CN107205207A - A kind of approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN107205207A CN107205207A CN201710347629.7A CN201710347629A CN107205207A CN 107205207 A CN107205207 A CN 107205207A CN 201710347629 A CN201710347629 A CN 201710347629A CN 107205207 A CN107205207 A CN 107205207A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
- H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
- H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
- H04S7/303—Tracking of listener position or orientation
- H04S7/304—For headphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
- H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
- H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
- H04S2420/01—Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic, including step：Determine the chaotic cone longitudinal section residing for destination virtual acoustic image and the intersecting point coordinate of horizontal plane；The ears head-position difficult labor HRTF of point of intersection is chosen, the ears time difference is calculated；On middle vertical plane, it is determined that with dimensional orientation of the target acoustic image with the elevation angle, replace target acoustic image orientation HRTF amplitude spectrum with the HRTF amplitude spectrums in the orientation；The ears HRTF amplitude spectrums in target acoustic image orientation and ears time difference are synthesized, target acoustic image orientation HRTF approximation is obtained；Unipath signal and target acoustic image orientation HRTF are subjected to time-domain process of convolution or equivalently frequency filtering is handled, the ears virtual sound signal synthesized is output to earphone and reset.The quantity of the HRTF of the invention for effectively reducing required storage, mitigates the burden of virtual sound image playback system, is particularly suitable for use in the sound reproduction of various hand-held playback equipments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D virtual sound technologies field, and in particular to a kind of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic is approximately obtained
Method is taken, it is generated as the virtual sound image for meeting individual auditory properties.
Background technology
For the perception acoustic image that real sources are produced, virtual sound image refers to the method by signal transacting, simulated sound
Physical propagation process of the ripple from sound source to ears, so that the perception acoustic image that hearer produces.Virtual sound image technology is often only needed to
One set of headphones, the dependence to playback hardware device is small, therefore in three-dimensional (3D) TV, film and virtual reality (virtual
Reality, VR) field such as technology has larger application prospect.Head-position difficult labor (head-related transfer
Function, HRTF) it is the core that virtual sound image is synthesized；It characterizes sound wave into the communication process of ear, Human Physiology device
Effect of the official (mainly head) to sound wave, including the physical phenomenon such as diffraction, reflection.Identical with true acoustic image, virtual sound image can
With the arbitrary orientation of the three dimensions around hearer.In order to synthesize the virtual sound image of arbitrary orientation, it usually needs in computer
Substantial amounts of HRTF data are stored in hardware device Deng resetting, each of which is specific empty to HRTF (left and right ear) correspondences one
Between orientation.On the other hand, HRTF is relevant with the physiology and appearance of hearer, the HRTF and head hearer less than normal of such as head hearer bigger than normal
HRTF have differences.It can be seen that, HRTF is a personalized function varied with each individual.There are some researches show true to nature in order to obtain
Virtual sound image perceived effect, it is necessary to using hearer oneself personalized HRTF data carry out virtual sound image synthesis.It is contemplated that
If a set of virtual sound image playback system there are 100 potential users (i.e. hearer), storage 100 groups is accomplished by principle
Property HRTF data, and every group of data include all possible dimensional orientation.It can be seen that, in order to realize any dimensional orientation, high-quality
The replaying effect of virtual sound image is measured, the HRTF data volumes prestored in hardware device is reset are very huge.Therefore have
Necessity uses appropriate data reduction and compression method, reduces the amount of storage of HRTF data, mitigates to the hard of all kinds of reproducing devices
Part demand.
