CN107219228A - A kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means and its detection method - Google Patents
A kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means and its detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107219228A CN107219228A CN201710513154.4A CN201710513154A CN107219228A CN 107219228 A CN107219228 A CN 107219228A CN 201710513154 A CN201710513154 A CN 201710513154A CN 107219228 A CN107219228 A CN 107219228A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means, including apparatus housing, processor, LASER Light Source, camera and motor, the processor output end is connected with motor, the processor input is connected with camera, the LASER Light Source and camera are respectively placed in two relative medial surfaces of apparatus housing, the motor driving emerald rotation, the LASER Light Source, emerald and camera are in same optical axis.The present invention produces light beam by LASER Light Source, the light beam is transmitted in camera by emerald, the view data collected is transferred to processor and carries out image procossing by camera, realize the three-dimensional image reconstruction inside emerald, the Quality Grade of emerald can be judged easily by 3-D view, the degree of accuracy is high, and artificial subjective factor is few, detection means cost of the present invention is low simultaneously, and cost performance is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of emerald quality detection device, more specifically to a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means
And the detection method of the device.
Background technology
Emerald is a kind of jade kind of high-quality, is a very important kind in world's jewel jade, likes emerald
Crowd is also more and more, and emerald is full of variety due to its price and kind, with great leap property so that Jadeite Market is obtained
Quickly development.
But with the development of science and technology, the discovery of new technologies and materials, emulation emerald technology is also grown up.Emerald
Market is that pure natural emerald is referred to as A goods, is referred to as B goods with the emerald after filling glue processing through overpickling, by manually cutting shaping
It is referred to as C goods in the emerald product for carrying out color filling, price is also reduced successively, identification ten of the in the market to emerald rank and quality
Divide necessity.
Conventional discrimination method has two at present, and one is to be judged whether observation structure is loose, surface by naked eyes
Whether fine crack is had, and this method is influenceed greatly completely in accordance with the experience of expert by subjective factor；Another is infrared spectrum point
Analysis method, natural or artificial treatment is judged by analyzing the covalent key type in emerald to correlation absorption band, but
Emerald internal structure texture and colourity can not be observed, and infrared spectrometer is complicated, cost of manufacture and inspection
Survey costly.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection dress for being used to detect emerald quality is provided
Put and its detection method.
The present invention solve its technical problem solution be：
A kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means, including apparatus housing, in addition to processor, LASER Light Source, camera and
Motor, the processor output end is connected with motor, and the processor input is connected with camera, the laser light
Source and camera are respectively placed in two relative medial surfaces of apparatus housing, the motor driving emerald rotation, the laser
Light source, emerald and camera are in same optical axis.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the motor is connected by adjustment frame with emerald, described to adjust
Whole frame is used to adjust plan-position where emerald, the motor driving adjustment frame rotation.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the motor is stepper motor.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the LASER Light Source spot light, the LASER Light Source is that halogen is cold
Light source.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the optical axis between the LASER Light Source and emerald, which is provided with, to be expanded
Mirror.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the optical axis between the emerald and camera is provided with telecentric lens.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the camera is CMOS cameras.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention produces light beam by LASER Light Source, and the light beam is transmitted to by emerald
In camera, the view data collected is transferred to processor and carries out image procossing by camera, realizes the graphics inside emerald
As rebuilding, the Quality Grade of emerald can be judged easily by 3-D view, the degree of accuracy is high, and artificial subjective factor is few, while this
Invent the detection means cost low, cost performance is high.
The invention also discloses a kind of detection method of above-mentioned three imaging detection devices of emerald, comprise the following steps：
Step A：The two-dimensional position of emerald is adjusted, makes the central shaft weight of the central shaft that motor is rotated and emerald itself
Close；
Step B：Start LASER Light Source, the light irradiation that the LASER Light Source is sent on emerald, what emerald was transmitted
Light enters in camera, and the data transfer collected into processor, is obtained the projection tomographic map of the angle by the camera
Picture；
Step C：Motor driving emerald gradually turns an angle, and judges whether to have rotated 360 degree of accumulation, if not
It is, return to step B, if it is, continuing down to perform；
Step D：By the projection tomographic map of whole angles of acquisition by backprojection algorithm, the tangent plane of all angles is obtained
Figure；
Step E：By the sectional drawing of whole angles, rebuild by Amira softwares, obtain tripleplane's tomographic map；
Step F：The tripleplane's tomographic map obtained in step E is calibrated, space coordinates are set up.
