CN107247010A - Method and experimental rig for determining oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity - Google Patents
Method and experimental rig for determining oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN107247010A CN107247010A CN201710342617.5A CN201710342617A CN107247010A CN 107247010 A CN107247010 A CN 107247010A CN 201710342617 A CN201710342617 A CN 201710342617A CN 107247010 A CN107247010 A CN 107247010A
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 8
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010058490 Hyperoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000222 hyperoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method for determining oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, comprises the following steps：1) preparation of cement-based material test specimen to be measured；2) connection of single unit system；3) cement-based material oxygen diffusion coefficient D under different humidityfMeasure.And a kind of experimental rig for being used to determine the method for oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, including air supply system, test specimen, left and right gas chamber and sensing testing system are provided.The power that oxygen spreads during the entire process of the present invention is only concentration gradient, and carried out in the chamber of device two provided with solution pool under constant humidity with to ensure whole process of the test and humidity can be changed by changing different salting liquids, measurement is simple, and data are accurately and reliably.By transportation law of the oxygen in cement-based material under different humidity can for oxygen under further research different humidity to cement-based material in the tarnishing processes of reinforcing bar data basis is provided.
Description
Technical field
Filled the present invention relates to the method for oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under a kind of measure different humidity and experiment
Put, belong to civil engineering material performance measurement technical field.
Background technology
The corrosion of Steel Bars in Concrete Structure is the main factor for causing structure military service hydraulic performance decline.In rebar surface
It is de- it is blunt after, the oxygen in air is spread by concrete to rebar surface, the oxygen diffusion system in concrete under different humidity
Number directly determines the rusting rate of reinforcing bar.Therefore, as one of necessary condition of Rust of Rebar in Concrete, oxygen is not
There are more clear and definite science and engineering application value with the diffusion coefficients in the concrete under humidity.However, due to
The porosity of concrete is low, and gas diffusivity is small, there is no so far effectively determine oxygen diffusion coefficient in concrete both at home and abroad
Experimental rig.
At present, infiltrative measure of the test method primarily directed to concrete water, gas is had, that is, experiment is in pressure
Carried out under power water or gas effect.Such as Chinese patent Authorization Notice No. CN1111737C, authorized announcement date is in June, 2003
18, entitled " rapid evaluation method for concrete permeability " disclosed one kind and utilizes chloride diffusion coefficient and concrete
The method that the value of electrical conductivity is evaluated the permeability of concrete；Chinese patent Authorization Notice No. CN102735592B, is authorized
The day for announcing is on April 2nd, 2014, entitled " a kind of device for measuring carbon dioxide in diffusion coefficient of rock ", by determining
The change of pressure carbon dioxide measures diffusion coefficient of the carbon dioxide in rock；Chinese patent Authorization Notice No.
CN204924869U, authorized announcement date is on December 30th, 2015, entitled " cement-based material osmotic coefficient investigating device ",
Device Jie of testing permeability is carried out to the cement-based material of different porosities under the effect of constant water pressure power there is provided a kind of
Continue.But the result that the test method is determined is the water of concrete, impervious coefficient, rather than diffusion coefficient.Under natural conditions
Transmission of the oxygen from reinforced concrete surface to rebar surface under different humidity, its mechanism is the diffusion of oxygen.Cause
This, researches and develops a kind of oxygen diffusion coefficient assay method and experimental rig for being directed to cement based porous materials under different humidity to section
Research and engineer applied, which all have, to have very important significance.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that oxygen diffusion coefficient determines device in existing cement based structures, the present invention is with cement matrix
Expect for subjects, to devise the method and experimental rig of the diffusion coefficient of oxygen wherein under a set of measurable different humidity.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of method for determining oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, comprises the following steps：
