CN107271276A - A kind of test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107271276A CN107271276A CN201710392182.5A CN201710392182A CN107271276A CN 107271276 A CN107271276 A CN 107271276A CN 201710392182 A CN201710392182 A CN 201710392182A CN 107271276 A CN107271276 A CN 107271276A
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- rock mass
- prismatical joint
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- failure mechanism
- joint rock
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and the test method of failure mechanism, comprises the following steps：1) cement mortar is prepared according to the mechanical characteristic of actual rock mass, prepares positive six prismsby body sample；2) positive six prismsby body sample is spliced to form to the prismatical joint rock mass sample model of class cuboid, the square column jointed rock mass test specimen of different angle is made in maintenance, cutting, polishing；3) prismatical joint rock test piece is placed in rock rheometer, its horizontal direction is fixed, slowly applies axle pressure, until test specimen is destroyed, stress, strain data in record process of the test；4) test data to record is handled, and obtains the relation between the ess-strain of prismatical joint rock mass, and the stress-strain relation reflects the stress and failure mechanism of rock mass.The present invention is demonstrated prismatical joint rock mass stress and destruction situation in the method for model test, has the advantages that cheap, simulation degree is high, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock mechanics and engineering field, it is related to a kind of method of rock mechanics experiment research, and in particular to
A kind of test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism.
Background technology
In the southwest of China, water resource is enriched, and is in the first, second ladder intersection of China, and drop is very big,
Hydraulic power potentials enriches, and suitably builds large hydraulic engineering facility.But the complicated geological structure in southwest governs building for engineering
If being Chinese second largest power station positioned at the white crane beach power station in Jinsha jiang River downstream, its diversion tunnel is built in prismatical joint rock mass band
In, its security and stability receives serious threat.
Prismatical joint rock mass is as a kind of typical Structure Rock, and due to the presence of columnar joint structure, it is deformed and strong
Degree shows significant anisotropic properties.Jinsha jiang River white crane beach Dam Site area prismatical joint basalt and general column section
Reason basalt is compared, and substantially, its prismatical joint rises and falls, irregularly feature, and cylinder section is irregular and cutting is incomplete, in cylinder
Microfissure is developed, and low-angle dip structural texture face is also relatively developed in rock mass, and Rock Mass Integrality is poor, but in broken mosaic structure.In vain
The dam foundation prismatical joint basalt exposure of He Tan power stations left bank is in 665m elevations, and 670~665m elevations are prismatical joint basalt
It is prismatical joint Black Warrior petrographic province below changeover portion, 665m elevations.
5 diversion tunnels (wherein 3, right bank arrangement 2 are arranged in left bank), overall length are arranged in white crane beach power station altogether
8980.27m, wherein, Black Warrior grotto section overall length in prismatical joint is 2450m.
In the Black Warrior grotto section excavation supporting work progress of prismatical joint, the main geologic problem of generation has:1. sent out in rock mass
Unstable block knot is easily formed after giving birth to a large amount of irregular longitudinal directions (parallel columns) and laterally (vertical column) microfissure, excavation
Structure；2. vulnerability to jamming is poor, and rock mass easily relaxes after off-load, causes local buckling occur, occurs relaxation deformation, the chip off-falling that comes off, collapses
Deng bad geological phenomenon；3. the prismatical joint rock mass of non-immediate support can continue occur relaxation Behavior Under Unloading Condition, and destruction can be continuous
Ground develops toward rock mass deep；4. there is different degrees of wall caving phenomenon in the higher region of local crustal stress, jeopardize workmen.
In this regard, scientific research personnel's common practice is to carry out simulated test at the scene, but the huge spy of hydraulic engineering earth volume
Point constrains its feasibility；Another method is to carry out laboratory test, but sampling, measurement, molding, the triviality meeting shadow of experiment
Ring the duration of engineering.In order to overcome these difficult, it would be desirable to take a kind of easy but the research method of true property, mould without misalignment
Type experiment because its cost is relatively low, be easy to volume production, become our selection simulation degree is high.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The present invention's is directed to problems of the prior art, it is proposed that one kind determines prismatical joint rock mass
The test method of stress and failure mechanism.
