CN107196316A - Multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in active distribution network - Google Patents
Multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in active distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- CN107196316A CN107196316A CN201710475103.7A CN201710475103A CN107196316A CN 107196316 A CN107196316 A CN 107196316A CN 201710475103 A CN201710475103 A CN 201710475103A CN 107196316 A CN107196316 A CN 107196316A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1828—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepwise control, the possibility of switching in or out the entire compensating arrangement not being considered as stepwise control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in a kind of active distribution network, the control method is classified to the pressure regulation resource in active distribution network, perform level Four pressure regulation successively from low to high, and judge whether whole network voltage level is qualified after every grade of pressure regulation, when the whole network voltage level is qualified, without next stage pressure regulation, the level Four pressure regulation be specially using distributed photovoltaic power, photovoltaic plant is idle exerts oneself, tradition VQC devices and photovoltaic plant active power output realize power system one, two, three, four pressure regulation.Compared with prior art, the present invention takes full advantage of the pressure regulation resource disperseed in active distribution network, has the advantages that effectively to reduce VQC device actions number of times, improves distribution network voltage level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric distribution network reactive-voltage control field, distributed power source reactive voltage in power distribution network is directed primarily to
Control strategy and active distribution network layering reactive power/voltage control research on the spot, more particularly, to multistage nothing in a kind of active distribution network
Work(voltage control method for coordinating.
Background technology
As the growth of power system load demand, environmental protection problem are increasingly serious, utilize clean reproducible energy real
Existing distributed power generation turns into the main trend of power network development.Distributed power source (Distribution Generation, DG)
On the one hand access realizes the in-situ balancing of energy, reduces the loss that long distance powedr transmission is brought, DG's is a large amount of but then
Access changes the method for operation of original power distribution network, voltage out-of-limit problem turn into influence power network safety operation it is crucial because
Element, traditional voltage regulating mode is difficult to meet line voltage service requirement.To adapt to high permeability DG accesses, it is ensured that system voltage matter
Amount, active distribution network (Active Distribution Network, ADN) reactive power/voltage control technology turns into a kind of important hand
Section.
Many scholars have made intensive studies overvoltage phenomenon caused by largely being accessed for distributed power source.Document
" calculating of the lower maximum allowable access peaking capacity of distributed photovoltaic power of overvoltage limitation " (Fan Yuanliang, Zhao Bo, Jiang Quanyuan wait
Automation of Electric Systems, 2012,36 (17)：40-44) by being made rational planning for grid-connected DG positions, capacity, to improve distribution
Power supply permeability；Document " Advanced voltage regulation method of power distribution
systems interconnected with dispersed storage and generation systems”(Choi J
H,Kim J C.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2001,16(2):329-334) become by adjusting
Depressor tap is to tackle the voltage pulsation caused by DG accesses, but DG fluctuations are frequently and rapid, merely by transformer tap
Head pressure regulation limited ability.Much researched and proposed by carrying out concentration coordination optimization to network pressure regulation resource, to tackle dependence for this
The problem of traditional regulator is not enough.Research (Yang Suqin, the Luo Nian of Document metrology formula power grid Dynamic reactive power optimization scheduling
China, Han Nian Hangzhoupro electric power system protection and controls, 2013,41 (17):122-126) consider the spy of different distributions formula power supply type
Point, and combine traditional pressure regulation means --- load tap changer and reactive-load compensation equipment etc. realize that reactive voltage is concentrated and coordinate control
System.Document " Aspect of voltage stability and reactive power support in active
distribution”(Majumder R.IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2014,8(3):
442-450) coordinate control guarantee line voltage distribution by DG, DSTATCOM, OLTC in power network and capacitor bank concentrate
Level.Document " the power distribution network synthesis idle work optimization based on a variety of active management strategies " (Xing Haijun, Cheng Haozhong, an ease power network skill
Art, 2015,39 (6)：1504-1510) establish active distribution network and integrate idle work optimization model, it is contemplated that capacitor, transformer
On-load voltage regulation, distributed power source Reactive-power control, Distribution Networks Reconfiguration, while meter and various idle work optimization strategies are born to power distribution network
Face effect, adds the order of priority of various optimisation strategies in a model, and system is alleviated to a certain extent and integrates pressure regulation pressure.
