CN107214523B - Large bridge type gantry mixed machining tool and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Large bridge type gantry mixed machining tool and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003827 upregulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a large-scale bridge type longmen hybrid machine tool which characterized in that includes: the machine tool comprises a foundation (1), a working corridor (2), a machine body (3), an X-axis feeding system (4), a cross beam (5), a Y-axis feeding system (8), a slide carriage (7), a square ram (11), a Z-axis feeding system (12), a C-axis feeding system, an A-axis feeding system, an actuator interface (13) and an actuator unit library (15). The invention adopts the combination of the modern additive manufacturing process and the milling process to realize the high-efficiency and precise machining of the large-scale die, the efficiency is more than 10 times that of the traditional die machining, the cost is only 30 percent of that of the traditional process, the customization requirement is met, the future intelligent and flexible requirements are met, and the prospect is good. Replaces the traditional casting mould, quickly responds to the demands of customers, and saves the mould investment by more than 60 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large bridge type gantry mixed machining machine tool and a machining method thereof, wherein an executing mechanism of the large bridge type gantry mixed machining machine tool can realize additive manufacturing and material reduction machining, has an on-machine detection function, and belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing equipment.
Background
The molds can be classified into non-plastic molds such as casting molds, forging molds, compression molds, stamping molds, and plastic molds, and the mold industry is an important component of the manufacturing industry due to the variety, complexity, and applicability of mold manufacturing. The die manufacturing equipment is a weight branch of equipment manufacturing industry, and the country also clearly puts forward an important guideline for increasing the development force of the equipment industry and promoting the localization of key equipment. The mould industry belongs to the important field of high and new technology industrialization, and high-precision moulds also enter the high and new technology industry category, and related enterprises for producing high-precision moulds are listed in the high and new technology enterprises. The development and manufacturing level of the die are improved, and the numerical control precise and efficient processing equipment is adopted.
In recent years, the mold industry in China rapidly develops, and part of subdivision fields such as automobile manufacturing industry and IT manufacturing industry develop, so that the rapid growth of the mold industry in China is promoted, the mold grade is gradually improved, and the equipment lifting capability is better. On one hand, the information technology is used for driving and improving the manufacturing technology level of the mould industry, and is a key link for promoting the technical progress of the mould industry. The application of CAD/CAE/CAM technology in the mould industry and the application of rapid prototyping technology make the design and manufacture technology of moulds have been greatly changed. The application of advanced manufacturing technologies such as reverse engineering, parallel engineering, agile manufacturing, virtual technology and the like in the mould industry is also grafted with high and new technologies such as electronic information and the like, so that the industrialization of the high and new technologies is realized. On the other hand, with the further improvement of the development of an industrial system, the demands of non-traditional products such as large-scale moulds, such as wind power blade moulds, yacht bases, ultra-large tires and the like, are more and more extensive, and the requirements on equipment are very high because the large-scale moulds have very large volumes, the lengths of the large-scale moulds can reach more than 100m, and the manufacturing period is relatively long. The production cycle of the end customer's product is difficult to control, manufacturing cost increases, and the innovative development of the industry is affected.
Along with the development of the novel equipment manufacturing industry, the requirements of increasing and decreasing material manufacturing and on-line measurement are met, and development of a large bridge type gantry mixed machining machine tool is needed, so that a novel die is effectively developed and quick response is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a large bridge type gantry mixed machining machine tool and a machining method thereof, which form a mixed mechanism unit based on additive manufacturing, subtractive manufacturing and on-machine measurement methods, and develop novel machining equipment by combining the basic structural condition of gantry machining equipment. On a machine tool, the embedded reconfigurable software tool kit is called by replacing different execution units, and the specified process implementation scheme is adopted to realize processing within the range of the processing procedure of the whole product, so that the requirements of customers are finally met.
A large bridge gantry hybrid machine tool comprising: the machine tool comprises a foundation (1), a working corridor (2), a machine body (3), an X-axis feeding system (4), a cross beam (5), a Y-axis feeding system (8), a slide carriage (7), a square ram (11), a Z-axis feeding system (12), a C-axis feeding system, an A-axis feeding system, an executing mechanism interface (13) and an executing unit library (15), wherein the machine body (3) is arranged on the foundation (1), the working corridor (2) is arranged on two sides of the foundation (1), the X-axis feeding system (4) is arranged on the machine body (3), the cross beam (5) is arranged on the X-axis feeding system (4), the slide carriage (7) is arranged on the cross beam (5), the upper ram (11) and the Z-axis feeding system (12) are arranged on the slide carriage (7), the executing unit library (15) is arranged on the foundation (1), the X-axis feeding system (4), the Y-axis feeding system (8) and the Z-axis feeding system (12) are respectively connected with an X-axis motion drag chain (6), a Y-axis motion drag chain (9) and a Z-axis motion drag chain (10), the bottom of the square ram (11) is provided with the executing mechanism interface (13), and the executing mechanism (13) is connected with the square ram (11).