As the further improvement of such scheme, the step A comprises the following steps：
Step A01：The cental axial position of emerald is marked, initial alignment position is defined as；
Step A02：Motor drives emerald rotation 180 degree, records postrotational cental axial position, is demarcated after being defined as
Position；
Step A03：Mobile emerald position, makes emerald be moved to initial alignment position and the midpoint of rear calibration position, completes
One-dimensional square is adjusted；
Step A04：Motor drives emerald to rotate 90 degree, and repeat step A01 to A03 completes two-dimensional directional adjustment.
As the further improvement of such scheme, motor driving emerald gradually rotates 1.8 degree in the step C.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Detection method of the present invention is irradiated by the laser beam sent to LASER Light Source
On emerald, laser beam, which is penetrated, to be entered camera and obtains the projection tomographic map under the angle after emerald, afterwards by driving electricity
Machine makes emerald gradually rotate to an angle, until rotating a circle, and obtains the projection tomographic map under multiple angles, afterwards to all
Tomographic map is projected by backprojection algorithm, the sectional drawing of all angles is obtained, is rebuild finally by Amira softwares, obtain three
Dimension projection tomographic map, by tripleplane's tomographic map it is clearly recognizable go out emerald internal structure, can sentence easily
The Quality Grade of disconnected emerald, the degree of accuracy is high, and artificial subjective factor is few.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, makes required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described.Obviously, described accompanying drawing is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than is all implemented
Example, those skilled in the art on the premise of not paying creative work, can also obtain other designs according to these accompanying drawings
Scheme and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of detection means of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of detection method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The technique effect of the design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation is carried out below with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing clear
Chu, complete description, to be completely understood by the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.Obviously, described embodiment is this hair
Bright a part of embodiment, rather than whole embodiments, based on embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art is not paying
The other embodiment obtained on the premise of creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.In addition, be previously mentioned in text
All connection/annexations, not singly refer to component and directly connect, and refer to be added deduct by adding according to specific implementation situation
Few couple auxiliary, to constitute more excellent draw bail.Each technical characteristic in the invention, in not conflicting conflict
Under the premise of can be with combination of interactions.
Reference picture 1, the invention provides a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection dress for being used to detect emerald internal structure
Put, a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means, including apparatus housing 1, in addition to processor 2, LASER Light Source 3, camera 4 and drive
Dynamic motor 5, the output end of processor 2 is connected with motor 5, and the input of processor 2 is connected with camera 4, described to swash
Radiant 3 and camera 4 are respectively placed in 1 two relative medial surfaces of apparatus housing, and the motor 5 is arranged on LASER Light Source
3 with the middle of camera 4 and driving emerald 9 to rotate, and the LASER Light Source 3, emerald 9 and camera 4 are in same optical axis.Specifically,
The invention detects the internal structure of emerald 9 using optical imaging concept, and the LASER Light Source 3 sends light beam, the light beam
It is transmitted to by emerald 9 in camera 4, it is right due to being differed in terms of the Matter Composition of each position, structure inside emerald 9
Transmitting, refraction and the assimilation effect of institute's illumination beam difference, light beam are penetrated after emerald 9, into camera 4 and vertical irradiation
In the photo-sensitive cell inside camera 4, the light signal strength received by different photo-sensitive cells is otherwise varied, the camera 4
The optical signal received described in photo-sensitive cell is transformed into electric signal again and is transformed into data signal again, processor 2 is transferred to and is schemed
As processing；In order to obtain the overall three-dimensional structure in the inside of emerald 9, it is necessary to rotate emerald 9 around central shaft by motor
360 degree, so as to obtain the projection tomographic map of different angles, realize the reconstruction of the interior three-dimensional structure of emerald 9.The invention institute
