CN107265806B - Excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling - Google Patents

Excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling Download PDF

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CN107265806B
CN107265806B CN201710667615.3A CN201710667615A CN107265806B CN 107265806 B CN107265806 B CN 107265806B CN 201710667615 A CN201710667615 A CN 201710667615A CN 107265806 B CN107265806 B CN 107265806B
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sludge
carbon source
reactor
treatment process
process based
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CN107265806A (en
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何青
曾凌君
李平
吴祖力
朱凤霞
冯涛
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Shenzhen Haiyuan Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/06Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a surplus sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling, and relates to the technical field of anaerobic fermentation of surplus sludge of urban sewage treatment plants. The method comprises the steps of firstly, pretreating the residual sludge by hot alkali, decomposing sludge cells, releasing macromolecular organic matters such as protein and polysaccharide into supernate, then, hydrolyzing and acidifying the sludge, and performing an acidic starting (pH is 6) stage, so that the activity of acid-producing microorganisms is favorably maintained, the accumulation of VFAs is promoted, the activity of methanogenic bacteria can be inhibited through an alkaline fermentation (pH is 10), the consumption of VFAs in the process of producing methane by the methanogenic bacteria is avoided, the acid-producing effect is kept stronger than the methane-producing effect, the accumulation concentration of SCOD and VFAs in a hydrolytic acidification liquid is greatly improved, and a high-quality regenerated carbon source is provided for the upgrading of low-C/N municipal sewage.

Description

Excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anaerobic fermentation of sludge in municipal sewage treatment plants, in particular to a treatment process of excess sludge based on carbon source recycling.
Background
With the rapid development of the sewage treatment industry, the production amount of sludge is more and more. According to the analysis report of the sludge treatment market in 2015-2016, the annual output of sludge generated in the municipal sewage treatment process in China reaches more than 7000 million tons by the end of 2015. How to realize the reduction, stabilization, recycling and harmless treatment of the sludge becomes a great problem faced by municipal sewage treatment plants.
In southern areas of China, rainwater is more, and drainage systems are combined, so that urban sewage treatment plants generally face the problem of low carbon-nitrogen ratio of inlet sewage, troubles are caused to subsequent biological treatment systems, and generally external carbon sources are added into domestic sewage with low carbon-nitrogen ratio to achieve standard discharge of outlet water, but the cost of sewage treatment is further increased. The reduction of energy consumption and cost in the sewage treatment process becomes the key of sustainable development. The method utilizes the anaerobic fermentation of the municipal excess sludge to produce the organic carbon source to strengthen the aerobic biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, is an important way for solving the upgrading and upgrading work of the low C/N municipal sewage, and achieves the purposes of sludge reduction and resource utilization while realizing the reuse of organic matters.
Anaerobic digestion of sludge is a complex biochemical process involving a variety of microorganisms, and changes in process operating conditions can affect the operational effectiveness of the system, such as over-production of acid and "acidification" of the methanogenic phase in a two-phase anaerobic digestion system due to changes in control conditions. The sludge is acidified to convert organic matters into acetic acid, and methanogens consume acetic acid when generating methane, so that accumulation of organic carbon sources is not facilitated, and therefore, the sludge acidogenic effect is kept stronger than the methanogenic effect in a residual sludge hydrolysis acidification system aiming at developing organic carbon sources, and the method is the key of a sludge recycling treatment process based on carbon source recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surplus sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling, aiming at the problems of low organic acid accumulation amount and competitive inhibition of hydrolytic acidification bacteria and methane bacteria in the hydrolytic acidification process in the existing sludge treatment process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a treatment process of excess sludge based on carbon source recycling comprises the following process steps:
(1) and (3) hot alkali pretreatment of the residual sludge: adjusting the pH value of the sludge to 10 by using 5mol/L NaOH, placing the sludge in a heating device at the temperature of 90 ℃ for constant-temperature heating for hot-alkali pretreatment, wherein the hot-alkali pretreatment time is 2 hours, and continuously stirring. The hot alkali pretreatment of the residual sludge can destroy the cell walls of microorganisms in the sludge, promote the dissolution of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) and the release of internal carbon sources, and release macromolecular organic substances such as proteins, polysaccharides and the like.
