CN107231131B - Doherty power amplifier capable of enlarging power back-off range - Google Patents
Doherty power amplifier capable of enlarging power back-off range Download PDFInfo
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- CN107231131B CN107231131B CN201710416853.7A CN201710416853A CN107231131B CN 107231131 B CN107231131 B CN 107231131B CN 201710416853 A CN201710416853 A CN 201710416853A CN 107231131 B CN107231131 B CN 107231131B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0288—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers using a main and one or several auxiliary peaking amplifiers whereby the load is connected to the main amplifier using an impedance inverter, e.g. Doherty amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Doherty power amplifier capable of enlarging a power back-off range, which comprises a power divider, a carrier amplifying circuit, a peak value amplifying circuit, a carrier lambda/4 impedance transformation line and a combination lambda/4 impedance transformation line. The upper path signal output end of the power divider is sequentially connected with a carrier phase compensation line, a carrier input matching network, a carrier power amplifier tube and a carrier output matching network in a carrier amplifying circuit; the lower signal output end of the power divider is sequentially connected with a peak phase compensation line, a peak input matching network, a peak power amplifier tube, a peak output matching network and a phase compensation network in the peak amplification circuit. The carrier amplifying circuit is connected with the peak amplifying circuit at the point A through a carrier lambda/4 impedance transformation line, and then is connected with a load through a combined lambda/4 impedance transformation line. The invention realizes the complex output impedance of the peak value amplifying circuit by adjusting the phase compensation network, so that the power back-off range exceeds 6dB, and the invention can be applied to the occasions of modulating signals with high peak-to-average ratio in the future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a Doherty power amplifier capable of enlarging a power back-off range.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication, the amount of information transmitted by mobile communication is increasing, the data rate is gradually increased, and the performance requirement on the power amplifier is also increased. In order to achieve higher data transmission rate and spectrum utilization, the modulated signal in modern communication systems has higher peak-to-average ratio, so that the power amplifier is required to operate at a higher power back-off point, but the efficiency of the power amplifier is significantly reduced.
In order to adapt to a modulation signal with a high peak-to-average ratio, a power amplifier is required to maintain a relatively high efficiency in power back-off, and a doherty power amplifier is widely used because it can realize a high efficiency in power back-off and has a simple structure. The conventional balanced doherty power amplifier is shown in fig. 1, and its basic operation principle is: when the input signal is small, the carrier amplifier is conducted before the peak amplifier, and the carrier amplifier is saturated in advance and achieves high efficiency under the action of a 50 ohm lambda/4 impedance transformation line and a 35 ohm lambda/4 impedance transformation line; as the input signal further increases, the peak amplifier starts to conduct, and both the carrier and the peak amplifier operate in the saturation region through the active load modulation, so that the overall doherty power amplifier maintains high efficiency in the power back-off range.
Research shows that the traditional balanced doherty power amplifier is designed by adopting the same power amplifier tube, the output impedance of the peak amplifier is infinite at low power, theoretically, only a power back-off range of 6dB can be realized, and the application of the traditional balanced doherty power amplifier to signals with higher peak-to-average power ratio is limited. The conventional doherty power amplifier with a high back-off range mainly includes an asymmetric doherty power amplifier, a multi-path doherty power amplifier, and the like, but they cause problems of increased design cost, increased design complexity, and the like. Therefore, it is very important how to design a doherty power amplifier having a simple structure and a high back-off range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Doherty power amplifier capable of increasing the power back-off range, which can increase the power back-off range of the Doherty amplifier under the condition of simple structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention makes the output impedance of the peak amplifying circuit present complex impedance at low power by adjusting the phase compensation network, thereby generating compensation action on the carrier amplifying circuit, and the adopted specific technical scheme is as follows:
a Doherty power amplifier capable of increasing the power back-off range comprises a power divider (10), a carrier amplifying circuit (20), a carrier lambda/4 impedance transformation line (30), a peak amplifying circuit (40) and a combined lambda/4 impedance transformation line (50); the method is characterized in that: transfusion systemThe input signal is connected with the input end of the power divider (10), the upper output end of the power divider (10) is connected with the input end of the carrier amplification circuit (20), and the lower output end is connected with the input end of the peak amplification circuit (40); the carrier amplification circuit (20) is formed by connecting a carrier phase compensation line (201), a carrier input matching network (202), a carrier power amplification tube (203) and a carrier output matching network (204) in series; the peak value amplifying circuit (40) is formed by connecting a peak value phase compensation line (401), a peak value input matching network (402), a peak value power amplifier tube (403), a peak value output matching network (404) and a phase compensation network (405) in series; the phase compensation network (405) comprises a first parallel microstrip line (4051), a second parallel microstrip line (4052) and a 50 ohm series microstrip line (4053); the carrier amplification circuit (20) is connected with the peak amplification circuit (40) at a point A through a carrier lambda/4 impedance transformation line (30), and then is connected with a load through a combined lambda/4 impedance transformation line (50); λ is a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the Doherty power amplifier, and characteristic impedances of the carrier λ/4 impedance transformation line (30) and the combined λ/4 impedance transformation line (50) are Z0And
ohm, Z0Is a specific constant.