The detection means stated recombinates the three-dimensional structure inside emerald 9 using optical imaging concept, and structure of the detecting device principle is simple, it is easy to
Realize, not by interference from human factor in the detection process of emerald 9, the degree of accuracy is high, compared to the detecting instruments such as infrared spectrometer, sheet
Device cost performance is high.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, due to the invention need to enable in detection process emerald 9 around
Its central axis rotation, is difficult to the step fix in position of emerald 9 one in practice, it is therefore desirable to the rotation of emerald 9 is ceaselessly adjusted
Center.To solve the above problems, motor 5 described in the invention embodiment passes through adjustment frame 6 and the phase of emerald 9
Even, the adjustment frame 6 is used to adjust the place plan-position of emerald 9, and then adjusts bird with red feathers when the driving adjustment frame 6 of motor 5 rotates
The pivot position of kingfisher 9.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, detection means described in the invention is carrying out detection process to emerald 9
In, it is necessary to realize the rotation of emerald 9 by motor 5, and be gradually to rotate some angle.To realize above-mentioned functions, this
Motor 5 is stepper motor described in innovation and creation specific embodiment, and the stepper motor can transmit processor 2
Electric impulse signal be converted into angular displacement, the rotational angle of stepper motor is only relevant with the number of electric impulse signal, and accuracy is high.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, LASER Light Source 3 is spot light described in the invention specific embodiment,
The LASER Light Source 3 is halogen cold light source, power when effectively reduction detection means is run, while the halogen cold light source is sent out
The laser beam frequency gone out is single, and coherence is good, and imaging effect is good, greatly improves the acquired image quality of camera 4.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, the laser beam radius emitted by LASER Light Source 3 it is smaller, it is necessary to
The laser beam radius is expanded so that laser beam can be irradiated to whole emerald 9, to realize above-mentioned functions, the invention tool
In body embodiment, the optical axis between the LASER Light Source 3 and emerald 9 is provided with beam expanding lens 7, needs adjustment to expand before detection operation
Distance between beam mirror 7 and LASER Light Source 3, makes laser beam by being just irradiated to after beam expanding lens 7 on whole emerald 9.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, described in the invention specific embodiment between emerald 9 and camera 4
Optical axis is provided with telecentric lens 8, and the effect of telecentric lens 8 is object distance in the case where certain limit changes, so as to get into
As size keeps constant.The invention embodiment between emerald 9 and camera 4 by setting telecentric lens 8, therefore in emerald
The requirement of 9 installation sites is upper without excessively harsh, as long as ensureing that emerald 9 can be fixed in the range of some, both can guarantee that imaging
Quality, can also reduce the requirement to the installation site of emerald 9, so as to reduce the physical dimension requirement of whole device.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, camera 4 described in the invention embodiment is CMOS cameras,
The magazine photo-sensitive cells of CMOS are made using metal oxide semiconductor material, and the CMOS cameras price is low,
Cost performance is high, and photoperceptivity is strong, and sensitivity is big, and image integration effect is good.
The invention also discloses a kind of method that emerald is detected using above-mentioned emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means simultaneously,
Comprise the following steps：
Step A：The two-dimensional position of emerald is adjusted, makes the central shaft weight of the central shaft that motor is rotated and emerald itself
Close；
Step B：Start LASER Light Source, the light irradiation that the LASER Light Source is sent on emerald, what emerald was transmitted
Light enters in camera, and the data transfer collected into processor, is obtained the projection tomographic map of the angle by the camera
Picture；
Step C：Motor driving emerald gradually turns an angle, and judges whether to have rotated 360 degree of accumulation, if not
It is, return to step B, if it is, continuing down to perform；
Step D：By the projection tomographic map of whole angles of acquisition by backprojection algorithm, the tangent plane of all angles is obtained
Figure；
Step E：By the sectional drawing of whole angles, rebuild by Amira softwares, obtain tripleplane's tomographic map；
Step F：The tripleplane's tomographic map obtained in step E is calibrated, space coordinates are set up.
