CN107219298B - Workpiece centering device and method in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection - Google Patents
Workpiece centering device and method in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection Download PDFInfo
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- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
- G01N27/84—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields by applying magnetic powder or magnetic ink
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Abstract
The invention discloses a workpiece centering device and a method in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection, wherein the centering device comprises a first planar electrode, a second planar electrode, a first magnetic base, a second magnetic base, a first lifting platform, a second lifting platform, a rotary motion mechanism, a first extension cushion block, a second extension cushion block, a vertical laser demarcation device and a horizontal laser demarcation device; the laser line projector is used for generating projection lines in the horizontal and vertical directions; the magnetic base is used for assisting in placing a workpiece to be detected; the lifting platform is used for adjusting the vertical height of the workpiece; the special extension cushion block is used for fixing two ends of a workpiece to be detected and providing entity scale marks corresponding to laser lines. The invention can be applied to a fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection system, and solves the problems of image offset and reduced measurement precision caused by the fact that the traditional fluorescent magnetic powder detection equipment cannot clamp a workpiece in a centering way; the invention is suitable for workpieces of different types, and has the characteristics of conciseness, intuition, practicability, quickness and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic powder nondestructive testing technology, in particular to a workpiece centering device and a method in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection.
Background
In a fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection system, an industrial camera acquires images of a workpiece to be detected clamped on a planar electrode so as to realize the identification and measurement of surface defects of the workpiece.
The fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection system is used for judging the defects of the workpiece on the basis of images, and the centering clamping condition of the workpiece has a direct relation with the distortion of the acquired images, namely: if the workpiece can not be clamped and centered, on one hand, the illumination intensity at two sides of the workpiece is inconsistent due to non-centering of the workpiece, and the brightness uniformity of the image is influenced; on the other hand, due to the perspective principle, workpiece tilt causes tilt distortion of the image, affecting measurement accuracy. When the workpiece is in poor centering condition, the workpiece may even exceed the field of view of the camera, and a complete image cannot be acquired.
Because the traditional fluorescent magnetic powder inspection is detected by visual observation, the workpiece is not required to be completely clamped and centered. A fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection system is not popularized yet, and no related device and method suitable for workpiece centering of the system are available at present.
According to GBT15822-1995 magnetic particle inspection method 9.2.1.5, the test piece must be in good contact with the electrode, otherwise the test piece may be burned and if necessary a conductive gasket is placed. The existing centering method, as in patent CN103454341A, utilizes a mechanical swing arm, a pulley guide rod and a transmission structure to automatically center a workpiece to be detected, and has the disadvantages that the existing centering method is only suitable for circular rotary workpieces, cannot center the workpiece with a rectangular cross section, and has higher hardware cost and fussy installation. For another example, in patent CN103439403A, an annular chuck with elastic jaws is used to clamp a special-shaped workpiece, which has the disadvantages that there is no space for installing a conductive pad, and the annular chuck can only contact with a rectangular part at multiple points, and when magnetization is conducted, an arc is generated and damages the surface of the workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a workpiece centering device and a workpiece centering method in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection, which aim to solve the problems that image deviation is caused and the measurement precision is reduced because a workpiece cannot be centered and clamped in the system.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a workpiece centering device in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection is characterized by comprising a first planar electrode, a second planar electrode, a first magnetic base, a second magnetic base, a first lifting platform, a second lifting platform, a rotary motion mechanism, a first extension cushion block, a second extension cushion block, a vertical laser demarcation device and a horizontal laser demarcation device;
the first plane electrode and the second plane electrode are respectively arranged on two sides of a workpiece to be detected and can synchronously rotate; the rotary motion mechanism is used for driving the second plane electrode to rotate and move along the axial direction of the workpiece to be detected so as to clamp the workpiece to be detected; the first magnetic base and the second magnetic base are respectively horizontally arranged on the first lifting platform and the second lifting platform and synchronously lifted to a vertical height along with the lifting platforms; the first special extension cushion block and the second special extension cushion block are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the workpiece to be detected and are respectively arranged on the first magnetic base and the second magnetic base; the horizontal laser demarcation device and the first plane electrode rotating shaft are on the same horizontal plane and used for generating a projection line in the horizontal direction, and the vertical laser demarcation device is located right above the first plane electrode rotating shaft and used for generating a projection line in the vertical direction.
