CN107244938B - Manufacturing method of high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN107244938B CN107244938B CN201710098362.2A CN201710098362A CN107244938B CN 107244938 B CN107244938 B CN 107244938B CN 201710098362 A CN201710098362 A CN 201710098362A CN 107244938 B CN107244938 B CN 107244938B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a high-performance composite carbon fiber draft tube, which comprises the steps of mixing mixed carbon fibers consisting of chopped carbon fibers and ground carbon fibers with an organic binder and a solvent, removing the solvent, mixing the composite carbon fibers coated with the organic binder on the surface with water and a dispersing agent to form carbon fiber mixed slurry, and carrying out vacuum suction molding to prepare a prefabricated product of the composite carbon fiber draft tube; dehydrating the mixture by adopting a hot steam or hot air heating mode, and completing infusible and insoluble treatment; and then carrying out carbonization or graphitization treatment to obtain a finished product of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder. The composite carbon fiber guide cylinder manufactured by the invention has the characteristics of good heat insulation performance, good oxidation resistance, low thermal capacity and high strength, and the manufacturing process is simple, the cost is low, the shape and the size of a finished product are controllable, and the density is adjustable; the finished product is not easy to crack, has good self-supporting property and long service life; after surface treatment, the paint also has excellent oxidation resistance and further prolongs the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of guide cylinders for high-temperature furnaces, in particular to a manufacturing method of a high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder.
Background
With the progress of science and technology, the fields of military affairs, national defense, solar energy, semiconductors, heat treatment and the like are rapidly developed, and the development of the fields relates to the use of heat-insulating materials; especially, in recent years, with the rapid development of solar energy and semiconductors, the demand for thermal insulation materials is more prominent, and the requirements for thermal insulation materials are higher and higher, so that not only energy conservation and consumption reduction are required, but also high oxidation resistance is required, and the requirements also continuously promote the rapid development of the field of thermal insulation materials.
The carbon fiber heat preservation material which is commonly used in domestic high-temperature vacuum furnaces is soft carbon felt (needle felt), and when the soft carbon felt is used as a heat insulation material, the soft carbon felt has the defects of low strength, easy deformation, easy pulverization, poor heat insulation effect, time and labor waste in disassembly and assembly and the like. The newly developed carbon fiber hard felt heat insulation material can overcome the defects of the soft carbon felt, and therefore, the carbon fiber hard felt heat insulation material is increasingly widely used as a heat insulation material for high temperature furnaces such as crystal furnaces, ceramic sintering furnaces, vapor deposition furnaces and the like.
At present, the domestic carbon fiber hard felt mainly adopts a PAN-based soft carbon felt impregnation molding process. The carbon fiber hard felt manufactured by the impregnation die pressing process has the defects of high energy consumption, low interlaminar strength of the carbon fiber hard felt, easiness in cracking, short service life, high binder content, poor oxidation resistance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, the manufactured composite carbon fiber guide cylinder has the characteristics of good heat insulation performance, good oxidation resistance, low thermal capacity and high strength, and the manufacturing process is simple, the cost is low, the shape and the size of a finished product are controllable, and the density is adjustable; the finished product is not easy to crack, has good self-supporting property and long service life; the surface treated product has excellent antioxidant performance and long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder comprises the following steps:
1) preparing short carbon fibers; chopping the carbon fibers to obtain chopped carbon fibers with the average length of 1-80 mm;
2) preparing ground carbon fibers; grinding carbon fibers to obtain ground carbon fibers with the average length of 100-800 mu m;
3) fully and uniformly mixing the chopped carbon fibers and the ground carbon fibers by a cyclone separator according to the weight ratio of 10-90: 90-10 to obtain mixed carbon fibers;
4) mixing the mixed carbon fibers with an organic binder and a solvent according to a weight ratio of 100: 20-230: 3-920 to obtain a carbon fiber mixed solution; putting the carbon fiber mixed solution into a mesh bag, primarily filtering the carbon fiber mixed solution by using the mesh bag with the mesh aperture of 1-50 mu m, and then directly blowing hot air at 50-60 ℃ into the mesh bag for 10-30 min to completely volatilize a solvent in the carbon fiber mixed solution to obtain the composite carbon fiber with the surface coated with the organic binder;
