CN107255817A - ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method are to calibrating method - Google Patents

ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method are to calibrating method Download PDF

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CN107255817A
CN107255817A CN201710529595.3A CN201710529595A CN107255817A CN 107255817 A CN107255817 A CN 107255817A CN 201710529595 A CN201710529595 A CN 201710529595A CN 107255817 A CN107255817 A CN 107255817A
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isar
point
mrow
msub
special aobvious
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CN107255817B (en
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曹震霄
宋伟
刘伟
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Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute Aviation Industry Corp of China
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Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute Aviation Industry Corp of China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/904—SAR modes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/904—SAR modes
    • G01S13/9064—Inverse SAR [ISAR]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to radar image field of locating technology, a kind of ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method are specifically provided to calibrating method, ISAR raw radar datas are obtained first and carried out motion compensation and carried out orientation FFT imagings to obtain original I SAR image, then the maximum aobvious point of spy of the top n picture contrast in all special aobvious points of the original I SAR image is obtained by special aobvious point method and be recorded in set φ, the instantaneous Doppler frequency of the strong scattering point of range cell where obtaining each special aobvious point in φ, try to achieve again and the corresponding frequency modulation rate of each special aobvious point in set φ, chirp rate k is obtained after fitting, effective rotational angular velocity ω e estimate is calculated finally by chirp rate k, and then obtain azimuth resolution ρ a estimate, orientation calibration is carried out to ISAR images by way of orientation interpolation, obtain the ISAR images after the ship classification demarcation mark.