The content of the invention
The present invention is that the amount of storage for solving the problems, such as HRTF in above-mentioned existing Virtual Sound playback is based on middle vertical plane there is provided one kind
The approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image of characteristic.Invention make use of middle vertical plane HRTF similar with chaotic cone longitudinal section HRTF amplitude spectrum
Property, and the chaotic ears time difference identical characteristic for boring upper arbitrary orientation；Only need to the HRTF of known middle vertical plane and horizontal plane
Data, it is possible to approximately obtain the HRTF of any dimensional orientation, so as to realize the synthesis and again of any dimensional orientation virtual sound image
Put.The present invention is effectively reduced the HRTF stored needed for virtual sound image synthesis quantity, mitigates virtual sound image playback system
Burden.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, determine the chaotic cone longitudinal section residing for destination virtual acoustic image and the intersecting point coordinate of horizontal plane；
Step 2, the ears head-position difficult labor HRTF for choosing point of intersection, calculate the ears time difference；
Step 3, on middle vertical plane, it is determined that with dimensional orientation of the target acoustic image with the elevation angle, with the HRTF amplitude spectrums in the orientation
Instead of target acoustic image orientation HRTF amplitude spectrum；
Step 4, according to minimum phase approximation method, by the ears HRTF amplitude spectrums in target acoustic image orientation and ears time difference
Synthesized, obtain target acoustic image orientation HRTF approximation；
Step 5, unipath signal and target acoustic image orientation HRTF are carried out to time-domain process of convolution or equivalently frequency domain
Filtering process, the ears virtual sound signal synthesized, is output to earphone and is reset.
Further, ears polar coordinate system is set up using the midpoint of ears line as the origin of coordinates in the step 1；It is logical
Often, it is necessary to using characterized one specific acoustic image orientation of angle and distance, it is contemplated that far field HRTF of the present invention and
Apart from unrelated, therefore a specific acoustic image orientation only needs crab angle θ and elevation angle φ to characterize, and -90 ° of the crab angle≤θ≤
Direction vector and the angle of middle vertical plane that 90 ° of representation space acoustic images are constituted with origin；And -90 ° of the elevation angle≤φ≤270 ° represent empty
Between acoustic image in the projection of middle vertical plane and the angle of horizontal plane.
Further, in the step 1, it is assumed that destination virtual acoustic image is in spatial point (θ, φ), then it determines one
Crab angle is bored for the chaotic of θ；The dimensional orientation of virtual sound image is crossed, a chaotic cone longitudinal section parallel to middle vertical plane is done, hands over water
Plane is in point (θ, φ=0 °).
Further, the step 2 is specifically included：
Step 201, the result according to step 1, extract horizontal plane (θ, φ=0 °) ears from known HRTF databases
HRTF time numeric field data, i.e. hLAnd hR；
Step 202, by hLAnd hRFormula (1) is substituted into, both coefficient correlations are calculated：
Wherein | τ |≤1ms (1)
Step 203, formula (1) coefficient correlation C is taken to reach τ corresponding during maximummaxFor the ears time difference.Due to mixed
Disorderly the ears time difference of the upper each point of cone is the same, so the ears time difference τ that formula (1) is obtainedmaxAs at destination virtual acoustic image
The ears time difference.
Further, the known HRTF databases, some use ears polar coordinate system (θ, φ), and for example the U.S. adds profit
Fu Niya universities Davis branch school CIPIC databases；And some use spherical coordinate system clockwise (θ ', φ '), such as China of China
Southern Polytechnics's sample of Chinese HRTF databases, Massachusetts Institute Technology's MIT HRTF databases.The ball clockwise is sat
Mark system (θ ', φ ') is converted to ears polar coordinate system (θ, φ) by following formula (2)：
Further, specifically included in step 3：
Assuming that destination virtual acoustic image be in spatial point (θ, φ), then on middle vertical plane and target acoustic image with the elevation angle dimensional orientation
For (θ=0 °, φ)；Then the ears HRTF of middle vertical plane (θ=0 °, φ) is extracted from known HRTF databases, by its amplitude spectrum
(i.e. | H(L,median)|、|H(R,median)|) it is used as the amplitude spectrum of HRTF at destination virtual acoustic image.
Further, it is approximate according to minimum phase in the step 4, by the ears HRTF amplitude spectrums in target acoustic image orientation
Synthesized with the ears time difference, formula is：
Wherein t0For the time delay of sound source to ears, it can be set according to application scenarios.
