CN107266128B - Silicate environmental barrier coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a silicate environmental barrier coating and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of environmental barrier coatings. The component of the environmental barrier coating is silicate material which has good chemical stability and thermal shock resistance and has SiCfThe thermal expansion coefficient of the SiC matrix is matched; the environment barrier coating prepared by the material is compact in interior, has no through cracks and communicated air holes, can isolate the invasion of oxygen and water vapor, and avoids SiC at high temperaturefOxidation and performance degradation of the/SiC matrix. According to the invention, the silicate environmental barrier coating is prepared by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process, and the melting state and the surface morphology of silicate powder in the environmental barrier coating can be regulated and controlled by optimizing parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process, so that the performance of the environmental barrier coating is optimized; the method has the advantages of simple process, strong adaptability and high production efficiency, and is suitable for industrial popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a silicate environmental barrier coating and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of environmental barrier coatings.
Background
With the development of the aviation industry, the gas temperature and the gas pressure of the combustion chamber of the aero-engine are continuously increased, and the aero-engine faces a more severe service environment. Silicon-based non-oxide ceramics (e.g. SiC, Si)3N4Etc.) are considered to be the most promising high-temperature structural materials to replace nickel-based superalloys for application in hot-end components of engines due to excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and chemical resistance, as well as creep resistance and other excellent characteristics. Under the high-temperature air environment, a protective SiO layer is formed on the surface of SiC2Film, however, in the engine combustion environment due to the presence of large amounts of water vapor，SiO2Reacting with steam to form volatile Si (OH)4Leading to severe degradation and failure of the SiC surface. To achieve a longer service life, protection with environmental barrier coatings is necessary.
The environmental barrier coating is a high-temperature structural material surface protective coating used in the working environment of an engine, and a barrier can be established between the high-temperature structural material and the severe environment of the engine to prevent or reduce the influence of the engine environment on the performance of the high-temperature structural material.
Because of the low thermal expansion coefficient of some silicates, the thermal expansion coefficient is very close to that of SiC and Si3N4(ii) a The rare earth silicate can bear higher temperature and has good phase stability; volatility data in a high water vapor combustion environment indicate the volatility ratio of the rare earth monosilicate to BSAS (1-xBaO-xSrO-Al)2O3-2SiO2X is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1), has excellent water vapor resistance at the temperature of more than 1300 ℃, can possibly replace BSAS to be used at higher temperature, and becomes a candidate material of a novel environmental barrier coating surface layer; in addition to rare earth silicates, group IVB element silicates are also a class of materials of interest for environmental barrier coating research due to their excellent stability and low coefficient of thermal expansion. However, there is no report on the direct application of silicate-based coatings to protect silicon-based non-oxide ceramic materials.
The traditional method for preparing the coating is mainly brush coating, and although the method is simple and feasible in preparation and low in cost, the method has poor process controllability, low bonding strength and small application range, and cannot be applied to the use of the environmental barrier coating in high-temperature high-speed gas scouring and corrosion environments of aeroengine combustion chambers.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a silicate environmental barrier coating, which is dense, has no through cracks and communicating pores, can isolate the invasion of oxygen and water vapor, and can prevent SiC from being exposed at high temperaturefOxidation and performance degradation of the SiC matrix; the second purpose is to provide a method for preparing silicate environmental barrier coating by optimizing atmospheric plasma sprayingThe technological parameters can regulate and control the melting state and the surface appearance of the silicate environmental barrier coating, and the method has the advantages of simple process, strong adaptability, high production efficiency and lower cost.
The atmospheric plasma spraying technology is a method for preparing a coating with a typical layered structure by heating materials such as ceramics, alloys, metals and the like to a molten or semi-molten state by using a plasma arc as a heat source and spraying the materials to the surface of a pretreated workpiece at a high speed.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a silicate environmental barrier coating, the composition of said environmental barrier coating being AxSiOyAnd with SiCfthe/SiC is taken as a matrix;
when A is rare earth elements Y, Er, Yb or Lu, x is 2, and Y is 5; when A is a group IVB element Zr, Ti or Hf, x is 1 and y is 4.
The thickness of the environmental barrier coating is preferably 150 μm to 250 μm.
