CN107227959B - A kind of in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture - Google Patents
A kind of in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN107227959B CN107227959B CN201710479400.9A CN201710479400A CN107227959B CN 107227959 B CN107227959 B CN 107227959B CN 201710479400 A CN201710479400 A CN 201710479400A CN 107227959 B CN107227959 B CN 107227959B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000169624 Casearia sylvestris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the water damage control methods that a kind of in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes closing of fracture, according to the development characteristics of mining overburden height of water flowing fractured zone under specific mining conditions, by the surface drilling column data for collecting each coal mining region, each crucial position layer by layer in overlying strata is determined using position of key stratum method of discrimination, the method for predicting of overlying strata height of water flowing fractured zone is combined later, it determines each region water flowing fractured zone development height and its links up the distributed areas in stratum water-bearing layer, finally, to goaf direction to boundary coal column/body construction blasting boreholes in the tunnel that water flowing fractured zone links up the areas adjacent in water-bearing layer, and implement in-place blasting out, to promote overlying rock that advanced fracture occurs, so that original boundary crack open is gradually closed, reduce fracture opening, reduce its water transmitting ability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of top plate water damage control methods, especially a kind of to be suitable for coal mining fwaater resources protection and mine
In-place blasting out boundary coal column/body in well water evil Prevention Technique field promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture,
Background technique
Coal underground mining will cause the movement and destruction of overlying rock, to form mining induced fissure in overlying strata；Overlying strata
Mining induced fissure, which generates, both provided channel for regional water resources loss, while also becoming the geology root that underground flood damage occurs.When
It, will be along leading by the water-bearing layer water body of Mining failure when preservation has one or more layers watery stronger water-bearing layer in coal measure strata
Water crack passage influxs underground goaf, and the crack passage in conducting stratum water-bearing layer is more, aquifer water well is stronger, then underground
Water yield is bigger, will cause top plate water damage problem when serious, and jeopardize mine safety and efficiently produce.From mining overburden water flowing fractured zone
The general features of distribution sees that water flowing fractured zone " shape of a saddle " elevated regions (see attached drawing 2) are in the crack open area of productive limit,
Cranny development aperture is big, channel conveyance capacity is strong；If the distribution in the region can be accurately identified, and reduction of taking measures on customs clearance
The conveyance capacity in crack, this undoubtedly will be greatly reduced the water leakage degree in water-bearing layer, mitigates underground flood damage threat.
Currently, related top plate water damage prevention and treatment there are two main classes countermeasure.One kind is to pass through construction drill extremely before seam mining
Stratum water-bearing layer position carries out water-bearing layer water body into preceding unrestrained, drainage or reduction aquifer water well, reduction underground gushing water
Amount.Another kind of is that the angle developed from control water flowing fractured zone carries out, i.e., by controlling mining height or improving coal winning technology and method,
Water flowing fractured zone development height is reduced, so that it is not linked up stratum water-bearing layer, to achieve the purpose that prevent water damage.However,
The above method all has some limitations, and first kind method is stratum water-bearing layer is more, watery is big, aquifer water supply capacity
It will be no longer applicable under strong mining conditions, it is simple by the unrestrained purpose for being unable to reach reduction water-bearing layer rich water amount that drills；And the
Two class methods are also difficult to be applicable under conditions of coal seam thickness is big, water-bearing layer is close apart from coal seam, even if in the lesser situation of mining height
Lower water flowing fractured zone can still link up water-bearing layer.Therefore, it is necessary to be based on mining overburden water flowing fractured zone development characteristics, carry out people
Work promotes the special design of the water damage control method of closing of fracture.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provide a kind of in-place blasting out boundary coal column/
Body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture, in conjunction with seam mining parameter and hydrogeologic condition, by differentiating mining overburden
Water flowing fractured zone link up stratum water-bearing layer distributed areas, establish in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body with promote water producing fractures closure,
Reduce the top plate water damage method of fracture opening, to reduce aquifer water resource leak degree, mitigate underground flood damage threat, realizes
The safe and efficient production of mine.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture, according under specific mining conditions
The development characteristics of mining overburden height of water flowing fractured zone, by collecting the surface drilling column data in each coal mining region, using pass
Key layer position method of discrimination determines each crucial position layer by layer in overlying strata, combines the method for predicting of overlying strata height of water flowing fractured zone later,
It determines each region water flowing fractured zone development height and its links up the distributed areas in stratum water-bearing layer, finally, in water flowing fractured zone ditch
To goaf direction to boundary coal column/body construction blasting boreholes in the tunnel of the areas adjacent in logical water-bearing layer, and implement explosion pine
It is dynamic, to promote overlying rock that advanced fracture occurs, so that original boundary crack open is gradually closed, reduce crack
Aperture reduces its water transmitting ability.