The power divider (10) equally divides an input signal into an upper path signal and a lower path signal, the upper path signal is output to the carrier amplification circuit (20), and the lower path signal is output to the peak amplification circuit (40).
The carrier phase compensation line (201) and the peak phase compensation line (401) are respectively used for adjusting the phase difference of output signals of the carrier amplification circuit (20) and the peak amplification circuit (40) so that the phases of the two output signals at the position A are the same.
The carrier power amplifier tube (203) and the peak power amplifier tube (403) are respectively an AB type power amplifier and a C type power amplifier, and both have the same saturated output power.
The phase compensation network (405) comprises a first parallel microstrip line (4051), a second parallel microstrip line (4052) and a 50 ohm series microstrip line (4053); the input ends of the first parallel microstrip line (4051) and the 50 ohm serial microstrip line (4053) are connected in parallel, and the output ends of the second parallel microstrip line (4052) and the 50 ohm serial microstrip line (4053) are connected in parallel; the electrical lengths of the first parallel microstrip line (4051), the second parallel microstrip line (4052) and the 50 ohm serial microstrip line (4053) are all designed according to the complex output impedance required by the peak amplification circuit, so that the phase compensation network (405) can achieve the required phase.
The phase compensation network (405) is used for enabling the output impedance of the peak value amplifying circuit (40) to be complex impedance at low power, increasing the reflection coefficient and generating compensation action on the carrier amplifying circuit (20), thereby improving the effective load impedance of the carrier amplifying circuit (20) and increasing the back-off range of the Doherty power amplifier.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention can enlarge the power back-off range. In the conventional balanced doherty power amplifier, the peak output matching network has infinite output impedance of the peak amplifying circuit at low power, and the power back-off range is 6 dB. The invention adds a phase compensation network behind a peak output matching network, and enables the output impedance of a peak amplifying circuit to be complex impedance when the power is low by adjusting the phase compensation network, thereby generating compensation action on a carrier amplifying circuit to enlarge the power back-off range of an amplifier;
(2) the invention has simple realization and low cost. Compared with the traditional methods for improving the power back-off range of an asymmetric Doherty power amplifier, a multi-path Doherty power amplifier and the like, the method does not need to provide more power for a peak value amplifying circuit or use an additional amplifier, only needs one phase compensation network to improve the power back-off range, is simple in design and reduces the design cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional balanced doherty power amplifier.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a doherty power amplifier capable of increasing a power back-off range according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph comparing the output impedance of an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional balanced doherty pa peaking amplifier circuit.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a phase compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of output power versus efficiency for an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional balanced doherty power amplifier.
In the figure: the power divider 10, the carrier amplifying circuit 20, the carrier phase compensation line 201, the carrier input matching network 202, the carrier power amplifier tube 203, the carrier output matching network 204, the carrier lambda/4 impedance transformation line 30, the peak amplifying circuit 40, the peak phase compensation line 401, the peak input matching network 402, the peak power amplifier tube 403, the peak output matching network 404, the phase compensation network 405, the first parallel microstrip line 4051, the second parallel microstrip line 4052, the 50 ohm serial microstrip line 4053 and the combined lambda/4 impedance transformation line 50.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional balanced doherty power amplifier. The input signal of the power divider is equally divided into an upper path signal and a lower path signal. When the input signal is small, the carrier amplifier works, and the peak amplifier does not work; under the action of a 50 ohm lambda/4 impedance transformation line and a 35 ohm lambda/4 impedance transformation line, the carrier amplifier is saturated in advance and high efficiency is realized; when the input signal increases, the peak amplifier starts to work, and both the carrier and the peak amplifier will eventually reach saturation under the action of active load modulation, so that the whole doherty power amplifier keeps high efficiency in the power back-off range. However, the conventional balanced doherty power amplifier is designed by using the same power amplifier tube, the output impedance of the peak amplifier is infinite at low power, theoretically, only a power back-off range of 6dB can be realized, and the balanced doherty power amplifier cannot be applied to the occasions of high peak-to-average ratio modulation signals.