The preparation method of the silicate environmental barrier coating comprises the following steps:
step 1, A isxSiOyAdding the powder, water, a binder and ball milling beads into a ball mill for mixing to obtain uniformly mixed slurry; then transferring the slurry into a spray drying granulation tower for agglomeration granulation to obtain spherical agglomeration granulation powder with the particle size of 20-80 microns;
step 2, placing the obtained spherical agglomerated powder in a pressureless sintering furnace for calcination treatment to obtain AxSiOySpraying powder;
step 3, for SiCfCleaning and roughening the SiC matrix to ensure that the roughness (Rz) of the surface to be sprayed reaches 25-100 mu m;
step 4, adopting an atmosphere plasma spraying process to spray AxSiOySpraying the spray powder to SiCfCoating on SiC substratexSiOyAfter SiCfPlacing the SiC basal body in the argon protective atmosphere for heat treatment, cooling and placing in SiCfOn a SiC substrate to obtainAn environmental barrier coating;
wherein, the parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process are as follows: the spraying distance is 70 mm-80 mm, the current is 800A-900A, the main air flow is 80L/min-100L/min, the auxiliary air flow is 25L/min-35L/min, the carrier air flow is 8L/min-15L/min, and the powder feeding amount is 2 rpm-4 rpm; the main gas and the carrier gas are argon, and the auxiliary gas is helium.
In the step 1, the binder is preferably polyvinyl alcohol, and the material of the ball grinding beads is preferably zirconia; binder and AxSiOyThe mass ratio of the powder is 0.003-0.005: 1, and the mass ratio of water to A isxSiOyThe mass ratio of the powder is 1-3: 1, and the ball milling beads and A arexSiOyThe mass ratio of the powder is 3-5: 1; ball milling and mixing for 2-3 h at 200-300 r/min.
Parameter setting for agglomeration granulation in a spray drying granulation tower: the inlet temperature is 280-350 ℃, the outlet temperature is 100-130 ℃, the rotating speed of the spray head is 35-50 Hz, and the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump is 30-40 rpm.
In the step 2, the mixture is calcined for 2 to 3 hours at the temperature of 1100 to 1400 ℃.
In the step 4, heat treatment is carried out for 2 to 4 hours at 1300 to 1400 ℃.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the silicate material has good chemical stability and thermal shock resistance, and has a thermal expansion coefficient matched with a matrix; on the surface of an environmental barrier coating prepared with the silicate material, AxSiOyThe powder particles are completely melted and spread out to present a flat appearance characteristic; and the environment barrier coating is compact, has no through crack and communicated air hole, and has good combination with the interface of the substrate without obvious defect, so that an oxygen channel can not be formed in the environment barrier coating, the invasion of oxygen and water vapor can be isolated, and SiC at high temperature can be avoidedfOxidation and performance degradation of the SiC matrix; the environmental barrier coating can be used for preparing high-temperature heat engines such as aero-engines and the like, and promotes the development of the aviation industry.
(2) In the process of preparing the environmental barrier coating, the parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process are optimized, so that the environmental barrier coating can be regulated and controlledAxSiOyThe melting state and the surface appearance of the powder further optimize the performance of the environmental barrier coating; the method has the advantages of simple process, strong adaptability, high production efficiency and suitability for industrial popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of the surface of the silicate environmental barrier coating prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the silicate environmental barrier coating prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the silicate environmental barrier coating prepared in example 2.
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the silicate environmental barrier coating prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The process is conventional unless otherwise specified, and the starting materials are commercially available from the open literature.