5) fully mixing the composite carbon fiber coated with the organic binder on the surface with water and a dispersing agent according to a weight ratio of 0.3-6: 100: 0.1-2 to form uniform carbon fiber mixed slurry;
6) vacuum suction molding is adopted for the carbon fiber mixed slurry; immersing a guide shell forming die for vacuum suction into a forming pool, wherein the guide shell forming die consists of an inner die and an outer die which are sleeved together, and the inner die and the outer die are of a conical cylindrical structure; wherein the inner mould is made of a sieve plate, a screen is fixed on the outer surface of the inner mould, the aperture of the screen is 30-200 mu m, the outer mould is of a grid structure, and the single side or the radial size of the grid hole is 30-100 mm;
the guide cylinder forming die is placed in the forming pool with the axis in a vertical state, and the upper end of the guide cylinder forming die is provided with a positioning step for playing a positioning role when the guide cylinder forming die is immersed in the forming pool;
a vacuum forming chamber is formed between the inner die and the outer die, and the vacuum forming chamber has the shape and the size matched with the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder; the suction pipe is arranged along the longitudinal center of the inner die; under the action of the suction pipe, the carbon fiber mixed slurry is arranged and formed in the vacuum forming chamber according to a rule to prepare a composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product;
7) taking out the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and the guide cylinder forming die from the forming pool, and heating the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and the guide cylinder forming die for 2-5 hours by adopting hot steam or hot air at the temperature of 100-240 ℃ to dehydrate the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and finish non-melting and non-dissolving treatment;
8) demoulding the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product subjected to dehydration, non-melting and non-dissolving treatment, and then putting the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product into a vacuum furnace or carbonizing the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product in an inert atmosphere, wherein the carbonization temperature is 800-1800 ℃; graphitization treatment can be carried out according to the use requirement, and the graphitization temperature is 1800-2500 ℃; obtaining the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder after carbonization or graphitization treatment;
9) the density of the prepared composite carbon fiber guide cylinder0.1 to 0.35g/cm 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.35W/m.K;
10) optionally carrying out surface treatment on the composite carbon fiber guide shell according to the requirement; so as to increase the airflow scouring resistance and oxidation resistance and prolong the service life of the device; the surface treatment comprises the following specific steps:
a. performing surface polishing on the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder through mechanical processing;
b. coating a binder layer on the inner/outer surface or the inner/outer surface of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, and further pasting a protective layer outside the binder layer according to needs, wherein the protective layer is flexible graphite paper/carbon fiber cloth, carbon cloth or a graphite sheet or can be not pasted with the protective layer;
c. and c, curing the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder treated in the step b, and then carbonizing/graphitizing to obtain the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder subjected to surface treatment.
The carbon fiber used in the preparation of the chopped carbon fiber or the ground carbon fiber is one or more of pitch-based carbon fiber, viscose-based carbon fiber and PAN-based carbon fiber, preferably the chopped pitch-based carbon fiber, and is mixed according to any proportion when more than one carbon fiber is selected.
The mesh bag is made of non-woven fabrics, artificial cotton, polypropylene, Teflon or polyester materials, and the aperture of the mesh bag is 1-50 microns, preferably 5-30 microns.
The mesh hole shape of the outer die is one of triangle, circle, square, rectangle, rhombus, regular polygon or irregular polygon.
The organic binder is selected from one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, furan resin, urea resin, vinyl ester resin, polyamide, acrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polystyrene, monosaccharide, polysaccharide, asphalt and tar which are randomly mixed.
The solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, diethyl ether, furfuryl alcohol, furfural, acetone, benzene, toluene, furfuryl alcohol and furfural.