A workpiece centering method in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection comprises the following steps:
and 6, withdrawing the first magnetic base, the second magnetic base, the first lifting platform and the second lifting platform from the working area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention solves the problems that in a fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection system, the image deviation is caused and the measurement precision is reduced because the workpiece cannot be centered and clamped; compared with the traditional centering clamping of a mechanical structure, the centering clamping device does not change the contact area between the workpiece and the plane electrode, does not influence the magnetization effect of the workpiece in the electrifying and magnetizing process, does not cause sparking due to large local current and small contact surface, and ensures the safety of operators; (2) according to the invention, the horizontal reference and the vertical reference are provided for centering by adopting the projection lines generated by the horizontal laser projector and the vertical laser projector, so that the accuracy of the system is enhanced; (3) the first special extension cushion block and the second special extension cushion block are adopted to provide reference scale marks for the workpiece to be detected without reference lines, so that the reference scale marks correspond to the projection lines of laser, the laser system can be suitable for different types of workpieces, and the universality of the system is enhanced; (4) the first lifting platform and the second lifting platform are coordinated and matched with the first magnetic base and the second magnetic base, so that convenience is provided for adjusting the position of a workpiece to be detected, and the system is accelerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a workpiece centering device in the fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the laser line projector illumination.
FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of an extension block dedicated for rectangular workpieces.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of a rectangular parallelepiped workpiece with a special extension block.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the tower workpiece with the specialized extension block.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of a circular workpiece with a special extension block.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, a workpiece centering device in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection comprises a first planar electrode 1, a second planar electrode 11, a first magnetic base 2, a second magnetic base 6, a first lifting platform 3, a second lifting platform 5, a rotary motion mechanism 12, a first extension cushion block 7, a second extension cushion block 10, a vertical laser demarcation device 9 and a horizontal laser demarcation device 4;
the first plane electrode 1 and the second plane electrode 11 are respectively positioned at two sides of the workpiece 8 to be detected and can synchronously rotate; the rotary motion mechanism 12 is used for driving the second planar electrode 11 to rotate and move axially along the workpiece 8 to be detected so as to clamp the workpiece 8 to be detected; the first magnetic base 2 and the second magnetic base 6 are respectively horizontally arranged on the first lifting platform 3 and the second lifting platform 5 and synchronously lifted and lowered by vertical height along with the lifting platforms; the first special extension cushion block 7 and the second special extension cushion block 10 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the workpiece 8 to be detected and are respectively arranged on the first magnetic base 2 and the second magnetic base 6; the horizontal laser line projector 4 is on the same horizontal plane with the rotation axis of the first plane electrode 1 and is used for generating a projection line in the horizontal direction, and the vertical laser line projector 9 is positioned right above the rotation axis of the first plane electrode 1 and is used for generating a projection line in the vertical direction. The first lifting platform 3 and the second lifting platform 5 are both arranged on the base 13.
Further, the first and second extension blocks 7 and 10 are rectangular extension blocks, cylindrical extension blocks or tower-shaped member extension blocks. Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a special extension cushion block for a cuboid workpiece, and fig. 4 is an assembly schematic diagram of a cuboid workpiece 8 and the special extension cushion block. FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of a tower workpiece with a specialized extension block, wherein 14 is a first specialized extension block of the tower, 15 is the tower workpiece, and 16 is a second specialized extension block of the tower; fig. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of a circular workpiece with a special extension block, wherein 17 is a circular first special extension block, 18 is a circular workpiece, and 19 is a circular second special extension block.
Further, the number of the first extension blocks 7 and the second extension blocks 10 is more than one.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the first extension pad 7 and the second extension pad 10 are provided with grooves 20 having the same shape as the cross section of the workpiece 8 to be inspected, and the side surfaces of the first extension pad 7 and the second extension pad 10 are provided with scale marks which are uniformly distributed at 90 degrees and are respectively a first scale line 21, a second scale line 22, a third scale line 23 and a fourth scale line 24.
A centering method of a workpiece centering device based on fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection comprises the following steps:
and 6, withdrawing the first magnetic base 2, the second magnetic base 6, the first lifting platform 3 and the second lifting platform 5 from the working area.