But if DG is more in network, these measures will have higher requirements to system coordination ability." actively match somebody with somebody for this document
Reactive voltage control method is summarized under power network background " (Chen Xu, Zhang Yongjun is yellow to quick Automation of Electric Systems, 2016 (1)：
The reactive voltage control method of active distribution network 143-151) is summarized in terms of centralized Control and decentralised control two, and is pointed out
Influence of the factor such as dsm and topological structure to reactive voltage characteristic in active distribution network.Document " Generators
connected to the low-voltage distribution network-Technical requirements for
the connection to and parallel operation with low-voltage distribution
Power distribution network is divided into autonomous control region and coordinates control area by networks ", carries out top-down active distribution network voltage
Hierarchical coordinative control strategy, it is to avoid the problem of centralized Control computing dimension is big.These strategies do not provide DG and specifically controlled
Strategy.Document " analysis of the lower voltage out-of-limit problem of high density distributed photovoltaic access and countermeasure " (Wang Ying, Wen Fushuan, Zhao Bo,
Deng Proceedings of the CSEEs, 2016,36 (5)：1200-1206) propose according to grid entry point voltage level, distributed power source
The control strategy on the spot for determining power factor controlling pattern and voltage mode control is respectively adopted.
German the Institution of Electrical Engineers proposes four for grid-connected photovoltaic (Photovoltaic, PV) reactive power/voltage control problem
Plant the idle control strategy of inverter：Permanent reactive power Q control, constant power factorControl, based on photovoltaic active power outputControl and Q (U) control strategy based on grid entry point voltage magnitude.Wherein permanent reactive power Q control refers to photovoltaic maintenance
Invariable reactive power operation, this control strategy universality is poor.Constant power factor control refers to power of the photovoltaic according to setting
Factor access operation, general setting=0.95 or 0.98, this control strategy is difficult to ensure that idle input effect.Based on grid entry point electricity
Q (U) control strategy of pressure amplitude value refers to grid entry point voltage change of the idle output valve of photovoltaic according only to photovoltaic, although ensure that idle
Input effect but to be likely to occur photovoltaic capacity out-of-limit, or the underproof result of grid-connected power factor.Based on photovoltaic active power output
'sControl, the value for referring to power factor is related to photo-voltaic power supply active power, and controlling curve is as shown in figure 1, in light
When volt exerts oneself smaller, photovoltaic is run with larger power factor value；With the increase of photovoltaic active power output, voltage influence is increased
By force, power factor value is lowered, a certain amount of reactive power is absorbed, to cut down uplift scope of the photovoltaic active power output to voltage；When
Photovoltaic is exerted oneself when increasing to certain value, and photovoltaic is run by predetermined minimum power factor value, that is, do one's best pressure regulation.The control
The applicability of strategy has obtained certain raising, but the control strategy does not account for grid entry point information of voltage, exerts oneself and bears in photovoltaic
Lotus is larger, and voltage does not occur out-of-limit, and voltage level of power grid may be destroyed using the control strategy.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide in a kind of active distribution network
Multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating, takes full advantage of the pressure regulation resource disperseed in active distribution network, effectively reduces VQC dresses
Action frequency is put, and improves distribution network voltage level.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
Multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in a kind of active distribution network, the control method is to the tune in active distribution network
Pressure resource is classified, and performs level Four pressure regulation successively from low to high, and judge whether whole network voltage level closes after every grade of pressure regulation
Lattice, when the whole network voltage level is qualified, without next stage pressure regulation, the level Four pressure regulation is specially to utilize distributed photovoltaic
Power supply, photovoltaic plant are idle to exert oneself, tradition VQC devices and photovoltaic plant active power output realize power system one, two, three, four
Pressure regulation.
In the level Four pressure regulation, one-level pressure regulation uses what is jointly controlled based on grid-connected voltage and photovoltaic active power outputControl strategy.
