CN107236874A - The production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar - Google Patents
The production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN107236874A CN107236874A CN201710357619.1A CN201710357619A CN107236874A CN 107236874 A CN107236874 A CN 107236874A CN 201710357619 A CN201710357619 A CN 201710357619A CN 107236874 A CN107236874 A CN 107236874A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, comprises the following steps：Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingots are applied in combination, aluminium melting furnace melting is put into；By aluminium liquid metaideophone after the melting of acquisition to holding furnace, sampling is quickly analyzed with direct-reading spectrometer after stirring, Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V content in detection solution；Aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy are added in aluminium liquid after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid temperature is controlled at 740 ± 10 DEG C, artificial stirring and electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes, obtain Al >=99.82wt% in alloy aluminium liquid, this alloy aluminium liquid, Si≤0.04wt%, 0.08 ~ 0.12wt% of Fe,（Mn+Cr+Ti+V）0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of ＜ 0.01, and make Fe/ Si >=2.0.The present invention reduces needle-like crystalline substance, increases the roughening of globular crystal, effectively control rafifinal arborescent structure, improves the mechanical performance of rafifinal, the tensile strength and elongation of raising aluminium conductor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy rod, more particularly to a kind of producer of high-performance aluminium alloy bar
Method.
Background technology
At present, 5154 alloy silk threads are due to the strong plasticity, electric conductivity, corrosion stability that density is small, intensity is high and good
It is widely used in cable tv coax, communication cable braid shielded with a series of resistance to excellent comprehensive performances such as windability
Netting twine and army's industry and aerospace field.However, state of the art draw casting production 5154 aluminium alloy wires to
Even there is the problems such as alloy filament strength is low, drawing outage is high, pole in terms of superfine direction is developed in below Φ 0.10mm
Greatly aluminium alloy cable enterprise is have impact on to superpower ultra-fine direction to develop.
Overhead power transmission conducting wire is typically made up of conductor material and reinforcement material two parts, at present, domestic-developed it is highly conductive
Rate wire product:Steel reinforced soft aluminum strand, stress transfer type extra-heavy steel reinforced soft aluminum strand, the soft aluminium double capacity conductor of composite core etc., it is main
To use and annealing process treatment method is carried out to the aluminium conductor after wire drawing, replace electrician's duralumin with soft aluminium, conductor conductance can be by
61% IACS brings up to 63% IACS. but by the soft aluminum conductor of annealing, its conductance is improved, but tensile strength
Then be greatly lowered, by original duralumin when 160-200 MPa drop to 60-98 MPa, do not reach GB/T 17048-2009 make somebody a mere figurehead
The index request of wire hard-drawn aluminium wire, because soft aluminum conductor has the low defect of intensity, case hardness, is easily abraded during payingoff construction
Conductive line surfaces, thus it is higher to wire construction and service requirement.Big span, high pressure or UHV transmission work are not suitable for thus
Journey.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, and the overhead power transmission conducting wire that this preparation technology is obtained is used
High conductivity aluminium bar is set about there is provided a kind of existing high conductivity from raw material selection and conductor lines base-aluminium bar production technology, again
It is adapted to the aluminium bar and its hard-drawn aluminium wire of production aerial condutor.The performance indications of wherein aluminum steel depend primarily on the index of aluminium bar, make
With such a high conductivity aluminium bar, conductor routinely drawing process can be produced, and need not move through annealing process processing, it is not required that
Change wire drawing with mold technique with regard to special aluminium bar outside dimension（Such as Φ 12mm, Φ 15mm）, conductor conductance just can reach
62.5-63.0% IACS, tensile strength reaches 160-200MPa, meets the requirement of aerial condutor hard-drawn aluminium wire.Height is simplified to lead