The present invention principle be：Confusion cone is defined as the curved surface being made up of to the range difference of ears the point of constant, therefore
The time difference (i.e. ears time difference) for arriving ears on confusion cone a little is identical.Because target acoustic image orientation determines one
Individual chaotic cone longitudinal section, therefore the ears time difference of confusion cone longitudinal section and horizontal plane intersection point can be calculated, and then obtain mesh
Mark the ears time difference in acoustic image orientation.On the other hand, HRTF amplitudes spectrum signature is originating from incident acoustic wave and physiological structure (including head
Portion and auricle etc.) interaction.When sound source from middle vertical plane (i.e. front) gradually to during laterally offset, sound wave incident angle will occur
Change, but its physical process substantially is still similar, therefore middle vertical plane HRTF and confusion bore longitudinal section HRTF amplitude spectrum
With higher similitude.In view of the resolution capability that human ear is limited, it can approximately replace mixed using middle vertical plane HRTF amplitude spectrums
Longitudinal section HRTF amplitude spectrum is disorderly bored, without causing sense of hearing error.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
1. the present invention only needs to the HRTF data of known middle vertical plane and horizontal plane, it is possible to approximately obtain any dimensional orientation
HRTF, so as to realize the synthesis and playback of any dimensional orientation virtual sound image.
2. the present invention is effectively reduced the HRTF stored needed for virtual sound image synthesis quantity, mitigates virtual sound image and reset
The burden of system.
3. the software that the present invention can be worked out using algorithmic language is realized on multimedia computer, it would however also be possible to employ general letter
Number process chip (DSP hardware) circuit or special integrated circuit are realized, include intelligent hand for various portable playback devices
Sound reproduction in terms of machine, virtual reality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is dimensional orientation schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the signal flow graph of the multimedia computer realization of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the claimed scope of the invention is not limited to implement
The scope that example is represented.
Fig. 1 is a kind of functional-block diagram of the approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic of the present invention.It
Make use of middle vertical plane HRTF and chaotic cone longitudinal section HRTF amplitude spectrum similitude, and the upper arbitrary orientation of chaotic cone ears when
Between poor identical characteristic；Only need to the HRTF data of known middle vertical plane and horizontal plane, it is possible to approximately obtain any dimensional orientation
HRTF, so as to realize the synthesis and playback of any dimensional orientation virtual sound image.The present invention is effectively reduced virtual sound image synthesis
Needed for the HRTF quantity that stores, mitigate the burden of virtual sound image playback system.
A kind of approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, determine the chaotic cone longitudinal section residing for destination virtual acoustic image and the intersecting point coordinate of horizontal plane；
Step 2, the ears head-position difficult labor HRTF for choosing point of intersection, calculate the ears time difference；
Step 3, on middle vertical plane, it is determined that with dimensional orientation of the target acoustic image with the elevation angle, with the HRTF amplitude spectrums in the orientation
Instead of target acoustic image orientation HRTF amplitude spectrum；
Step 4, according to minimum phase approximation method, by the ears HRTF amplitude spectrums in target acoustic image orientation and ears time difference
Synthesized, obtain target acoustic image orientation HRTF approximation；
Step 5, unipath signal and target acoustic image orientation HRTF are carried out to time-domain process of convolution or equivalently frequency domain
Filtering process, the ears virtual sound signal synthesized, is output to earphone and is reset.
Specifically, ears polar coordinate system is set up using the midpoint of ears line as the origin of coordinates in the step 1；It is logical
Often, it is necessary to using characterized one specific acoustic image orientation of angle and distance, it is contemplated that far field HRTF of the present invention and
Apart from unrelated, therefore a specific acoustic image orientation only needs crab angle θ and elevation angle φ to characterize, and -90 ° of the crab angle≤θ≤
Direction vector and the angle of middle vertical plane that 90 ° of representation space acoustic images are constituted with origin；And -90 ° of the elevation angle≤φ≤270 ° represent empty
Between acoustic image in the projection of middle vertical plane and the angle of horizontal plane.
Specifically, in the step 1, it is assumed that destination virtual acoustic image is in spatial point (θ, φ), then it determines one
Crab angle is bored for the chaotic of θ；The dimensional orientation of virtual sound image is crossed, a chaotic cone longitudinal section parallel to middle vertical plane is done, hands over water
Plane is in point (θ, φ=0 °).
