CN107254060A - 一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107254060A
CN107254060A CN201710334954.XA CN201710334954A CN107254060A CN 107254060 A CN107254060 A CN 107254060A CN 201710334954 A CN201710334954 A CN 201710334954A CN 107254060 A CN107254060 A CN 107254060A
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庄益春
卞祖慧
贾敏
陈宁
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Jiang Sudong Noboru Photovoltaic Science And Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，先将1，1‑二氟乙烯、苯乙烯、六氟丙烯加至水中，分散后加入引发剂，加热进行聚合反应，边搅拌边加入乳化剂、液体石蜡和二氧化钛颗粒，抽滤，再将所得含氟聚合物、聚丙烯树脂颗粒、聚酰胺树脂、有机溶剂混合，升温回流，放冷，然后将所得涂布液涂在PET基材上，热风干燥，得到含氟太阳能电池背板。本发明将1，1‑二氟乙烯、苯乙烯和六氟丙烯聚合，并在聚合物中包覆二氧化钛颗粒，然后将含氟聚合物与聚丙烯树脂、聚酰胺树脂混合，所得太阳能电池背板不仅具有高水气透过率，而且耐老化性能好。

Description

一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池背板材料技术领域，具体涉及一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能光伏组件主要由玻璃盖板、乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)、电池片、背板、接线盒和边框等组成。由于背板对电池片起支撑和保护作用，且背板作为直接与外界自然环境大面积接触的封装材料，其性能直接决定了光伏组件的发电效率和使用寿命，背板必须具备优异的绝缘性、水汽阻隔性和耐候性等，因此背板生产及测试技术的进步对太阳能光伏组件的影响十分重要。
现有的背板主要是以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)为基板，在其单面或双面复合或涂覆具有功能性的氟材料，从而使背板具有良好阻隔、耐候及绝缘性能。随着太阳能电池背板技术的发展，据统计，全球含氟背板和非氟背板的比例为将达到9：1。氟材料中由于氟元素电负性大，碳氟键之间的键能非常强，加上氟材料结构中分子排列紧密、刚硬、平滑，使氟材料表现优异的耐候、耐热、耐温及耐化学品等性能，可满足组件在户外长期使用的要求。因此，氟材料是目前市场上背板中重要的支撑材料之一。
发明内容
解决的技术问题：本发明的目的是提供一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，所得含氟太阳能电池背板水蒸气透过率可达1.02g/(m2·d)、耐候性在2500h以上。
技术方案：一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，以重量份计，将1，1-二氟乙烯10-20份、苯乙烯3-5份、六氟丙烯10-20份加至水100份中，分散后加入引发剂0.2-0.6份，加热进行聚合反应，边搅拌边加入乳化剂3-6份、液体石蜡0.5-1.2份和二氧化钛颗粒0.8-1.5份，抽滤后得到含氟聚合物；
步骤2，将步骤1所得含氟聚合物、聚丙烯树脂颗粒5-7份、聚酰胺树脂2-4份、有机溶剂30-40份混合，升温回流，放冷后，得到涂布液；
步骤3，将步骤2所得涂布液涂在PET基材上，热风干燥，得到含氟太阳能电池背板。
进一步地，所述引发剂为过硫酸钾、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯或异丙苯过氧化氢中的一种。
进一步地，所述乳化剂为全氟辛基磺酸胺。
进一步地，所述二氧化钛颗粒为金红石型二氧化钛，粒径在300-500nm。
进一步地，所述溶剂选自乙醇、乙酸乙酯、二甲苯中的一种或者几种的混合物。
进一步地，步骤1中聚合反应的温度为70-80℃、时间为1-3h。
进一步地，步骤2中升温回流的温度为70-80℃、时间为1-3h。
进一步地，步骤3中涂布液涂在PET基材上的厚度为20-40μm。
有益效果：本发明将1，1-二氟乙烯、苯乙烯和六氟丙烯聚合，并在聚合物中包覆二氧化钛颗粒，然后将含氟聚合物与聚丙烯树脂、聚酰胺树脂混合，所得太阳能电池背板不仅具有高水气透过率，而且耐老化性能好。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，以重量份计，将1，1-二氟乙烯10份、苯乙烯3份、六氟丙烯10份加至水100份中，分散后加入引发剂0.2份，加热进行聚合反应，边搅拌边加入乳化剂3份、液体石蜡0.5份和二氧化钛颗粒0.8份，抽滤后得到含氟聚合物；
步骤2，将步骤1所得含氟聚合物、聚丙烯树脂颗粒5份、聚酰胺树脂2份、有机溶剂30份混合，升温回流，放冷后，得到涂布液；
步骤3，将步骤2所得涂布液涂在PET基材上，热风干燥，得到含氟太阳能电池背板。
其中，所述引发剂为过硫酸钾；所述乳化剂为全氟辛基磺酸胺；所述二氧化钛颗粒为金红石型二氧化钛，粒径在300-500nm；所述溶剂为乙醇。
步骤1中聚合反应的温度为70℃、时间为3h；步骤2中升温回流的温度为70℃、时间为3h；步骤3中涂布液涂在PET基材上的厚度为20-40μm。