It is describedControl strategy is specially：
1) according to grid-connected voltage, the power factor lower limit under the grid-connected voltage level is calculated
Wherein, C2The minimum power factor value allowed by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, U1For voltage lower limit value, U2For low voltage
Higher limit, U3For the higher lower limit of voltage, U4For upper voltage limit value.
2) according to the grid-connected voltage, the operational mode of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is determined, wherein,
A) U is met in grid entry point voltage U1≤U≤U2When, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter runs on power factor hysteresis mode, power because
Number lower limit is raised and increased with voltage；
B) U is met in grid entry point voltage U3≤U≤U4When, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operates in the advanced pattern of power factor, power because
Number lower limit is reduced with the rise of voltage；
C) U is met in grid entry point voltage U2≤U≤U3When, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operates in unity power factor pattern, power because
Number lower limit is 1；
3) according to photovoltaic active power output P and step 2) obtain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operational mode, determine the operation of photovoltaic
Power factorWherein,
When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter runs on power factor hysteresis mode,
When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter runs on power factor hysteresis mode,
Wherein, P1And P2The threshold value of photovoltaic active power output is represented, is less than P when active1When, by minimum power factorDelayed operation, is higher than P when active2When, by minimum power factorAdvanced operation.
In the level Four pressure regulation, second voltage regulation and three-level pressure regulation realize Regulation Control, the mesh of use using optimizing algorithm
Scalar functions are that system node voltage is optimal：
Wherein, Ui、Ui,refThe respectively node voltage of node i and node voltage desired value, N is system total node number.
Three-level pressure regulation is specially to coordinate control load tap changer gear and capacitor switching group number.
In the level Four pressure regulation, level Four pressure regulation realizes Regulation Control using optimizing algorithm, and the object function used is photovoltaic
Active reduction is minimum：
Wherein, Pi,pvlossFor photovoltaic plant i active power output reductions, n is that photovoltaic plant accesses number.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, difference of the present invention according to active distribution network internal pressure-regulating resource characteristicses, classification processing is classified to it, real
Existing system level Four pressure regulation strategy, can make full use of existing resource in network, effectively improve effect and the action of all kinds of resource pressure regulation
Reasonability, reduce VQC device action number of times, management and control ability of the strengthening system to line voltage, it is ensured that whole network voltage level.
2nd, one-level pressure regulation of the invention is directed to low capacity distributed photovoltaic power, using based on grid-connected voltage and light
Volt active power output jointly controlsControl strategy, power factor lower limit can be according to grid entry point voltage magnitude certainly
Change is adapted to, the reactive-load compensation amplitude of photovoltaic under different grid entry point voltages and different active power output levels has effectively been distinguished, effectively
Improve photovoltaic voltage regulation result, and realize the idle real-time response exerted oneself of photovoltaic.
3rd, photovoltaic plant is idle in second voltage regulation coordinated control network of the invention exerts oneself, and can improve whole system well
System voltage level, and largely reduce System Reactive Power flowing.If it is qualified that whole network voltage level can be achieved after second voltage regulation,
Then can be with：One, reduce load tap changer and the action frequency of capacitor bank, it is to avoid the use of equipment is lost because of frequent movement
Life-span；Two, reduce to photovoltaic active power dispatch, improve clean energy resource generating proportion.