In order to explain the technical content of the present invention in detail, the purpose and effect thereof will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a workpiece centering device in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection includes a first planar electrode 1, a first magnetic base 2, a first lifting platform 3, a second lifting platform 5, a second magnetic base 6, a workpiece to be detected 8, a second planar electrode 11, and a rotary motion mechanism 12. The first plane electrode 1 and the second plane electrode 11 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of a workpiece 8 to be detected and can synchronously rotate; the rotary motion mechanism 12 can drive the second plane electrode 11 to rotate and horizontally move left and right so as to clamp the workpiece 8 to be detected; the first magnetic base 2 and the second magnetic base 6 are horizontally placed on the first lifting platform 3 and the second lifting platform 5 respectively, and are lifted and lowered by vertical height synchronously along with the lifting platforms.
The first special extension cushion block 7 and the second special extension cushion block 10 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of a workpiece 8 to be detected, the first special extension cushion block 7 is arranged on the first magnetic base 2, and the second special extension cushion block 10 is arranged on the second magnetic base 6; the horizontal laser demarcation device 4 is installed right in front of the rotation axis of the first plane electrode 1, and the vertical laser demarcation device 9 is installed right above the rotation axis of the first plane electrode 1. The special extension cushion block comprises but is not limited to a special extension cushion block for a cuboid, a special extension cushion block for a cylinder and a special extension cushion block for a tower-shaped part, the number of the special extension cushion blocks comprises but is not limited to 2, and the special extension cushion blocks are respectively installed and arranged at the left end and the right end of the workpiece 8 to be detected. The special extension cushion block comprises grooves with the same shape as the cross section of the workpiece to be detected 8, and the number of the grooves comprises but is not limited to 1; the side surface of the special extension cushion block is provided with scale marks which are uniformly distributed at 90 degrees.
In the embodiment, the model of the vertical laser line projector 9 is KYL650N100-22110, the wavelength of red laser is 650nm, and the length of a projection line can reach 12 meters. It is mounted directly above the rotation axis of the first planar electrode 1. The horizontal laser demarcation device 4 is of the same type and is arranged right in front of the horizontal direction of the rotating shaft of the first plane electrode 1. The first lifting platform 3 and the second lifting platform 5 are made of stainless steel materials, the size of the table top is 200mm multiplied by 200mm, the lifting range is 100 mm-370 mm, and the first lifting platform and the second lifting platform are arranged right below the rotating shaft of the first planar electrode 1. The models of the first magnetic base 2 and the second magnetic base 6 are 12KA, the magnet material is a thin permanent magnet, the external dimension is 124mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 74mm, the groove width is 38mm, and the groove depth is 18 mm. The first special rectangular extension cushion block 7 is made of stainless steel, has an outer diameter of 55mm, a scale groove width of 1.5mm, a depth of 1mm and a length of 250mm, and is respectively placed on the first lifting platform 3 and the second lifting platform 5; the special extension cushion 150 material of cuboid second is the stainless steel, external diameter 55mm, and scale groove width 1.5mm, degree of depth 1mm, length 150mm, assembly and wait to examine 8 one ends of work pieces. The rotary motion mechanism 12 is driven to rotate by a 110BYG350B three-phase hybrid stepping motor, and is synchronously driven by a TMX00 three-phase hybrid stepping motor driver.
The working process of the invention is described below with reference to the detection flow of tower-shaped workpieces with a multi-step structure, the working environment must be a darkroom, and the detection flow is as follows:
step 1: the vertical laser line projector 9 is arranged at the position 1500mm right above the rotating shaft of the magnetic powder flaw detector, the laser line is vertically projected downwards, and the projection line passes through the rotating shaft of the first plane electrode 1. And adjusting the projection angle of the vertical laser demarcation device 9 to enable the projection range of the vertical laser demarcation device to include the working range of the flaw detector to be 0-2000 mm. The horizontal laser line projector 4 is arranged at the position 800mm right ahead of the rotating shaft of the magnetic powder flaw detector, the laser line horizontally projects backwards, and the projection line passes through the rotating shaft of the first plane electrode 1. And adjusting the projection angle of the horizontal laser demarcation device 4 to enable the projection range of the horizontal laser demarcation device to include the working range of the flaw detector to be 0-2000 mm.