Specifically includes the following steps:
A. the geological survey drilling column that mine was once constructed in coal mining region is collected, different production zone roof stratas are obtained
Preservation, the physico mechanical characteristic parameter of each rock stratum.Each drill hole key strata of covering rock position is differentiated, so that it is determined that each region
Key strata of covering rock position.
B. use " method for predicting of the height of water flowing fractured zone based on position of key stratum ", by key strata of covering rock position with
The relationship of mining thickness judges mining overburden height of water flowing fractured zone, so that it is high to obtain each region overlying strata water flowing fractured zone
The relativeness of degree and stratum water-bearing layer present position.When there are when water-bearing layer, then correspondence is bored within the scope of height of water flowing fractured zone
Bore region water flowing fractured zone has linked up water-bearing layer, needs to take in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body to promote water producing fractures to be closed.When
When water-bearing layer being not present within the scope of height of water flowing fractured zone, then without taking in-place blasting out measure.
C. in the production zone that water flowing fractured zone links up stratum water-bearing layer, to boundary coal column/body construction blasting boreholes, and
Implement in-place blasting out, to promote overlying rock that advanced fracture revolution occurs, so that original boundary crack open is gradually sent out
Raw closure, reduces fracture opening, reduces its water transmitting ability.
It is preferred: each drill hole key strata of covering rock position being carried out using Judging key stratum software KSPB in the step a
Differentiate.
Preferred: the blasting boreholes are constructed in the tunnel near the production zone to goaf direction, between average
A drill site is set respectively every 25-35m, and each drill site arranges 2-4 drilling, and the whole hole that drills is apart from gob edge 4.5-5.5m.
Preferred: the horizontal space in each drill site 2-4 whole hole that drills is 8-11m, the perpendicular layers in each whole hole that drills
Position can be evenly arranged according to coal seam thickness.
It is preferred: after the drilling construction, charge explosion can be carried out, the range of in-place blasting out should reach 30-40m
It is wide.
Preferred: the interval 30m between drill site, each drill site arrange 3 drillings, and the whole hole that drills is apart from gob edge
5m。
Preferred: the horizontal space in each drill site 3 whole holes that drill is 10m.
The present invention is based on the influences that coal geology occurrence condition and operational parameter develop overlying strata water flowing fractured zone, it is contemplated that
Overlying strata water flowing fractured zone links up the regional scope in stratum water-bearing layer, targetedly implements in-place blasting out boundary coal to these regions
Column/body, so that crack is gradually closed, reduces fracture opening, finally reaches to promote overlying rock that fracture revolution occurs in advance
To the purpose for reducing crack passage water transmitting ability, preventing top plate water damage from occurring.The present invention will adapt under different exploitation condition
In-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the determination of the water damage control method of closing of fracture, can protect for mining area coal mining water resource
Shield and water damage prevention and treatment etc. provide safeguard, and application method is reliable, practical.Compared with prior art in, the present invention have with
Lower advantage:
(1) mode that the overlying strata water producing fractures for linking up stratum water-bearing layer are taken with " grabbing principal contradiction ", covers productive limit
Aperture is larger in rock, the stronger crack implementation of conveyance capacity is artificial promotes closure measures, and not only science is reliable, project amount is low, and
And the generation interference that will not also normally mine to working face.