1) preparation of cement-based material test specimen to be measured
Pour after shaping cement-based material test specimen to be measured, the cylinder that surveyed cement-based material is cut into setting thickness,
It is placed in a series of different saturated salt solution closed containers, treats that it reaches that interior humidity is balanced；And in test specimen side epoxy
Resin applies the influence coated with isolation ambient atmosphere；
2) connection of single unit system
By step 1) obtaining the end face of cement-based material test specimen, to connect into a sealing with two gas chamber respectively overall；
Injection and step 1 in two cavity bottom solution pools) identical saturated salt solution, it is ensured that chamber interior humidity and test specimen humidity
Keep balance；The air intake valve of gas chamber is connected with two air feed bottles respectively；Mobile piston respectively with two oxygen sensor phases
Even；Two oxygen sensors are connected with oxygen data (FBG) demodulator；Two oxygen data (FBG) demodulators are connected with data logger；Data are remembered
Record instrument is connected with computer；Whole device ensures that the air-tightness of connection is good and single unit system is placed on into thermostatic chamber after connecting
It is interior；
3) cement-based material oxygen diffusion coefficient D under different humidityfMeasure
Air feed bottle is opened, respectively toward a certain amount of oxygen and nitrogen is filled with two gas chamber, is demodulated using oxygen data
The oxygen concentration not in the same time in Xia Liang gas chamber that instrument and data logger are monitored changes, associated ideal gaseous state
Equation, Fick First Laws can obtain the calculation formula of oxygen diffusion coefficient under the humidity：
In formula：DfFor oxygen diffusion coefficient, unit m2/s；For the oxygen concentration gradients of the chamber of left and right two, unit mol/
m4, do not descend the oxygen concentration of two chambers to be worth to its functional relation between the time in the same time according to what is recorded；T is examination
Test the time, unit s；N is hypoxemia chamber from t=0 to the amount of the material of increased total oxygen when terminating to test, unit mol；S
For effective diffusion area of oxygen, unit m2。
Further, the cement-based material test specimen, is poured after shaping and standard curing 28d according to predetermined match ratio, by it
The cylinder of setting thickness is cut into, a series of different saturated salt solution closed containers is placed in, treats that it reaches interior humidity
Balance.
A kind of experimental rig for being used to determine oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, including supply system
System, test specimen, left and right gas chamber and sensing testing system, the test specimen are cement-based material test specimen, and left and right gas chamber is connected
Two end faces of cement-based material test specimen are connected to, the left and right gas chamber includes air intake valve, chamber tube wall, movement respectively
Piston, piston packing and solution pool, the air intake valve are arranged on chamber tube wall, and the mobile piston movably covers
In chamber tube wall, piston packing is set between the inwall of mobile piston and the chamber tube wall, is provided with cavity bottom
For ensureing that chamber interior humidity keeps the solution pool of balance with test specimen humidity；
The air intake valve is connected with air supply system, and the air supply system is by air feed bottle, outlet valve and delivery conduit group
Into, the air feed bottle has oxygen cylinder and nitrogen cylinder, and the delivery conduit has two, is connected respectively with the outlet valve of air feed bottle,
Two delivery conduit other ends are connected with air intake valve；
The sensing testing system includes oxygen sensor and oxygen data (FBG) demodulator, left for measuring cement-based material
Oxygen concentration in right two chambers, the oxygen sensor is arranged on the mobile piston close to the test specimen side；The oxygen
Sensor is connected with the oxygen data (FBG) demodulator.
Further, the experimental rig also includes data collecting system, and described data collecting system includes data record
Instrument and computer, for the record and subsequent treatment of the oxygen concentration data in the chamber of cement-based material or so two, the oxygen
Destiny is connected according to (FBG) demodulator with the data logger.
Further, the air supply system, test specimen, left and right gas chamber and sensing testing system are respectively positioned in thermostatic chamber.
Further, the oxygen sensor is installed in reserved aperture in the middle part of the mobile piston, the aperture.
The chamber cavity wall is carved with scale, the volume to calculate two chambers.
The mobile piston main body of two chamber is made using transparent organic glass, and piston packing uses nitrile rubber,
And the aperture of a 20mm is respectively provided with, to be connected with sensing testing system.