(2) Acid start-up of the reactor: pumping the sludge pretreated by hot alkali into a fully mixed sludge anaerobic fermentation reactor (CSTR), adjusting the pH value to 6 by dilute hydrochloric acid, then regularly inoculating domesticated mature hydrolytic acidification sludge every day until the inoculation amount of the sludge in the reactor reaches 30-40%, carrying out acid start domestication on the reactor, wherein the volume ratio of the domesticated mature hydrolytic acidification sludge to the inoculated sludge is 10%, then stirring by a mechanical stirrer, controlling the rotation speed to be 100rmp, and carrying out hydrolytic acidification at room temperature. The acid start-up period was controlled to 8 days. The domesticated mature hydrolytic acidification sludge in the pretreatment tank or biochemical tank of the sewage treatment plant contains a large amount of hydrolytic bacteria and acidification bacteria, thereby promoting the hydrolytic acidification of the inoculated sludge. Acidic start-up pH 6 is advantageous to maintain the activity of the acid-forming microorganisms.
(3) Alkaline fermentation: after the start-up acclimatization of the reactor under the acidic condition is completed, adjusting the pH of the reactor to gradually rise from 6 to 10, entering an alkaline fermentation operation mode, adjusting the pH of the reactor by adopting 5mol/L NaOH every 24 hours, and maintaining the pH of the reactor to be 10+0.2 to perform alkaline fermentation on the residual sludge. The reactor runs in a semi-continuous mode, namely the reactor runs intermittently, the SRT (sludge retention time) in the reactor is regulated and controlled by regularly feeding and discharging sludge every day, the sludge retention time is respectively 12d, 8d, 6d and 6d, and the anaerobic digestion of the sludge is controlled in a hydrolysis acidification stage by regulating and controlling the SRT. And the hydrolytic acidification liquor was sampled at regular intervals every day to determine the concentration of soluble organic substances (concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand SCOD, carbohydrates, proteins, etc.) and the amount of acid produced (amount of volatile fatty acids VFAs produced). The pH value is controlled to be 10 in the alkaline fermentation process, so that the inhibition effect on methanogens is further strengthened, and VFAs are prevented from being consumed in the methanogenesis process of the methanogens.
(4) And (3) obtaining a soluble organic carbon source capable of being recycled, namely precipitating the hydrolysis acidification product in the step (3) for a period of time and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain sludge hydrolysis acidification liquid containing a high-concentration organic carbon source.
By adopting the scheme, after the excess sludge is pretreated by hot alkali, sludge cells are decomposed, macromolecular organic matters such as protein and polysaccharide are released into the supernatant, then the sludge is hydrolyzed and acidified, and the activity of acid-producing microorganisms is favorably kept through an acidic starting (pH is 6) stage, so that the accumulation of VFAs is promoted, the activity of methanogenic bacteria can be inhibited through an alkaline fermentation (pH is 10) stage, the consumption of VFAs in the process of producing methane by the methanogenic bacteria is avoided, the acid-producing effect is kept to be stronger than the methane-producing effect, the accumulation concentration of SCOD and VFAs in the hydrolyzed and acidified solution is greatly improved, and the high-quality carbon source regeneration is provided for the upgrading of low C/N municipal sewage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a statistical table of the components of the fresh sludge according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in the concentration of dissolved organics (SCOD) during hydrolytic acidification.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the accumulation of VFAs content during hydrolytic acidification.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change in polysaccharide concentration during hydrolytic acidification.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in protein concentration during hydrolytic acidification.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
In order to promote the accumulation of organic acid and the recycling of carbon sources, the invention provides a surplus sludge treatment process based on the recycling of carbon sources, which comprises the following process steps:
(1) and (3) hot alkali pretreatment of the residual sludge: the supernatant was skimmed off after 24h of standing concentration of the retrieved fresh sludge, which was characterized in FIG. 1, where SCOD was 550mg/L and VFAs were less than 10 mg/L. Adjusting the pH value of the sludge to 10 by using 5mol/L NaOH, placing the sludge in a heating device at the temperature of 90 ℃ for heating at constant temperature for hot-alkali pretreatment for 2 hours, and continuously stirring.