The dispersing agent is selected from one or more of methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose ether, methyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, starch and modified starch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder with higher density, low thermal conductivity and high strength can be manufactured, and the finished product has excellent crack resistance;
the chopped carbon fibers adopted by the invention not only can increase the strength of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, but also can increase the toughness of the guide cylinder, so that the guide cylinder can resist impact, and has excellent crack resistance; the adopted ground carbon fibers not only can properly adjust the density of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, but also can increase the content of carbon fibers in a finished product; the content of the carbon fiber not only can influence the heat conductivity coefficient of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, but also can influence the oxidation resistance of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder; the more the carbon fiber content is, the better the arrangement is, and the smaller the heat conductivity coefficient of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is; the more the carbon fiber content is, the better the oxidation resistance is;
according to the invention, the density of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder can be adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the organic binder, the chopped carbon fibers and the ground carbon fibers and adjusting the vacuum degree in the vacuum suction forming process; the density of the prepared composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is 0.1-0.35 g/cm 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is lower than 0.35W/m.K;
2) the invention has the advantages of low production cost, simple process, high stability and convenient operation;
the invention adopts hot steam or hot air to dehydrate, not melt and insolubilize the prefabricated product of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency, reducing the production cost and saving the energy consumption; the dehydration, the non-melting and the insolubilization treatment by adopting the method can be completed in only 2-5 hours, and the non-melting and the insolubilization treatment by adopting a conventional oven or a conventional heating furnace can be completed in only 80-120 hours, so that the efficiency of the method is improved by dozens of times; the energy consumption of the operation link is reduced from the unit consumption of 11 yuan/kg to less than 3 yuan/kg, and the effects of energy conservation and consumption reduction are obvious;
3) the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder manufactured by the invention has good heat insulation effect;
in the prefabricated product of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, the arrangement direction of carbon fibers accords with two-dimensional arrangement and is vertical to the heat flow direction, so that the prefabricated product is the optimal direction for heat insulation; the product is not easy to crack, has good self-supporting property and long service life; particularly, the method has more advantages in process when large-size products are manufactured;
4) the invention adopts the matching of the inner mould and the outer mould, the shape and the size of the product can be shaped at one time through vacuum suction, the finished product can be processed slightly to obtain a fixed-size product, and the material utilization rate can reach more than 90%; the size of a product formed by adopting a common die cannot be accurately controlled, the surface processing amount is large, and the product utilization rate can reach 75-80% at most; therefore, the invention greatly improves the utilization rate of materials and reduces the generation of waste materials, thereby greatly reducing the production cost;
5) according to the use requirement, the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder can be further subjected to surface treatment on the basis of the prepared composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, so that the direct contact between the gas in a high-temperature furnace and the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder can be prevented, the airflow scouring resistance of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is improved, the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder has excellent oxidation resistance, and the service life of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is further prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vacuum suction forming process according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a draft tube forming mold used in vacuum suction forming according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer mold of the draft tube molding mold according to the present invention (taking diamond-shaped grids as an example).
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder according to the present invention after surface treatment of the inner surface thereof.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder of the present invention after surface treatment of the inner and outer surfaces thereof.
In the figure: 1. forming pool 2, guide cylinder forming mould 3, vacuum tank 4, water ring vacuum pump 5, suction pipe 6, inner mould 7, composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 8, outer mould 9, composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 10, adhesive layer 11, protective layer 12 and forming trolley
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention relates to a manufacturing method of a high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing short carbon fibers; chopping the carbon fibers to obtain chopped carbon fibers with the average length of 1-80 mm;
2) preparing ground carbon fibers; grinding the carbon fibers to obtain ground carbon fibers with the average length of 100-800 microns;
3) fully and uniformly mixing the chopped carbon fibers and the ground carbon fibers by a cyclone separator according to the weight ratio of 10-90: 90-10 to obtain mixed carbon fibers;
4) mixing the mixed carbon fibers with an organic binder and a solvent according to a weight ratio of 100: 20-230: 3-920 to obtain a carbon fiber mixed solution; putting the carbon fiber mixed solution into a mesh bag, primarily filtering the carbon fiber mixed solution by using the mesh bag with the mesh aperture of 1-50 mu m, and then directly blowing hot air at 50-60 ℃ into the mesh bag for 10-30 min to completely volatilize a solvent in the carbon fiber mixed solution to obtain the composite carbon fiber with the surface coated with the organic binder;
5) fully mixing the composite carbon fiber coated with the organic binder on the surface with water and a dispersing agent according to a weight ratio of 0.3-6: 100: 0.1-2 to form uniform carbon fiber mixed slurry;