A kind of method of work for the measure device for being used under different humidity oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material, including
Following steps：
1) the cement-based material test specimen being molded and after standard curing 28d is cut into diameter 50- 100mm, thick 10-20mm's
Cylinder specimen, is placed in saturated salt solution closed container, after the time reaches interior humidity balance, will using epoxy resin
Non-diffusing face (cylindrical sides) applies the influence coated with isolation outside air；
2) by the cement-based material test specimen handled well with two chamber rubber gasket pads of left and right after, reuse double
The chamber of left and right two is attached by hook bolt with cement-based material test specimen, the junction coating such as around packing ring after connecting
Appropriate vaseline is to ensure the air-tightness of test specimen and chamber junction；
3) inject enough with step 1 in the chamber solution pool of left and right two) identical saturated salt solution；
4) air intake valve on two chamber tops is opened, after coating moderate lubrication oil outside piston packing, by mobile work
Fill in the cavity wall for being pushed into make, kept while should meeting guarantee air-tightness in chamber at original gas, piston to exclude
The mobility of piston；
5) oxygen sensor is put at the reserved aperture of left and right two chambers movement piston, all scholars is smeared after fixing
Woods is to ensure air-tightness；
6) the oxygen sensor other end is connected with oxygen data (FBG) demodulator for testing the oxygen concentration in two chambers,
And oxygen data (FBG) demodulator is connected with data logger to data record, recorder is connected with computer to record
Output and subsequent treatment；
7) air intake valve above cavity wall is connected by delivery conduit with air feed bottle, and oxygen chamber connects oxygen cylinder, nitrogen chamber
Room connects nitrogen cylinder, and whole device connection is completed；
8) air-tightness of check device；
9) start experiment, open air feed bottle outlet valve and cavity wall top air inlet valve, respectively toward inflation in two chambers,
Make to move piston uniform speed slow is moved outwardly until chamber afterbody, and reads now plunger distance test specimen with cavity wall high scale
The distance of end face is to calculate chamber volume；
10) open the calibrated good oxygen data (FBG) demodulator that is connected with two chambers, now the moment be designated as t=0, be used in combination
Oxygen concentration in now two chambers is recorded and is transferred in computer by data logger；
11) due to the difference in oxygen concentration in the chamber of left and right, oxygen gradually passes through cement-based material test specimen from high oxygen concentration chamber
Hypoxemia chamber is diffused to, in this process, due to the effect of saturated salt solution in the chamber solution pool of left and right two, whole device
Interior humidity keeps constant.With recorder record not in the same time under two chambers in oxygen concentration；
12) when two chamber oxygen concentrations are close, now two chamber concentration gradient very little, oxygen continues through cement base
The diffusing capacity very little of material test specimen, stops experiment, records now moment t；
13) according to data above, under the damp condition that the saturated salt solution is controlled, due to the difference in oxygen concentration of two chambers,
Oxygen spreads under the power of oxygen concentration gradient in cement-based material test specimen, the oxygen diffusion coefficient of cement-based material test specimen
It can be tried to achieve according to below equation：
In formula：DfFor oxygen diffusion coefficient (m2/s)；For the oxygen concentration gradients (mol/m of the chamber of left and right two4), can
The oxygen concentration of two chambers is not descended to be worth to its functional relation between the time in the same time according to what is recorded；When t is experiment
Between (s)；N is hypoxemia chamber from t=0 to the amount (mol) of the material of increased total oxygen when terminating to test；S is effective for oxygen
Diffusion area (m2)。
14) saturated salt solution in solution pool, repeat step 1 are changed)~13), exist so as to obtain oxygen under different humidity
Diffusion coefficient in cement-based material.
The derivation of formula (1) is as follows：
Assuming that the stable state diffusion of oxygen meets Fick First Laws, and under the method for testing, it is assumed that oxygen diffusion way
For one-dimensional diffusion, then have：
Wherein, dN is the amount of oxygen by cement-based material test specimen, D in the dt timesfFor oxygen diffusion coefficient；For oxygen
The concentration gradient of gas in the x direction；S is effective diffusion area of oxygen.