Technical scheme：The test method of a kind of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress of the present invention and failure mechanism, bag
Include following steps：
1) cement mortar is prepared according to the mechanical characteristic of actual rock mass, is poured into after being sufficiently stirred in mould, prepares positive six rib
Cylinder sample；
2) obtained positive six prismsby body sample mutually spliced along its six sides, form class cuboid prismatical joint rock mass
Sample model, is conserved to sample model, is cut, is polished, and the square column jointed rock mass test specimen of different angle is made；
3) obtained prismatical joint rock test piece is placed in rock rheometer, its horizontal direction is fixed, slowly applied
Axle pressure, until test specimen is destroyed, stress, strain data in record process of the test；
4) test data to record is handled, and obtains the relation between the ess-strain of prismatical joint rock mass, is
The stress and failure mechanism of the rock mass.
Specifically, in step (1), mould is cylinder, its longitudinal direction offers cellular slotted eye, and cement mortar is poured into the groove
Kong Zhong, stands after being put on shake table fully vibration, is taken out after after cement mortar shaping, is placed at shady and cool ventilation and conserves, produces
Positive six prismsby body sample.
Preferably, slotted eye is blind hole.It can so ensure that cement mortar conserves the stage not again after maintenance formative stage, form removal
It can be lost in.
Further, mould may be split into multiple die assemblies in the horizontal, and any die assembly includes cellular slotted eye
A part, and adjacent two die assembly splicing after form cellular slotted eye.After after cement mortar solidification shaping, mould is disassembled
The demoulding can be completed, is stripped more convenient.
In above-mentioned steps (2), it is adhesively fixed between adjacent positive six prismsby body sample by bonding agent.It is preferred that, bonding
Agent is white cement or black cement.
In above-mentioned steps (2), the inclination angle of prismatical joint rock test piece can be 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 ° or 90 °.
Preferably, in step (3), rock rheometer has including stopper slot, water-filling is entered to test specimen by stopper slot tool
Square to fixation.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：Really fixed column shape jointed rock mass stress of the invention
And the test method of failure mechanism is by application model pilot demonstration prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism, scene examination is reduced
The huge cost tested, it is to avoid the triviality of laboratory test, utilizes the spy of inexpensive, the easy volume production of model test, high simulation degree
Point, solves studying a question for prismatical joint rock stability well, and theoretical foundation is provided for its engineering construction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are the structural representation of mould therefor in test method of the invention；
Fig. 1 b disassemble schematic diagram for the part of mould therefor in the test method of the present invention；
The structural representation for the positive six prismsby sample that Fig. 2 a make in the test method for the present invention；
The class cuboid prismatical joint rock mass that Fig. 2 b are spliced to form in the test method for the present invention by positive six prismsby sample
The structural representation of sample model；
Fig. 3 be the present invention test method in obtained inclination angle be that 45 ° of prismatical joint rock test piece is placed in Mineral rheology
Structural representation in instrument；
The stress-strain relation of prismatical joint rock mass of the Fig. 4 to be obtained in embodiment according to the test method of the present invention is bent
Line；
Fig. 5 be embodiment in prismatical joint rock mass sectional drawing.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress of the present invention and the test method of failure mechanism, comprise the following steps：
1) cement mortar is prepared according to the mechanical characteristic of actual rock mass, is poured into after being sufficiently stirred in mould 1, prepares positive six rib
Cylinder sample 3；
Such as Fig. 1 a, mould 1 can be cylinder, and its longitudinal direction offers cellular slotted eye 2, and the quantity of slotted eye 2 can be one or many
It is individual, cement mortar is poured into the slotted eye 2, stood after being put on shake table fully vibration, is taken after after cement mortar solidification shaping
Go out, be placed at shady and cool ventilation and conserve a period of time, produce positive six prismsby body sample 3, such as Fig. 2 a.
