CN107211931B - Experimental device for research suitable hydrological condition of fish habitat - Google Patents
Experimental device for research suitable hydrological condition of fish habitat Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211931B CN107211931B CN201710614795.9A CN201710614795A CN107211931B CN 107211931 B CN107211931 B CN 107211931B CN 201710614795 A CN201710614795 A CN 201710614795A CN 107211931 B CN107211931 B CN 107211931B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 title description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for researching a fish habitat suitable for hydrological conditions, which comprises an outer wall, an energy dissipation pool, a habitat experimental area, a water pump and the like, wherein the fish habitat experimental area is a model core area. Set up the bottom plate of co-altitude not in the experimental area, construct notch cuttype fish habitat, realize the contrastive analysis of different water depth conditions, every layer of bottom plate sets up the substrate into four different grade types, is meadow, bare land, grit, cobble in proper order. The method is mainly used for analyzing the appropriate hydrological condition range and threshold value of the habitat of the fishes in the spawning period, controlling the upward tracking process of the fishes under different situations under the condition that other element conditions are consistent according to a single variable principle, recording the upward tracking migration passing condition of each river fish sample, and exploring the influence of water depth change on the fish migration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of research on river ecological water demand, in particular to an experimental device for researching a suitable hydrological condition of a fish habitat.
Background
With the increasingly deep cognition of ecological restoration and species diversity protection, research on ecological water demand based on biological demand is receiving wide attention. The research on the behavior characteristics of fishes is the basic work of river ecological water demand research, but at the beginning stage of China, the existing research is basically focused on field observation, the position of a spawning site is estimated mostly by adopting a fish egg catching mode, and the preferences of the fish spawning water depth, flow velocity, substrate conditions and the like are judged by combining hydrological observation data. And the indoor experimental design mainly aims at the fish swimming ability test, namely comparing the fish traceability at different flow rates. Generally, a single fishway is adopted in the indoor test setting, different flow speed conditions are created by adjusting the water inlet flow and the bottom plate gradient of a water tank model, the swimming capability and the behavior of the fishes are researched, and among the influence factors of the behavior characteristics of the fishes, the water depth, the bottom quality and the like are also important factors for the preference selection of the inhabitation of the fishes. On the whole, the habitat suitability hydrological condition is one of the most important influence factors in the natural fish breeding process, the research progress of the habitat suitability hydrological condition is far incapable of supporting the research work of the ecological water demand, and when the ecological water demand is calculated based on the physical habitat simulation theory at the present stage, the habitat suitability value of representative fishes is usually determined according to the subjective judgment of researchers, so that the accuracy of the result is influenced to a certain extent. If the experimental device can be combined with a simulated habitat experimental device, relevant experiments of the fish habitat suitable for hydrological condition research under controllable conditions are developed, the suitable range of the target species for inhabitation and spawning is judged, and the suitability curve of each hydrological element is drawn according to the suitable range, so that important data support is provided for river ecological hydraulics simulation and ecological water demand process research.
In China, experimental research aiming at the hydrological conditions suitable for fish inhabitation and spawning tends to be blank at the present stage, while research aiming at the migration characteristic of the fishes mainly focuses on the swimming capability test of the fishes designed for a fishway, but a single-water-tank model experiment lacks visual contrast reference and cannot strictly realize single-factor variable research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device for researching the suitable hydrological conditions of a fish habitat. A step-type fish habitat model is constructed, an indoor experiment of correlation between the habitat preference of parent fishes in the spawning period and each hydrological factor under a controllable condition is developed, and basic data are provided for river ecological hydraulics simulation and ecological water demand process research.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the technical scheme specifically comprises the following steps:
the utility model provides an experimental apparatus for research suitable hydrological condition of fish habitat, including water pump 1, outer wall 2, energy dissipation pool buffer 7, conduit 9 and fish habitat experimental area, wherein the fish habitat experimental area is the model core region, for realizing the contrast of each hydrological element under controllable condition, set up the bottom plate of co-altitude not in the fish habitat experimental area, construct notch cuttype fish habitat, realize the contrastive analysis of different water depth conditions, it sets up energy dissipation pool buffer 7 that the bottom plate elevation is 0 to go into water inlet department at the upstream, every layer of bottom plate sets up the substrate into four different grade types, be meadow 3 in proper order, bare land 4, grit 5, pebble 6.