In fact, cement-based material is as a kind of porous media material, it can only be entered when oxygen spreads wherein by hole
OK.Therefore, Actual path when oxygen spreads is full of twists and turns, much larger than the vertical range on two surfaces, and can not possibly definitely know
The size of road diffusion cross section, therefore oxygen diffusion coefficient in aforementioned formula is " equivalent diffusivity " in fact, i.e., with perpendicular to
Calculate and obtain based on the gross area and cement-based material specimen thickness of dispersal direction.
According to law of gas diffusion：At that the same temperature and pressure, the diffusion velocity of gas and its density or molecular weight
Square root be inversely proportional.Therefore, for oxygen and nitrogen, the square roots of both molecular weight closely (5.65 with
5.29), therefore the diffusion velocity of oxygen and nitrogen diffusion velocity approximately equal can be approximately considered.Therefore, the pressure of the chamber of left and right two
The strong moment is equal and chamber volume is basically unchanged in diffusion process.
From (i), total oxygen diffusing capacity is when stopping experiment：
So, the effective diffusion cofficient of cement-based material test specimen is：
Oxygen concentration content and chamber volume are not descended in the same time according to what the chamber of left and right two was recorded, according to ideal
The equation of gas state can obtain two chambers not in the same time under oxygen density value, it is assumed that oxygen concentration is in cement-based material center line
Property distribution, and oxygen is diffused as one-dimensional diffusion, can obtain
In formula：C2For it is certain when inscribe oxygen concentration (mol/m3) in hyperoxia chamber, C1Hypoxemia chamber is descended in the same time for phase
Oxygen concentration value (mol/m3) in room, X is cement-based material specimen thickness (m).
From formula (5),It is the function with time correlation, the chamber of left and right two of cement-based material test specimen is not descended in the same time
The oxygen concentration gradient of room is different.AndIt can be carried out with the function of time according to the data of test data sheet using OriginPro softwares
Data fitting is obtained, and thus can obtain the oxygen diffusion coefficient of surveyed cement-based material test specimen by calculating by formula (4).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Because driving force of the oxygen in transmitting procedure is only concentration gradient, and device is adopted
With precision higher oxygen sensor and data logger, and effectively combined, can be compared with according to experimental test data
For convenience calculate diffusion coefficient of the oxygen in cement-based material.On the other hand, the present invention is controlled using saturated salt solution
Ambient humidity processed, and device devises solution pool to place different saturated salt solutions, controls in whole process of the test
Moisture stable, and can reach that oxygen expands in cement-based material under measurement different humidity by changing different saturated salt solutions
Dissipate the purpose of coefficient.Whole process measurement is simple, and data are accurately and reliably.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of gas chamber of the present invention, wherein, (a) is front view, and (b) is top view；
Fig. 3 is the mobile piston three-view diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 be according to the chamber of cement-based material test specimen or so two not in the same time under oxygen density value obtained by oxygen
Concentration gradient and the graph of a relation of time.
In Fig. 1,1, cement-based material test specimen；2nd, epoxy resin；3rd, rubber gasket；4th, chamber tube wall；5th, air inlet
Valve；6th, mobile piston；7th, piston packing；8th, solution pool；9th, stud；10th, oxygen sensor；11st, oxygen data solution
Adjust instrument；12nd, data logger；13rd, computer；14th, delivery conduit；15th, air feed bottle；16th, outlet valve.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
1~Fig. 4 of reference picture, a kind of method for determining oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, bag
Include following steps：
1) preparation of cement-based material test specimen to be measured
Shaping cement-based material test specimen to be measured is poured, surveyed cement-based material is cut into after certain thickness cylinder,
It is placed in a series of different saturated salt solution closed containers, treats that it reaches that interior humidity is balanced；And in test specimen side (non-oxygen
Gas diffusingsurface) apply the influence coated with isolation ambient atmosphere with epoxy resin；
2) connection of single unit system
It will 1) obtain on test specimen pad after rubber gasket with stud that to connect into a sealing with two gas chamber whole
Body, and apply a little vaseline to increase sealing in contact position；Injection is satisfied with 1) identical in two cavity bottom solution pools
And salting liquid, it is ensured that chamber interior humidity keeps balancing with test specimen humidity；By chamber top air inlet valve respectively with two air feed bottles
It is connected；Mobile piston is connected with two oxygen sensors respectively；Two oxygen sensors are connected with oxygen data (FBG) demodulator；Two oxygen
Data (FBG) demodulator is connected with data logger；Data logger is connected with computer.Whole device ensures connection after connecting
Air-tightness is good and is placed in thermostatic chamber to exclude the influence that temperature spreads oxygen by single unit system.