实施例2
一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，以重量份计，将1，1-二氟乙烯13份、苯乙烯4、六氟丙烯12份加至水100份中，分散后加入引发剂0.3份，加热进行聚合反应，边搅拌边加入乳化剂4份、液体石蜡0.8份和二氧化钛颗粒1.1份，抽滤后得到含氟聚合物；
步骤2，将步骤1所得含氟聚合物、聚丙烯树脂颗粒6份、聚酰胺树脂3份、有机溶剂35份混合，升温回流，放冷后，得到涂布液；
步骤3，将步骤2所得涂布液涂在PET基材上，热风干燥，得到含氟太阳能电池背板。
其中，所述引发剂为过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯；所述乳化剂为全氟辛基磺酸胺；所述二氧化钛颗粒为金红石型二氧化钛，粒径在300-500nm；所述溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
步骤1中聚合反应的温度为75℃、时间为2h；步骤2中升温回流的温度为75℃、时间为2h；步骤3中涂布液涂在PET基材上的厚度为20-40μm。
实施例3
一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，以重量份计，将1，1-二氟乙烯18份、苯乙烯4份、六氟丙烯18份加至水100份中，分散后加入引发剂0.5份，加热进行聚合反应，边搅拌边加入乳化剂5份、液体石蜡0.9份和二氧化钛颗粒1.3份，抽滤后得到含氟聚合物；
步骤2，将步骤1所得含氟聚合物、聚丙烯树脂颗粒6份、聚酰胺树脂3份、有机溶剂38份混合，升温回流，放冷后，得到涂布液；
步骤3，将步骤2所得涂布液涂在PET基材上，热风干燥，得到含氟太阳能电池背板。
其中，所述引发剂为异丙苯过氧化氢；所述乳化剂为全氟辛基磺酸胺；所述二氧化钛颗粒为金红石型二氧化钛，粒径在300-500nm；所述溶剂为乙醇、乙酸乙酯、二甲苯按体积比1：1：1组成的混合物。
步骤1中聚合反应的温度为70℃、时间为3h；步骤2中升温回流的温度为70℃、时间为3h；步骤3中涂布液涂在PET基材上的厚度为20-40μm。
实施例4
一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，以重量份计，将1，1-二氟乙烯20份、苯乙烯5份、六氟丙烯20份加至水100份中，分散后加入引发剂0.6份，加热进行聚合反应，边搅拌边加入乳化剂6份、液体石蜡1.2份和二氧化钛颗粒1.5份，抽滤后得到含氟聚合物；
步骤2，将步骤1所得含氟聚合物、聚丙烯树脂颗粒7份、聚酰胺树脂4份、有机溶剂40份混合，升温回流，放冷后，得到涂布液；
步骤3，将步骤2所得涂布液涂在PET基材上，热风干燥，得到含氟太阳能电池背板。
其中，所述引发剂为过硫酸钾；所述乳化剂为全氟辛基磺酸胺；所述二氧化钛颗粒为金红石型二氧化钛，粒径在300-500nm；所述溶剂为乙醇。
步骤1中聚合反应的温度为80℃、时间为1h；步骤2中升温回流的温度为80℃、时间为1h；步骤3中涂布液涂在PET基材上的厚度为20-40μm。
将实施例1至4所得背板进行性能测试。水蒸汽透过性测试参照F-1249、击穿电压测试参照ASTMD-149、耐候性测试参照双85方法(温度85℃，湿度85％RH，当目测出现变黄、鼓包为停止时间)。结果如下：
由上表可知，本发明的含氟太阳能电池背板具有良好的耐候性、水蒸气透过血和击穿电压。

Claims (8)

1.一种含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤1，以重量份计，将1，1-二氟乙烯10-20份、苯乙烯3-5份、六氟丙烯10-20份加至水100份中，分散后加入引发剂0.2-0.6份，加热进行聚合反应，边搅拌边加入乳化剂3-6份、液体石蜡0.5-1.2份和二氧化钛颗粒0.8-1.5份，抽滤后得到含氟聚合物；
步骤2，将步骤1所得含氟聚合物、聚丙烯树脂颗粒5-7份、聚酰胺树脂2-4份、有机溶剂30-40份混合，升温回流，放冷后，得到涂布液；
步骤3，将步骤2所得涂布液涂在PET基材上，热风干燥，得到含氟太阳能电池背板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述引发剂为过硫酸钾、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯或异丙苯过氧化氢中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述乳化剂为全氟辛基磺酸胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述二氧化钛颗粒为金红石型二氧化钛，粒径在300-500nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述溶剂选自乙醇、乙酸乙酯、二甲苯中的一种或者几种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1中聚合反应的温度为70-80℃、时间为1-3h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤2中升温回流的温度为70-80℃、时间为1-3h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的含氟太阳能电池背板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3中涂布液涂在PET基材上的厚度为20-40μm。
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