In the following implementation:
reagents and apparatus used:
example 1
(1) 1000g of ZrSiO4Putting the powder, 2333mL of deionized water and 4g of polyvinyl alcohol into a ball mill, adding zirconia balls with the ball-to-material ratio of 4:1, and ball-milling for 3 hours at 200r/min to obtain uniformly mixed slurry; transferring the evenly mixed slurry to a spray drying granulation tower for agglomeration granulation to obtain spherical ZrSiO with the grain diameter of 20-60 mu m4Agglomerating and granulating the powder;
wherein, the spray drying granulation parameters are as follows: the inlet temperature is 310 ℃, the outlet temperature is 110 ℃, the rotating speed of the spray head is 45Hz, and the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump is 30 rpm;
(2) the obtained ZrSiO4Placing the agglomerated and granulated powder in a pressureless sintering furnace, and calcining for 2 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain ZrSiO4Spraying powder;
(3) firstly adopting acetone to SiCfThe SiC matrix is subjected to purification treatment to remove oil stains and other pollutants on the surface of the matrix so as to obtain a clean matrix surface; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the clean matrix surface by using an injection-suction type sand blasting machine to ensure that the roughness (Rz) of the matrix surface to be sprayed reaches 32 mu m;
(4) ZrSiO by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process4Spraying the spray powder to SiCfOn a SiC substrate; then ZrSiO is sprayed4After SiCfPlacing the SiC basal body in the argon protective atmosphere, preserving the heat for 4 hours at 1400 ℃, cooling, and placing the SiC basal body in the SiCfObtaining ZrSiO with the thickness of 200 mu m on a SiC matrix4An environmental barrier coating;
wherein, the parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process are as follows: main gas (argon): 90L/min, auxiliary gas (helium): 30L/min, carrier gas (argon): 10L/min, current: 850A, feeding speed: 3.0g/min, spraying distance: 75 mm.
From ZrSiO4As can be seen from the surface SEM image of the environmental barrier coating, the prepared environmental barrier coating has a relatively flat surface, and most of ZrSiO4The powder particles are completely melted and spread out, presenting a flat morphology, and the inside of the environmental barrier coating is relatively dense and has a good melting state, as shown in fig. 1. As can be seen from the XRD pattern in FIG. 2, the major phase of the prepared environmental barrier coating is ZrSiO4With a small amount of ZrO2Are present.
The obtained ZrSiO4Grinding and polishing the environmental barrier coating, observing under the magnification of 200 times of an optical microscope, randomly selecting 3 areas in an observed visual field for analysis, and quantitatively calculating the porosity of the prepared environmental barrier coating by adopting a quantitative metallographic analysis system, wherein the test result is detailed in a table 1; the prepared environmental barrier coating has high tissue density, and the average density is 99.60%.
TABLE 1
Example 2
(1) 600g Y2SiO5Putting the powder, 1200mL of deionized water and 2.4g of polyvinyl alcohol into a ball mill, adding zirconia balls with the ball-to-material ratio of 4:1, and carrying out ball milling for 2.5h at 250r/min to obtain uniformly mixed slurry; transferring the evenly mixed slurry to a spray drying granulation tower for agglomeration granulation to obtain spherical Y with the particle size of 20-70 mu m2SiO5Agglomerating and granulating the powder;
wherein, the spray drying granulation parameters are as follows: the inlet temperature is 320 ℃, the outlet temperature is 100 ℃, the rotating speed of the spray head is 40Hz, and the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump is 35 rpm;
(2) the obtained Y is2SiO5Placing the agglomerated and granulated powder in a pressureless sintering furnace, calcining for 3h at 1100 ℃ to obtain Y2SiO5Spraying powder;
(3) firstly adopting acetone to SiCfThe SiC matrix is subjected to purification treatment to remove oil stains and other pollutants on the surface of the matrix so as to obtain a clean matrix surface; then, carrying out sand blasting treatment on the clean matrix surface by using an injection-suction type sand blasting machine to ensure that the roughness (Rz) of the matrix surface to be sprayed reaches 30 mu m;
(4) spraying Y by atmospheric plasma2SiO5Spraying the spray powder to SiCfOn a SiC substrate; then spraying Y2SiO5After SiCfPlacing the SiC basal body in the argon protective atmosphere, preserving the heat for 2 hours at 1400 ℃, cooling, and placing the SiC basal body in the SiCfObtaining Y on SiC substrate with a thickness of 180 μm2SiO5An environmental barrier coating;
wherein, the parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process are as follows: main gas (argon): 85L/min, auxiliary gas (helium): 28L/min, carrier gas (argon): 12L/min, current: 800A, feeding speed: 2.8g/min, spraying distance: 80 mm;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of the surface of the environmental barrier coating prepared, from which it can be seen that the surface of the environmental barrier coating prepared is relatively flat, most of Y2SiO5The powder particles are completely melted and spread, the smooth appearance characteristic is presented, and the inside of the coating is relatively compact and has good melting state. As can be seen from the XRD pattern in FIG. 4, the prepared compoundThe main phase of the environmental barrier coating is Y2SiO5With a small amount of Y2O3And Y4.67(SiO4)3O is present.