4th, of the invention two, three, level Four pressure regulation coordinates control for centralization, on the basis of whole network voltage quality is ensured,
Power network is improved to the receiving ability of distributed photovoltaic and the pressure regulation ability of system, pressure regulation means at different levels and purpose is specify that, keeps away
The result of the action physical significance indefinite problem when all variables are uniformly coordinated control is exempted from.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional distributed power sourceControl strategy curve；
Fig. 2 is distributed photovoltaic of the present inventionIn control strategyWith voltage U change curve；
Fig. 3 is the present inventionControl strategy set of curves；
Fig. 4 is one-level pressure regulation Load flow calculation flow chart；
Fig. 5 is the multistage reactive power/voltage control flow chart of active distribution network；
Fig. 6 is improvement IEEE33 node power distribution web frame figures in embodiment；
Fig. 7 is load and the total sunrise force curve of photovoltaic；
Fig. 8 is the idle change curve of exerting oneself of photovoltaic plant at node 7；
Fig. 9 is the idle change curve of exerting oneself of photovoltaic plant at node 27；
Figure 10 is load tap changer operation curve；
Figure 11 is capacitor group switching operation curve；
Figure 12 is different control modes lower node voltage change curve on the 3rd；
Figure 13 is different control modes lower node voltage change curve on the 19th.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
The present invention provides multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in a kind of active distribution network, and the control method is matched somebody with somebody to active
In power network distributed photovoltaic power, photovoltaic plant it is active and reactive exert oneself, the pressure regulation resource such as load tap changer and capacitor bank is entered
Row classification, performs level Four pressure regulation successively from low to high, and judges whether whole network voltage level is qualified after every grade of pressure regulation, described
When whole network voltage level is qualified, without next stage pressure regulation, the level Four pressure regulation is specially：First with low capacity distributed photovoltaic
Power supply, which is realized, to be managed the one-level pressure regulation of system, then by dispatching, photovoltaic plant is idle to exert oneself, adjust VQC devices, cuts down respectively
The mode of photovoltaic plant active power output realize system two, three, level Four pressure regulation.By taking the level Four pressure regulation strategy of this patent,
Existing resource in network can be made full use of, the effect of all kinds of resource pressure regulation and the reasonability of action is effectively improved, reduces VQC devices
Action frequency, management and control ability of the strengthening system to line voltage, it is ensured that whole network voltage level.
One-level pressure regulation：The small distributed photovoltaic of user's access more disperses, and is difficult centralized Control, one-level pressure regulation of the present invention
Pattern is controlled on the spot to be scattered, is usedControl strategy completes the distributing voltage-regulation task of photovoltaic on the spot, has
Effect ensure that each photovoltaic reactive power/voltage control effect.Range of regulation is that distributed photovoltaic is local or neighbor node.
Second voltage regulation：Because low profile photovoltaic capacity is smaller, pressure regulation is participated in limited in one's ability, it is impossible to ensure day part whole network voltage
Level, now needs in coordinated control network that photovoltaic plant is idle to exert oneself.The general capacity of photovoltaic plant is larger, according to《Photovoltaic generation
System access distribution network technology is provided》[15]Photovoltaic electric station grid connection power factor value power factor value more grid-connected than low profile photovoltaic is low, therefore
Photovoltaic plant has stronger Reactive-power control ability.Whole system voltage level can be improved well by second voltage regulation, and compared with
Big degree reduces System Reactive Power flowing.Choose photovoltaic plant has as second voltage regulation means reason：One, load tap changer and electricity
The service life of equipment can be lost in the frequent movement of container group, and its action frequency need to be reduced as far as possible；Two, reduce active to photovoltaic
Scheduling, it is one of active distribution target to improve clean energy resource generating proportion.
Three-level pressure regulation：Exerted oneself the larger or overload moment in some photovoltaics, the simple photovoltaic regulation and control by network
Whole network voltage can not meet quality of voltage requirement.Therefore need when I and II voltage regulation result is undesirable, become by coordinating control
Depressor tap gear and capacitor switching group number carry out third time pressure regulation to system.
Level Four pressure regulation：Consider that one, two, three pressure regulation in extreme circumstances can not ensure that whole network voltage level is qualified, and
Distribution network line R/X is larger, and active power has considerable influence to voltage change, in order to ensure user to the demand of quality of voltage and
The safe and stable operation of system, central schedule control system will carry out management and control to the photovoltaic plant active power output in system, even
Allow its out of service.