3) cement-based material oxygen diffusion coefficient D under different humidityfMeasure
Air feed bottle is opened, respectively toward a certain amount of oxygen and nitrogen is filled with two gas chamber, online oxygen analyser is utilized
The oxygen concentration not in the same time in Xia Liang gas chamber monitored with recording instrument without paper changes, associated ideal gaseous state side
Journey, Fick First Laws can obtain the calculation formula of oxygen diffusion coefficient under the humidity：
In formula：DfFor oxygen diffusion coefficient (m2/s)；For the oxygen concentration gradients (mol/m of the chamber of left and right two4), can root
The oxygen concentration of two chambers is not descended to be worth to its functional relation between the time in the same time according to what is recorded；T is test period
(s)；N is hypoxemia chamber from t=0 to the amount (mol) of the material of increased total oxygen when terminating to test；S is effective expansion of oxygen
Dissipate area (m2)。
A kind of experimental rig for being used to determine oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, including cement base
Material test specimen 1, a gas chamber is respectively connected in described cement-based material test specimen the right and left；The chamber of described gas chamber or so two
It is made up of respectively air intake valve 5, chamber tube wall 4, mobile piston 6, solution pool 8 per chamber；Two described air intake valves 5 exist respectively
On the top of two cavity walls 4 of the left and right, and it is connected with two delivery conduits 14；The described reserved diameter in the middle part of mobile piston 6
20mm aperture, to being put into for oxygen sensor probe 10；Described solution pool 8 is located at the bottom of respective chamber, to full
With the placement of salting liquid.
The described other end of two delivery conduit 14 is connected with the outlet valve 16 of oxygen cylinder and nitrogen cylinder respectively, described
Outlet valve is connected to 15 air velocity to control oxygen and nitrogen in two air feed bottles.Described oxygen sensor 10 is another
One end is connected with oxygen data (FBG) demodulator 11, and described oxygen data (FBG) demodulator 11 uses KY-2F1 type oxygen analyzers, to a left side
Oxygen concentration test in right two chambers.Described oxygen data (FBG) demodulator 11 is connected with data logger 12, the data note
Instrument 12 is by test data collection and inputs in coupled computer 13 for record, completes the data acquisition in test process.
A kind of experimental rig for being used to determine oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, course of work bag
Include following steps：
1) the cement-based material test specimen 1 being molded and after standard curing 28d is cut into diameter 50- 100mm, thick 10-20mm's
Cylinder specimen, is placed in saturated salt solution closed container, after the time reaches interior humidity balance, will using epoxy resin 2
Non-diffusing face (cylindrical sides) applies the influence coated with isolation outside air；
2) after the cement-based material test specimen 1 handled well is padded with two chamber rubber gaskets 3 of left and right, reuse
The chamber of left and right two is attached by stud 9 with cement-based material test specimen 1, after connecting around packing ring 3 etc. junction
Appropriate vaseline is coated to ensure the air-tightness of test specimen and chamber junction；
3) inject enough with step 1 in the chamber solution pool 8 of left and right two) identical saturated salt solution；
4) air intake valve 5 on two chamber tops is opened, after coating moderate lubrication oil outside piston packing 7, by movement
Piston 6 is pushed into the cavity wall 4 made, while should meeting guarantee air-tightness in chamber at original gas, piston to exclude
Keep the mobility of piston；
5) oxygen sensor 10 is put at the reserved aperture of left and right two chambers movement piston 6, smeared after fixing all
Intellectual circle is to ensure air-tightness；
6) other end of oxygen sensor 10 is connected dense for testing the oxygen in two chambers with oxygen data (FBG) demodulator 11
Degree, and oxygen data (FBG) demodulator 11 is connected with data logger 12 to data record, by recorder 12 and the phase of computer 13
It is used in conjunction to record output and subsequent treatment；
7) air intake valve 5 of the top of cavity wall 4 is connected by delivery conduit 14 with air feed bottle 15, and oxygen chamber connects oxygen cylinder,
Nitrogen chamber connects nitrogen cylinder, and whole device connection is completed；
8) air-tightness of check device；
9) start experiment, open air feed bottle outlet valve 16 and cavity wall top air inlet valve 5, respectively toward filling in two chambers
Gas, make to move piston uniform speed slow is moved outwardly until chamber afterbody, and reads now plunger distance with cavity wall high scale and try
The distance of part end face is to calculate chamber volume；.