(2) it can adapt to the water damage prevention and treatment side that in-place blasting out boundary coal column under different exploitation condition/body promotes closing of fracture
The determination of method can be China stratum watery is strong, top plate water damage threatens big mining area coal mining fwaater resources protection and water damage
Prevention and treatment provides safeguard, and implementation method is simple, practical.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the explosion brill that drillhole blasting of the present invention loosens that boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture
Hole plane of arrangement figure；
Fig. 2 is that productive limit corresponds to overlying strata water producing fractures crack open distributed areas schematic diagram before the present invention is implemented；
Fig. 3 is that productive limit corresponds to the schematic diagram that closure or aperture reduction occur for overlying strata water producing fractures after the present invention is implemented；
Fig. 4 is that 21401 working face T1 of certain coal mine drilling column and position of key stratum differentiate in actual application of the present invention
Result schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that 21401 working face T2 of certain coal mine drilling column and position of key stratum differentiate in actual application of the present invention
Result schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is certain 21401 working face boundary pillar blast firing pattern of coal mine in actual application of the present invention；
Wherein, 1 is boundary coal column/body, and 2 be tunnel, and 3 be blasting boreholes, and L1 is in-place blasting out range, and L2 is the whole hole that drills
Horizontal space, L3 be drill site interval.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these examples are merely to illustrate this
It invents rather than limits the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to of the invention various
The modification of equivalent form falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, a kind of in-place blasting out boundary coal column of the invention/body promotes the water damage prevention and treatment of closing of fracture
Method, according to the development characteristics of mining overburden height of water flowing fractured zone under specific mining conditions, by collecting each coal mining region
Surface drilling column data determines each crucial position layer by layer in overlying strata using position of key stratum method of discrimination, leads later in conjunction with overlying strata
The method for predicting of water fissure zone height determines each region water flowing fractured zone development height and its links up the distributed area in stratum water-bearing layer
Domain, finally, to goaf direction to boundary coal column/body construction in the tunnel that water flowing fractured zone links up the areas adjacent in water-bearing layer
Blasting boreholes 3, and implement in-place blasting out, to promote overlying rock that advanced fracture occurs, split so that original boundary is opened
Gap is gradually closed, and is reduced fracture opening, is reduced its water transmitting ability.Specifically includes the following steps:
A. the geological survey drilling column that mine was once constructed in coal mining region is collected, different production zone roof stratas are obtained
Preservation, the physico mechanical characteristic parameter of each rock stratum.Using Judging key stratum software KSPB to each drill hole key strata of covering rock position
Differentiated, so that it is determined that each region key strata of covering rock position.
B. use " method for predicting of the height of water flowing fractured zone based on position of key stratum ", by key strata of covering rock position with
The relationship of mining thickness judges mining overburden height of water flowing fractured zone, so that it is high to obtain each region overlying strata water flowing fractured zone
The relativeness of degree and stratum water-bearing layer present position.When there are when water-bearing layer, then correspondence is bored within the scope of height of water flowing fractured zone
Bore region water flowing fractured zone has linked up water-bearing layer, needs to take in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body to promote water producing fractures to be closed.When
When water-bearing layer being not present within the scope of height of water flowing fractured zone, then without taking in-place blasting out measure.
C. water flowing fractured zone link up stratum water-bearing layer production zone in, to boundary coal column (body) construction blasting drilling 3,
The blasting boreholes 3 are constructed in the tunnel near the production zone to goaf direction, and average drill site interval L3 is 30m points
A drill site is not set, and each drill site arranges 3 drillings, and the whole hole that drills is apart from gob edge 5m.Each drill site 3 drillings
The horizontal space L2 in whole hole is 10m, and each perpendicular layers position for drilling whole hole can be evenly arranged according to coal seam thickness.The drilling construction
After, charge explosion can be carried out, in-place blasting out range L 1 should reach 30-40m wide, advanced disconnected to promote overlying rock to occur
Revolution is split, so that original boundary crack open is gradually closed, reduces fracture opening, reduces its water transmitting ability.
It as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, is production zones drilling columns different in certain 21401 working face actual application of coal mine in figure
The position of key stratum of shape differentiates as a result, differentiating that result can be seen that 21401 working faces at the two from columnar position of key stratum
There are visibly different features for the rock stratum preservation in drilling region.The overlying strata water flowing fractured zone in two drilling regions can be developed as a result,
Judge highly and its to whether stratum water-bearing layer is linked up.According to the mining height of working face 6.0m it is found that for T1 drilling region,
Overlying strata main key stratum is located at except 7~10 times of mining heights, therefore water flowing fractured zone is developed to main key stratum bottom interface position, and overlying strata are led
Water fissure zone does not link up stratum water-bearing layer；For T1 drilling region, after the same method, key strata of covering rock is respectively positioned on 7~10
Within mining height, overlying strata water producing fractures are developed to tectonic basement, and water flowing fractured zone has linked up stratum water-bearing layer.It is therefore desirable to right
T2 drilling region corresponding sides circle coal column implements in-place blasting out, to cover crack open closure in boundary in promotion, reduces crack overcurrent energy
Power.
It drills as shown in fig. 6, corresponding to construction blasting in the tunnel near productive limit in T2 drilling region, between average drill site
A drill site is set respectively every 30m, and each drill site arranges 3 drillings, and the whole hole that drills is apart from gob edge 5m；Each drill site 3
The horizontal space in the whole hole of drilling is 10m, and each perpendicular layers position for drilling end hole can be according to the thickness of coal seam 6.0m according to the vertical of 2m
Spacing is evenly arranged；After drilling construction, charge explosion is carried out, powder charge range is drilling borehole bottom location to aperture direction 25m
Section guarantees that in-place blasting out range reaches 30-40m wide.