6) vacuum suction molding is adopted for the carbon fiber mixed slurry; as shown in fig. 1, a draft tube forming mold 2 for vacuum suction is immersed in a forming pool 1, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the draft tube forming mold 2 is composed of an inner mold 6 and an outer mold 8 which are sleeved together, and the inner mold and the outer mold are both in a conical cylindrical structure; wherein the inner mould is made of a sieve plate, a screen is fixed on the outer surface of the inner mould, the aperture of the screen is 30-200 mu m, the outer mould is of a grid structure, and the single side or the radial size of the grid hole is 30-100 mm; (as shown in FIG. 4)
The guide shell forming die 2 is placed in the forming pool 1 in a vertical state with the axis, and the upper end of the guide shell forming die is provided with a positioning step for positioning when the guide shell forming die is immersed in the forming pool 1;
a vacuum forming chamber is formed between the inner mould and the outer mould, and the vacuum forming chamber has the shape and the size matched with the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder; the suction pipe 5 is arranged along the longitudinal center through length of the inner die 6; under the action of the suction pipe 5, the carbon fiber mixed slurry is regularly arranged and molded in a vacuum molding chamber to prepare a composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7;
7) taking out the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7 together with the guide cylinder forming die 2 from the forming pool 1, and heating the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7 for 2-5 hours by adopting hot steam or hot air at the temperature of 100-240 ℃ to dehydrate the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and finish non-melting and non-dissolving treatment;
8) demolding the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7 subjected to dehydration, non-melting and non-dissolving treatment, and then putting the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product into a vacuum furnace or carbonizing the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product in an inert atmosphere, wherein the carbonization temperature is 800-1800 ℃; graphitization treatment can be carried out according to the use requirement, and the graphitization temperature is 1800-2500 ℃; after carbonization or graphitization treatment, the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 is obtained;
9) the density of the prepared composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 is 0.1-0.35 g/cm 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.35W/m.K;
10) optionally carrying out surface treatment on the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 according to requirements; so as to increase the airflow scouring resistance and oxidation resistance and prolong the service life of the device; the surface treatment comprises the following specific steps:
a. performing surface polishing on the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 through mechanical processing;
b. as shown in fig. 5 and 6, an adhesive layer 10 is coated on the inner/outer surface or the inner/outer surface of the composite carbon fiber draft tube 9, a protective layer 11 may be further adhered on the outer surface of the adhesive layer 10 as required, and the protective layer 11 may be flexible graphite paper/carbon fiber cloth, carbon cloth or graphite sheet, or the protective layer 11 may not be adhered;
c. and c, curing the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder treated in the step b, and then carbonizing/graphitizing to obtain the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder subjected to surface treatment.
The carbon fiber used in the preparation of the chopped carbon fiber or the ground carbon fiber is one or more of pitch-based carbon fiber, viscose-based carbon fiber and PAN-based carbon fiber, the chopped pitch-based carbon fiber is preferred, and more than one carbon fiber is mixed according to any proportion.
The mesh bag is made of non-woven fabrics, artificial cotton, polypropylene, Teflon or polyester materials, and the aperture of the mesh bag is 1-50 microns, preferably 5-30 microns.
The mesh hole shape of the outer die is one of triangle, circle, square, rectangle, rhombus, regular polygon or irregular polygon.
The organic binder is selected from one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, furan resin, urea resin, vinyl ester resin, polyamide, acrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polystyrene, monosaccharide, polysaccharide, asphalt and tar which are randomly mixed.
The solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, diethyl ether, furfuryl alcohol, furfural, acetone, benzene, toluene, furfuryl alcohol and furfural.
The dispersing agent is one or more of methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose ether, methyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, starch and modified starch.
The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods and materials used in the following examples are conventional methods and materials unless otherwise specified.
[ example 1 ] A method for producing a polycarbonate
In this embodiment, the manufacturing method of the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is as follows:
1) preparing short carbon fibers; short cutting the pitch-based carbon fiber to obtain short carbon fiber with the average length of 40 mm;
2) preparing ground carbon fibers; grinding pitch-based carbon fibers to obtain ground carbon fibers having an average length of 100 μm;
3) mixing the chopped carbon fibers and the ground carbon fibers according to the weight ratio of 60: 40 parts by weight, and fully and uniformly mixing by adopting a cyclone separator to obtain mixed carbon fibers;
4) mixing the mixed carbon fiber with organic binder phenolic resin and solvent ethanol according to the ratio of 100: 30: 70 parts by weight of the raw materials are mixed to obtain carbon fiber mixed solution; putting the carbon fiber mixed solution into a mesh bag, primarily filtering the carbon fiber mixed solution by using the mesh bag with the mesh aperture of 30 mu m, and then directly blowing hot air at 50 ℃ into the mesh bag for 30min to completely volatilize the solvent in the carbon fiber mixed solution to obtain the composite carbon fiber with the surface coated with the organic binder;
5) fully mixing the composite carbon fiber coated with the organic binder on the surface with water and methyl cellulose according to the weight ratio of 3: 100: 1 to form uniform carbon fiber mixed slurry;
6) vacuum suction molding is adopted for the carbon fiber mixed slurry; a guide shell forming die 2 for vacuum suction is immersed into a forming pool 1, the forming pool 1 is arranged on a forming trolley 12, and the transportation of materials after the forming is finished is facilitated; the draft tube forming die 2 consists of an inner die 6 and an outer die 8 which are sleeved together, wherein the inner die 6 is made of a sieve plate, a sieve mesh is fixed on the outer surface of the inner die, the aperture of the sieve mesh is 50 micrometers, the outer die 8 is of a grid structure, and the single side or the radial size of each grid hole is 60 mm;
the draft tube forming die 2 is placed in the forming pool 1 in a vertical state with an axis, and a positioning step is arranged at the upper end of the draft tube forming die and is used for positioning when the draft tube forming die is immersed in the forming pool 1.