10) open the calibrated good oxygen data (FBG) demodulator 11 that is connected with two chambers, now the moment be designated as t=0, and
The oxygen concentration in now two chambers is recorded and is transferred to 13 in computer with data logger 12；
11) due to the difference in oxygen concentration in the chamber of left and right, oxygen gradually passes through cement-based material test specimen from high oxygen concentration chamber
Hypoxemia chamber is diffused to, in this process, due to the effect of saturated salt solution in the chamber solution pool 8 of left and right two, whole device
Interior humidity keeps constant.With recorder record not in the same time under two chambers in oxygen concentration；
12) when two chamber oxygen concentrations are close, now two chamber concentration gradient very little, oxygen continues through cement base
The diffusing capacity very little of material test specimen, stops experiment, records now moment t；
13) according to data above, under the damp condition that the saturated salt solution is controlled, due to the difference in oxygen concentration of two chambers,
Oxygen spreads under the power of oxygen concentration gradient in cement-based material test specimen, the oxygen diffusion coefficient of cement-based material test specimen
It can be tried to achieve according to below equation：
In formula：DfFor oxygen diffusion coefficient (m2/s)；For the oxygen concentration gradients (mol/m of the chamber of left and right two4), can
The oxygen concentration of two chambers is not descended to be worth to its functional relation between the time in the same time according to what is recorded；When t is experiment
Between (s)；N is hypoxemia chamber from t=0 to the amount (mol) of the material of increased total oxygen when terminating to test；S is effective for oxygen
Diffusion area (m2)。
14) saturated salt solution in solution pool, repeat step 1 are changed)~13), exist so as to obtain oxygen under different humidity
Diffusion coefficient in cement-based material.
With using saturation potassium acetate solution (at a temperature of 288K, can control envionmental humidity RH=23.40 ±
0.32%), the measurement ratio of mud 0.53, match ratio are cement:Water:Sand=1:0.53:The oxygen diffusion of 2.0 mortar specimen
Exemplified by coefficient determination, the work to the present invention is illustrated.
The raw material of the embodiment mixing mortar are：Cement is the class a portland cement of P.I 525, and sand uses modulus of fineness
2.6 river sand, water uses running water.After fog room Plays maintenance 28d, mortar specimen is cut into diameter 75mm, thick 10mm
Cylinder specimen, above-mentioned test specimen is placed in saturation potassium acetate solution closed container and conserves to internal balance by this embodiment
Afterwards, the influence coated with isolation ambient atmosphere is applied with epoxy resin in test specimen side (non-oxygen diffusingsurface), carries out oxygen diffusion system
Several tests.