For convenience of the cement mortar demoulding after curing molding, mould 1 can be set to removable formal similarity, mould 1 is in horizontal stroke
Multiple die assemblies 11 are may be split into upwards, and each die assembly 11 includes a part for slotted eye 2, such as Fig. 1 b, two neighboring mould
Tool component 11 can form cellular slotted eye 2 after splicing；After after cement mortar solidification shaping, the adjacent molds group of slotted eye 2 will be constituted
Part 11, which is disassembled, can complete the demoulding of positive six prismsby sample 3 in the slotted eye 2, be stripped more convenient.
Wherein, slotted eye 2 can be blind hole, be set to blind hole, its one end closing, it is ensured that cement mortar maintenance, into
The type stage will not be lost in.
2) obtained positive six prismsby body sample 3 mutually spliced along its six sides, form class cuboid prismatical joint rock
Body sample model 4, is conserved to it, is cut, is polished, and the square column jointed rock mass test specimen 5 of different angle is made；
Such as Fig. 2 a of positive six prismsby body sample 3 are made, multiple positive six prismsby body samples 3 are spliced along its side, it is adjacent
Positive six prismsby body sample 3 between be adhesively fixed by bonding agent, bonding agent can be white cement or black cement, such as Fig. 2 b, finally
It has been spliced to form class rectangular-shape prismatical joint rock mass sample model 4；The sample model 4 is placed at shady and cool ventilation and conserves one section
After time, artificial cutting, polishing are entered to it, the square column jointed rock mass test specimen 5 of different angle, prismatical joint rock is prepared
The inclination angle of body test specimen 5 can be 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 ° or 90 ° seven kinds of angles.
3) obtained prismatical joint rock test piece 5 is placed in rock rheometer 6, such as Fig. 3, its horizontal direction is fixed,
It is slow to apply axle pressure, until test specimen is destroyed, stress, strain data in record process of the test；
It is optional using carry stopper slot away from rock rheometer, have by the stopper slot and horizontal direction carried out to test specimen
It is fixed.
4) test data to record is handled, and obtains the relation between the ess-strain of prismatical joint rock mass, should be answered
Stress-strain relationship discloses the stress and failure mechanism of prismatical joint rock mass, among Practical Project.
Embodiment：
The test method of a kind of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism, comprises the steps
1) level of cast material matches somebody with somebody " cement needed for being calculated according to the mechanical characteristic of live rock sample：Sand：Water " is " 3000:
1500:1250 ", and cement mortar of this grade with is produced, it is sufficiently stirred for, adds appropriate water reducer, improve its property；
2) 4 die assemblies 11 are spliced into the mould 1 for preparing positive six prismsby sample, it includes equally distributed 9 honeybees
Nest shape slotted eye 2, such as Fig. 1 a~1b, a width of 10 centimetres of the length of mould 1 are high 17 centimetres, and cement mortar is poured into slotted eye 2, to protect
The uniformity of mortar is demonstrate,proved, we are using bigbore injector for medical purpose toward filling mortar in slotted eye 2；
3) prevent from coming off with strength rubber band fixing mould 1, mould 1 is put on shake table and fully vibrated, it is rear to stand
24h；
4) mould 1 is disassembled into multiple die assemblies 11 along slotted eye 2 after 24h, positive six prismsby body is taken out from mould 1,
Maintenance 15d at shady and cool ventilation is placed in, the positive six prismsby sample 3 that the length of side is 1 centimetre, a height of 15 centimetres, such as Fig. 2 a is obtained；
5) grow up by obtained positive six prismsby body sample 3 along its six side splicings and with binding agent (white cement) bonding,
Wide 40 cm, such as class cuboid prismatical joint rock mass sample model 4 of high 10 cm, Fig. 2 b, is placed on cool place
Ventilation conserves 15d；
6) obtained class cuboid sample model 4 is manually cut, polished, prepare inclination angle be 45 °, the length of side be 8
Centimetre square column jointed rock mass test specimen 5；
7) prismatical joint rock test piece 5 is placed in rock rheometer 6, such as Fig. 3, has using its stopper slot carried and limit
The displacement of the horizontal direction of prismatical joint rock test piece 5；
8) adjusting instrument equipment, it is slow to apply axle pressure, until ess-strain changes in test specimen destruction, record said process；
9) post-processing is carried out to test data and process, obtains its stress-strain diagram, such as Fig. 4, we can be found that
Prismatical joint rock mass has different mechanical characteristics compared with common rock, and strain reaches that stress is maximum when reaching 0.015
Value；Sectional drawing such as Fig. 5 of prismatical joint rock test piece 5 after destruction, its damage -form is also relevant with its construction face, approximately along
Construction face is destroyed.
