to setting
Displacement request, each loading bolt 16 read the information of each miniature soil pressure sensor 4 again after being provided with.
It is specific:
According to preset Circular Pit side wall radial displacement curve, the load spiral shell of each layer radial contraction device 2 is turned one by one
Bolt 16 is to be arranged the radial displacement value of each layer radial contraction device 2；After being provided with, the T shape of each layer radial contraction device 2 is read
The pressure value that miniature soil pressure sensor 4 in arcs 18 records, the corresponding soil of non-homogeneous radial displacement mode as set
Pressure value.
Above embodiments are by taking four sets of radial contraction devices as an example, and the quantity of radial contraction device can in other embodiments
To be set as needed, the setting of other building blocks need to only do corresponding adjustment.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test, it is characterised in that: the system packet
Include whole locating rack, number set radial contraction device, rubber sleeve, miniature soil pressure sensor and model casing；Wherein:
The entirety locating rack is equipped with a round base, a newel and several threaded posts, in which: the styletable of newel is solid
Styletable due to the center of round base, several threaded posts is fixed on the circumference of round base, and newel and several screw threads
The cylinder of column runs through number set radial contraction device, and is equipped with bolt load plate and rod reading plate on the top of newel；
Number covers the radial contraction devices and successively stacks from the bottom up, every set radial contraction device be equipped with displacement orientation disk, in
Heart control shaft and splicing cylinder, in which: the displacement orientation disk of number set radial contraction device is passed through by newel and several bolt columns
It wears, and is fastened by bolts part and is fixed on several bolt columns；The center control shaft of number set radial contraction device is by securely viscous
The center circle column tube and inverted round table for tying one are constituted, and newel runs through center circle column tube, the center of lower layer's radial contraction device
Cylindrical tube passes through the center circle column tube that upper layer respectively covers radial contraction device, and two center circle column tubes of adjacent layer from inside respectively
It is vertically free to slide along newel direction；The splicing cylinder of number set radial contraction device is separately fixed at the orientation of the displacement in its set
On disk, each splicing cylinder is by the T shape arcs of equal part to be spliced to form, and each T shape arcs are by differential of the arc piece and inner support board group
Inside edge top at T-type structure, and interior fagging is wedge domatic；Displacement orientation disk and each T shape arcs interior fagging it
Between be equipped with spring fastenings, center control shaft, which is moved up, shrinks with spring fastenings with the radial direction of common realization splicing cylinder
It shrinks；
Multiple miniature soil pressure sensors are divided into ordered series of numbers, and are separately positioned on the splicing cylinder layer of number set radial contraction device
The T shape arcs of the equal arcs spaced position of the folded whole column casing formed arrange；
The outermost table for the whole column casing to be formed is laminated in the splicing cylinder that the rubber sleeve is covered on number set radial contraction device
On face；
The model casing is a cylindrical structure, for holding and carrying whole locating rack, number set radial contraction device and reality
It tests and uses pourable medium.
2. the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 1, feature
It is, radial contraction device described in every set still further comprises reading scale, loading bolt；
The loading bolt includes screw rod and nut, in which: screw rod runs through bolt load plate；Nut is exposed at bolt load plate
Top surface on, the diameter of nut is 5cm~10cm, and size is in order to screwing；
The reading scale is arranged between the top of each set radial contraction device center circle column tube and the bottom end of loading bolt, reads
Number scale is securely connect using pin with screw rod lower end, is securely connect with center tubular pillar top using snap ring fastener；It reads
Number scale uses steel material to bear vertical loading force.
3. the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 2, feature
It is, the system has following any one or more features:
--- the quantity of the threaded post is no less than three；
--- the top of the bolt load plate and newel securely connects, and is equipped with screw in the adjacent edges of bolt load plate
Hole, the screw rod of loading bolt is through the screw hole in bolt load plate, and the hole count of screw hole and radial contraction device
Tricks is equal；Bolt load plate is round slab component, and radius is not less than the snap ring fastener of top layer's radial contraction device
The sum of outer diameter and reading scale width, thickness determine according to the rigidity condition of cantilever slab and meet detailing requiments simultaneously；
--- the rod reading plate is set to the lower section of bolt load plate, and the spiral shell on rod reading plate with bolt load plate
Wire hole corresponding position has the rectangular opening for installing reading scale, and the size of rectangular opening is greater than the section ruler of reading scale
It is very little；The not small Nmax*Sa of clear spacing of rod reading plate and bolt load plate, in which: Sa is the active limit position estimated by overall height
Shifting value, Sa take the larger value of 2.5%*Rw Yu 0.2%* Η w, and Rw is splicing circular cylinder radius, and Hw is number set radial contraction device
Total height；Nmax is the inverted round table ratio of slope maximum value of number set radial contraction device center control shaft；
--- the snap ring fastener is made of slotted collar and bolt, open card ring set center circle column tube periphery simultaneously
It is fastened by bolts.