Step 2: the first lifting platform 3 is horizontally arranged at a position 40mm below the rotating shaft of the flaw detector and close to the first plane electrode 1. The magnetic base 2 is attracted to the first lifting platform 3, and the V-shaped groove line of the magnetic base is parallel to the rotation axis. The second lifting platform 5 is horizontally arranged at a position 40mm below the rotating shaft of the flaw detector and is close to the second plane electrode 11. The magnetic base 6 is attracted to the second lifting platform 5, and the V-shaped groove line of the magnetic base is parallel to the rotation axis.
And step 3: two ends of a cuboid workpiece 8 are sleeved with a first special extension cushion block 7 for the cuboid workpiece and a second special extension cushion block 10 for the cuboid workpiece. Each special extension cushion block is formed by processing a cylinder, the section of the cylinder is provided with a groove 20, the shape of the groove is the same as that of the sections of two ends of a workpiece, and the geometric center of the section of the groove is coincident with the circle center of the section of the cylinder during processing. Four scribed lines are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder, namely a first scribed line 21, a second scribed line 22, a third scribed line 23 and a fourth scribed line 24, the scribed lines are generatrices of the cylinder, are distributed at equal intervals on a developed graph on the side surface of the cylinder, and are distributed at 90 degrees when viewed from the section of the cylinder.
And 4, step 4: two special extension cushion blocks 7 and 10 are respectively erected on the V-shaped grooves of the first magnetic base 2 and the second magnetic base 6, and the first scribed line 21 of the special extension cushion block is superposed with the horizontal laser projection line by respectively adjusting the height (within 100 mm) of the lifting table and the angle (within 45 degrees) of the rotating workpiece. The horizontal lift table is moved back and forth (within 100 mm) to make the second scribed line 22 on the special extension cushion block coincide with the vertical laser projection line. At this time, the central axes of the first special extension cushion block 7 and the second special extension cushion block 10 are collinear with the rotating axes of the first planar electrode 1 and the second planar electrode 11, that is, the central axis of the workpiece 8 to be detected is collinear with the rotating axes of the first planar electrode 1 and the second planar electrode 11. The centering operation is completed.
And 5: and operating the magnetic powder inspection equipment, and moving the rotary motion mechanism 12 to the left until the workpiece 8 to be detected is clamped tightly.
Step 6: and withdrawing the magnetic base 2, the magnetic base 6, the first lifting platform 3 and the second lifting platform 5 out of the working area.
The results are as follows:
the camera collects a side surface defect image of a sheet of shaft workpiece, the image pixel is 1628 multiplied by 1236, a coordinate system is established by taking the upper left corner point of the image as the original point, taking the horizontal right direction as the positive direction of the X axis and taking the vertical downward direction as the positive direction of the Y axis. And taking Y coordinates of the upper edge and the lower edge of the workpiece under the same X-axis coordinate, averaging to obtain the coordinate of one point on the central axis of the workpiece, wherein the deviation of the coordinate and the horizontal central axis of the image is the centering deviation. And the ratio of the centering deviation to the number of all the pixel points on the Y axis is a centering deviation rate. The results of the experiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| X coordinate (pixl) | 0 | 203 | 406 | 609 | 812 | 1015 | 1218 | 1421 | 1624 |
| Upper edge Y coordinate (pixl) | 488 | 487 | 485 | 484 | 482 | 483 | 482 | 484 | 485 |
| Lower edge Y coordinate (pixl) | 717 | 717 | 717 | 717 | 716 | 716 | 716 | 716 | 716 |
| Centering deviation (pixl) | 15.5 | 16 | 17 | 17.5 | 19 | 18.5 | 19 | 18 | 17.5 |
| Centering deviation ratio | 1.25％ | 1.29％ | 1.37％ | 1.41％ | 1.54％ | 1.49％ | 1.54％ | 1.45％ | 1.41％ |
The data in table 1 show that the maximum centering deviation ratio after centering by using the device and the method is 1.54 percent, and the requirement of the system can be met.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are included in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A workpiece centering device in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection is characterized by comprising a first planar electrode (1), a second planar electrode (11), a first magnetic base (2), a second magnetic base (6), a first lifting platform (3), a second lifting platform (5), a rotary motion mechanism (12), a first extension cushion block (7), a second extension cushion block (10), a vertical laser demarcation device (9) and a horizontal laser demarcation device (4);
the first plane electrode (1) and the second plane electrode (11) are respectively arranged on two sides of a workpiece (8) to be detected and can synchronously rotate; the rotary motion mechanism (12) is used for driving the second plane electrode (11) to rotate and move along the axial direction of the workpiece to be detected (8) so as to clamp the workpiece to be detected (8); the first magnetic base (2) and the second magnetic base (6) are respectively horizontally arranged on the first lifting platform (3) and the second lifting platform (5) and synchronously lifted to vertical height along with the lifting platforms; the first extension cushion block (7) and the second extension cushion block (10) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of a workpiece (8) to be detected and are respectively arranged on the first magnetic base (2) and the second magnetic base (6); the horizontal laser line projector (4) and the first plane electrode (1) have the same horizontal plane rotating shaft and are used for generating a horizontal direction projection line, and the vertical laser line projector (9) is positioned right above the first plane electrode (1) and is used for generating a vertical direction projection line.
