CN107270725A - Aluminium electrolytic equipment, aluminium electroloysis system and method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell - Google Patents
Aluminium electrolytic equipment, aluminium electroloysis system and method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN107270725A CN107270725A CN201710443438.0A CN201710443438A CN107270725A CN 107270725 A CN107270725 A CN 107270725A CN 201710443438 A CN201710443438 A CN 201710443438A CN 107270725 A CN107270725 A CN 107270725A
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- flue gas
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- smoke collecting
- waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of aluminum electrolysis, more particularly to a kind of aluminium electrolytic equipment, aluminium electroloysis system and method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell.Smoke gas collecting apparatus in aluminium electrolytic equipment includes smoke collecting cover, and smoke collecting cover is arranged on the top of the burner in aluminium cell, and the air inlet of smoke collecting cover is opened wide downward and is aligned with burner.Thus, directly high-temperature flue gas is collected in jet-burner using smoke collecting cover, it is to avoid high-temperature flue gas merges cooling inside aluminium cell outer cover with cold air, can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat.Aluminium electroloysis system includes above-mentioned aluminium electrolytic equipment and flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, and method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell exchanges heat the high-temperature flue gas being collected into and water using the flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus in aluminium electroloysis system to form superheated steam for generating electricity and supplying aluminium electrolytic equipment.Aluminium electroloysis system of the present invention and exhaust heat recovering method can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat and carry out waste heat recycling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium electroloysis field of energy-saving technology, more particularly to a kind of aluminium electrolytic equipment, aluminium electroloysis system and aluminium electricity
Solve groove flue gas waste heat recovery method.
Background technology
At present, aluminium electroloysis is all the cryolite-alumina fusion electrolysis method that uses, and aluminium electrolytic equipment includes aluminium cell, aluminium
Electrolytic cell outer cover and smoke gas collecting apparatus.In the electrolytic process, aluminium cell imports powerful direct current, aluminum oxide, fluoride salt
Electrolyte is melted under 950 DEG C~970 DEG C of hot conditions, and by complicated chemical reaction, oxygen in aluminium cell
Change aluminium to decompose, separate out liquid metal aluminium in the bottom land of aluminium cell, in anode, aluminum oxide reacts with carbon, discharge gas, it is main
It is CO to want composition2And CO, also comprising a small amount of HF and SO2, anode release gas can also carry partial oxidation aluminium powder and solid-state
Fluoride particles.It can be burnt because bath surface temperature is at 950 DEG C or so, and in jet-burner part CO, so in fire
Mouthful place understands 950 DEG C or so of discharge temperature or is not less than 950 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas.
Existing smoke gas collecting apparatus is included in discharge, discharge insertion aluminium cell outer cover, in aluminium cell outer cover
Tiny structure is formed, substantial amounts of cold air is had and enters inside aluminium cell outer cover, reduction enters in aluminium cell outer cover from burner
The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas in portion, the temperature for the flue gas finally collected through discharge is at 120-130 DEG C, and the residual heat resources of high-quality become
Into low-grade residual heat resources, recovery difficult is big, and it is low to reclaim quality.According to statistics, in the waste heat loss of aluminium cell, aluminium
Heat loss is about 8% at electrolytic cell outer cover, and fume emission heat loss is about 35%.It is existing because low temperature exhaust heat cost recovery is higher
The most aluminium electrolytic equipments having do not carry out the waste heat recovery of high-quality to the flue gas in aluminium cell, cause serious
Energy waste.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problem to be solved
Set it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of aluminium electroloysis that can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat
It is standby.
It can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat it is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of and carry out remaining
The aluminium electroloysis system that heat is recycled.
Returned it is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of using the aluminium cell fume afterheat of above-mentioned aluminium electroloysis system
Receiving method, the flue gas waste heat recovery method can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat and carry out waste heat recycling.
(2) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that the present invention is used include:
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of aluminium electrolytic equipment, including aluminium cell, aluminium cell outer cover and fume collection dress
Put, smoke gas collecting apparatus includes:Smoke collecting cover, smoke collecting cover is arranged on the top of the burner in aluminium cell, and flue gas is received
Collection cover includes air inlet and gas outlet, and air inlet is opened wide downward and is aligned with burner;Pipeline is exported, entering for pipeline is exported
Mouth is connected with the gas outlet of smoke collecting cover, exports the outlet of pipeline and the ft connection of aluminium cell outer cover;Air-introduced machine, air inducing
Machine is connected with export pipeline, the air-flow for forming the exit movement from the air inlet direction export pipeline of smoke collecting cover.
According to the present invention, the lower edge of the air inlet of smoke collecting cover and the vertical range of burner are located at 10-200mm model
In enclosing.
According to the present invention, air inlet is located at 1-3 scope in the overall diameter of lower edge and the ratio of interior diameter of burner
It is interior.