(2) Acid start-up of the reactor: pumping the sludge pretreated by hot alkali into a fully mixed sludge anaerobic fermentation reactor (CSTR), adjusting the pH value to 6 by dilute hydrochloric acid, then regularly inoculating domesticated mature hydrolytic acidification sludge every day until the inoculation amount of the sludge in the reactor reaches 30-40%, carrying out acid start domestication on the reactor, wherein the volume ratio of the domesticated mature hydrolytic acidification sludge to the inoculated sludge is 10%, then stirring by a mechanical stirrer, controlling the rotation speed to be 100rmp, and carrying out hydrolytic acidification at room temperature. The time of the acid starting stage is controlled to be 8 days, and all indexes are sampled at regular time.
(3) Alkaline fermentation: after the start-up acclimatization of the reactor under the acidic condition is completed, adjusting the pH of the reactor to gradually rise from 6.0 to 10, entering an alkaline fermentation operation mode, adjusting the pH of the reactor by adopting 5mol/L NaOH every 24 hours, and maintaining the pH of the reactor to be 10+0.2 to perform alkaline fermentation on the residual sludge. The reactor operates in a semi-continuous mode, the SRT (sludge retention time) in the reactor is regulated and controlled by regularly feeding and discharging sludge every day, the anaerobic digestion of the sludge is controlled in a hydrolysis acidification stage by regulating and controlling the SRT, the initial value of the SRT is set to be 12 days, then the SRT is gradually shortened until the SRT is in the optimal acid production state, and the SRT is regulated to be 12d, 8d, 6d and 6d respectively. And the hydrolytic acidification liquor was sampled at regular intervals every day to determine the concentration of soluble organic substances (concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand SCOD, carbohydrates, proteins, etc.) and the amount of acid produced (amount of volatile fatty acids VFAs produced).
(4) And (3) obtaining a soluble organic carbon source capable of being recycled, namely precipitating the hydrolysis acidification product in the step (3) for a period of time and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain sludge hydrolysis acidification liquid containing a high-concentration organic carbon source.
The above is experimental group R0, and a control group R1 is provided, and in the control group R1, the rest of the steps and conditions are the same as those of the experimental group R0, and only the step (2) is different from the experimental group R0.
Step (2) of control R1 was an alkaline start: pumping the sludge pretreated by hot alkali into a CSTR, adjusting the pH value to 10, then inoculating and domesticating mature hydrolytic acidification sludge at regular time every day until the inoculation amount of the sludge in the reactor reaches 30-40%, carrying out alkaline start domestication on the reactor, wherein the volume ratio of the domesticated mature hydrolytic acidification sludge to the inoculated sludge is 10%, then stirring by adopting a mechanical stirrer, controlling the rotating speed to be 100rmp, and carrying out hydrolytic acidification at room temperature. The time of the alkaline start stage is controlled to be 8 days, and each index is sampled and detected at regular time.
As can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 5, when the SRT in the alkaline fermentation stage is gradually shortened from 12 days to 6 days under the acidic start condition (pH 6) in the experimental group R0, the accumulation concentrations of SCOD and VFAs respectively reach 6000-. When the SRT is further shortened to 4d, the acid production by sludge hydrolysis is deteriorated, and the concentration of SCOD and VFAs are both reduced.