The obtained Y2SiO5Grinding and polishing the environmental barrier coating, observing under the magnification of 200 times of an optical microscope, randomly selecting 3 areas in an observed visual field for analysis, and quantitatively calculating the porosity of the prepared environmental barrier coating by adopting a quantitative metallographic analysis system, wherein the test result is detailed in a table 2; the prepared coating has high tissue density, and the average density is 99.43%.
TABLE 2
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A silicate environmental barrier coating, characterized by: the component of the environmental barrier coating is AxSiOyAnd with SiCfthe/SiC is taken as a matrix;
when A is Y, Er, Yb or Lu, x is 2, and Y is 5; when A is Zr, Ti or Hf, x is 1, and y is 4;
the environmental barrier coating is prepared by the following method:
step 1, A isxSiOyAdding the powder, water, a binder and ball milling beads into a ball mill for mixing to obtain uniformly mixed slurry; then transferring the slurry into a spray drying granulation tower for agglomeration granulation to obtain spherical agglomeration granulation powder with the particle size of 20-80 microns;
step 2, placing the obtained spherical agglomerated powder in a pressureless sintering furnace for calcination treatment to obtain AxSiOySpraying powder;
step 3, for SiCfSiC radicalCleaning and roughening the body to make the roughness of the surface to be sprayed reach 25-100 microns;
step 4, adopting an atmosphere plasma spraying process to spray AxSiOySpraying the spray powder to SiCfCoating on SiC substratexSiOyAfter SiCfPlacing the SiC basal body in the argon protective atmosphere for heat treatment, cooling and placing in SiCfObtaining the environmental barrier coating on the SiC substrate;
wherein, the parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process are as follows: the spraying distance is 70 mm-80 mm, the current is 800A-900A, the main air flow is 80L/min-100L/min, the auxiliary air flow is 25L/min-35L/min, the carrier air flow is 8L/min-15L/min, and the powder feeding amount is 2 rpm-4 rpm; the main gas and the carrier gas are argon, and the auxiliary gas is helium;
in the step 2, calcining for 2 to 3 hours at 1100 to 1400 ℃;
in the step 4, heat treatment is carried out for 2 to 4 hours at 1300 to 1400 ℃.
2. A silicate environmental barrier coating according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the environmental barrier coating is 150-250 μm.
3. A silicate environmental barrier coating according to claim 1, wherein: in step 1, the mass of the binder is equal to AxSiOyThe mass ratio of the powder is 0.003-0.005: 1, and the mass of the water is equal to the mass AxSiOyThe mass ratio of the powder is 1-3: 1, and the mass of the ball grinding beads is equal to AxSiOyThe mass ratio of the powder is 3-5: 1.
4. A silicate environmental barrier coating according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, ball milling and mixing are carried out for 2 to 3 hours at the speed of 200 to 300 r/min.
5. A silicate environmental barrier coating according to claim 1, wherein: in step 1, parameter setting for agglomeration granulation in a spray drying granulation tower is as follows: the inlet temperature is 280-350 ℃, the outlet temperature is 100-130 ℃, the rotating speed of the spray head is 35-50 Hz, and the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump is 30-40 rpm.
6. A silicate environmental barrier coating according to claim 3, wherein: in step 1, the binder is polyvinyl alcohol.
7. A silicate environmental barrier coating according to claim 3, wherein: the ball milling beads are made of zirconium oxide.
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| CN107880590B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-11-10 | 北京理工大学 | Silicon dioxide coated zirconium diboride-silicon carbide composite powder |
| CN109837496A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 深圳航发复合材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ytterbium silicate plasma spraying powder |
| CN108373342B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2020-08-28 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Composite-structure environmental barrier coating, preparation method and application thereof, and aero-engine |
| CN111978087B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2022-04-15 | 北京理工大学 | Composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112779534A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-05-11 | 绍兴科霆新材料有限公司 | Anticorrosive coating for aluminum alloy casting mold and preparation process thereof |
| CN113860920B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-02-17 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Environmental barrier coating with excellent CMAS corrosion resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN114276169A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-05 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Self-healing high-density environmental barrier coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114920559A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-19 | 西北工业大学 | High-entropy oxide powder material for thermal barrier coating and preparation method and application thereof |
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