The production process of electric rate wire, reduces the production cost of such wire, drastically increases the production effect of high conductivity conductor
Rate and qualification rate.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1: Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingots are applied in combination, temperature of aluminum liquid in aluminium melting furnace melting, control stove is put into
≤ 760 DEG C, wherein Al99.70 aluminium ingots accounting is that 20 ~ 40%, Al99.85 aluminium ingots accounting is 60 ~ 80%；
Step 2: aluminium liquid metaideophone is to holding furnace after the melting that step one is obtained, sampling is entered with direct-reading spectrometer after stirring
Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V content in the quick analysis of row, detection solution；
Step 3: adding aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy in aluminium liquid after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid temperature is controlled
At 740 ± 10 DEG C, artificial stirring and electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes, obtain Al >=99.82wt% in alloy aluminium liquid, this alloy aluminium liquid,
Si≤0.04wt%、 Fe 0.08~0.12wt%、（Mn+Cr+Ti+V）0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of ＜ 0.01, and make Fe/
Si≥2.0；
Step 4: completing after step 3, carrier is made with 99.996% high pure nitrogen when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 ± 10 DEG C, will
Efficient injection refining agent is passed through in holding furnace to be refined in melt, reaches the purified treatments such as the degasification of alloy aluminium liquid, removal of impurities；
Step 5: after the completion of step 4, aluminium liquid stands 5 ~ 10 minutes, opens holding furnace and skims and skimmed, clears up and float over conjunction
Aluminium slag on golden aluminium liquid surface；
Step 6: alloy aluminium liquid is sampled analysis after step 5 is removed the gred, if each component content deviates setting value,
Further add corresponding component so that Al >=99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%,（Mn+Cr+Ti+
V）0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of ＜ 0.01, and make Fe/ Si >=2.0；
Step 7: after step 6, aluminium liquid stands 30 ~ 40 minutes in holding furnace, when temperature reaches 740 ± 10 DEG C, comes out of the stove, aluminium liquid
Out enter online depassing unit and filter by chute from holding furnace, carry out external refining, degasification again removes the gred；
Step 8: the clean alloy aluminium liquid after being refined again to step 7 carries out direct casting, cast temperature is controlled 690 ~ 700
DEG C, cast using level casting mode, while according to the diameter range for drawing monofilament, controlling speed, the cooling of crystallizing wheel
Water pressure, it is 520 ~ 550 DEG C to make the strand temperature come out to from crystallizing wheel on access bridge；
Step 9: strand made from rapid eight is carried out into alignment, cooling, control the strand temperature into before rolling to be maintained at 470-490 DEG C, roll
Process processed is lubricated and cooled down to roll and aluminium bar using emulsion, adjustment emulsion pressure and flow, height is led aluminium bar whole
Roll temperature≤300 DEG C；
Step 10: the high conductivity aluminium bar come out with water or dilute emulsion to milling train quench-quick cooling treatment, control
Aluminium rod surface temperature≤60 DEG C；
Step 11: natural cooling obtains the high conductivity aluminium bar after aluminium bar cleaning.
Further improved technical scheme is as follows in above-mentioned technical proposal：
1. in such scheme, control refining agent is blown into when being refined in the step 4 speed and the pressure of nitrogen, when making refining
Between control at 15 ~ 20 minutes, nitrogen pressure is controlled in 10 ~ 15KPa.
2. in such scheme, aluminium boron intermediate alloy host element Boron contents are 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the aluminium in the step 3
Cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy host element cerium content is 9 ~ 11 wt%.
3. in such scheme, the step 8 cast temperature control is at 690 ~ 700 DEG C, and crystallization wheel speed is 1.4 ~ 1.8
Rev/min, casting cooling water temperature is 25 ~ 35 DEG C, and the strand temperature on access bridge is 520 ~ 550 DEG C.
4. the temperature for entering before rolling the dilute emulsion for being used for cooling down in such scheme, in the step 9 is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, dilute
Concentration of emulsion used is 2 ~ 3%.
5. in such scheme, concentration of emulsion used is 8 ~ 10% in the operation of rolling in the step 9, and high conductivity aluminium bar is whole
Roll temperature≤300 DEG C.