1st, distributed photovoltaicReactive power/voltage control model on the spot
After distributed photovoltaic access power distribution network, it is located at the photovoltaic of diverse location, in not position in the same time in synchronization
Identical controlling curve is used in the photovoltaic of same position, it is clear that lack universality, andControl strategy only considers
Photovoltaic absorbs idle decompression ability, does not consider that lifting of the delayed operation of photovoltaic power factor to voltage is acted on.Therefore, it is of the invention
Proposing makesPower factor lower limit can be according to grid entry point voltage magnitude adaptive change, Jin Ershi in controlling curve
Now jointly controlled based on grid-connected voltage and photovoltaic active power outputControl strategy.The control strategy bag
Include three class scenes：The delayed operation of photovoltaic power factor, photovoltaic power factor is run in advance, and photovoltaic is run by unity power factor.
As shown in Figure 2：1) (the U in grid entry point low voltage1≤U≤U2) photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operates in power factor hysteresis mode, this
When power power factor lower limit with voltage raise and increase, that is, reduce the idle maximum output of photovoltaic, reduce to system voltage
Lifting ability；When voltage gets over lower limit, power factor operates in set minimum value.2) when grid entry point voltage is higher (
U3≤U≤U4) photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operates in the advanced pattern of power factor, now power factor lower limit is with the rise of voltage
Reduction, that is, increase the idle maximum absorption of photovoltaic, improve it to system voltage rejection ability；The power factor in Over High-Limit Voltage
Operate in set minimum value.3) (the U when grid entry point is in more excellent state2≤U≤U3) photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operates in unit
Power factor pattern, i.e. power factor lower limit are 1.
It is to be calculated according to voltage U in Fig. 2Wherein C2The minimum power factor value allowed by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Mathematic(al) representation see formula (1)：
As shown in Figure 2, determined according to grid entry point voltage after photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operational mode, it may be determined that the grid entry point voltage water
Power factor lower limit under flat, and then can determine that as shown in Figure 3Specific curve in set of curves.Voltage level compared with
When low, i.e. transverse axis top half in Fig. 3, photovoltaic power factor increases with the increase of photovoltaic active power output, reduces idle defeated
Go out value, it is to avoid overcompensation；When voltage level is higher, i.e. transverse axis the latter half in Fig. 3, photovoltaic power factor is active with photovoltaic
The increase exerted oneself and reduce, improve reactive absorption value, cut down the active lifting to voltage；During voltage out-of-limit, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter work(
Rate factor operates in minimum value, and do one's best pressure regulation；When voltage is more excellent, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is run by unity power factor,
Not pressure regulation.
By changes of the Fig. 3 according to photovoltaic active power output P, determine that photovoltaic specifically runs power factorMathematic(al) representation
Such as (2), (3).
Formula (1), (2), (3) combine constitute it is completeControl strategy.The control strategy is effectively distinguished
The reactive-load compensation amplitude of photovoltaic, is effectively improved photovoltaic voltage regulation result under different grid entry point voltages and different active power output levels,
And realize the idle real-time response exerted oneself of photovoltaic.
In Fig. 3, P1And P2The threshold value of photovoltaic active power output is represented, is less than P when active1When, by minimum power factorDelayed operation, is higher than P when active2When, by minimum power factorAdvanced operation.
2nd, the mathematical modeling of multi-stage pressure regulating control
(1) object function
In multilevel voltage control, according to pressure regulation resource characteristicses and the difference of cost, this patent employs different optimizations
Target.One-level voltage adjusting device is low capacity photo-voltaic power supply, is controlled on the spot by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, without central control system control.
2nd, three-level realizes Regulation Control using optimizing algorithm, and it is optimal that pressure regulation object function is set to system node voltage：
Wherein, Ui、Ui,refThe respectively node voltage of node i and node voltage desired value, N is system total node number.
Level Four pressure regulation realizes Regulation Control using optimizing algorithm, and voltage is qualified as constraints, and object function is set to
The active reduction of photovoltaic is minimum：
Wherein, Pi,pvlossFor photovoltaic plant i active power output reductions, n is that photovoltaic plant accesses number.
(2) constraints
Constraints is the constraint of whole voltage control system, including equality constraint and inequality constraints condition.
Equality constraint is power balance equation：
In formula, Pi、QiRepresent active power, the reactive power injected at node i；Gij、Bij、θijRepresent between node i, j
Conductance, susceptance and voltage between phase declinate.