The execution unit library (15) comprises a material reduction manufacturing unit (14), an material addition manufacturing unit (16) and an on-machine measuring unit (17), and can be installed with the execution mechanism interface (13) according to the movement requirement of the mechanism, so that the processing requirement is met.
The execution unit library (15) comprises an execution unit library platform (18), an execution unit library mounting platform (19), an execution unit library longitudinal motion (20) and an execution unit library transverse motion direction (21), wherein the execution unit library platform (18) is provided with the execution unit library longitudinal motion (20) and the execution unit library transverse motion direction (21), and the execution unit library mounting platform (19) is arranged on the execution unit library longitudinal motion (20).
The machine tool body (3), the cross beam (5), the slide carriage (7) and the square ram (11) are installed by adopting Mihanna cast iron (welding parts can be used), the inner cavity of the casting is of a honeycomb type composite arrangement structure, and the inner cavity of the casting is subjected to ageing and secondary tempering treatment, so that residual internal stress is eliminated, the material is stable, and the stability of the machining precision of a workpiece and the service life of a machine tool are ensured.
The X-axis feeding system (4) is driven by a bevel gear and a rack capable of eliminating gaps, so that the requirement of high-precision movement is met; the Y-axis feeding system (8) is driven by a three-guide-rail structure with a central unloading function and by combining a bevel gear and a rack which can eliminate gaps, so that the movement requirements of different execution units are met; the Z-axis feeding system 12 () meets the motion requirements of different execution units by combining ball screws through 2 groups of linear guide rails or more.
The execution unit library (15) is an execution unit repository of a device. The interior includes an additive manufacturing unit, a measurement system unit, and other subtractive units. The device and the actuator interface can be installed and fixed in a contact way.
The method for processing by using the large bridge type gantry mixed processing machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the step of the operation of the execution unit of the additive manufacturing system: the screw pump is arranged in the spray head system of the material adding system, the driving of the screw pump is controlled by the servo motor, and the quantity and the speed of the sprayed droplets can be effectively controlled; the glue injection speed is dynamically closed-loop adjustable; the glue injection speed is uniformly controlled by a machine tool detection system, and the machine tool detection system detects the surface machining condition and compares the surface machining condition with a curved surface which is theoretically required; in the glue supplementing and spraying stage, when the detection result evaluates the convex-concave position of the surface of the product, software sends a glue injection speed changing signal, and when a glue injection system receives the signal, the glue injection speed is changed to finish the surface processing; starting from a machining starting point on the basis of machining the original molded surface (22), machining in a path planning range to obtain a material with a required size according to the path planning, and carrying out path up-regulation when the material meets the machining original molded surface (22) or the machining obtained surface (23); sequentially until a certain section of closed path is processed. Comparing the current machined obtained surface (23) with the machined original surface (22) for the unprocessed curved surface, and re-planning a path of the unprocessed part, so that further machining is performed through the additive manufacturing system unit;
the step of measuring the operation of the system execution unit: a laser ranging device is adopted to perform non-contact measurement on a processing surface, and the obtained data is used for generating a curved surface by adopting a digital technology, so that curved surface comparison is realized, and the processes of additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing are guided;
the operation of the execution unit of the cutting system comprises the following steps: in order to realize complex blade curved surface milling of a milling spindle of a machine tool, a high-precision five-axis milling head is arranged on a milling ram, 5-axis linkage can be realized in a Cartesian coordinate system, and smooth milling of a curved surface is satisfied; during five-axis numerical control machining, the ball end milling cutter is adopted, the adaptability is strong, the tool position planning is simple, any complex curved surface can be machined, the machining performance is poor, and the machining efficiency is low. When a flat and open curved surface is processed, a disc-shaped milling cutter can be adopted to carry out five-axis processing, so that not only can the cutting performance be improved, but also the processing efficiency can be improved; the pose of the annular milling cutter is adjusted, so that the enveloping curve surface of the cutter in the banded region near the track line of the cutter contact fully approximates to the theoretical design curve surface, and the processing bandwidth under the given precision is obviously improved; the large-diameter disc milling cutter is installed, and the processing efficiency is improved by more than 5 times based on an optimization algorithm under the conditions of the same cutting depth and the same feeding speed; for the curved surface with larger local curvature change, accurate machining is realized by automatically replacing the ball end milling cutter.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention adopts the combination of the modern additive manufacturing process and the milling process to realize the high-efficiency and precise machining of the large-scale die, the efficiency is more than 10 times that of the traditional die machining, the cost is only 30 percent of that of the traditional process, the customization requirement is met, the future intelligent and flexible requirements are met, and the prospect is good. Replaces the traditional casting mould, quickly responds to the demands of customers, and saves the mould investment by more than 60 percent.