The present invention is based on the influences that coal geology occurrence condition and operational parameter develop overlying strata water flowing fractured zone, it is contemplated that
Overlying strata water flowing fractured zone links up the regional scope in stratum water-bearing layer, targetedly implements in-place blasting out boundary coal to these regions
Column/body, so that crack is gradually closed, reduces fracture opening, finally reaches to promote overlying rock that fracture revolution occurs in advance
To the purpose for reducing crack passage water transmitting ability, preventing top plate water damage from occurring.The present invention will adapt under different exploitation condition
In-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the determination of the water damage control method of closing of fracture, can protect for mining area coal mining water resource
Shield and water damage prevention and treatment etc. provide safeguard, and application method is simple and reliable, practical.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture, which is characterized in that according to specifically opening
The development characteristics of mining overburden height of water flowing fractured zone under the conditions of adopting, the surface drilling column by collecting each coal mining region provide
Material determines each crucial position layer by layer in overlying strata using position of key stratum method of discrimination, later in conjunction with overlying strata height of water flowing fractured zone
Method for predicting determines each region water flowing fractured zone development height and its links up the distributed areas in stratum water-bearing layer, finally, in water guide
Fissure zone is linked up in the tunnel of the areas adjacent in water-bearing layer to goaf direction to boundary coal column/body construction blasting boreholes, and real
In-place blasting out is applied, to promote overlying rock that advanced fracture occurs, so that original boundary crack open is gradually closed,
Reduce fracture opening, reduces its water transmitting ability.
2. in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture according to claim 1, feature exists
In, comprising the following steps:
A. the geological survey drilling column that mine was once constructed in coal mining region is collected, different production zone roof stratas is obtained and assigns
It deposits, the physico mechanical characteristic parameter of each rock stratum；Each drill hole key strata of covering rock position is differentiated, so that it is determined that each region is covered
Rock position of key stratum；
B. " method for predicting of the height of water flowing fractured zone based on position of key stratum " is used, passes through key strata of covering rock position and coal seam
The relationship of mining height judges mining overburden height of water flowing fractured zone, thus obtain each region overlying strata height of water flowing fractured zone with
The relativeness of stratum water-bearing layer present position；When there are when water-bearing layer, then corresponding to bore area within the scope of height of water flowing fractured zone
Domain water flowing fractured zone has linked up water-bearing layer, needs to take in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body to promote water producing fractures to be closed；Work as water guide
When water-bearing layer being not present in fissure zone altitude range, then without taking in-place blasting out measure；
C. in the production zone that water flowing fractured zone links up stratum water-bearing layer, to boundary coal column/body construction blasting boreholes, and implement
In-place blasting out, to promote overlying rock that advanced fracture revolution occurs, so that original boundary crack open is gradually closed
It closes, reduces fracture opening, reduce its water transmitting ability.
3. in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture according to claim 2, feature exists
In: each drill hole key strata of covering rock position is differentiated using Judging key stratum software KSPB in the step a.
4. in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture according to claim 2, feature exists
It constructs in the tunnel near the production zone to goaf direction in: blasting boreholes, equispaced 25-35m difference
If a drill site, each drill site arranges 2-4 drilling, and the whole hole that drills is apart from gob edge 4.5-5.5m.
5. in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture according to claim 4, feature exists
In: the horizontal space in each drill site 2-4 whole hole that drills is 8-11m, and the perpendicular layers position in each whole hole that drills is according to coal seam thickness
Degree is evenly arranged.
6. in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture according to claim 2, feature exists
In: after the drilling construction, charge explosion can be carried out, the range of in-place blasting out should reach 30-40m wide.
7. in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture according to claim 2, feature exists
In: the interval 30m between drill site, each drill site arrange 3 drillings, and the whole hole that drills is apart from gob edge 5m.
8. in-place blasting out boundary coal column/body promotes the water damage control method of closing of fracture according to claim 2, feature exists
In: the horizontal space in each drill site 3 whole holes that drill is 10m.
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| CN108590717B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2019-11-26 | 中国矿业大学 | The water-retaining method of chemical tendering carbonate rock promotion mining induced fissure selfreparing |
| CN109441450A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-03-08 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of double resource pit mining modes of lower coal water of overlying strata hydrogeologic condition disturbance |
| CN113565566B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-03-28 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Construction method for dewatering, depressurizing and stabilizing tunnel face of water-rich composite stratum |
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