6. in such scheme, the step 10 quenching uses dilute emulsion, and their temperature is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, and pressure is
0.25~0.35 MPa。
Because above-mentioned technical proposal is used, the present invention has following advantages compared with prior art：
1. the overhead power transmission conducting wire high conductivity aluminium bar that preparation technology of the present invention is obtained, its aluminium cerium mischmetal alloy refinement tissue
Crystal grain and dendrite, change the form of Si, Fe etc. in melt, reduce needle-like crystalline substance, increase globular crystal, effectively control rafifinal dendrite group
The roughening knitted, improves the mechanical performance of rafifinal, improves the tensile strength and elongation of aluminium conductor, height is led aluminium bar this two and refer to
Mark is respectively reached：The MPa of tensile strength 110 ~ 130, elongation >=6.5% meets hard-drawn aluminum wire requirement.High conductivity aluminium is solved to lead
Body low strength, does not reach the problem of aerial condutor is required with duralumin line standard.
2. the overhead power transmission conducting wire high conductivity aluminium bar that preparation technology of the present invention is obtained, using the side of preferred raw material
Method, further improves and Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingots is applied in combination, not only improve and use single high-purity aluminium grain
Thick, processing retrospective is poor, low intensity shortcoming, aluminium conductor is kept horniness aluminum alloy capability；And solve using single commercial-purity aluminium,
Because the purity problem of aluminium causes 20 DEG C of resistivity of aluminium bar to be only capable of in 27.90 ~ 28.01 n Ω .m（Conductance 61.79 ~
61.55）The limitation of scope, improves the purity of aluminium and the electric property of aluminium bar.Height leads aluminium bar（A diameter of 9.5mm）Electrical property
Index can be respectively reached：（1）The n Ω .m of 20 DEG C of resistivity≤27.53（The %IACS of conductance >=62.63）；（2）20 DEG C of resistivity：
≤27.32 nΩ.m（The %IACS of conductance >=63.11）.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described：
Embodiment：A kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingots are applied in combination, temperature of aluminum liquid in aluminium melting furnace melting, control stove is put into
≤ 760 DEG C, wherein Al99.70 aluminium ingots accounting is that 20 ~ 40%, Al99.85 aluminium ingots accounting is 60 ~ 80%；
Step 2: aluminium liquid metaideophone is to holding furnace after the melting that step one is obtained, sampling is entered with direct-reading spectrometer after stirring
Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V content in the quick analysis of row, detection solution；
Step 3: adding aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy in aluminium liquid after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid temperature is controlled
At 740 ± 10 DEG C, artificial stirring and electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes, obtain Al >=99.82wt% in alloy aluminium liquid, this alloy aluminium liquid,
Si≤0.04wt%、 Fe 0.08-0.12wt%、（Mn+Cr+Ti+V）0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of ＜ 0.01, and make Fe/
Si≥2.0；
Step 4: completing after step 3, carrier is made with 99.996% high pure nitrogen when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 ± 10 DEG C, will
Efficient injection refining agent is passed through in holding furnace to be refined in melt, reaches the purified treatments such as the degasification of alloy aluminium liquid, removal of impurities, described
Refining agent consumption is the 0.15% ~ 0.3% of furnace charge total amount, and refining agent, which enters stokehold, need to carry out preheating and drying；
Step 5: after the completion of step 4, aluminium liquid stands 5 ~ 10 minutes, opens holding furnace and skims and skimmed, clears up and float over conjunction
Aluminium slag on golden aluminium liquid surface；
Step 6: alloy aluminium liquid is sampled analysis after step 5 is removed the gred, if each component content deviates setting value,
Further add corresponding component so that Al >=99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%,（Mn+Cr+Ti+
V）0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of ＜ 0.01, and make Fe/ Si >=2.0；Step 7: after step 6, aluminium liquid in holding furnace
30 ~ 40 minutes are stood, when temperature reaches 740 ± 10 DEG C, is come out of the stove, aluminium liquid is out filled from holding furnace by chute into online degasification
Put and filter, carry out external refining, degasification again removes the gred；
Step 8: the clean alloy aluminium liquid after being refined again to step 7 carries out direct casting, cast temperature is controlled 690 ~ 700
DEG C, cast using level casting mode, while according to the diameter range for drawing monofilament, controlling speed, the cooling of crystallizing wheel
Water pressure, it is 520 ~ 550 DEG C to make the strand temperature come out to from crystallizing wheel on access bridge；
Step 9: strand made from rapid eight is carried out into alignment, cooling, control the strand temperature into before rolling to be maintained at 470-490 DEG C, roll
Process processed is lubricated and cooled down to roll and aluminium bar using emulsion；Emulsion pressure and flow are adjusted, height is led aluminium bar whole
Roll temperature≤300 DEG C；
Step 10: the high conductivity aluminium bar come out with water or dilute emulsion to milling train quench-quick cooling treatment, control
Aluminium rod surface temperature≤60 DEG C；
Step 11: natural cooling obtains the high conductivity aluminium bar after aluminium bar cleaning.