2. The device for centering the workpiece in the fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection according to claim 1, wherein the first extension block (7) and the second extension block (10) are rectangular extension blocks, cylindrical extension blocks or tower-shaped member extension blocks.
3. The centering device for the workpiece in the fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection according to claim 2, wherein the number of the first extension cushion block (7) and the second extension cushion block (10) is more than one.
4. The centering device for the workpiece in the fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection according to claim 2, wherein the first extension cushion block (7) and the second extension cushion block (10) are provided with grooves having the same shape as the cross section of the workpiece (8) to be detected.
5. The centering device for the workpiece in the fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the first extension cushion block (7) and the second extension cushion block (10) are provided with scale marks uniformly distributed at 90 ° on the side surface.
6. A centering method of a workpiece centering device in fluorescent magnetic powder defect imaging detection based on claim 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a vertical laser line projector (9) is arranged right above a rotating shaft of the magnetic powder flaw detector, a laser line is projected vertically downwards, and the projection line passes through the rotating shaft of a first plane electrode (1); adjusting the projection angle of the vertical laser demarcation device (9) to enable the projection range to include the working range of the flaw detector; the horizontal laser line projector (4) is arranged right in front of the rotating shaft of the magnetic powder flaw detector, the laser line is horizontally projected backwards, and the projection line passes through the rotating shaft of the first plane electrode (1); adjusting the projection angle of the horizontal laser demarcation device (4) to enable the projection range to include the working range of the flaw detector;
step 2, horizontally placing a first lifting platform (3) below a rotating shaft of the first planar electrode (1), adsorbing a magnetic base (2) on the first lifting platform (3), wherein a V-shaped groove line of the magnetic base is parallel to the rotating axis; the second lifting platform (5) is horizontally arranged below the rotating shaft of the second planar electrode (11), the magnetic base (6) is adsorbed on the second lifting platform (5), and the V-shaped groove line of the magnetic base is parallel to the rotating shaft;
step 3, assembling a first extension cushion block (7) and a second extension cushion block (10) at the left end and the right end of a workpiece (8) to be detected;
step 4, erecting a first extension cushion block (7) on a V-shaped groove of a first magnetic base (2), erecting a second extension cushion block (10) on a V-shaped groove of a second magnetic base (6), and rotating the workpiece to be detected (8) by adjusting the heights of a first lifting platform (3) and a second lifting platform (5) respectively to enable a scribed line on the two extension cushion blocks to coincide with a horizontal laser cast line; moving the horizontal lifting platform back and forth to enable another adjacent scribed line on the extension cushion block to coincide with the vertical laser projection line; at the moment, the central axis of the first extension cushion block (7) and the central axis of the second extension cushion block (10) are collinear with the rotating axes of the first planar electrode (1) and the second planar electrode (11), namely the central axis of the workpiece to be detected (8) is collinear with the rotating axes of the first planar electrode (1) and the second planar electrode (11), and the centering operation is finished;
step 5, moving the rotary motion mechanism (12) until the workpiece (8) to be detected is clamped;
and 6, withdrawing the first magnetic base (2), the second magnetic base (6), the first lifting platform (3) and the second lifting platform (5) from the working area.
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| CN108917659B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-05-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for realizing rapid centering and alignment of coupler by adopting laser demarcation device |
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| CN109158870B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-04-28 | 山东中车风电有限公司 | Efficient centering method for large and heavy type no-seam-allowance flange face equipment |
| CN110095479B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏能建机电实业集团有限公司 | Aluminium alloy nondestructive test equipment |
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