Fig. 2 shows a doherty power amplifier capable of increasing a power back-off range according to the present invention, which includes a power divider 10, a carrier amplifier circuit 20, a carrier λ/4 impedance transformation line 30, a peak amplifier circuit 40, and a combined λ/4 impedance transformation line 50. Characterised by the input signalThe input end of the power divider 10 is connected, the input end of the carrier amplification circuit 20 is connected to the input end of the power divider 10, and the output end of the lower path is connected to the input end of the peak amplification circuit 40; the carrier amplifying circuit 20 is formed by connecting a carrier phase compensation line 201, a carrier input matching network 202, a carrier power amplifier tube 203 and a carrier output matching network 204 in series; the peak amplification circuit 40 is formed by connecting a peak phase compensation line 401, a peak input matching network 402, a peak power amplifier tube 403, a peak output matching network 404 and a phase compensation network 405 in series; the phase compensation network 405 includes a first parallel microstrip line 4051, a second parallel microstrip line 4052, and a 50 ohm serial microstrip line 4053; the carrier amplifier circuit 20 is connected to the peak amplifier circuit 40 at a point a via a carrier λ/4 impedance transformation line 30, and then connected to a load via a combined λ/4 impedance transformation line 50. Wherein λ is a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the Doherty power amplifier, and characteristic impedances of the carrier λ/4 impedance transforming line 30 and the combined λ/4 impedance transforming line 50 are Z0And
ohm, Z0Is 50 ohms.
In the above-described doherty power amplifier, the power divider 10 equally divides an input signal into an up signal and a down signal. The up signal is output to the carrier amplifier circuit 20, and the down signal is output to the peak amplifier circuit 40.
In the doherty power amplifier, the phases of the up signal and the down signal are adjusted by the carrier phase compensation line 201 and the peak phase compensation line 401, so that the two signals have the same phase at a.
In the above-described doherty power amplifier, the carrier amplifier tube 203 is biased in class AB and the peak amplifier tube 403 is biased in class C, and both amplifier tubes have the same saturated output power.
In the above-described doherty power amplifier, the phase compensation network 405 achieves a desired phase by adjusting the electrical lengths of the first parallel microstrip line 4051, the second parallel microstrip line 4052, and the 50 ohm serial microstrip line 4053.
In the doherty power amplifier, the phase compensation network 405 makes the output impedance of the peak amplifier circuit 40 a complex impedance at low power, increases the reflection coefficient, and generates a compensation effect on the carrier amplifier circuit (20), thereby increasing the effective load impedance of the carrier amplifier circuit (20) and increasing the back-off range of the doherty power amplifier.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the input signal is equally divided by the power divider 10 and output to the carrier amplifier circuit 20 and the peak amplifier circuit 40. When the input signal is small, the carrier amplifier circuit 20 starts to operate, the peak amplifier circuit 40 is in an off state, and the output impedance of the peak amplifier circuit 40 is made to be a complex impedance at low power by adjusting the phase compensation network 405. The complex impedance can increase the reflection coefficient of the reference plane at a, and has a compensation effect on the carrier amplifying circuit 20. Compared with the traditional balanced type Doherty power amplifier, the effective load impedance of the carrier amplifying circuit 20 can be further increased, so that the carrier amplifying circuit 20 is further saturated in advance, and the power back-off range of the Doherty amplifier is increased. When the input signal reaches the maximum value, the carrier amplifying circuit 20 and the peak amplifying circuit 40 reach saturation under the active load modulation effect, and the maximum output power and efficiency are realized.
One example is illustrated below.
In this embodiment, the operating frequency of the doherty power amplifier is 2.5GHz, and the carrier power amplifier tube 203 and the peak power amplifier tube 403 both use a CREE GaN HEMT power amplifier tube CGH 40010F. The carrier amplifier tube 203 is biased in class AB and the peak amplifier tube 403 is biased in class C. The power ratio of the two signals output by the power divider 10 is 1: 1.