The inner die 6 and the outer die 8 are both conical cylindrical structures, two ends of the inner die 6 and the outer die 8 are respectively attached together, an annular space formed between the two is a vacuum forming chamber, and the radial single-side section of the vacuum forming chamber is similar to a triangle; the vacuum forming chamber has the shape and the size matched with the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder; the suction pipe 5 is arranged along the longitudinal center of the inner die 6; the suction pipe 5 is densely provided with suction holes, the suction pipe 5 is connected with the vacuum tank 3 through a connecting hose, and the vacuum tank 3 is further connected with the water ring vacuum pump 4 to form a vacuum suction device; after a vacuum suction device is started, under the action of a suction pipe 5, carbon fiber mixed slurry is regularly arranged and formed in a vacuum forming chamber to prepare a composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7;
7) taking the composite carbon fiber guide shell prefabricated product 7 together with the guide shell forming die 2 out of the forming pool 1, and heating the composite carbon fiber guide shell prefabricated product 7 by adopting hot steam or hot air at 150 ℃ for 3 hours to dehydrate the composite carbon fiber guide shell prefabricated product and finish non-melting and non-dissolving treatment;
8) the prefabricated product 7 of the guide shell of the composite carbon fiber after dehydration, infusibility and infusibility treatment is demoulded and then is put into a vacuum furnace or carbonized under inert atmosphere, and the carbonization temperature is 1200 ℃; then carrying out graphitization treatment at the graphitization temperature of 2100 ℃; after carbonization or graphitization treatment, the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 is obtained;
9) the density of the prepared composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 is 0.16g/cm 3 The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.22W/m.K; carbon content 99.6%, ash content 0.01%; (test data of a specimen having a thickness of 45mm at 1500 ℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere).
[ example 2 ] A method for producing a polycarbonate
In order to increase the airflow scouring resistance and oxidation resistance of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9, the service life of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is further prolonged; the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 prepared in example 1 was subjected to surface treatment, which specifically includes the following steps:
1) carrying out surface polishing treatment on the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 through mechanical processing to enable the surface to be flat;
2) respectively brushing 3-6 times of binder on the inner surface and the outer surface of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 after the surface is polished to form a binder layer 10, wherein the binder is a conventionally used binder;
3) putting the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 coated with the adhesive layer 10 into a heating furnace, heating to 240 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h at the temperature, and curing the adhesive layer 10; and then the mixture is placed at 1700 ℃ and carbonized in inert atmosphere to prepare the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder with the coating.
The composite carbon fiber guide cylinder with the coating prepared by the embodiment is used on a monocrystalline silicon stretching furnace for 100 times, the phenomena of coating stripping, cracking, bubbling and the like do not occur, and the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder in the coating does not have corrosion.