4. the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 1, feature
Be: the system has following any one or more features:
--- the radius Rw of the splicing cylinder in each set radial contraction device is equal, and Rw value is 10cm~100cm,
The height of each splicing cylinder is determined by Practical Project through analog simulationWherein: Rw is splicing circular cylinder radius, R0
For the radius of practical Circular Pit, Hi is the practical soil thickness of stage excavation, the corresponding practical each set for excavating soil thickness of Hwi
The splicing cylinder heights of radial contraction device, i=1,2,3,4 ...；
--- the height of the model casing covers total height of radial contraction device not less than number, and the radius of model casing is not less thanWherein: RwTo splice circular cylinder radius, HwFor total height of number set radial contraction device, π is circumference
Rate,For the internal friction angle of experiment pourable medium, Ba is the inside radius estimated value of model casing；
--- the radius of the rubber sleeve is less than splicing circular cylinder radius Rw.
5. the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 1, feature
It is, the splicing cylinder has following any one or more features:
--- the differential of the arc piece in the T shape arcs is to divide cutting through Ns etc. by the complete cylinder that a radius is Rw and consider to cut open
The segmental arc formed after radian penalty values d caused by cutting, in which: Ns takes 24~36 not less than 18, Ns；The loss of radian caused by cutting
Value d is not less than 2 π Sa/Ns, is not more than 4 π Sa/Ns, takes 3 π Sa/Ns；The radian of differential of the arc piece is 2 π/NS-d/Ro, arc length be 2 π Ro/
Ns-d, the thickness t of differential of the arc piecewMeet local stability requirement according to cantilever arc length to determine；
--- the inner support plate thickness t in the T shape arcsbNot less than the thickness t of differential of the arc piecew, the inside edge monolithic wheel of interior fagging
Exterior feature is in corner cut rectangle: upper part corner cut gradient is greater than 45 degree, and ratio of slope N value range is 5~20, and its underpart is equipped with an indent
Rectangular notch, the height of rectangular notch are greater than the outer diameter of spring fastenings, indent width be interior fagging overall width B 1/4~
1/3, and it is provided with pulling eye of the hole as setting spring fastenings in concave side vertical edge midpoint, the interior fagging on the downside of rectangular notch is residual
Reinforcement degree is not less than the thickness t of interior faggingb。
6. the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 1, feature
It is, the system has following any one or more features:
--- the surfaces externally and internally of the center circle column tube is smooth；The center circle column tube of adjacent layer radial contraction device: radius size,
The centered cylinder pipe outside diameter that the centered cylinder bore on upper layer is equal to lower layer adds 0.5mm to have more than needed value, to guarantee the center circle of lower layer
Column tube smoothly and just passes through the center circle column tube on upper layer from inside, and without shaking；The center circle column tube of height dimension, lower layer is high
The center circle column tube N'*Sa on upper layer out, wherein N' is that the inside edge top of the interior fagging of the radial contraction device on upper layer is
The wedge domatic updip gradient makes to splice cylinder generation radial contraction position to guarantee that the center control shaft of radial contraction device on upper layer has
The enough vertical displacement spaces shifting amount, that is, active limiting displacement value Sa；
--- the corner cut gradient i.e. stringent phase in wedge slope of the have a down dip gradient and the interior fagging top in T shape arcs of the inverted round table
Together；The lower end section radius Rn of inverted round table is not less than the sum of most path contracting radius Rcr and active limiting displacement value Sa；Most path
Contracting radius Rcr are as follows: according to Ns with a thickness of tbInterior fagging radial contraction to each inner end crest line when connecting, positive Ns deformation perimeter is close
The approximately equal to perimeter of most path contracting circle, the approximate limit radius acquired, Rcr=Ns*tw/2π。
7. the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 6, feature
It is, the displacement orientation disk includes bottom plate, vertical orientation cylinder, convex wheel cap and radial slide disk；
Vertical orientation cylinder is located on bottom plate, and convex wheel cap is located at the top of vertical orientation cylinder, and three's coaxial line secure bond one
Body, and go here and there and be through on the center circle column tube of undermost radial contraction device；Radial slide disk is trapezoidal the bottom of at by Ns arc side