According to the present invention, heat-insulation layer is enclosed with the outer wall of smoke collecting cover and export pipeline.
According to the present invention, the air inlet of smoke collecting cover is along towards downwardly direction flaring.
According to the present invention, smoke collecting cover is set on the tremie pipe extended towards burner.
According to the present invention, there are multiple burners, smoke gas collecting apparatus includes multiple smoke collecting covers, multiple in aluminium cell
Smoke collecting cover is corresponded with multiple burners and set, and delivery line road has multiple entrances, multiple entrances and multiple fume collections
The gas outlet of cover is connected correspondingly.
According to the present invention, export pipeline includes multiple branch pipes and a house steward, and the entrance of multiple branch pipes is received with multiple flue gases
The gas outlet of collection cover corresponds connection, and the outlet of multiple branch pipes is connected with house steward;In multiple smoke collecting covers, smoke collecting cover
More remote apart from house steward, the vertical range between the lower edge of its air inlet and corresponding burner is bigger.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of aluminium electroloysis system, including more than any of the above-described aluminium electrolytic equipment and flue gas
Heat reclamation device;Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus includes:There is exhaust gases passes and water stream channel, cigarette in heat transmission equipment, heat transmission equipment
Outlet of the entrance of gas passage with exporting pipeline is connected, and water stream channel is at least partially situated in exhaust gases passes;Steam turbine generator,
The outlet of the steam receiving terminal and water stream channel of steam turbine generator is connected, the confession of the feeder ear and aluminium electrolytic equipment of steam turbine generator
Electric installation is connected.
According to the present invention, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus also includes CO concentration detectors and the igniting being arranged on export pipeline
Device, when the CO concentration that CO concentration detectors are detected is more than 12.5%, ignition device, to light in export pipeline
CO。
According to the present invention, aluminium electroloysis system also includes dust separation system, and dust separation system includes adsorbent bed and cloth bag
Deduster, the entrance and the outlet of exhaust gases passes of adsorbent bed, another entrance is added thereto for aluminum oxide, adsorbent bed
Solid outlet be connected with the feed bin being fed for aluminium cell, the gas vent of adsorbent bed is connected with the entrance of sack cleaner,
The solid outlet of sack cleaner is connected with the feed bin being fed for aluminium cell, and adsorbent bed and sack cleaner are filtered out in flue gas
Aluminum oxide and fluoride and it is sent into feed bin from the two solid outlet.
According to the present invention, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus also includes outlet and the entrance of exhaust gases passes for being connected to export pipeline
Between gravitational dust collection room.
According to the present invention, steam turbine generator has exhaust steam outlet, and flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus also includes exporting with exhaust steam connecting
The condenser connect and the oxygen-eliminating device being connected with condenser and water stream channel.
Further aspect of the present invention provides a kind of aluminium cell flue gas waste heat recovery of use any of the above-described aluminium electroloysis system
Method, comprises the following steps:S1, the high-temperature flue gas using smoke collecting cover collection jet-burner;S2, using exporting pipeline by flue gas
In the exhaust gases passes of high-temperature flue gas feeding heat transmission equipment in collecting hood;S3, using heat transmission equipment high-temperature flue gas and water are carried out
Heat exchange, forms superheated steam;S4, using the superheated steam produced by step S3 steam turbine generator is promoted to generate electricity, and by electric power
Supply the electric supply installation of aluminium electrolytic equipment.
According to the present invention, in step s 2, when the CO concentration of the high-temperature flue gas in exporting pipeline is more than 12.5%, light a fire
Device is lighted a fire, to light the CO in export pipeline.
According to the present invention, also comprise the following steps:In S5, step S3 heat exchange type into low-temperature flue gas sequentially pass through absorption
Bed and sack cleaner, filter out the aluminum oxide and fluoride in low-temperature flue gas and send into feed bin;What S6, steam turbine generator were formed
Aqueous water feeding water stream channel is formed after the condensed device of exhaust steam and oxygen-eliminating device;In step s 2, export pipeline is first by high-temperature flue gas
Gravitational dust collection room gravitational dust collection is sent into, the high-temperature flue gas after gravitational dust collection enters exhaust gases passes.
(3) beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The aluminium electrolytic equipment of the present invention, directly collects high-temperature flue gas, it is to avoid high temperature cigarette using smoke collecting cover in jet-burner
Gas merges cooling inside aluminium cell outer cover with cold air, can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat.
The aluminium electroloysis system of the present invention, can exchange heat the high-temperature flue gas being collected into and water, form superheated steam, and will overheat
Steam, which introduces steam turbine generator, to be used to generate electricity, then by electrical energy transportation to aluminium electrolytic equipment.Thus, aluminium electroloysis system of the invention
The flue gas with high-quality waste heat can be collected into and waste heat recycling is carried out, be that aluminium cell is powered.