The invention discloses a large bridge type gantry mixed machining machine tool, which comprises additive manufacturing, material reduction manufacturing and on-machine measuring methods, and forms a scheme for realizing machining through a mixed process method. The main structural characteristics of the equipment are as follows: the fixed workbench, the lathe bed and the cross beam move back and forth along the lathe bed guide rail, and the square ram moves up and down along the cross beam and can also move left and right along the cross beam; the machine tool has the functions of milling, drilling and the like. After the accessory milling head is arranged, the workpiece can be clamped once, five-shaft heads can be arranged for five-surface machining, and the machine is multipurpose, so that the machining quality and the production efficiency of the workpiece are improved.
The invention adopts a large bridge type gantry mixed processing machine tool, based on additive manufacturing, material reduction manufacturing and on-machine measuring methods, an additive manufacturing unit, a material reduction manufacturing unit and an on-machine measuring unit are formed, a mixing mechanism unit is formed, and the structural characteristics of gantry equipment are combined, so that novel gantry mixed processing equipment is developed. With the development of the mold industry, the demands of non-traditional products such as large molds and the like are also more and more widespread, such as wind power blade molds, yacht bases, ultra-large tires and the like, and the large molds can reach more than 100m in length due to the fact that the large molds are quite large in size, the corresponding manufacturing period is quite long, the requirements on equipment are quite high, the influence on final customers is that the production period of the products is quite long, the manufacturing cost is quite high, and the development condition of the industry is limited. The equipment developed by the invention adopts the combination of the modern additive manufacturing process and the milling process, realizes the high-efficiency and precise machining of a large die, has the efficiency which is more than 10 times that of the traditional die machining, has the cost which is only 30 percent of that of the traditional process, meets the customization requirement, realizes the product innovation, combines the 3D printing and the cutting process, realizes the process innovation, meets the future intelligent and flexible requirements, and has good prospect. Replaces the traditional casting mould, quickly responds to the demands of customers, and saves the mould investment by more than 60 percent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an execution unit library.
FIG. 3a shows a schematic view of a subtractive manufacturing unit interface.
Figure 3b shows a schematic of an additive manufacturing unit interface.
Figure 3c shows a schematic diagram of an on-board measurement unit interface.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic of a method of the present invention employing additive manufacturing.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an on-line measurement method using a reference distance according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the present invention employing an on-line measurement method that is less than the reference distance.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the present invention employing an on-line measurement method that is greater than the reference distance.
In the figure: 1, 2 working corridor, 3 is lathe bed, 4 is X axis feed system, 5 is crossbeam, 6 is X axis motion drag chain, 7 is the carriage, 8 is Y axis feed system, 9 is Y axis motion drag chain, 10 is Z axis motion drag chain, 11 is square ram, 12 is Z axis feed system, 13 is actuating mechanism interface, 14 is subtracting material manufacturing unit, 15 is actuating unit storehouse, 16 is additive manufacturing unit, 17 is on-machine measuring unit, 18 is actuating unit storehouse platform, 19 is actuating unit storehouse mounting platform, 20 is actuating unit storehouse longitudinal motion, 21 is actuating unit storehouse lateral motion direction. 22 is the original surface of the work, and 23 is the obtained surface of the work.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, embodiment one.