Specifically, detection method of the present invention installs LASER Light Source, camera, drive firstly the need of by above-mentioned connection request
Dynamic motor, adjustment frame, beam expanding lens and telecentric lens, are located at LASER Light Source, beam expanding lens, emerald, telecentric lens and camera
Same optical axis；Afterwards in order to increase the tested area of emerald to be measured, it is necessary to ensure emerald can around itself central shaft carry out
Rotation, it is therefore desirable to by being operated to adjustment frame, adjusts the two-dimensional position of emerald, and emerald will not occur partially when rotation
From even if the center overlapping of axles for the central shaft and emerald itself that motor is rotated；Start emerald detection procedure afterwards, gradually make
Emerald turns an angle, and carries out IMAQ and processing to each angle, until rotational angle is full 360 degree, obtains multiple
Tomographic map is projected under angle；Backprojection algorithm computing is carried out to obtained projection tomographic map again, cutting for all angles is obtained
Face figure, and multiple sectional drawings are combined into tripleplane's tomographic map, institute is reflected by tripleplane's tomographic map
The internal structure of emerald is detected, the actual size of three dimensions of emerald to be measured and the times magnification of the telecentric lens is finally measured
Number, calibrates tripleplane's tomographic map of acquisition, sets up coordinate system, judges its Quality Grade, and accuracy rate is high, artificial dry
Disturb factor few.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, is wrapped in detection method step A described in the invention specific embodiment
Include following steps：
Step A01：The cental axial position of emerald is marked, initial alignment position is defined as；
Step A02：Motor drives emerald rotation 180 degree, records postrotational cental axial position, is demarcated after being defined as
Position；
Step A03：Mobile emerald position, makes emerald be moved to initial alignment position and the midpoint of rear calibration position, completes
One-dimensional square is adjusted；
Step A04：Motor drives emerald to rotate 90 degree, and repeat step A01 to A03 completes two-dimensional directional adjustment.
Specifically need to ensure the central shaft and emerald itself that motor is rotated in the invention embodiment
Center overlapping of axles, in order to avoid in detection process motor driving emerald rotate when shift, cause three finally given
Dimension projection chromatography imaging accuracy is not enough, it is impossible to characterize emerald internal structure feature.Detection method specific implementation of the present invention
Firstly the need of the cental axial position that emerald is calibrated in the image a that camera is collected in example, the emerald of motor driving afterwards
180 degree is rotated, the image b of one and image a speculars is obtained, associative operation is carried out to adjustment frame afterwards, control emerald is moved
It is dynamic, the cental axial position that emerald is demarcated is overlapped with the cental axial position that motor is rotated, now complete one-dimensional square
Adjustment, afterwards motor control emerald rotate 90 degree, repeat step A01 to A03, complete adjust emerald two-dimensional position,
Realize the center overlapping of axles of central shaft and emerald itself that motor is rotated.
It is further to note that due to during emerald two-dimensional position is adjusted by adjustment frame, it is difficult to guarantee
Just realize that the cental axial position of emerald demarcation is overlapped with the cental axial position that motor is rotated by once-through operation, therefore each
The regulation operation of dimension may need according to actual conditions repeatedly A01 to A03 steps.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, motor drives in step C described in the invention embodiment
Dynamic emerald gradually rotates 1.8 degree.Specifically, needed in detection method described in the invention to motor driving emerald gradually
The angle of rotation thinks better of setting, if the angle rotated every time is larger, last resulting projection tomographic map and tangent plane
Figure is fewer, and tripleplane's tomographic map for finally synthesizing more is difficult to the internal structure for reflecting emerald, but if each rotates
Angle is smaller, it is necessary to which the projection chromatography amount of images of collection is big, and processing time is long, reduces treatment effeciency.Asked based on above-mentioned
Pass through motor driving emerald in many experiments, final setting procedure D in topic, detection method described in the invention every time to turn
It is dynamic 1.8 degree, 200 projection tomographic maps are obtained, while ensure that the definition and process of synthesis tripleplane tomographic map
In treatment effeciency.