[ example 3 ]
In this embodiment, the manufacturing method of the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is as follows:
1) preparing short carbon fibers; chopping the pitch-based carbon fibers to obtain chopped carbon fibers with the average length of 80 mm;
2) preparing ground carbon fibers; grinding pitch-based carbon fibers to obtain ground carbon fibers having an average length of 180 μm;
3) mixing the chopped carbon fibers and the ground carbon fibers according to the weight ratio of 50: 50 parts by weight of the carbon fiber are fully and uniformly mixed by adopting a cyclone separator to obtain mixed carbon fiber;
4) mixing the mixed carbon fiber with organic binder phenolic resin and solvent ethanol according to the ratio of 100: 55: 75 parts by weight of the raw materials are mixed to obtain carbon fiber mixed solution; putting the carbon fiber mixed solution into a mesh bag, primarily filtering the carbon fiber mixed solution by using the mesh bag with the mesh aperture of 30 mu m, and then directly blowing hot air at 60 ℃ into the mesh bag for 30min to completely volatilize a solvent in the carbon fiber mixed solution to obtain composite carbon fiber with the surface coated with an organic binder;
5) fully mixing the composite carbon fiber coated with the organic binder on the surface with water and methylcellulose according to the weight part ratio of 6: 100: 1 to form uniform carbon fiber mixed slurry;
6) vacuum suction molding is adopted for the carbon fiber mixed slurry; immersing a guide shell forming die 2 for vacuum suction into a forming pool 1; the guide cylinder forming die 2 consists of an inner die 6 and an outer die 8 which are sleeved together, wherein the inner die 6 is made of a sieve plate, a sieve mesh is fixed on the outer surface of the inner die, the aperture of the sieve mesh is 70 mu m, the outer die 8 is of a grid structure, and the single side or radial dimension of each grid hole is 100 mm;
under the action of the suction pipe 5, the carbon fiber mixed slurry is arranged and molded in a vacuum molding chamber according to a rule to prepare a composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7;
7) taking the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7 together with the guide cylinder forming die 2 out of the forming pool 1, and heating the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product 7 by adopting hot steam or hot air at 180 ℃ for 2.5 hours to dehydrate the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and finish non-melting and non-dissolving treatment;
8) the prefabricated product 7 of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is subjected to dehydration, infusibility and infusibility, is demoulded, and is then put into a vacuum furnace or carbonized in inert atmosphere, wherein the carbonization temperature is 1500 ℃; then carrying out graphitization treatment at the graphitization temperature of 2000 ℃; after carbonization or graphitization treatment, the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 is obtained;
9) the density of the prepared composite carbon fiber guide shell 9 is 0.19g/cm 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.20W/m.K; carbon content 99.7%, ash content 0.01%; (test data of a specimen having a thickness of 45mm at 1500 ℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere).
In order to increase the airflow scouring resistance and oxidation resistance of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 and further improve the service life of the guide cylinder; the prepared composite carbon fiber guide shell 9 is further subjected to surface treatment, and the specific steps of the surface treatment are as follows:
1) carrying out surface polishing treatment on the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 through mechanical processing to enable the surface to be flat;
2) respectively brushing 3-6 times of binder on the inner surface and the outer surface of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 after the surface is polished to form a binder layer 10, wherein the binder is a conventionally used binder; a protective layer 11 is adhered outside the adhesive layer 10, and the protective layer 11 is flexible graphite paper;
3) putting the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder 9 which is coated with the binder layer 10 and is adhered with the protective layer 11 into a heating furnace, heating to 300 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h at the temperature, and curing the binder layer 10; and then the carbon fiber guide cylinder is placed at 1800 ℃ and carbonized under inert atmosphere to prepare the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder with the protective layer.
The composite carbon fiber guide cylinder with the protective layer prepared in the embodiment is used on a monocrystalline silicon stretching furnace for 100 times, the phenomena of peeling, cracking, bubbling and the like of the protective layer do not occur, and the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder in the protective layer does not have a corrosion phenomenon.