A large bridge gantry hybrid machine tool comprising: the machine tool comprises a foundation (1), a working corridor (2), a machine body (3), an X-axis feeding system (4), a cross beam (5), a Y-axis feeding system (8), a slide carriage (7), a square ram (11), a Z-axis feeding system (12), a C-axis feeding system, an A-axis feeding system, an executing mechanism interface (13) and an executing unit library (15), wherein the machine body (3) is arranged on the foundation (1), the working corridor (2) is arranged on two sides of the foundation (1), the X-axis feeding system (4) is arranged on the machine body (3), the cross beam (5) is arranged on the X-axis feeding system (4), the slide carriage (7) is arranged on the cross beam (5), the upper ram (11) and the Z-axis feeding system (12) are arranged on the slide carriage (7), the executing unit library (15) is arranged on the foundation (1), the X-axis feeding system (4), the Y-axis feeding system (8) and the Z-axis feeding system (12) are respectively connected with an X-axis motion drag chain (6), a Y-axis motion drag chain (9) and a Z-axis motion drag chain (10), the bottom of the square ram (11) is provided with the executing mechanism interface (13), and the executing mechanism (13) is connected with the square ram (11).
The execution unit library (15) comprises a material reduction manufacturing unit (14), an material addition manufacturing unit (16) and an on-machine measuring unit (17), and can be installed with the execution mechanism interface (13) according to the movement requirement of the mechanism, so that the processing requirement is met.
The execution unit library (15) comprises an execution unit library platform (18), an execution unit library mounting platform (19), an execution unit library longitudinal motion (20) and an execution unit library transverse motion direction (21), wherein the execution unit library platform (18) is provided with the execution unit library longitudinal motion (20) and the execution unit library transverse motion direction (21), and the execution unit library mounting platform (19) is arranged on the execution unit library longitudinal motion (20).
The machine tool body (3), the cross beam (5), the slide carriage (7) and the square ram (11) are installed by adopting Mihanna cast iron (welding parts can be used), the inner cavity of the casting is of a honeycomb type composite arrangement structure, and the inner cavity of the casting is subjected to ageing and secondary tempering treatment, so that residual internal stress is eliminated, the material is stable, and the stability of the machining precision of a workpiece and the service life of a machine tool are ensured.
The X-axis feeding system (4) is driven by a bevel gear and a rack capable of eliminating gaps, so that the requirement of high-precision movement is met; the Y-axis feeding system (8) is driven by a three-guide-rail structure with a central unloading function and by combining a bevel gear and a rack which can eliminate gaps, so that the movement requirements of different execution units are met; the Z-axis feeding system 12 () meets the motion requirements of different execution units by combining ball screws through 2 groups of linear guide rails or more.
The execution unit library (15) is an execution unit repository of a device. The interior includes an additive manufacturing unit, a measurement system unit, and other subtractive units. The device and the actuator interface can be installed and fixed in a contact way.
Embodiment two.
The method for processing by using the large bridge type gantry mixed processing machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the step of the operation of the execution unit of the additive manufacturing system: the screw pump is arranged in the spray head system of the material adding system, the driving of the screw pump is controlled by the servo motor, and the quantity and the speed of the sprayed droplets can be effectively controlled; the glue injection speed is dynamically closed-loop adjustable; the glue injection speed is uniformly controlled by a machine tool detection system, and the machine tool detection system detects the surface machining condition and compares the surface machining condition with a curved surface which is theoretically required; in the glue supplementing and spraying stage, when the detection result evaluates the convex-concave position of the surface of the product, software sends a glue injection speed changing signal, and when a glue injection system receives the signal, the glue injection speed is changed to finish the surface processing; starting from a machining starting point on the basis of machining the original molded surface (22), machining in a path planning range to obtain a material with a required size according to the path planning, and carrying out path up-regulation when the material meets the machining original molded surface (22) or the machining obtained surface (23); sequentially until a certain section of closed path is processed. Comparing the current machined obtained surface (23) with the machined original surface (22) for the unprocessed curved surface, and re-planning a path of the unprocessed part, so that further machining is performed through the additive manufacturing system unit;
the step of measuring the operation of the system execution unit: a laser ranging device is adopted to perform non-contact measurement on a processing surface, and the obtained data is used for generating a curved surface by adopting a digital technology, so that curved surface comparison is realized, and the processes of additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing are guided;
the operation of the execution unit of the cutting system comprises the following steps: in order to realize complex blade curved surface milling of a milling spindle of a machine tool, a high-precision five-axis milling head is arranged on a milling ram, 5-axis linkage can be realized in a Cartesian coordinate system, and smooth milling of a curved surface is satisfied; during five-axis numerical control machining, the ball end milling cutter is adopted, the adaptability is strong, the tool position planning is simple, any complex curved surface can be machined, the machining performance is poor, and the machining efficiency is low. When a flat and open curved surface is processed, a disc-shaped milling cutter can be adopted to carry out five-axis processing, so that not only can the cutting performance be improved, but also the processing efficiency can be improved; the pose of the annular milling cutter is adjusted, so that the enveloping curve surface of the cutter in the banded region near the track line of the cutter contact fully approximates to the theoretical design curve surface, and the processing bandwidth under the given precision is obviously improved; the large-diameter disc milling cutter is installed, and the processing efficiency is improved by more than 5 times based on an optimization algorithm under the conditions of the same cutting depth and the same feeding speed; for the curved surface with larger local curvature change, accurate machining is realized by automatically replacing the ball end milling cutter.