It is whole by with two gas chamber a sealing is connected into stud after rubber gasket on mortar specimen pad
Body, and apply a little vaseline to increase sealing in contact position；Enough saturation second is injected in two cavity bottom solution pools
Sour potassium solution, it is ensured that chamber interior humidity keeps balancing with test specimen humidity；By chamber top air inlet valve respectively with two air feed bottles
It is connected；Mobile piston is connected with two oxygen sensors respectively；Two oxygen sensors are connected with oxygen data (FBG) demodulator；Two oxygen
Data (FBG) demodulator is connected with data logger；Data logger is connected with computer.Whole device ensures connection after connecting
Air-tightness is good and is placed in thermostatic chamber to exclude the influence that temperature spreads oxygen by single unit system.
Air feed bottle is opened, respectively toward being filled with a certain amount of oxygen in two gas chamber with nitrogen relief oxygen in concentration ladder
Degree effect is lower to be transmitted by cement base test specimen.Due to the work of saturation potassium acetate solution in solution pool in whole process of the test
With whole device interior humidity keeps constant.When monitoring different under the embodiment using oxygen sensor and data logger
Carve the oxygen concentration as shown in table 1 in mortar specimen or so two gas chamber
Table 1
(data explanation：Due to the installation method only need to left and right two chamber oxygen concentration gradients presence, therefore due to
Two chambers exclude the degree difference of original gas in chamber in the embodiment, therefore the oxygen in nitrogen chamber and oxygen chamber is dense
Degree is not 0 and 100%.)
The experimental condition of the embodiment is as follows：
T=288K, P=101000Pa, V=0.075*0.075*250=1.40*10-3m3,
S=0.075*0.075=5.6*10-3m2；
According to The Ideal-Gas Equation：PV=nRt；With reference to
In the above formula：For the amount (mol) of the material of the respective oxygen of left and right chamber；C is dense for the amount of oxygen species
Spend (mol/m3)；V is chamber volume (m3)；For the concentration gradient (mol/m of oxygen in the x direction4), it is assumed that oxygen concentration
Linear distribution understands that oxygen concentration gradients are equal to cement-based material test specimen or so oxygen concentration difference Δ in cement-based material test specimen
C divided by specimen thickness X.
The data of table 1 are substituted into, can be obtainedFigure such as Fig. 4.
According to experimental results of the Fig. 4 after data processing, carry out data fitting using OriginPro softwares and obtainWith
Time t functional relation, as shown in Figure 4, the oxygen concentration gradients of two chambers of described cement-based material test specimen of embodiment 3 or so
It is as follows with the relation function of time：
According to the data of table 1, in on-test, the nitrogen chamber at the end of obtains oxygen total increment N=to the embodiment
0.008775mol。
Therefore, convolutionT=97380s, can be tried to achieve under the embodiment, oxygen
Gas spreads diffusion coefficient under the power of oxygen concentration gradient in mortar specimen：
The embodiment terminates, under the embodiment, the mortar specimen envionmental humidity be 23.40 ±
When 0.32% (control of saturation potassium acetate solution), the oxygen effective diffusion cofficient of the mortar specimen is Df=6.03*10-8
(m2/s)。
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for determining oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, it is characterised in that：Including with
Lower step：
1) preparation of cement-based material test specimen to be measured
Pour after shaping cement-based material test specimen to be measured, the cylinder that surveyed cement-based material is cut into setting thickness, be placed in
In a series of different saturated salt solution closed containers, treat that it reaches that interior humidity is balanced；And in test specimen side epoxy resin
Apply the influence coated with isolation ambient atmosphere；
2) connection of single unit system
By step 1) obtaining the end face of cement-based material test specimen, to connect into a sealing with two gas chamber respectively overall；In two chambers
Injection and step 1 in the bottom solution pond of room) identical saturated salt solution, it is ensured that chamber interior humidity keeps flat with test specimen humidity
Weighing apparatus；The air intake valve of gas chamber is connected with two air feed bottles respectively；Mobile piston is connected with two oxygen sensors respectively；Two oxygen
Gas sensor is connected with oxygen data (FBG) demodulator；Two oxygen data (FBG) demodulators are connected with data logger；Data logger and meter
Calculation machine is connected；Whole device ensures that the air-tightness of connection is good and single unit system is placed in thermostatic chamber after connecting；
3) under different humidity cement-based material oxygen diffusion coefficient Df measure
Open air feed bottle, respectively toward being filled with a certain amount of oxygen and nitrogen in two gas chamber, using oxygen data (FBG) demodulator with
The oxygen concentration change not in the same time in Xia Liang gas chamber that data logger is monitored, the associated ideal equation of gas state,
Fick First Laws can obtain the calculation formula of oxygen diffusion coefficient under the humidity：
In formula：DfFor oxygen diffusion coefficient, unit m2/s；For the oxygen concentration gradients of the chamber of left and right two, unit mol/m4, root
The oxygen concentration of two chambers is not descended to be worth to its functional relation between the time in the same time according to what is recorded；T is test period,
Unit s；N is hypoxemia chamber from t=0 to the amount of the material of increased total oxygen when terminating to test, unit mol；S has for oxygen
Imitate diffusion area, unit m2。
2. the method as claimed in claim 1 for being used to determine oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material under different humidity, it is special
Levy and be：The cement-based material test specimen, pours after shaping and standard curing 28d according to predetermined match ratio, is cut to and sets
Determine the cylinder of thickness, be placed in a series of different saturated salt solution closed containers, treat that it reaches that interior humidity is balanced.