Further, the heights of the bottom plates are 0m, 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m and 1m from downstream to upstream in sequence, and the length of each step is 16m and the width of each step is 3 m.
Further, the width of the energy dissipation pool buffer zone 7 is 0.5 m.
Further, the fish habitat experimental area is composed of 24 small areas of 4m by 3 m.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the defects of related research at home and abroad, the invention mainly aims at the appropriate hydrological condition range and threshold value analysis of fish habitat in the egg-laying period, controls the upstream process of fishes under different situations under the condition that other element conditions are consistent according to a single variable principle, records the passing condition of upstream migration of each river fish sample, and explores the influence of water depth change on the fish migration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a product of an experimental apparatus for studying suitable hydrological conditions of a fish habitat according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an experimental apparatus for studying suitable hydrological conditions of fish habitats according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, an experimental apparatus for studying suitable hydrological conditions of a fish habitat comprises a water pump 1, an outer wall 2, an energy dissipation pool buffer zone 7, a water pipeline 9 and a fish habitat experimental zone, wherein the fish habitat experimental zone is a model core area, in order to realize comparison of hydrological elements under controllable conditions, bottom plates with different heights are arranged in the fish habitat experimental zone, stepped fish habitats are constructed, and comparative analysis of different water depth conditions is realized, the heights of the bottom plates are 0m, 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m and 1m from downstream to upstream in sequence, the length of each step is 16m, and the width of each step is 3 m. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the water from directly leaking into the river channel to cause water flow disorder, an energy dissipation pool buffer zone 7 with the bottom plate height of 0 is arranged at the upstream water inlet, and the width of the energy dissipation pool buffer zone is 0.5 m. To compare the preferences of the target fish for different substrate conditions, each layer of substrate is provided with four different types of substrate, in turn, grass 3, bare land 4, sand 5, pebbles 6. Therefore, the whole fish habitat experimental area is composed of 24 small areas of 4m by 3m, each small area has different water depths or substrate conditions, after water is injected into the experimental area, a water pump is used for extracting water to construct a stable water flow environment, the habitat preference and spawning condition selection of target fishes are continuously observed, a fish activity track heat point diagram is drawn, and the suitable water depth and substrate conditions of the target fish habitat are analyzed. Meanwhile, an oxygen exposure device is combined to change the oxygen content in water and compare and analyze the reproductive activity of the target fishes under different dissolved oxygen conditions; further change the velocity of flow through the water pump, through observing the fish activity orbit under the different velocities of flow, study velocity of flow influence scope and threshold value.