The method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell of the present invention, using above-mentioned aluminium electroloysis system, collects high-temperature flue gas,
Then the high-temperature flue gas being collected into and water are exchanged heat, forming superheated steam, and superheated steam is introduced into steam turbine generator is used to send out
Electricity, afterwards by electrical energy transportation to aluminium electrolytic equipment.Thus, method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell of the invention can be collected into
Flue gas with high-quality waste heat simultaneously carries out waste heat recycling, is that aluminium cell is powered.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram for the aluminium electrolytic equipment that embodiment one is provided;
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of smoke gas collecting apparatus in the aluminium electrolytic equipment that embodiment one is provided;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation for the aluminium electroloysis system that embodiment two is provided.
【Reference】
1:Smoke collecting cover;2:Air inlet;3:Gas outlet;4:Burner;5:Export pipeline;6:Heat-insulation layer;7:Tremie pipe;8:
Branch pipe;9:House steward;10:Heat transmission equipment;11:Exhaust gases passes;12:Water stream channel;13:Steam turbine generator;14:CO Concentration Testings
Instrument;15:Igniter;16:Sack cleaner;17:Gravitational dust collection room;18:Condenser;19:Oxygen-eliminating device;20:Outside aluminium cell
Cover;21:The flue gas ascent stage;22:Longitudinal flue gas manifold trunk;23:Horizontal flue gas manifold trunk;24:Turbine unit;25:Generator
Component;26:Power network;27:Waste heat boiler;28:Drum;29:Preheating section;30:Evaporator section;31:Superheat section;32:Preheating section passage;
33:Evaporator section passage;34:Superheat section passage;35:Water circulating pump;36:End air-introduced machine;37:Chimney;38:Feed bin;39:Absorption
Bed;H:The lower edge of the air inlet of smoke collecting cover and the vertical range of burner;D1:The interior diameter of burner;D2:Air inlet is under
The overall diameter of edge.
Embodiment
In order to preferably explain the present invention, in order to understand, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by embodiment, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.Wherein, the directional terminology such as " on ", " under " involved by this paper, ginseng is orientated with what is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3
Examine.
Embodiment one
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a kind of aluminium electrolytic equipment is provided in the present embodiment, the aluminium electrolytic equipment include aluminium cell,
Aluminium cell outer cover 20 and smoke gas collecting apparatus.Aluminium cell is used to hold anode, electrolyte of electrolysis etc., outside aluminium cell
Cover 20 is covered on aluminium cell.Smoke gas collecting apparatus includes smoke collecting cover 1, export pipeline 5 and air-introduced machine (not shown).
Specifically, smoke collecting cover 1 is arranged on the top of the burner 4 in aluminium cell, and smoke collecting cover 1 includes air inlet
2 and gas outlet 3, air inlet 2 is opened wide downward and is aligned with burner 4.Export the entrance and smoke collecting cover 1 of pipeline 5
Gas outlet 3 is connected, and exports the outlet of pipeline 5 and the ft connection of aluminium cell outer cover 20.Air-introduced machine is connected with export pipeline 5,
Air-flow for forming air inlet 2 towards the exit movement of export pipeline 5 from smoke collecting cover 1 (shows air-flow in Fig. 1
Flow direction).Thus, high-temperature flue gas is directly collected at burner 4 using smoke collecting cover 1, it is to avoid high-temperature flue gas is in aluminium electroloysis
The inside of groove outer cover 20 merges cooling with cold air, can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat.The aluminium electrolytic equipment application
When, at burner 4, after crust breaking and loading, 950 DEG C or so of high-temperature flue gas is produced, high-temperature flue gas is directly entered smoke collecting cover 1
In.
In order to prevent outside that high-temperature flue gas spills into aluminium cell outer cover 20 from causing the pollution of external environment, it is necessary to by
Air-introduced machine forms air-flow to keep the micro-vacuum state in aluminium cell outer cover 20, thus, in the present embodiment, by fume collection
Cover 1 gas outlet 3 with burner 4 above and below be spaced a distance.
Further, if the vertical range of the lower edge and burner 4 of the air inlet 2 of smoke collecting cover 1 is too small, it can not protect
Demonstrate,prove the micro-vacuum state in aluminium cell outer cover 20;The lower edge of the air inlet 2 of smoke collecting cover 1 and the vertical range H of burner 4
If excessive, a large amount of cold airs in aluminium cell outer cover 20 are mixed into smoke collecting cover 1 with high-temperature flue gas, substantially reduce height
The temperature of warm flue gas, reduces residual heat collection effect.Thus, the lower edge of the air inlet 2 of smoke collecting cover 1 is vertical with burner 4
Distance is located in the range of 10-200mm, can be controlled cold while it is in micro-vacuum state to ensure in aluminium cell outer cover 20
The soakage of air, it is ensured that the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas entered in export pipeline 5 is more than 600 DEG C.
Further, air inlet 2 is located at 1-3 model in the overall diameter D2 and the interior diameter D1 of burner 4 of lower edge ratio
In enclosing, to allow high-temperature flue gas to fully enter in smoke collecting cover 1 as far as possible.