Description

ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method are to calibrating method
Technical field
The present invention relates to radar image field of locating technology, ISAR image orientations more particularly to based on Parameter Estimation Method to Calibrating method.
Background technology
ISAR (Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, abbreviation ISAR) is that one kind can be complete Weather, round-the-clock, the non-cooperative moving targets such as vehicle, naval vessel, aircraft, guided missile are imaged at a distance, obtain target high The radar of image in different resolution.ISAR imagings often assume that target rotation angle is smaller in a short time and approximate easy motion, using away from From-Doppler (R-D) principle imaging.But RD imaging results only reflect projection information of the target in distance-Doppler plane, and It can not provide target real two-dimensional size information, in order to the further identification of target, the research of ISAR orientation calibration technologies It is most important.
ISAR image orientations of the prior art are to obtain target by the calculating of the parameters such as distance, angle to exist to calibrating method Effective corner during imaging, and then laterally calibration, but the robustness of this method is not strong is realized, method performance is by imaging resolution Etc. the restriction of factor.
The content of the invention
To overcome at least one defect that above-mentioned prior art is present, the invention provides a kind of based on Parameter Estimation Method ISAR image orientations comprise the following steps to calibrating method：
Step one, ISAR is obtained to the raw radar data of offshore vessel class target imaging, and ISAR is ISAR, Motion compensation is carried out to the raw radar data, orientation FFT imagings are carried out to the data after compensation, original I SAR is obtained Image, FFT is fast Fourier transform；
Step 2, the top n image comparison in all special aobvious points of the original I SAR image is obtained by special aobvious point method The maximum spy of degree shows point, and N number of special aobvious point recorded in set φ；
Step 3, the instantaneous Doppler frequency of the strong scattering point of range cell where obtaining each special aobvious point in the set φ Rate；
Step 4, tries to achieve a frequency modulation rate corresponding with the aobvious point of each spy in set φ, by institute by the instantaneous Doppler frequency There is the value fitting of frequency modulation rate in alignment, obtain the chirp rate k of the straight line；
Step 5, when calculating the selected imaging moment in step 3 by the chirp rate k, the ship classification target Effective rotational angular velocity ω e estimate, calculation formula is：
Wherein c is velocity of electromagnetic wave, and f0 is radar carrier frequency；
The estimate of the ship class target azimuth resolution ρ a, calculation formula are obtained by effective rotational angular velocity ω e For：
Wherein λ is wavelength, and T is that ISAR is imaged integration time；
Orientation calibration is carried out to ISAR images by way of orientation interpolation, obtained after the ship classification demarcation mark ISAR images.
It is preferred that, the N in step 2 is not less than 10.
It is preferred that, pass through a distance list where each special aobvious point in Matched Fourier Transform method acquisition set φ in step 3 The instantaneous Doppler frequency of the strong scattering point of member.
The ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method that the present invention is provided have the advantages that to calibrating method：
1st, range cell where isolated strong scattering point being chosen from image area using special aobvious point method carries out effective angle of rotation speed Degree estimation, data volume and operand are smaller, it is easy to Project Realization；
2nd, the instantaneous Doppler frequency of special aobvious point is estimated using the method for matching Fourier's change, frequency modulation is then tried to achieve Rate, efficiently reduces evaluated error, and precision is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method to calibrating method.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the invention implemented clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.
It should be noted that：The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to for explaining this hair It is bright, and be not considered as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings, same or similar label represents same or like from beginning to end Element or element with same or like function.Described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than entirely The embodiment in portion, in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can be mutually combined.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method that the present invention is provided are to calibrating method, in spy On the basis of aobvious point method, the instantaneous Doppler frequency of special aobvious point is estimated by Matched Fourier Transform, frequency modulation rate is then tried to achieve, Effective rotational angular velocity and azimuth resolution are estimated, realizes that orientation is calibrated.The ISAR image orientations are to calibrating method bag Include following steps：
Step one, ISAR is obtained to the raw radar data of offshore vessel class target imaging, and ISAR is ISAR, Motion compensation is carried out to the raw radar data, it is therefore an objective to error of the naval vessel relative to radar motion is eliminated, after compensation Data carry out orientation FFT imagings, obtain original I SAR image, FFT is fast Fourier transform；
Step 2, the top n image comparison in all special aobvious points of the original I SAR image is obtained by special aobvious point method The maximum spy of degree shows point, N number of special aobvious point recorded in set φ, N is not less than 10 in the present embodiment preferably；
Step 3, selectes imaging moment, the strong scattering point of range cell where obtaining each special aobvious point in the set φ Instantaneous Doppler frequency, pass through Matched Fourier Transform method and obtain each spy in set φ in the present embodiment preferably The instantaneous Doppler frequency of the strong scattering point of range cell where aobvious point；
Step 4, tries to achieve a frequency modulation rate corresponding with the aobvious point of each spy in set φ, by institute by the instantaneous Doppler frequency There is the value fitting of frequency modulation rate in alignment, obtain the chirp rate k of the straight line；
Step 5, when calculating the selected imaging moment in step 3 by the chirp rate k, the ship classification target Effective rotational angular velocity ωeEstimate, calculation formula is：
Wherein c is velocity of electromagnetic wave, f0For radar carrier frequency；
Pass through effective rotational angular velocity ωeObtain the ship class target azimuth resolution ρaEstimate, calculation formula For：
Wherein λ is wavelength, and T is that ISAR is imaged integration time；
Orientation calibration is carried out to ISAR images by way of orientation interpolation, i.e., according to distance to pixel size, the side of making Position is consistent with its to pixel size, obtains the ISAR images after the ship classification demarcation mark.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in, all should It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should using the scope of the claims as It is accurate.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of ISAR image orientations based on Parameter Estimation Method are to calibrating method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one, ISAR is obtained to the raw radar data of offshore vessel class target imaging, and ISAR is ISAR, to institute State raw radar data and carry out motion compensation, orientation FFT imagings are carried out to the data after compensation, obtain original I SAR figures Picture, FFT is fast Fourier transform；
Step 2, by the top n picture contrast in all special aobvious points of the special aobvious point method acquisition original I SAR image most Big spy shows point, and N number of special aobvious point recorded in set φ；
Step 3, the instantaneous Doppler frequency of the strong scattering point of range cell where obtaining each special aobvious point in the set φ；
Step 4, tries to achieve a frequency modulation rate corresponding with the aobvious point of each spy in set φ by the instantaneous Doppler frequency, is adjusted all The value fitting of frequency is in alignment, obtains the chirp rate k of the straight line；
Step 5, when calculating the selected imaging moment in step 3 by the chirp rate k, the ship classification target is effective Rotational angular velocity ωeEstimate, calculation formula is：
<mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;omega;</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
Wherein c is velocity of electromagnetic wave, f0For radar carrier frequency；
Pass through effective rotational angular velocity ωeObtain the ship class target azimuth resolution ρaEstimate, calculation formula is：
<mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mi>&amp;lambda;</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>&amp;omega;</mi> <mi>e</mi> </msub> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
Wherein λ is wavelength, and T is that ISAR is imaged integration time；
Orientation calibration is carried out to ISAR images by way of orientation interpolation, the ISAR figures after the ship classification demarcation mark are obtained Picture.
2. ISAR image orientations according to claim 1 are to calibrating method, it is characterised in that the N in step 2 is not less than 10。
3. ISAR image orientations according to claim 1 are to calibrating method, it is characterised in that by matching Fu in step 3 In leaf transformation method obtain each special aobvious point place range cell in set φ strong scattering point an instantaneous Doppler frequency.
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CN109884631A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-06-14 中国科学院电子学研究所 The method and system of satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar internal calibration data processing
CN110346797A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-10-18 中国人民解放军32181部队 A kind of two dimension inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging method and system
CN112965057A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-15 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for estimating and calibrating rotating speed of near-field turntable target
CN114966693A (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-08-30 南京信息工程大学 Airborne ship target ISAR refined imaging method based on deep learning
CN115902895A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-04-04 深圳大学 Single-bit high-precision signal parameter estimation method for inverse synthetic aperture radar
WO2024087036A1 (en) * 2022-10-25 2024-05-02 华为技术有限公司 Imaging method and system based on radio frequency signal transmission, and communication apparatus
CN115902895B (en) * 2022-12-27 2024-07-30 深圳大学 Single-ratio ultra-high precision signal parameter estimation method for inverse synthetic aperture radar

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CN109884631A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-06-14 中国科学院电子学研究所 The method and system of satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar internal calibration data processing
CN109884631B (en) * 2019-02-21 2020-11-10 中国科学院电子学研究所 Method and system for processing calibration data in satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar
CN110346797A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-10-18 中国人民解放军32181部队 A kind of two dimension inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging method and system
CN110346797B (en) * 2019-07-15 2021-05-25 中国人民解放军32181部队 Two-dimensional inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging method and system
CN112965057A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-15 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for estimating and calibrating rotating speed of near-field turntable target
CN112965057B (en) * 2021-02-08 2023-12-08 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for estimating and calibrating rotation speed of near-field turntable target
CN114966693A (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-08-30 南京信息工程大学 Airborne ship target ISAR refined imaging method based on deep learning
CN114966693B (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-11-04 南京信息工程大学 Airborne ship target ISAR refined imaging method based on deep learning
WO2024087036A1 (en) * 2022-10-25 2024-05-02 华为技术有限公司 Imaging method and system based on radio frequency signal transmission, and communication apparatus
CN115902895A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-04-04 深圳大学 Single-bit high-precision signal parameter estimation method for inverse synthetic aperture radar
CN115902895B (en) * 2022-12-27 2024-07-30 深圳大学 Single-ratio ultra-high precision signal parameter estimation method for inverse synthetic aperture radar

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