Specifically, the step 2 is specifically included：
Step 201, the result according to step 1, extract horizontal plane (θ, φ=0 °) ears from known HRTF databases
HRTF time numeric field data, i.e. hLAnd hR；
Step 202, by hLAnd hRFormula (1) is substituted into, both coefficient correlations are calculated：
Wherein | τ |≤1ms (1)
Step 203, formula (1) coefficient correlation C is taken to reach τ corresponding during maximummaxFor the ears time difference.Due to mixed
Disorderly the ears time difference of the upper each point of cone is the same, so the ears time difference τ that formula (1) is obtainedmaxAs at destination virtual acoustic image
The ears time difference.
Specifically, in the known HRTF databases, some use ears polar coordinate system (θ, φ), and for example the U.S. adds
Li Funiya universities Davis branch school CIPIC databases；It is and some use spherical coordinate system clockwise (θ ', φ '), such as Chinese
South China Science ＆ Engineering University's sample of Chinese HRTF databases, Massachusetts Institute Technology's MIT HRTF databases.Spherical coordinates clockwise
System (θ ', φ ') can be converted to ears polar coordinate system (θ, φ) by following formula (2)：
θ=arcsin (sin θ ' × cos φ ')； (2)
Specifically, in step 3, it is assumed that destination virtual acoustic image is in spatial point (θ, φ), then on middle vertical plane and target sound
As the dimensional orientation with the elevation angle is (θ=0 °, φ), the double of middle vertical plane (θ=0 °, φ) are then extracted from known HRTF databases
Ear HRTF, by its amplitude spectrum (i.e. | H(L,median)|、|H(R,median)|) it is used as the amplitude spectrum of HRTF at destination virtual acoustic image.
Specifically, it is approximate according to minimum phase in step 4, by the ears HRTF amplitude spectrums in target acoustic image orientation and double
The ear time difference is synthesized, and formula is：
Wherein t0For the time delay of sound source to ears, it can be set according to application scenarios.
Fig. 2 is dimensional orientation schematic diagram of the present invention.In figure, xyz characterizes three dimensions, and zy characterizes middle vertical plane, xy
Representation Level face, a points represent the origin of coordinates, and c points represent destination virtual acoustic image orientation.In left figure, c points and a points are together decided on
One chaotic cone by summit of a, ab is the perpendicular bisector of cone；Further, c points are crossed and do chaotic cone longitudinal section, hand over horizontal plane in
Point d.In right figure, the destination virtual acoustic image c elevation angle be e points on ∠ cbd, middle vertical plane be and target acoustic image with the elevation angle space side
, there are ∠ eaf=∠ cbd position.In the present invention, using e HRTF amplitude spectrums as destination virtual acoustic image c HRTF amplitude spectrums；Together
When, using d the ears time difference as destination virtual acoustic image c the ears time difference.
Fig. 3 is the signal flow graph of the multimedia computer realization of the embodiment of the present invention., it is necessary to close in actual application
Into virtual sound image orientation may more than one, can repeatedly using the present invention method carry out destination virtual acoustic image one by one
HRTF acquisition.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to the present invention
Embodiment restriction.For those of ordinary skill in the field, it can also make on the basis of the above description
Other various forms of changes or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within spirit and principle etc., should be included in the protection of the claims in the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of approximate acquisition methods of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, determine the chaotic cone longitudinal section residing for destination virtual acoustic image and the intersecting point coordinate of horizontal plane；
Step 2, the ears head-position difficult labor HRTF for choosing point of intersection, calculate the ears time difference；
Step 3, on middle vertical plane, it is determined that with dimensional orientation of the target acoustic image with the elevation angle, replaced with the HRTF amplitude spectrums in the orientation
Target acoustic image orientation HRTF amplitude spectrum；
Step 4, according to minimum phase approximation method, the ears HRTF amplitude spectrums in target acoustic image orientation and ears time difference are carried out
Synthesis, obtains target acoustic image orientation HRTF approximation；
Step 5, unipath signal and target acoustic image orientation HRTF are carried out to time-domain process of convolution or equivalently frequency filtering
Processing, the ears virtual sound signal synthesized is output to earphone and reset.