Reference picture 2, emerald quality determining method specific embodiment process step is as follows described in the invention：
Step S01：LASER Light Source, camera, motor, adjustment frame, beam expanding lens and telecentric lens are installed on request；
Step S02：The position of all parts is adjusted, makes LASER Light Source, beam expanding lens, emerald, telecentric lens and phase seat in the plane
In same optical axis；
Step S03：The cental axial position of emerald is marked, initial alignment position is defined as；
Step S04：Motor drives emerald rotation 180 degree, records postrotational cental axial position, is demarcated after being defined as
Position；
Step S05：The adjustment frame is operated, mobile emerald position makes adjustment frame to initial alignment position and rear demarcation position
The midpoint movement put, completes the adjustment of emerald one-dimensional square；
Step S06：Motor control emerald rotates 90 degree, and repeat step S03 to S05 completes emerald two-dimensional directional
Adjustment, makes the center overlapping of axles of the central shaft that motor is rotated and emerald itself；
Step S07：Start LASER Light Source, the light that the LASER Light Source is sent is radiated on emerald by beam expanding lens, bird with red feathers
The light that kingfisher transmits enters camera by the telecentric lens；
Step S08：The data transfer collected into processor, is obtained the projection tomographic map of the angle by camera
Picture；
Step S09：Motor driving emerald rotates 1.8 degree；
Step S10：Judge whether to have added up to rotate 360 degree, if it is, continuing down to perform, if it is not, return to step
S08；
Step S11：By the projection tomographic map of whole angles of acquisition by backprojection algorithm, cutting for all angles is obtained
Face figure；
Step S12：By the sectional drawing of whole angles, rebuild by Amira softwares, obtain tripleplane's tomographic map；
Step S13：Obtained tripleplane's tomographic map is calibrated, space coordinates are set up, emerald grade is judged
Quality.
The better embodiment to the present invention is illustrated above, but the invention is not limited to the implementation
Example, those skilled in the art can also make a variety of equivalent modifications or replace on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention
Change, these equivalent modifications or replacement are all contained in the application claim limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means, including apparatus housing (1), it is characterised in that：Also include processor (2), swash
Radiant (3), camera (4) and motor (5), processor (2) output end are connected with motor (5), the place
Reason device (2) input is connected with camera (4), and the LASER Light Source (3) and camera (4) are respectively placed in apparatus housing (1) two
Relative medial surface, motor (5) driving emerald (9) rotation, the LASER Light Source (3), emerald (9) and camera
(4) it is in same optical axis.
2. a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The motor (5)
It is connected by adjustment frame (6) with emerald (9), motor (5) driving adjustment frame (6) rotation.
3. a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The motor (5)
It is stepper motor.
4. a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The LASER Light Source (3)
It is spot light, the LASER Light Source (3) is halogen cold light source.
5. a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The LASER Light Source (3)
Optical axis between emerald (9) is provided with beam expanding lens (7).
6. three imaging detection devices of a kind of emerald according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The emerald (9) and phase
Optical axis between machine (4) is provided with telecentric lens (8).
7. a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The camera (4) is
CMOS cameras.
8. the detection method of above-mentioned a kind of emerald three-dimensional imaging detection means, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step A：The two-dimensional position of emerald is adjusted, makes the center overlapping of axles of the central shaft that motor is rotated and emerald itself；
Step B：Start LASER Light Source, the light irradiation that the LASER Light Source is sent is on emerald, and the light that emerald is transmitted enters
Enter in camera, the data transfer collected into processor, is obtained the projection tomographic map of the angle by the camera；
Step C：Motor driving emerald gradually turns an angle, and judges whether to have rotated 360 degree of accumulation, if it is not,
Return to step B, if it is, continuing down to perform；
Step D：By the projection tomographic map of whole angles of acquisition by backprojection algorithm, the sectional drawing of all angles is obtained；
Step E：By the sectional drawing of whole angles, rebuild by Amira softwares, obtain tripleplane's tomographic map；
Step F：The tripleplane's tomographic map obtained in step E is calibrated, space coordinates are set up, emerald grade is judged
Quality.
9. detection method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the step A comprises the following steps：
Step A01：The cental axial position of emerald is marked, initial alignment position is defined as；
Step A02：Motor drives emerald rotation 180 degree, records postrotational cental axial position, position is demarcated after being defined as
Put；
Step A03：Mobile emerald position, makes emerald be moved to initial alignment position and the midpoint of rear calibration position, completes one-dimensional
Direction is adjusted；
Step A04：Motor drives emerald to rotate 90 degree, and repeat step A01 to A03 completes two-dimensional directional adjustment.
10. detection method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The driving of motor described in step C emerald is gradually
Rotate 1.8 degree.
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| CN108009564A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of green jade bracelet quality grading method based on radial basis function neural network model |
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