The embodiment proves that the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder with the coating or the protective layer can prevent impurity gas in the furnace from directly contacting the surface of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, prevent the impurity gas from being corroded and resist airflow scouring, so that the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder has excellent oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and the service life of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder can be obviously prolonged.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) preparing short carbon fibers; chopping the carbon fibers to obtain chopped carbon fibers with the average length of 1-80 mm;
2) preparing ground carbon fibers; grinding the carbon fibers to obtain ground carbon fibers with the average length of 100-800 microns;
3) fully and uniformly mixing the chopped carbon fibers and the ground carbon fibers by a cyclone separator according to the weight ratio of 10-90: 90-10 to obtain mixed carbon fibers;
4) mixing the mixed carbon fibers with an organic binder and a solvent according to a weight ratio of 100: 20-230: 3-920 to obtain a carbon fiber mixed solution; putting the carbon fiber mixed solution into a mesh bag, primarily filtering the carbon fiber mixed solution by using the mesh bag with the mesh aperture of 1-50 mu m, and then directly blowing hot air at 50-60 ℃ into the mesh bag for 10-30 min to completely volatilize a solvent in the carbon fiber mixed solution to obtain the composite carbon fiber with the surface coated with the organic binder;
5) fully mixing the composite carbon fiber coated with the organic binder on the surface with water and a dispersing agent according to a weight ratio of 0.3-6: 100: 0.1-2 to form uniform carbon fiber mixed slurry;
6) vacuum suction molding is adopted for the carbon fiber mixed slurry; immersing a guide shell forming die for vacuum suction into a forming pool, wherein the guide shell forming die consists of an inner die and an outer die which are sleeved together, and the inner die and the outer die are in a conical cylindrical structure; wherein the inner mould is made of a sieve plate, a screen is fixed on the outer surface of the inner mould, the aperture of the screen is 30-200 mu m, the outer mould is of a grid structure, and the single side or the radial size of the grid hole is 30-100 mm;
the guide cylinder forming die is placed in the forming pool with the axis in a vertical state, and the upper end of the guide cylinder forming die is provided with a positioning step for playing a positioning role when being immersed in the forming pool;
a vacuum forming chamber is formed between the inner die and the outer die, and the vacuum forming chamber has the shape and the size matched with the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder; the suction pipe is arranged along the longitudinal center of the inner die; under the action of the suction pipe, the carbon fiber mixed slurry is arranged and molded in a vacuum molding chamber according to a rule to prepare a composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product;
7) taking out the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and the guide cylinder forming die from the forming pool, and heating the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and the guide cylinder forming die for 2-5 hours by adopting hot steam or hot air at the temperature of 100-240 ℃ to dehydrate the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product and finish non-melting and non-dissolving treatment;
8) demolding the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product subjected to dehydration, non-melting and non-dissolving treatment, and then putting the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product into a vacuum furnace or carbonizing the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder prefabricated product in an inert atmosphere, wherein the carbonization temperature is 800-1800 ℃; graphitization treatment can be carried out according to the use requirement, and the graphitization temperature is 1800-2500 ℃; after carbonization or graphitization treatment, the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is obtained;
9) the density of the prepared composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is 0.1-0.35 g/cm 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.35W/m.K;
10) optionally carrying out surface treatment on the composite carbon fiber guide shell according to the requirement; so as to increase the airflow scouring resistance and oxidation resistance and prolong the service life of the device; the surface treatment comprises the following specific steps:
a. performing surface polishing on the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder through mechanical processing;
b. coating a binder layer on the inner/outer surface or the inner/outer surface of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder, and further pasting a protective layer outside the binder layer according to needs, wherein the protective layer is flexible graphite paper/carbon fiber cloth, carbon cloth or a graphite sheet or can be not pasted with the protective layer;
c. and c, curing the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder treated in the step b, and then performing carbonization/graphitization treatment to obtain the surface-treated composite carbon fiber guide cylinder.
2. The manufacturing method of the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the density of the composite carbon fiber guide cylinder is precisely adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the organic binder, the chopped carbon fibers and the milled carbon fibers and the vacuum degree during vacuum suction molding so as to meet the use requirements under different conditions.
3. The method for manufacturing the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fibers used for preparing the chopped carbon fibers or the ground carbon fibers are one or more of pitch-based carbon fibers, viscose-based carbon fibers and PAN-based carbon fibers, and the carbon fibers are mixed according to any proportion when more than one carbon fibers are selected.
4. The method for manufacturing the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the mesh bag is made of non-woven fabric, artificial cotton, polypropylene, Teflon or polyester material, and the aperture of the mesh bag is 1-50 μm.
5. The method for manufacturing a high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mesh hole shape of the outer mold is one of a triangle, a circle, a rectangle, a diamond or an irregular polygon.
6. The method for manufacturing a high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the organic binder is one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, furan resin, urea resin, vinyl ester resin, polyamide, acrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polystyrene, monosaccharide, polysaccharide, asphalt and tar.
7. The method for manufacturing the high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, diethyl ether, furfuryl alcohol, furfural, acetone, benzene, toluene, furfuryl alcohol, and furfural.
8. The method for manufacturing a high-performance composite carbon fiber guide cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant is one or more selected from the group consisting of methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose ether, methyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, starch, and modified starch.
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| CN108129159B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-02-07 | 湖南省鑫源新材料股份有限公司 | Carbon fiber heat-insulating cylinder and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116219532B (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-07-21 | 苏州晨晖智能设备有限公司 | Guide cylinder for single crystal furnace, preparation method and single crystal furnace |
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