2. the approximate acquisition methods of a kind of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Institute
State in step 1 using the midpoint of ears line as the origin of coordinates, set up ears polar coordinate system；It is often necessary to using angle and away from
From characterized one specific acoustic image orientation, it is contemplated that far field HRTF of the present invention with apart from unrelated, a therefore spy
Fixed acoustic image orientation only needs crab angle θ and elevation angle φ to characterize, -90 ° of the crab angle≤θ≤90 ° representation space acoustic image and origin
The direction vector of composition and the angle of middle vertical plane；And -90 ° of the elevation angle≤φ≤270 ° representation space acoustic image is in the projection of middle vertical plane
With the angle of horizontal plane.
3. the approximate acquisition methods of a kind of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Institute
State in step 1, it is assumed that destination virtual acoustic image is in spatial point (θ, φ), then it determines chaotic cone of the crab angle for θ；Cross
The dimensional orientation of virtual sound image, does a chaotic cone longitudinal section parallel to middle vertical plane, hands over horizontal plane in point (θ, φ=0 °).
4. the approximate acquisition methods of a kind of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The step 2 is specifically included：
Step 201, the result according to step 1, extract horizontal plane (θ, φ=0 °) ears HRTF's from known HRTF databases
Time numeric field data, i.e. hLAnd hR；
Step 202, by hLAnd hRFormula (1) is substituted into, both coefficient correlations are calculated：
Wherein | τ |≤1ms (1)
Step 203, formula (1) coefficient correlation C is taken to reach τ corresponding during maximummaxFor the ears time difference.
5. the approximate acquisition methods of a kind of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic according to claim 4, it is characterized in that：Institute
State known HRTF databases, some use ears polar coordinate system (θ, φ), and some using spherical coordinate system clockwise (θ ',
φ '), the spherical coordinate system (θ ', φ ') clockwise is converted to ears polar coordinate system (θ, φ) by formula (2)：
。
6. the approximate acquisition methods of a kind of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step
Specifically included in rapid 3：
Assuming that destination virtual acoustic image be in spatial point (θ, φ), then on middle vertical plane and target acoustic image with the elevation angle dimensional orientation be (θ
=0 °, φ)；Then the ears HRTF of middle vertical plane (θ=0 °, φ) is extracted from known HRTF databases, by its amplitude spectrum |
H(L,median)|、|H(R,median)| it is used as the amplitude spectrum of HRTF at destination virtual acoustic image.
7. the approximate acquisition methods of a kind of virtual sound image based on middle vertical plane characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Institute
State in step 4, it is approximate according to minimum phase, the ears HRTF amplitude spectrums in target acoustic image orientation and ears time difference are closed
Into formula is：
Wherein t0For the time delay of sound source to ears, it can be set according to application scenarios.
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| CN108616789A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-10-02 | 北京理工大学 | The individualized virtual voice reproducing method measured in real time based on ears |
| CN109068262A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉大学 | A kind of acoustic image personalization replay method and device based on loudspeaker |
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| CN110166927A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉大学 | One kind is based on the modified virtual sound image method for reconstructing of positioning |
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| CN108154180A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-12 | 内蒙古科技大学 | The selection method and device of personalized head transfer functions |
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| CN109637550A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of sound source elevation angle control method and system |
| CN110166927A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉大学 | One kind is based on the modified virtual sound image method for reconstructing of positioning |
| CN110933589A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-27 | 广州市迪士普音响科技有限公司 | Earphone signal feeding method for conference |
| CN113038356A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-06-25 | 上海航空电器有限公司 | Personalized HRTF rapid modeling acquisition method |
| CN111246345A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-06-05 | 华南理工大学 | Method and device for real-time virtual reproduction of remote sound field |
| CN111246345B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-09-21 | 华南理工大学 | Method and device for real-time virtual reproduction of remote sound field |
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