Inequality constraints condition is respectively voltage, load tap changer gear, capacitor group switching group number and photovoltaic plant
Active and reactive units limits：
In formula, Ppvimax、Ppvimin、Qpvimax、QpviminThe active and reactive bounds of exerting oneself of respectively photovoltaic plant i； Tmax、
TminFor load tap changer gear bound；Cmax、CminFor capacitor switching group number bound.
First voltage constraint, is required for satisfaction, i.e. power-balance about in whole process in formula (6) and formula (7)
Beam and voltage bound constrain pressure regulation at different levels and all needed to meet.The 2nd~5 this four inequality constraints are for each in formula (7)
The operation constraint of adjusting pressure measure, specifically, the 2nd and 3 be ULTC and electricity on T and C constraint in formula (7)
The constraint of container group is for three-level pressure regulation constraint；Formula 7) in the 4th and 5 on P and Q constraint be light during whole pressure regulation
The operation constraint of overhead utility.
As shown in fig. 4-5, it is distributed to low capacity first in the simulation process of active distribution network reactive power/voltage control
Photovoltaic is usedDistributing control strategy on the spot, itself nothing is determined according to grid entry point voltage and current active power output
Work(is exerted oneself, and then detects whether current whole network voltage is qualified, shows that this grade of pressure regulation can meet requirement if qualified, if unqualified
Application next stage pressure regulation is then needed until realizing that whole network voltage is qualified.
3rd, application example
The present embodiment is based on IEEE33 node power distribution net systems after improving and emulated, this example meter and transformer tap
Head, capacitor and low capacity photovoltaic and photovoltaic plant, distribution net work structure are as shown in Figure 6.110/10kV ULTC types
Number be SFZ9-6300/110, voltage regulation limits be 110 ± 8 × 1.25%；Totally 8 groups of parallel capacitor group, per pool-size
For 100kVar；3 low capacity photovoltaics, are respectively connected to node 18,23,33；2 photovoltaic plant capacity are 1424.88kW, respectively
It is connected to node 10,27.The total maximum active power output of photovoltaic is 4749.6kW in system；System maximum burden with power be
3302.97kW, load and the total sunrise force curve of photovoltaic are as shown in Figure 7；Assuming that high voltage bus voltage constant is 110kV, emulation
Initial time tap joint position is+2 gears (10.25kV), and parallel capacitor group switching original state is 0 group.U is taken in control strategy respectively1=0.95, U2=0.98, U3=1.02, U4=1.05.Two, three, level Four pressure regulation
Optimizing algorithm uses genetic algorithm for solving, and coded system uses binary system, and crossover probability is set to 0.8, and mutation probability is set to 0.1,
Population scale is 50, and maximum iteration is 100.
Analysis of simulation result：From Fig. 8,9, whole network voltage is controlled i.e. on the spot in most times by distributing
Whole network voltage can be maintained reasonable interval, only at noon with the period in the evening, system has carried out second voltage regulation control, and tradition is adjusted
Pressure mode does not consider that photovoltaic plant is idle and exerted oneself, therefore is failure to actuate always.
As shown in dotted line in Figure 10,11, if not considering the idle pressure regulation ability of user side low capacity photovoltaic and photovoltaic plant,
Load tap changer and capacitor bank are gone out fluctuation by grid-connected photovoltaic to be influenceed, it will frequent movement, influences service life of equipment,
Even VQC devices, which do one's best, can not still meet existing pressure regulation requirement, it is necessary to measure by cutting down photovoltaic active power output
To maintain whole network voltage quality, digestion capability of the system to photovoltaic is reduced.And count and the reactive voltage control on the spot of low capacity photovoltaic
After system and photovoltaic plant Reactive Power Dispatch, it is ensured that the quality of interior whole network voltage during most of the time, it is only necessary at noon and evening
Load fluctuation changes greatly the period, it is necessary to be scheduled pressure regulation to VQC devices, hence it is evident that reduce the action frequency of VQC devices.Such as
Shown in solid in Figure 10,11, after multi-stage pressure regulating control device, transformer is reduced to 2 times for 9 times by original action frequency,
The action frequency of capacitor bank is reduced to 1 time by original 7 times.This time simulated program is had contemplated that to the active reduction ring of photovoltaic plant
Section, because preceding three-level pressure regulation means are larger to voltage controlling ability, simulation result does not occur entering photovoltaic plant active power output
The situation that row is cut down.