The radial radial slot battle array being equidistantly spliced on plate, faggings respectively correspond insertion radial slide in Ns in T shape arcs
In the radial radial slot battle array of disk；The center opening of bottom plate and vertical orientation cylinder is for center control shaft in insertion respectively respectively set
Center circle column tube；It is also provided on bottom plate for the perforative circular hole of threaded post, each layer radial contraction device is run through in threaded post
Bottom plate upper and lower surfaces at be respectively arranged with fastening bolt；The outer ledge of convex wheel cap is equipped with protrusion part, and protrusion is separated
There is Ns hole to draw so that spring fastenings hook, radial radial slot, each T shape arcs of the position in hole and quantity and radial slide disk
Interior fagging correspond.
8. the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 7, feature
It is, the system has following any or appoints several features:
--- the bottom plate is circular sheet, and radius subtracts what splicing cylinder was estimated by overall height no more than splicing circular cylinder radius Rw
Active limiting displacement value Sa；
--- the bottom plate is identical as the centre bore aperture of vertical orientation cylinder and the centered cylinder pipe outside diameter that is all larger than in this set, in
Heart hole aperture takes the centered cylinder pipe outside diameter in this set that 0.5mm is added to have more than needed size；
--- the displacement orientation in the upper end section of the inverted round table and the radial contraction device on upper layer tries to get to the heart of a matter plate apart from not small
In N*Sa, in which: N is that inverted round table in this layer of radial contraction device has a down dip the gradient；
--- the height Hz of the vertical orientation cylinder is greater than the rectangular notch height and indent of the interior fagging lower part indent of T shape arcs
Rectangular notch lower part scallop-height sum；
--- the width of the radial radial slot of the radial slide disk is greater than the inner support plate thickness t in T shape arcsb, take interior fagging
Thickness tb0.5mm is added to have more than needed size；
--- the radius of the convex wheel cap is not less than the lower end radii of inverted round table, the protrusion part at male rotor outer side of lid edge
Size is not less than 1cm.
9. a kind of model test of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test according to claim 1-8
The assembling method of system, which comprises the steps of:
(1) the T shape arcs for needing to lay each layer radial contraction device of miniature soil pressure sensor are respectively completed laying；
(2) round base is first fixed on to the center of model casing, is then separately fixed at newel and several threaded posts
On the center and circumferential position of round base；
(3) the displacement orientation disk of lowest level radial contraction device is applied in newel and the several threaded posts of step (1), and
Bolt fastener is covered to the top surface that displacement orientation disk is threaded in threaded post, the displacement orientation disk installation of bottom radial contraction device
In place；
(4) on the hole for the convex wheel cap that one end of each spring fastenings is separately mounted in lowest level displacement orientation disk；
(5) the interior fagging of T shape arcs each in lowest level radial contraction device is inserted radially into the radial of radial slide disk one by one
In radial slot battle array, and the spring fastenings other end in step (4) is respectively installed to fagging lower part square in corresponding T shape arcs
On the hole that v notch v opens up, the splicing cylinder installation of bottom radial contraction device is in place；
(6) by the center control axle sleeve of bottom radial contraction device outside the newel of step (2), the displacement of the bottom of step (3)
It orients in the two gap in the center column tube of disk, so far, the installation of bottom radial contraction device is in place；
(7) first the bottom bolts fastener of the displacement orientation disk of fixation layer radial contraction device second from the bottom is covered in threaded post
On, it is threaded to appropriate location at the top of first layer radial contraction device, stays height difference leeway to ensure the T shape arc of bottom radial contraction device
Piece can be radial free to slide；Then the displacement orientation disk alignment hole location of layer radial contraction device second from the bottom is applied in step
(1) on newel and several threaded posts；Again by the top spiral shell of the displacement orientation disk of fixation layer radial contraction device second from the bottom