In the specific application process of the experimental device for researching the fish habitat suitable for the hydrological conditions, the water pump is closed in the initial state, water is filled into the experimental device, the water filling is stopped when the water level in the river channel is stabilized to be about 1.2m, and different water depths ranging from 0.2m to 1.2m are formed in the stepped experimental area. And starting the water pump to pump downstream water into the upstream energy dissipation pool, and enabling the upstream water and the downstream water to form a water level difference to promote the water flow to circularly flow. The flow rate in the experimental area can be stabilized at about 0.1m/s through the flow controller of the water pump, and the oxygen aeration device is adjusted to ensure that the oxygen content in the experimental area meets the survival requirement of the fishes. Further adjusting the water temperature and other hydrochemical conditions, creating a proper living environment for the target fish and ensuring the survival of the fish, on the basis, putting the cultured mature parent fish into a river channel, observing the activity track of the fish in the torrential spawning period, dividing the whole test area into nine parts according to the conditions of the water depth and the bottom, recording the quantity of the fish in each part every three hours, and continuously observing for seven days. Similarly, the whole water level of the experimental area is changed to 1.1m, water depth distribution of 0.1-1.1m is formed, and the experimental steps are repeated. Based on the test result, a fish activity track heat point diagram is drawn, the inhabitation preference and spawning condition selection of the target fish are observed, the suitable water depth and substrate conditions of the target fish habitat are analyzed, and on the basis, a fish habitat suitability curve of each hydrological element is constructed, so that important data support is provided for developing river ecological hydraulics simulation and ecological water demand process research.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An experimental device for researching suitable hydrological conditions of a fish habitat is characterized by comprising a water pump (1), an outer wall (2), an energy dissipation pool buffer area (7), a water conveying pipeline (9) and a fish habitat experimental area, wherein the fish habitat experimental area is a model core area, bottom plates with different heights are arranged in the fish habitat experimental area to construct a ladder type fish habitat and realize contrastive analysis of different water depth conditions, the energy dissipation pool buffer area (7) with the bottom plate height of 0 is arranged at an upstream water inlet, and four different types of bottom materials are arranged on each bottom plate, namely a grassland (3), a bare land (4), gravels (5) and pebbles (6) in sequence;
the heights of the bottom plates are 0m, 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m and 1m from downstream to upstream in sequence, the length of each step is 16m, and the width of each step is 3 m;
the width of the energy dissipation pool buffer area (7) is 0.5m, and the energy dissipation pool buffer area is directly adjacent to the upstream of the fish habitat experimental area;
the fish habitat experimental area consists of 24 small areas of 4m by 3 m;
the water conveying pipeline (9) is connected with the water pump (1) and the energy dissipation pool buffer area (7) so that the experimental device forms a closed water circulation system;
the water pump (1) is arranged at the downstream of the experimental area of the fish habitat.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710614795.9A CN107211931B (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Experimental device for research suitable hydrological condition of fish habitat |
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| CN201710614795.9A CN107211931B (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Experimental device for research suitable hydrological condition of fish habitat |
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| CN107211931A CN107211931A (en) | 2017-09-29 |
| CN107211931B true CN107211931B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112753623B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-03-29 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Experimental device and testing method for brave and exploration behaviors of fishes |
| CN114680071B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-02-17 | 西华师范大学 | Experimental device for research suitable hydrological condition of fish habitat |
| CN117237162A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-12-15 | 重庆交通大学 | Mountain river habitat functional unit division method based on fish ecological behaviours |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6499431B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2002-12-31 | Formosa High-Tech Aquaculture, Inc. | Indoor automatic aquaculture system |
| CN102592044A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-18 | 北京师范大学 | Method for determining habitat suitability |
| CN103461232A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Testing device and testing method for testing environmental preference behavior of fish |
| CN104088260A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Multistage assisted-driving type ecological fishway facility and operation method thereof |
| CN204626352U (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-09-09 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of anti-step absorption basin |
| CN204959679U (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2016-01-13 | 河海大学 | Fishway experimental apparatus |
| CN106087906A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 罗富强 | A kind of ecological dam with fish migration passage |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105780716B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-09-15 | 三峡大学 | A kind of fish pass experimental provision and its operation method |
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- 2017-07-25 CN CN201710614795.9A patent/CN107211931B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6499431B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2002-12-31 | Formosa High-Tech Aquaculture, Inc. | Indoor automatic aquaculture system |
| CN102592044A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-18 | 北京师范大学 | Method for determining habitat suitability |
| CN103461232A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Testing device and testing method for testing environmental preference behavior of fish |
| CN104088260A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Multistage assisted-driving type ecological fishway facility and operation method thereof |
| CN204626352U (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-09-09 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of anti-step absorption basin |
| CN204959679U (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2016-01-13 | 河海大学 | Fishway experimental apparatus |
| CN106087906A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 罗富强 | A kind of ecological dam with fish migration passage |
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