In conclusion, after the excess sludge is subjected to thermal-alkaline pretreatment, sludge cells are decomposed, macromolecular organic matters such as protein and polysaccharide are released into a supernatant, then the sludge is subjected to hydrolysis acidification and is favorable for maintaining the activity of acid-producing microorganisms through an acidic start (pH is 6) stage, the accumulation of VFAs is promoted, the activity of methanogenic bacteria can be inhibited through an alkaline fermentation (pH is 10) stage, the consumption of VFAs in the methanogenic process of the methanogenic bacteria is avoided, the acid-producing effect is kept stronger than the methane-producing effect, so that the accumulation concentration of SCOD and VFAs in the hydrolysis acidification liquid is greatly increased, and a high-quality regenerated carbon source is provided for the upgrading of low-C/N municipal sewage.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) and (3) hot alkali pretreatment of the residual sludge: adjusting the pH value of the sludge to 10, placing the sludge in a heating device at the temperature of 90 ℃ for constant-temperature heating for hot-alkali pretreatment, wherein the hot-alkali pretreatment time is 2 hours, and continuously stirring;
(2) acid start-up of the reactor: pumping the sludge subjected to thermal alkali pretreatment into a completely mixed sludge anaerobic fermentation reactor, adjusting the pH value to 6, inoculating and acclimating mature hydrolytic acidification sludge, and performing acid start acclimation on the reactor, wherein the volume ratio of the acclimated mature hydrolytic acidification sludge to the inoculated sludge is 10%;
(3) alkaline fermentation: after the start-up acclimation of the reactor under the acidic condition is finished, adjusting the pH of the reactor to gradually rise from 6.0 to 10, and entering an alkaline fermentation operation mode;
(4) obtaining a soluble organic carbon source which can be recycled: precipitating the hydrolysis acidification product in the step (3) for a period of time, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain sludge hydrolysis acidification liquid containing a high-concentration organic carbon source;
in the step (2), mature hydrolytic acidification sludge is inoculated and domesticated regularly every day until the inoculation amount of the sludge in the reactor reaches 30% -40%, then a mechanical stirrer is adopted for stirring, the rotating speed is controlled to be 100rmp, and hydrolytic acidification is carried out at room temperature.
2. The excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling according to claim 1, wherein the acclimation is initiated in the acidity in the step (2) for 8 days.
3. The excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the reactor is operated in a semi-continuous mode, and the sludge retention time in the reactor is regulated by timing the sludge feeding and discharging every day.
4. The excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling according to claim 3, wherein the initial value of the sludge retention time is set to 12 days, then the sludge retention time is gradually shortened to the optimal acid production state, and the sludge retention time is adjusted to 12d, 8d, 6d and 6d respectively.
5. The excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) is to sample and measure the concentration of soluble organic matters in the hydrolytic acidification liquid and the acid production amount at regular time every day during the alkaline fermentation.
6. The excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), NaOH of 5mol/L is used to adjust the pH of the sludge to 10.
7. The excess sludge treatment process based on carbon source recycling according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the pH value is adjusted to 6 by using dilute hydrochloric acid.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110282841A (en) * 2019-08-06 2019-09-27 深圳市深水水务咨询有限公司 A kind of municipal sludge front end decrement and middle-end volume reduction system
CN110760353B (en) * 2019-11-01 2020-10-30 湖南三五二环保科技有限公司 Method for producing clean energy by utilizing kitchen waste
CN112209586A (en) * 2020-09-01 2021-01-12 浙江湖州金洁水务股份有限公司 Method for extracting COD from excess sludge
CN112811764A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-18 河南中中中环保设备有限公司 High-temperature high-pressure cracking treatment process based on sludge organic matter
CN114606274A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-06-10 太原理工大学 Method for producing carboxylic acid with high added value by utilizing synthesis gas to strengthen anaerobic fermentation of sludge
CN114751606A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-15 天津博诺环保技术有限公司 Multi-process combined enhanced sludge carbon source recycling method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101708932A (en) * 2009-12-18 2010-05-19 北京工业大学 Sludge carbon source two-stage alkaline hydrolysis acidizing recovery method
CN102633416A (en) * 2012-04-12 2012-08-15 北京工业大学 Method for recovering carbon source and nitrogen and phosphorus elements from surplus sludge
CN105776787A (en) * 2016-05-13 2016-07-20 广东省工程技术研究所 Method for reinforcing alkaline fermentation and acidogenesis of excess sludge by straws

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101708932A (en) * 2009-12-18 2010-05-19 北京工业大学 Sludge carbon source two-stage alkaline hydrolysis acidizing recovery method
CN102633416A (en) * 2012-04-12 2012-08-15 北京工业大学 Method for recovering carbon source and nitrogen and phosphorus elements from surplus sludge
CN105776787A (en) * 2016-05-13 2016-07-20 广东省工程技术研究所 Method for reinforcing alkaline fermentation and acidogenesis of excess sludge by straws

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