3. a kind of be used to determine as claimed in claim 1 under different humidity the method for oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based material
Experimental rig, it is characterised in that：Including air supply system, test specimen, left and right gas chamber and sensing testing system, the test specimen is water
Cement-based material test specimen, left and right gas chamber is connected to two end faces of cement-based material test specimen, the left and right gas chamber point
Not Bao Kuo air intake valve, chamber tube wall, mobile piston, piston packing and solution pool, the air intake valve is arranged on chamber pipe
On wall, the mobile piston is movably sleeved in chamber tube wall, is set between the inwall of mobile piston and the chamber tube wall
Piston packing is put, the solution pool for being used for ensureing that chamber interior humidity keeps balance with test specimen humidity is provided with cavity bottom；
The air intake valve is connected with air supply system, and the air supply system is made up of air feed bottle, outlet valve and delivery conduit, institute
Stating air feed bottle has oxygen cylinder and nitrogen cylinder, and the delivery conduit has two, is connected respectively with the outlet valve of air feed bottle, and described two
The root delivery conduit other end is connected with air intake valve；
The sensing testing system includes oxygen sensor and oxygen data (FBG) demodulator, for measuring the chamber of cement-based material or so two
Oxygen concentration in room, the oxygen sensor is arranged on the mobile piston close to the test specimen side；The oxygen sensor
It is connected with the oxygen data (FBG) demodulator.
4. experimental rig as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The experimental rig also includes data collecting system, institute
The data collecting system stated includes data logger and computer, for the oxygen concentration number in the chamber of cement-based material or so two
According to record and subsequent treatment, the oxygen data (FBG) demodulator is connected with the data logger.
5. the experimental rig as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The air supply system, test specimen, left and right gas chamber
It is respectively positioned on sensing testing system in thermostatic chamber.
6. the experimental rig as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：Reserved aperture, described small in the middle part of the mobile piston
The oxygen sensor is installed in hole.
7. the experimental rig as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The chamber cavity wall is carved with scale, to calculate
The volume of two chambers.
8. the experimental rig as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The mobile piston main body of two chamber is using saturating
Bright lucite makes, and piston packing uses nitrile rubber, and is respectively provided with the aperture of a 20mm, is used to and sensing testing system
It is connected.
9. the experimental rig as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The left and right gas chamber air pressure moment and the external world
Air pressure is equal.
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| CN107247010B9 (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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Correction item: Denomination of Invention|Description Correct: Method and device for measuring oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based materials under different humidity levels|correct False: Method and experimental apparatus for determining the oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based materials|error Number: 26-01 Page: ?? Volume: 39 Correction item: Denomination of Invention Correct: Method and device for measuring oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based materials under different humidity levels False: Method and experimental apparatus for determining the oxygen diffusion coefficient in cement-based materials Number: 26-01 Volume: 39 |
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