In the present embodiment, export pipeline 5 is fixed on aluminium cell outer cover 20, and smoke collecting cover 1 is consolidated with export pipeline 5
Connect calmly, and then smoke collecting cover 1 is suspended on inside aluminium cell outer cover 20 by export pipeline 5.Specifically, in the present embodiment
In, export pipeline 5 is connected on the feed bin 38 in aluminium cell outer cover 20 by connector, that is, is exported pipeline 5 and hung in feed bin
On 38.Certainly, the present invention is not limited to this, and smoke collecting cover 1 can be fixed in aluminium cell outer cover 20 by any-mode, example
On the inwall for being such as directly anchored to aluminium cell outer cover 20, or the support being fixed on inside aluminium cell outer cover 20 is first-class.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, smoke collecting cover 1 is set on the tremie pipe 7 extended towards burner, blanking
Pipe 7 is connected with feed bin 38, for sending into raw material into aluminium cell.Also, smoke collecting cover 1 is coaxially disposed with tremie pipe 7, is
Ensure sealing, tremie pipe 7 is welded together with smoke collecting cover 1, or sealing structure is set (for example in the junction of the two
Sealing ring, fluid sealant etc.).Preferably, smoke collecting cover 1 includes air inlet 2 and the flue gas being connected with the top of air inlet 2 rises
Section 21, the flue gas ascent stage 21 constitutes opening, forms gas outlet 3 in cylinder, the top of flue gas ascent stage 21.Air inlet 2 is in circle
Platform shape, along towards downwardly direction flaring.Certainly, the present invention is not limited to this, in other embodiments, and smoke collecting cover 1 is overall
Can be in along the shape towards downwardly direction flaring.It is so designed that, helps to gather and collect high-temperature flue gas.
And the outlet for exporting pipeline 5 can be provided on the outer wall of aluminium cell outer cover 20 or by aluminium electroloysis
The outer wall of groove outer cover 20, which stretches out, is directly connected to follow-up equipment.And exporting pipeline 5 can be formed by connecting by multistage sub-pipes
The pipeline of Split type structure or one.The structure of export pipeline 5 is not limited, as long as can be by the height in smoke collecting cover 1
Warm flue gas export aluminium cell outer cover 20 is simultaneously externally supplied to follow-up equipment at it, and follow-up equipment can be in embodiment two
The heat transmission equipment of restriction or various fume treatment auxiliaries, certainly, if high-temperature flue gas is up to standard, export pipeline 5 also can be straight
Connect and high-temperature flue gas is discharged into air.
Further, in the present embodiment, smoke collecting cover 1 and export pipeline 5 are made by high-temperature refractory steel.Received in flue gas
Heat-insulation layer 6 is enclosed with the outer wall of collection cover 1 and export pipeline 5, to reduce heat loss of the high-temperature flue gas in course of conveying.It is excellent
Selection of land, heat-insulation layer 6 is high-performance insulation fibre felt.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, there are multiple burners 4 in aluminium cell, multiple burners 4 are arranged in rectangular
Row.Smoke gas collecting apparatus includes multiple smoke collecting covers 1, and multiple smoke collecting covers 1 are also arranged in rectangular, with multiple burners 4
Correspond and set.In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 being with the smoke collecting cover 1 arranged along the longitudinal direction of aluminium cell
Longitudinal row, is laterally row with the transversely arranged smoke collecting cover 1 along aluminium cell.
In the present embodiment, export pipeline 5 includes multiple branch pipes 8, multiple longitudinal flue gas manifold trunks 22, a horizontal flue gas
Manifold trunk 23 and a house steward 9.The entrance of the entrance formation export pipeline 5 of branch pipe 8, entrance and the multiple flue gases of multiple branch pipes 8
The gas outlet 3 of collecting hood 1 is connected correspondingly, and branch pipe 8 is inclined upwardly setting along the direction away from gas outlet 3, to be conducive to
The export of high-temperature flue gas.In multiple branch pipes 8, corresponding to branch pipe 8 and longitudinal flue gas of the smoke collecting cover 1 in a longitudinal row
Manifold trunk 22 is connected, and longitudinal flue gas manifold trunk 22 is used to collect the high-temperature flue gas that the smoke collecting cover 1 in a longitudinal row is discharged.
And all longitudinal flue gas manifold trunks 22 are connected with a horizontal flue gas manifold trunk 23, horizontal flue gas manifold trunk 23 is all for collecting
High-temperature flue gas in longitudinal flue gas manifold trunk 22, horizontal flue gas manifold trunk 23 is connected with house steward 9, the flow direction of high-temperature flue gas by
Arrow in Fig. 2 is shown.It is understood that in the present embodiment, outlet and the house steward 9 of multiple branch pipes 8 converge by multiple longitudinal flue gases
Collector 22 is connected with a horizontal flue gas manifold trunk 23.Certainly, the present invention is not limited to this, in other embodiments, according to fire
The quantity and arrangement of mouth 4, the arrangement of export pipeline 5 can also change, as long as can collect the high-temperature flue gas of all burners 4
Gather.In addition, in the present embodiment, flue gas manifold trunk 22 is hung on feed bin 38 longitudinally in each.