Bolt fastener covers in threaded post, is threaded at the upper surface of displacement orientation disk, and the displacement of layer radial contraction device second from the bottom is fixed
It is in place to disk installation；
(8) step (4) are repeated, one end of each spring fastenings is separately mounted to lowest level position by unilateral side installation spring fastenings
It moves in the male rotor cap bore of orientation disk；
(9) step (5) are repeated, assigns T shape arcs and installation spring fastenings, completes the spelling of layer radial contraction device second from the bottom
Connect cylinder installation；
(10) step (6) are repeated, installation center control shaft completes layer radial contraction device installation second from the bottom；
(11) step (7)~(10) are repeated, until the radial contraction device of top layer is completed after installing, then rubber sleeve is covered each
The splicing cylinder of layer radial contraction device is laminated in the outermost surfaces for the whole column casing to be formed；
(12) the reading scale of each set radial contraction device is separately connected to the top position for the center circle column tube being fixed in each set
It sets, rotation center cylindrical tube, makes to read scale face or each rectangular opening on rod reading plate；
(13) each loading bolt is screwed in from the screw hole of the bolt load plate at top, and the reading with installation in step (12)
Scale upper end securely connects；
So far, the model assay systems of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure test install.
10. a kind of supporting construction soil pressure of the Circular Pit stage excavation operating condition using any one of the claim 1-8 system
Force test method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) it selectes model test and splices circular cylinder radius Rw, according to the foundation pit radius R0 of Practical Project, stage excavation depth H i is changed
The stage excavation depth value of model test is calculated, to determine the tricks of radial contraction device, and calculates the corresponding practical excavation of each set
The splicing cylinder heights Hwi of each set radial contraction device of soil thickness；
(2) assembling of the model assay systems using the test of Circular Pit stage excavation supporting lateral pressure is completed, and turn respectively covers
Reading scale and center control shaft are pushed into lowermost end, and record scale at this time by the loading bolt at the top of radial contraction device
Value；
(3) selection angle of friction and the close loose sand of Practical Project, desired height is uniformly filled into model casing；
(4) loading bolt of first layer radial contraction device is screwed out upwards, and displacement is not less than N1*Sa1 at rotation, wherein Sa1=max
{ 2.5%*Rw, 0.2%*Hw1 } is recorded and is acquired the pressure data of each miniature soil pressure sensor and unload to get first layer excavation
Geostatic shield value when lotus on Circular Pit supporting side wall；
(5) loading bolt for screwing out first layer, second layer radial contraction device upwards, at rotation displacement not less than Sa2*max N1,
N2 }, wherein Sa2=max { 2.5%*Rw, 0.2%* (Hw1+Hw2) }, records and acquires the pressure of each miniature soil pressure sensor
Geostatic shield value when data excavate off-load to get first layer, the second layer on Circular Pit supporting side wall；
(6) screw out upwards first layer, the second layer ..., the loading bolt of i-th layer of radial contraction device, be displaced at rotation and be not less than
Sai*max { N1, N2 ..., Ni }, wherein Sai=max { 2.5%*Rw, 0.2%* (Hw1+Hw2+ ...+Hwi) }, records and acquires
The pressure data of each miniature soil pressure sensor to get first layer, the second layer ..., i-th layer of excavation off-load when Circular Pit supporting
Geostatic shield value on side wall；
Until stage excavation finishes, and experiment terminates when i=n.
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| CN101126240A (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-20 | 上海电力设计院有限公司 | Method for controlling foundation pit deformation by using time difference effect in foundation pit excavating process |
| CN101915698A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2010-12-15 | 同济大学 | Testing method for simulating precipitation earth lateral pressure coefficient change of foundation pit |
| CN103308394A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-09-18 | 东南大学 | Measuring device of pressure coefficient at static side |
| CN105716960A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江大学 | Foundation pit excavation model test device used in complicated groundwater environment |
| CN107389446A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-11-24 | 上海交通大学 | It is layered off-load and non-homogeneous sidesway supporting lateral pressure test model apparatus and method |
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