Aluminium boron intermediate alloy host element Boron contents are 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy in above-mentioned steps three
Host element cerium content is 9 ~ 11 wt%.
Enter in above-mentioned steps nine roll before be used for cool down dilute emulsion temperature be 20 ~ 40 DEG C, dilute concentration of emulsion used be 2 ~
3%。
Concentration of emulsion used is 8 ~ 10%, high conductivity aluminium bar finishing temperature≤300 DEG C in the operation of rolling in above-mentioned steps nine.
The quenching of above-mentioned steps ten uses dilute emulsion, and their temperature is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, and pressure is 0.25 ~ 0.35 MPa.
During the aluminium alloy rod obtained using above-mentioned manufacturing process, its aluminium cerium mischmetal alloy refinement tissue crystal grain and dendrite change
Si, Fe etc. form in metatect, reduce needle-like crystalline substance, increase the roughening of globular crystal, effectively control rafifinal arborescent structure, improve
The mechanical performance of rafifinal, improves the tensile strength and elongation of aluminium conductor, and this two indexs are respectively reached：Tensile strength 110 ~
130 MPa, elongation >=6.5% meets duralumin bar requirement；Secondly, Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingots are applied in combination,
The purity of aluminium and the electric property of aluminium bar are not only increased, and the performance of aluminium conductor holding duralumin can be made.Height leads aluminium bar（Diameter
For 9.5mm）Electrical performance indexes can respectively reach-（1）The n Ω .m of 20 DEG C of resistivity≤27.53（The % of conductance >=62.63
IACS）；（2）20 DEG C of resistivity：≤27.32 nΩ.m（The %IACS of conductance >=63.11）.
Aluminium bar of the present invention and its aluminum steel index and respective country standard index of correlation contrast table
Table 1
The testing result of Examples 1 and 2 is as shown in table 2：
Table 2
The overhead power transmission conducting wire high conductivity aluminium bar obtained using above-mentioned preparation technology, its aluminium cerium mischmetal alloy refinement tissue is brilliant
Grain and dendrite, change the form of Si, Fe etc. in melt, reduce needle-like crystalline substance, increase globular crystal, effectively control rafifinal arborescent structure
Roughening, improve the mechanical performance of rafifinal, improve the tensile strength and elongation of aluminium conductor, this two indexs respectively reach：
The MPa of tensile strength 110 ~ 130, elongation >=6.5% meets duralumin bar requirement；Secondly, by Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelting aluminium
Ingot is applied in combination, and not only increases the purity of aluminium and the electric property of aluminium bar, and can make the performance of aluminium conductor holding duralumin.It is high
Lead aluminium bar（A diameter of 9.5mm）Electrical performance indexes can respectively reach-（1）The n Ω .m of 20 DEG C of resistivity≤27.53（Conductance
≥62.63 %IACS）；（2）20 DEG C of resistivity：≤27.32 nΩ.m（The %IACS of conductance >=63.11）.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar can understand present disclosure and implement according to this, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
The equivalent change or modification that Spirit Essence is made, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1: Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingots are applied in combination, temperature of aluminum liquid in aluminium melting furnace melting, control stove is put into
≤ 760 DEG C, wherein Al99.70 aluminium ingots accounting is that 20 ~ 40%, Al99.85 aluminium ingots accounting is 60 ~ 80%；
Step 2: aluminium liquid metaideophone is to holding furnace after the melting that step one is obtained, sampling is entered with direct-reading spectrometer after stirring
Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V content in the quick analysis of row, detection solution；
Step 3: adding aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy in aluminium liquid after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid temperature is controlled
At 740 ± 10 DEG C, artificial stirring and electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes, obtain Al >=99.82wt% in alloy aluminium liquid, this alloy aluminium liquid,
Si≤0.04wt%、 Fe 0.08-0.12wt%、（Mn+Cr+Ti+V）0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of ＜ 0.01, and make Fe/
Si≥2.0；
Step 4: completing after step 3, carrier is made with 99.996% high pure nitrogen when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 ± 10 DEG C, will
Efficient injection refining agent is passed through in holding furnace to be refined in melt, reaches the purified treatments such as the degasification of alloy aluminium liquid, removal of impurities, described
Refining agent consumption is the 0.15% ~ 0.3% of furnace charge total amount, and refining agent, which enters stokehold, need to carry out preheating and drying；
Step 5: after the completion of step 4, aluminium liquid stands 5 ~ 10 minutes, opens holding furnace and skims and skimmed, clears up and float over conjunction
Aluminium slag on golden aluminium liquid surface；
Step 6: alloy aluminium liquid is sampled analysis after step 5 is removed the gred, if each component content deviates setting value,
Further add corresponding component so that Al >=99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%,（Mn+Cr+Ti+
V）0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of ＜ 0.01, and make Fe/ Si >=2.0；Step 7: after step 6, aluminium liquid in holding furnace
30 ~ 40 minutes are stood, when temperature reaches 740 ± 10 DEG C, is come out of the stove, aluminium liquid is out filled from holding furnace by chute into online degasification
Put and filter, carry out external refining, degasification again removes the gred；
Step 8: the clean alloy aluminium liquid after being refined again to step 7 carries out direct casting, cast temperature is controlled 690 ~ 700
DEG C, cast using level casting mode, while according to the diameter range for drawing monofilament, controlling speed, the cooling of crystallizing wheel
Water pressure, it is 520 ~ 550 DEG C to make the strand temperature come out to from crystallizing wheel on access bridge；
Step 9: strand made from rapid eight is carried out into alignment, cooling, control the strand temperature into before rolling to be maintained at 470-490 DEG C, roll
Process processed is lubricated and cooled down to roll and aluminium bar using emulsion；Emulsion pressure and flow are adjusted, height is led aluminium bar whole
Roll temperature≤300 DEG C；
Step 10: the high conductivity aluminium bar come out with water or dilute emulsion to milling train quench-quick cooling treatment, control
Aluminium rod surface temperature≤60 DEG C；
Step 11: natural cooling obtains the high conductivity aluminium bar after aluminium bar cleaning；
Aluminium boron intermediate alloy host element Boron contents are 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy pivot in the step 3
Plain cerium content is 9 ~ 11 wt%；
It is 25 ~ 35 DEG C that cooling water temperature is cast in the step 8, and the strand temperature on access bridge is 520 ~ 550 DEG C.
2. the production method of the high-performance aluminium alloy bar according to right 1, it is characterised in that：The operation of rolling in the step 9
Middle concentration of emulsion used is 8 ~ 10%.
3. the production method of the high-performance aluminium alloy bar according to right 1, it is characterised in that：High conductivity in the step 9
Aluminium bar finishing temperature≤300 DEG C.
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104862509A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN107236874B (en) | 2019-03-12 |
| CN107254608A (en) | 2017-10-17 |
| CN104862509B (en) | 2018-02-06 |
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