Further, in the case of with multiple smoke collecting covers 1, because the smoke collecting cover 1 of diverse location is apart from total
The position of pipe 9 is different, causes the flue gas pressures at each smoke collecting cover 1 inconsistent, so by changing smoke collecting cover 1
The lower edge of air inlet 2 and the vertical range H of burner 4 adjust the pressure of flue gas at smoke collecting cover 1, multiple fume collections
In cover 1, smoke collecting cover 1 is more remote apart from house steward 9, the vertical range between the lower edge of its air inlet 2 and corresponding burner 4
It is bigger, to reduce the resistance of suction cold air;Smoke collecting cover 1 is nearer apart from house steward 9, the lower edge of its air inlet 2 with it is relative
Vertical range between the burner 4 answered is smaller, to increase the resistance of suction cold air.
Embodiment two
Reference picture 3, the present embodiment provides a kind of aluminium electroloysis system, and the aluminium electroloysis system includes the aluminium in above-described embodiment one
Electrolysis installation and flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus.Wherein, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus includes heat transmission equipment 10 and steam turbine generator
13.There is exhaust gases passes 11 and water stream channel 12, the outlet of the entrance and export pipeline 5 of exhaust gases passes 11 connects in heat transmission equipment 10
Connect, to receive the high-temperature flue gas that export pipeline 5 is discharged.Water stream channel 12 is at least partially situated in exhaust gases passes 11, so that its
In water and exhaust gases passes 11 in high-temperature flue gas exchange heat, form superheated steam.The steam receiving terminal and water of steam turbine generator 13
The outlet connection of circulation road 12, to receive superheated steam.The steam turbine 24 that superheated steam enters in steam turbine generator 13, promotes vapour
Turbine 24 is rotated, and drives the generator 25 in steam turbine generator 13 to generate electricity, and produces electric energy.The feeder ear and aluminium of steam turbine generator 13
The electric supply installation connection of electrolysis installation, aluminium electrolytic equipment is supplied to by the electric energy of generation.For example, the electric supply installation of aluminium electrolytic equipment
For the power network 26 of on-site.Certainly, electric supply installation is not limited to power network 26, is connected to what is powered for aluminium electrolytic equipment according to operating mode
Any device.Thus, the aluminium electroloysis system of the present embodiment can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat and carry out remaining
Heat is recycled, and is that aluminium cell is powered.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, heat transmission equipment 10 includes waste heat boiler 27 and drum 28, and exhaust gases passes 11 are arranged on
In waste heat boiler 27, and preheating section 29, evaporator section 30 and superheat section 31 are followed successively by from top to bottom.Water stream channel 12 includes preheating section
Passage 32, evaporator section passage 33 and superheat section passage 34, the entrance of preheating section passage 32 are used to receive the feed water system of boiler to send
Cooling water, the outlet of preheating section passage 32 connects with the bottom of drum 28, after cooling water enters in preheating section passage 32, will be from
The low-temperature flue gas that evaporator section 29 comes is further cooled to 90 DEG C, and the water being preheated enters drum 28;Evaporator section passage 33 enters
Mouth is connected with the bottom of drum 28, and the saturation water being provided with evaporator section passage 33 in water circulating pump 35, drum 28 is being followed
Enter evaporator section passage 33 in the presence of ring water pump 35 and carry out heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas positioned at evaporator section 29, form carbonated drink
Mixture, the outlet of evaporator section passage 33 is connected with the middle part of drum 28, and steam water interface is entered in drum 28;Superheat section leads to
The entrance in road 34 is connected with the top of drum 28, and the saturated vapor at the top of drum 28 enters superheat section passage 34, in superheat section 31
Heat exchange is carried out with high-temperature flue gas, superheated steam is formed.Heat-exchanger rig is arranged such, and is conducive to the pressure control of flue gas and steam
System, is also beneficial to improve waste heat recovery efficiency.
Further, in the present embodiment, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus also includes the CO concentration inspection being arranged on export pipeline 5
Instrument 14 and igniter 15 are surveyed, CO concentration detectors 14 are used to detect CO concentration in the high-temperature flue gas in export pipeline, as the CO
When concentration is more than 12.5%, igniter 15 is lighted a fire, and lights the CO in the high-temperature flue gas in export pipeline so that in export pipeline
CO after-flames, and then cause the chemical energy in high-temperature flue gas to be converted into heat energy, improve flue-gas temperature, the waste heat of recycling increases
Plus.