Fig. 3 is a graph comparing the output impedance of the peaking amplifier circuit at low power for an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional balanced doherty power amplifier. It can be seen from the figure that the output impedance of the peak amplifier of the conventional balanced doherty power amplifier is infinite at low power, and the output impedance of the peak amplifier circuit of the invention is complex impedance, so that the reflection coefficient is increased, the effective load impedance of the carrier amplifier circuit is increased, the compensation effect is generated on the carrier amplifier circuit, and the power back-off range of the doherty amplifier is increased.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a phase compensation network 405 according to an embodiment of the invention. By adjusting the electrical lengths of the first parallel microstrip line 4051, the second parallel microstrip line 4052 and the 50 ohm serial microstrip line 4053, the phase compensation network achieves the required phase.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the output power and efficiency of an embodiment of the present invention compared with a conventional balanced doherty power amplifier. In the above description, the line with an open square represents the output power and efficiency relationship line of the doherty power amplifier with the increased power back-off range according to the present embodiment, and the line with a solid square represents the output power and efficiency relationship line of the conventional balanced doherty power amplifier. It can be seen from the figure that the power back-off range of the conventional balanced doherty power amplifier is 6dB, the 9dB power back-off efficiency of the doherty amplifier of the embodiment of the invention is 61%, the power back-off range can reach 9dB, and the power back-off range of the doherty power amplifier is effectively increased.
Claims (2)
1. A Doherty power amplifier capable of increasing the power back-off range comprises a power divider (10), a carrier amplifying circuit (20), a carrier lambda/4 impedance transformation line (30), a peak amplifying circuit (40) and a combined lambda/4 impedance transformation line (50); the method is characterized in that: the input signal is connected with the input end of the power divider (10), the upper output end of the power divider (10) is connected with the input end of the carrier amplification circuit (20), and the lower output end is connected with the input end of the peak amplification circuit (40); the carrier amplification circuit (20) is formed by connecting a carrier phase compensation line (201), a carrier input matching network (202), a carrier power amplification tube (203) and a carrier output matching network (204) in series; the peak value amplifying circuit (40) is formed by connecting a peak value phase compensation line (401), a peak value input matching network (402), a peak value power amplifier tube (403), a peak value output matching network (404) and a phase compensation network (405) in series; the phase compensation network (405) comprises a first parallel microstrip line (4051), a second parallel microstrip line (4052) and a 50 ohm series microstrip line (4053);the carrier amplification circuit (20) is connected with the peak amplification circuit (40) at a point A through a carrier lambda/4 impedance transformation line (30), and then is connected with a load through a combined lambda/4 impedance transformation line (50); λ is a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the Doherty power amplifier, and characteristic impedances of the carrier λ/4 impedance transformation line (30) and the combined λ/4 impedance transformation line (50) are Z0And
ohm, Z0Is a specific constant;
the phase compensation network (405) is used for enabling the output impedance of the peak value amplification circuit (40) to be complex impedance at low power, increasing the reflection coefficient and generating compensation action on the carrier amplification circuit (20), so that the effective load impedance of the carrier amplification circuit (20) is improved, and the back-off range of the Doherty power amplifier is enlarged;
the electrical lengths of the first parallel microstrip line (4051), the second parallel microstrip line (4052) and the 50 ohm serial microstrip line (4053) are all designed according to the complex output impedance required by the peak amplification circuit, so that the phase compensation network (405) can achieve the required phase.
2. A doherty power amplifier capable of increasing power back-off range according to claim 1, wherein: the carrier phase compensation line (201) and the peak phase compensation line (401) are respectively used for adjusting the phase difference of output signals of the carrier amplification circuit (20) and the peak amplification circuit (40) so that the phases of the two output signals at the position A are the same.
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| CN107231131B true CN107231131B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108011592A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of 3 tunnel Doherty power amplifiers that bandwidth is expanded using frequency characteristic compensation |
| CN108111134A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | Power amplifier device and microwave circuit |
| CN109660212B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2023-07-18 | 江苏大学 | 3-path Doherty power amplifier adopting reactance compensation to expand bandwidth |
| CN110266275B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2024-05-14 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Broadband Doherty power amplifier with continuous inverse F-class and J-class mixing |
| CN115549595A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-12-30 | 锐石创芯(深圳)科技股份有限公司 | Doherty power amplifier |
| CN117546412A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-02-09 | 苏州华太电子技术股份有限公司 | Doherty amplifier, output network thereof, and design method of doherty amplifier |
| CN117176095A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-12-05 | 芯百特微电子(无锡)有限公司 | Input power self-adaptive distribution Doherty power amplifier |
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