Claims (8)
1. the test method of a kind of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) cement mortar is prepared according to the mechanical characteristic of actual rock mass, is poured into after being sufficiently stirred in mould, prepares positive six prismsby body
Sample；
2) obtained positive six prismsby body sample is mutually spliced to, formed the prismatical joint rock mass examination of class cuboid along its six sides
Original mold type, is conserved to sample model, is cut, is polished, and the square column jointed rock mass test specimen of different angle is made；
3) obtained prismatical joint rock test piece is placed in rock rheometer, its horizontal direction is fixed, slowly applies axle pressure,
Until test specimen is destroyed, stress, strain data in record process of the test；
4) test data to record is handled, and obtains the relation between the ess-strain of prismatical joint rock mass, is the rock
The stress and failure mechanism of body.
2. the test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress according to claim 1 and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that
In step (1), the mould is cylinder, and its longitudinal direction offers cellular slotted eye, cement mortar is poured into the slotted eye, is put into and shakes
Stand, taken out after after cement mortar solidification shaping after fully being vibrated on dynamic platform, be placed at shady and cool ventilation and conserve, produce positive six prismsby
Body sample.
3. the test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress according to claim 2 and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that
The slotted eye is blind hole.
4. the test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress according to claim 2 and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that
The mould may be split into multiple die assemblies in the horizontal, and any die assembly includes a part for slotted eye, and adjacent two mould
Cellular slotted eye is formed after tool component splicing.
5. the test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress according to claim 1 and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that
In step (2), it is adhesively fixed between adjacent positive six prismsby body sample by bonding agent.
6. the test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress according to claim 5 and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that
The bonding agent is white cement or black cement.
7. the test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress according to claim 1 and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that
In step (2), the inclination angle of the prismatical joint rock test piece is 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 ° or 90 °.
8. the test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress according to claim 1 and failure mechanism, it is characterised in that
In step (3), the rock rheometer has including stopper slot, has the fixation that horizontal direction is carried out to test specimen by the stopper slot.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710392182.5A CN107271276A (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | A kind of test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism |
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| CN201710392182.5A CN107271276A (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | A kind of test method of determination prismatical joint rock mass stress and failure mechanism |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109060486A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-21 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of concrete plasticity phase difference stress damage test material preparation method |
| CN112414827A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-26 | 河南理工大学 | Preparation method of heterogeneous anisotropic transparent rock-like material sample |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706393A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Method for determining representative elementary volume (REV) of columnar jointed rock mass through similarity model |
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2017
- 2017-05-27 CN CN201710392182.5A patent/CN107271276A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706393A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Method for determining representative elementary volume (REV) of columnar jointed rock mass through similarity model |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 巢志明 等: ""柱状节理岩体渗透性模型试验研究"", 《岩土工程学报》 * |
| 肖维民 等: ""单轴压缩条件下柱状节理岩体变形和强度各向异性模型试验研究"", 《岩石力学与工程学报》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109060486A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-21 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of concrete plasticity phase difference stress damage test material preparation method |
| CN112414827A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-26 | 河南理工大学 | Preparation method of heterogeneous anisotropic transparent rock-like material sample |
| CN112414827B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2023-07-07 | 河南理工大学 | Preparation method of heterogeneous anisotropic transparent rock-like material sample |
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