Specifically, CO concentration detectors 14 can be connected with the communication of igniter 15, and CO is detected in CO concentration detectors 14
When concentration is more than 12.5%, enabling signal is sent to igniter 15, igniter 15 is lighted a fire when receiving enabling signal.When
So, independent controller is may also set up, controller is connected with CO concentration detectors 14 and the communication of igniter 15, CO Concentration Testings
The real-time CO concentration detected is sent to controller by instrument 14, and controller sends enabling signal when CO concentration is more than 12.5%,
Igniter 15 is lighted a fire when receiving enabling signal.
Further, in the present embodiment, aluminium electroloysis system also includes dust separation system, and dust separation system includes absorption
Bed 39 and sack cleaner 16, an entrance of adsorbent bed 39 and the outlet of exhaust gases passes 11, another entrance oxygen supply
Aluminium is added thereto, and the aluminum oxide in adsorbent bed 39 can adsorb the fluoride in the low-temperature flue gas of exhaust gases passes outlet discharge, by
It it is 90 DEG C or so in low-temperature flue gas temperature, aluminum oxide easily adsorbs fluoride.The solid outlet of adsorbent bed 39 is with being aluminium cell
The feed bin 38 of feed is connected, and the aluminum oxide feeding of absorption fluoride is returned in the feed bin 38 being fed for aluminium cell, is used as aluminium electricity
The raw material of solution.The gas vent of adsorbent bed 39 is connected with the entrance of sack cleaner 16, and the low-temperature flue gas for removing fluoride is sent
Enter into sack cleaner 16, sack cleaner 16 filters out the aluminum oxide in low-temperature flue gas, and sack cleaner 16 is consolidated
Body outlet is connected with for the feed bin 38 that aluminium cell is fed, so that aluminum oxide is sent into feed bin 38 from solid outlet, former as electrolysis
Material.Low-temperature flue gas after being purified through sack cleaner 16 is discharged into air after entering chimney 37 through end air-introduced machine 36.
Further, in the present embodiment, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus also includes outlet and the flue gas for being connected to export pipeline 5
Gravitational dust collection room 17 between the entrance of passage 11.High-temperature flue gas is introduced into gravitational dust collection room 17 before being exchanged heat, will be big
Granule dust is removed.CO concentration detectors 14 and igniter 15 are arranged on being connected with gravitational dust collection room 17 for export pipeline 5
On end.
Further, in the present embodiment, the steam turbine 25 in steam turbine generator 13 is exported with exhaust steam, flue gas waste heat recovery
Device also includes exporting the condenser 18 being connected with exhaust steam and connected with the preheating section passage 32 of condenser 18 and water stream channel 12
The oxygen-eliminating device 19 connect.Condenser 18 is passed through in the exhaust steam come out from steam turbine 25, then enters the feed water system of boiler by oxygen-eliminating device 19,
Because drum 28 will carry out periodical blowdown, it is necessary to carry out appropriate moisturizing.
In the aluminium electroloysis system, the flow direction of fluid is shown by the arrow in Fig. 3.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment provides a kind of aluminium cell flue gas waste heat recovery side of the aluminium electroloysis system of use embodiment two
Method.Specifically, with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, this method comprises the following steps:
S1, utilize smoke collecting cover 1 collect burner 4 at high-temperature flue gas;
S2, using export pipeline 5 by smoke collecting cover 1 high-temperature flue gas send into heat transmission equipment 10 exhaust gases passes 11
In;
S3, using heat transmission equipment 11 high-temperature flue gas and water is subjected to heat exchange, forms superheated steam;
S4, using the superheated steam produced by step S3 promote steam turbine generator 13 to generate electricity, and supply power to aluminium electroloysis
The electric supply installation of equipment.
Thus, high-temperature flue gas is collected, then the high-temperature flue gas being collected into and water exchange heat, superheated steam is formed, and
Superheated steam is introduced into steam turbine generator is used to generate electricity, afterwards by electrical energy transportation to aluminium electrolytic equipment.Thus, aluminium of the invention electricity
Solution groove flue gas waste heat recovery method can be collected into the flue gas with high-quality waste heat and carry out waste heat recycling, be aluminium electroloysis
Groove is powered.
Specifically, in step sl, the high-temperature flue gas at burner 4 enters fume collection from the air inlet 2 of smoke collecting cover 1
Cover 1, rises in smoke collecting cover 1, enters export pipeline 5 from its gas outlet 3, the temperature of high-temperature flue gas now is at 600 DEG C
More than, preferably at 700 DEG C or so.
Specifically, in step s 2, high-temperature flue gas (sequentially passes through branch pipe 8, longitudinal flue gas manifold trunk by export pipeline 5
22nd, horizontal flue gas manifold trunk 23 and house steward 9) export aluminium electrolytic equipment, is moved towards gravitational dust collection room 17.In neighbouring gravitational dust collection
At room 17, if the CO concentration exported in the high-temperature flue gas in pipeline 5 is more than 12.5%, igniter 15 is lighted a fire, and is led with lighting
The CO gone out in pipeline 5, makes CO combustion heat releases.Then export pipeline 5 first sends into high-temperature flue gas the gravitational dust collection of gravitational dust collection room 17,
Big dust particle is settled, and the flue gas that the high-temperature flue gas after removing big dust particle through gravitational dust collection is entered in waste heat boiler 27 leads to
In road 11.