A large bridge type gantry mixed machining machine tool is based on additive manufacturing, material reduction manufacturing and on-machine measuring methods, an additive manufacturing unit, a material reduction manufacturing unit and an on-machine measuring unit are formed, a mixing mechanism unit is formed through mechanism integration, and novel machining equipment is developed by combining basic structural conditions of gantry machining equipment.
Additive manufacturing system execution unit operation: the screw pump is arranged in the spray head system of the material adding system, the driving of the screw pump is controlled by the servo motor, and the quantity and the speed of the sprayed droplets can be effectively controlled. The glue injection speed is dynamically closed-loop adjustable. The glue injection speed is uniformly controlled by a machine tool detection system, and the machine tool detection system detects the surface machining condition and compares the surface machining condition with a curved surface which is theoretically required. In the glue supplementing and spraying stage, when the detection result evaluates the convex-concave position of the surface of the product, software sends a glue injection speed changing signal, and when a glue injection system receives the signal, the glue injection speed is changed to finish the surface processing.
Measuring the running condition of an execution unit of the system: and a laser ranging device is adopted to perform non-contact measurement on the processing surface, and the obtained data is subjected to digital technology to generate a curved surface, so that curved surface comparison is realized, and the processes of additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing are guided.
Cutting system execution unit operation: in order to realize complex blade curved surface milling of a milling spindle of a machine tool, a high-precision five-axis milling head is arranged on a milling ram, 5-axis linkage can be realized in a Cartesian coordinate system, and smooth milling of a curved surface is realized.
See fig. 5, 6 and 7. Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an on-line measurement method using a reference distance according to the present invention. Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the present invention employing an on-line measurement method that is less than the reference distance (short distance).
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the present invention employing an on-line measurement method that is greater than the reference distance (long distance).
The laser ranging device is adopted, the semiconductor laser is used for carrying out non-contact measurement on the surface to be measured, the photosensitive element is used for obtaining reflected laser passing through the surface to be measured through the focusing lens, the reflected laser is compared with the reference distance to determine whether the reflected laser is larger or smaller than the reference distance, the obtained data is used for generating a curved surface by adopting a digital technology, and further, the curved surface comparison is realized, and the processes of additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing are guided.
During five-axis numerical control machining, the ball end milling cutter is adopted, the adaptability is strong, the tool position planning is simple, any complex curved surface can be machined, the machining performance is poor, and the machining efficiency is low. When the flat and open curved surface is processed, a disc milling cutter can be adopted to carry out five-axis processing, so that the cutting performance can be improved, and the processing efficiency can be improved. By adjusting the pose of the annular milling cutter, the enveloping curve of the cutter in the banded region near the cutter contact track line is enabled to be fully close to the theoretical design curve, so that the processing bandwidth under the given precision is remarkably improved. And a large-diameter disc milling cutter is installed, and the processing efficiency is improved by more than 5 times based on an optimization algorithm under the conditions of the same cutting depth and the same feeding speed. For the curved surface with larger local curvature change, accurate machining is realized by automatically replacing the ball end milling cutter.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical contents of the protection claims are all described in the claims.