In step s3, after gravitational dust collection motion sequentially passes through preheating section 29, evaporator section 30, mistake to high-temperature flue gas upwards
Fluid (cooling water, steam water interface or steaming in hot arc 31, with preheating section passage 32, evaporator section passage 33, superheat section passage 34
Vapour) heat exchange, finally, after high-temperature flue gas heat exchange, its temperature is about 90 DEG C, forms the low-temperature flue gas of relative low temperature.
In step s 4, cooling water is changed into overheat steaming by preheating section passage 32, evaporator section passage 33, superheat section passage 34
Vapour, superheated steam generates electricity into steam turbine generator, and electric energy sends into power network to be further used for powering for aluminium electrolytic equipment.
Step S5 is also carried out, the low-temperature flue gas that step S3 is obtained sequentially passes through adsorbent bed 39 and sack cleaner 16, filters
The aluminum oxide and fluoride that go out in low-temperature flue gas simultaneously send into feed bin into sack cleaner 16, isolate aluminum oxide and fluoride is returned
Aluminium cell is returned as raw material, the flue gas after filtering is discharged into air through chimney 37.Wherein, the alumina adsorption in adsorbent bed 39 is low
Fluoride in warm flue gas, sends the aluminum oxide for adsorbing fluoride into feed bin;Sack cleaner 16 filters out removing fluoride
Aluminum oxide in low-temperature flue gas, sends aluminum oxide into feed bin.
Step S6 is also carried out, the exhaust steam of steam turbine generator formation is by condenser 18 and the formation cooling water feeding of oxygen-eliminating device 19
Preheating section passage 32, circulation supply cooling water.
Exemplified by producing 60000 tons of Aluminum Electrolysis Production lines per year, flue gas flow is about 360000m3/ h, by using above-mentioned electrolytic aluminium
System, can be down to 90 DEG C, and the part of waste heat is reclaimed into production by the temperature of 700 DEG C of the high-temperature flue gas come out from export pipeline 5
Raw high temperature and high pressure steam is used for generating electricity, and can configure the cogeneration station that installed capacity is 2250kW, directly feeds aluminium electroloysis
Groove, then aluminium economize on electricity 328.5kWh per ton, energy-saving effect is notable.Meanwhile, feedstock circulation and water circulation are realized, is further saved
The energy, reduces production cost.
It is emphasized that, although sorted, but do not constituted to step sequencing with S1-S6 in preparation method
Limit, must be first carried out except non-post step using the product of first step or well known to a person skilled in the art the first step of needs
Situation, is otherwise not limited to the order listed by above-described embodiment, and combines knowable to foregoing detailed description, and some steps are same
Shi Jinhang is the most beneficial, such as step S5 and step S6.
Above content is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention's
Thought, will change in specific embodiments and applications, and this specification content should not be construed as to the present invention
Limitation.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of aluminium electrolytic equipment, including aluminium cell, aluminium cell outer cover (20) and smoke gas collecting apparatus, it is characterised in that
The smoke gas collecting apparatus includes:
Smoke collecting cover (1), the smoke collecting cover (1) is arranged on the top of the burner (4) in the aluminium cell, the cigarette
Gas collecting hood (1) includes air inlet (2) and gas outlet (3), the air inlet (2) it is unlimited downward and with the burner
(4) it is aligned;
Pipeline (5) is exported, the entrance of the export pipeline (5) is connected with the gas outlet (3) of the smoke collecting cover (1), described
Export the outlet of pipeline (5) and the ft connection of the aluminium cell outer cover (20);
Air-introduced machine, the air-introduced machine is connected with the export pipeline (5), for forming the air inlet from the smoke collecting cover (1)
Air-flow of the mouth (2) towards the exit movement of the export pipeline (5).
2. aluminium electrolytic equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The lower edge of the air inlet (2) of the smoke collecting cover (1) is located at 10-200mm's with the vertical range of the burner (4)
In the range of.
3. aluminium electrolytic equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The air inlet (2) is located at 1-3 scope in the overall diameter of lower edge with the ratio of the interior diameter of the burner (4)
It is interior.
4. aluminium electrolytic equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Heat-insulation layer (6) is enclosed with the smoke collecting cover (1) and the outer wall of the export pipeline (5).
5. aluminium electrolytic equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The air inlet (2) of the smoke collecting cover (1) is along towards downwardly direction flaring.
6. aluminium electrolytic equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The smoke collecting cover (1) is set on the tremie pipe (7) extended towards the burner (4).
7. aluminium electrolytic equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
There are multiple burners (4), the smoke gas collecting apparatus includes multiple smoke collecting covers in the aluminium cell
(1), multiple smoke collecting covers (1) correspond with multiple burners (4) and set, and the export pipeline (5) has many
Individual entrance, multiple entrances are connected correspondingly with the gas outlet (3) of multiple smoke collecting covers (1).
8. aluminium electrolytic equipment according to claim 7, it is characterised in that
The export pipeline (5) includes multiple branch pipes (8) and a house steward (9), entrance and the multiple cigarettes of the multiple branch pipe (8)
The gas outlet (3) of gas collecting hood (1) corresponds connection, and the outlet of the multiple branch pipe (8) is connected with the house steward (9);
In multiple smoke collecting covers (1), the smoke collecting cover (1) is more remote apart from the house steward (9), its air inlet (2)
Lower edge and corresponding burner (4) between vertical range it is bigger.
9. a kind of aluminium electroloysis system, it is characterised in that including the aluminium electrolytic equipment and cigarette any one of claim 1-8
Gas waste-heat recovery device;The flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus includes:
There is exhaust gases passes (11) and water stream channel (12), the flue gas leads in heat transmission equipment (10), the heat transmission equipment (10)
The entrance in road (11) is connected with the outlet of the export pipeline (5), and the water stream channel (12) is at least partially situated at the cigarette
In gas passage (11);
Steam turbine generator (13), the steam receiving terminal of the steam turbine generator (13) connects with the outlet of the water stream channel (12)
Connect, the feeder ear of the steam turbine generator (13) is connected with the electric supply installation of the aluminium electrolytic equipment.
10. aluminium electroloysis system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus also includes CO concentration detectors (14) and the igniting being arranged on the export pipeline (5)
Device (15), when the CO concentration that the CO concentration detectors (14) detect is more than 12.5%, igniter (15) point
Fire, to light the CO in the export pipeline (5).
11. aluminium electroloysis system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The aluminium electroloysis system also includes dust separation system, and the dust separation system includes adsorbent bed (39) and bag-type dust
Device (16), an entrance of the adsorbent bed (39) and the outlet of the exhaust gases passes (11), another entrance oxygen supply
Aluminium is added thereto, and the solid outlet of the adsorbent bed (39) is connected with the feed bin (38) being fed for aluminium cell, described to inhale
The gas vent of attached bed (39) is connected with the entrance of the sack cleaner (16), the solid outlet of the sack cleaner (16)
Connected with the feed bin (38) of the aluminium cell, the adsorbent bed (39) and the sack cleaner (16) are filtered out in flue gas
It is simultaneously sent into the feed bin (38) by aluminum oxide and fluoride from the solid outlet of the two;
The flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus also includes outlet and the exhaust gases passes (11) for being connected to the export pipeline (5)
Gravitational dust collection room (17) between entrance.
12. a kind of aluminium cell flue gas waste heat recovery side of the aluminium electroloysis system any one of use claim 9-11
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, the high-temperature flue gas using the smoke collecting cover (1) collection burner (4) place;
S2, using the export pipeline (5) high-temperature flue gas in the smoke collecting cover (1) sent into the heat transmission equipment (10)
Exhaust gases passes (11) in;
S3, using the heat transmission equipment (10) high-temperature flue gas and water is subjected to heat exchange, forms superheated steam;
S4, using the superheated steam produced by step S3 promote the steam turbine generator (13) to generate electricity, and supply power to described
The electric supply installation of aluminium electrolytic equipment.
13. method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 12, it is characterised in that
In step s 2, when the CO concentration of the high-temperature flue gas in the export pipeline (5) is more than 12.5%, the igniter
(15) light a fire, to light the CO in the export pipeline (5).
14. method for recovering flue gas waste heat of aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 12, it is characterised in that also including following step
Suddenly:
In S5, step S3 heat exchange type into low-temperature flue gas sequentially pass through the adsorbent bed (39) and the sack cleaner
(16) aluminum oxide and fluoride in the low-temperature flue gas, are filtered out and the feed bin (38) is sent into;
S6, the condensed device of exhaust steam (18) of the steam turbine generator (13) formation and oxygen-eliminating device (19) form aqueous water feeding institute afterwards
State water stream channel (12);
In step s 2, the export pipeline (5) first sends into high-temperature flue gas gravitational dust collection room (17) gravitational dust collection, is removed through gravity
High-temperature flue gas after dirt enters the exhaust gases passes (11).
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CN113122883A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-16 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Preheating method for aluminum oxide on upper part of aluminum electrolytic cell |
CN115340001A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-15 | 河南卫华重型机械股份有限公司 | Metallurgical environment-friendly automatic casting crane |
CN115597392A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-01-13 | 河南省远洋粉体科技股份有限公司(Cn) | Heat energy recycling system for high-purity aluminum powder production |
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