Claims (1)
1. The method for processing by using the large bridge type gantry mixed processing machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the step of the operation of the execution unit of the additive manufacturing system: the screw pump is arranged in the spray head system of the material adding system, the driving of the screw pump is controlled by the servo motor, and the quantity and the speed of the sprayed droplets can be effectively controlled; the glue injection speed is dynamically closed-loop adjustable; the glue injection speed is uniformly controlled by a machine tool detection system, and the machine tool detection system detects the surface machining condition and compares the surface machining condition with a curved surface which is theoretically required; in the glue supplementing and spraying stage, when the detection result evaluates the convex-concave position of the surface of the product, software sends a glue injection speed changing signal, and when a glue injection system receives the signal, the glue injection speed is changed to finish the surface processing; starting from a machining starting point on the basis of machining the original molded surface (22), machining in a path planning range to obtain a material with a required size according to the path planning, and carrying out path up-regulation when the material meets the machining original molded surface (22) or the machining obtained surface (23); sequentially until a certain section of closed path is processed; comparing the current machined obtained surface (23) with the machined original surface (22) for the unprocessed curved surface, and re-planning a path of the unprocessed part, so that further machining is performed through the additive manufacturing system unit;
the step of measuring the operation of the system execution unit: a laser ranging device is adopted to perform non-contact measurement on a processing surface, and the obtained data is used for generating a curved surface by adopting a digital technology, so that curved surface comparison is realized, and the processes of additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing are guided;
the operation of the execution unit of the cutting system comprises the following steps: in order to realize complex blade curved surface milling of a milling spindle of a machine tool, a high-precision five-axis milling head is arranged on a milling ram, 5-axis linkage can be realized in a Cartesian coordinate system, and smooth milling of a curved surface is satisfied; when five-axis numerical control machining is performed, a ball end milling cutter is adopted, the adaptability is high, the tool position planning is simple, any complex curved surface can be machined, the machining performance is poor, and the machining efficiency is low; when a flat and open curved surface is processed, a disc-shaped milling cutter can be adopted to carry out five-axis processing, so that not only can the cutting performance be improved, but also the processing efficiency can be improved; the pose of the annular milling cutter is adjusted, so that the enveloping curve surface of the cutter in the banded region near the track line of the cutter contact fully approximates to the theoretical design curve surface, and the processing bandwidth under the given precision is obviously improved; the large-diameter disc milling cutter is installed, and the processing efficiency is improved by more than 5 times based on an optimization algorithm under the conditions of the same cutting depth and the same feeding speed; for a curved surface with larger local curvature change, accurate machining is realized by automatically replacing the ball end milling cutter;
the large bridge type gantry hybrid machining tool comprises: the machine tool comprises a foundation (1), a working corridor (2), a machine body (3), an X-axis feeding system (4), a cross beam (5), a Y-axis feeding system (8), a slide carriage (7), a square ram (11), a Z-axis feeding system (12), a C-axis feeding system, an A-axis feeding system, an executing mechanism interface (13) and an executing unit library (15), wherein the machine body (3) is arranged on the foundation (1), the working corridor (2) is arranged on two sides of the foundation (1), the X-axis feeding system (4) is arranged on the machine body (3), the cross beam (5) is arranged on the X-axis feeding system (4), the slide carriage (7) is arranged on the cross beam (5), the upper ram (11) and the Z-axis feeding system (12) are arranged on the slide carriage (7), the executing unit library (15) is arranged on the foundation (1), the X-axis feeding system (4), the Y-axis feeding system (8) and the Z-axis feeding system (12) are respectively connected with an X-axis motion drag chain (6), a Y-axis motion drag chain (9) and a Z-axis motion drag chain (10), the bottom of the square ram (11) is provided with the executing mechanism interface (13), and the executing mechanism (13) is connected with the C-axis feeding system (11);
the execution unit library (15) comprises a material reduction manufacturing unit (14), an material addition manufacturing unit (16) and an on-machine measuring unit (17), and can be installed with the execution mechanism interface (13) according to the movement requirement of the mechanism so as to meet the processing requirement;
the execution unit library (15) comprises an execution unit library platform (18), an execution unit library mounting platform (19), an execution unit library longitudinal motion (20) and an execution unit library transverse motion direction (21), wherein the execution unit library platform (18) is provided with the execution unit library longitudinal motion (20) and the execution unit library transverse motion direction (21), and the execution unit library mounting platform (19) is arranged on the execution unit library longitudinal motion (20); the lathe bed (3), the cross beam (5), the slide carriage (7) and the square ram (11) are installed by adopting Mihanna cast iron, the inner cavity of the casting is of a honeycomb type composite arrangement structure, and the inner cavity of the casting is subjected to aging and secondary tempering treatment, so that residual internal stress is eliminated, the material is stable, and the stability of the machining precision of a workpiece and the service life of a machine tool are ensured; the X-axis feeding system (4) is driven by a bevel gear and a rack capable of eliminating gaps, so that the requirement of high-precision movement is met; the Y-axis feeding system (8) is driven by a three-guide-rail structure with a central unloading function and by combining a bevel gear and a rack which can eliminate gaps, so that the movement requirements of different execution units are met; the Z-axis feeding system (12) meets the motion requirements of different execution units by combining ball screws through 2 groups of linear guide rails or more than 2 groups of linear guide rails; the execution unit library (15) is an execution unit storage library of the machine tool.
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