As shown in Figure 12,13, than right different voltage control modes.When photovoltaic is grid-connected using unity power factor, nothing
It is apparent by head end, endpoint node voltage out-of-limit phenomenon；When system only relies on VQC device pressure regulation, endpoint node goes out at night
Voltage out-of-limit behavior is showed；And the multilevel voltage control technology that this patent is proposed is very notable in the effect of voltage control aspect, electricity
Net voltage is greatly improved, and is realized network-wide basis, day part voltage and is in preferable level, and is obviously reduced voltage pulsation model
Enclose.
It can be seen that, the multi-stage pressure regulating control strategy carried based on the present invention, wherein one-level pressure regulation object are that low capacity is distributed
Photovoltaic, control mode be distributing control on the spot, two, three, level Four pressure regulation object be respectively idle photovoltaic plant, VQC devices and
Photovoltaic plant is active, and control mode coordinates control for centralization, on the basis of whole network voltage quality is ensured, improves power network pair
The receiving ability of distributed photovoltaic and the pressure regulation ability of system, specify that pressure regulation means at different levels and purpose, it is to avoid all variables
The result of the action physical significance indefinite problem when being uniformly coordinated control, and considerably reduce traditional VQC device actions number of times.
Preferred embodiment of the invention described in detail above.It should be appreciated that one of ordinary skill in the art without
Need creative work just can make many modifications and variations according to the design of the present invention.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical scheme, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.
Claims (6)
1. multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in a kind of active distribution network, it is characterised in that the control method is matched somebody with somebody to active
Pressure regulation resource in power network is classified, and performs level Four pressure regulation successively from low to high, and judge after every grade of pressure regulation whole network voltage
Whether level is qualified, when the whole network voltage level is qualified, without next stage pressure regulation, and the level Four pressure regulation is specially to utilize
Distributed photovoltaic power, photovoltaic plant are idle to exert oneself, tradition VQC devices and photovoltaic plant active power output realize power train it is unified,
2nd, three, level Four pressure regulation.
2. multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in active distribution network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In level Four pressure regulation, one-level pressure regulation uses what is jointly controlled based on grid-connected voltage and photovoltaic active power output
Control strategy.
3. multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in active distribution network according to claim 2, it is characterised in that describedControl strategy is specially：
1) according to grid-connected voltage, the power factor lower limit under the grid-connected voltage level is calculated
Wherein, C2The minimum power factor value allowed by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, U1Allow lower limit, U for voltage2For low voltage
Higher limit, U3For the higher lower limit of voltage, U4For voltage allowable upper limit value.
2) according to the grid-connected voltage, the operational mode of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is determined, wherein,
A) U is met in grid entry point voltage U1≤U≤U2When, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is run under power factor hysteresis mode, power factor
Limit value is raised and increased with voltage；
B) U is met in grid entry point voltage U3≤U≤U4When, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is operated under the advanced pattern of power factor, power factor
Limit value is reduced with the rise of voltage；
C) U is met in grid entry point voltage U2≤U≤U3When, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is operated under unity power factor pattern, power factor
Limit value is 1；
3) according to photovoltaic active power output P and step 2) obtain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter operational mode, determine the operation power of photovoltaic
FactorWherein,
When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter runs on power factor hysteresis mode,
When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter runs on the advanced pattern of power factor,
Wherein, P1And P2The threshold value of photovoltaic active power output is represented, is less than P when active1When, by minimum power factorIt is stagnant
After run, when it is active be higher than P2When, by minimum power factorAdvanced operation.
4. multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in active distribution network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In level Four pressure regulation, second voltage regulation and three-level pressure regulation realize Regulation Control using optimizing algorithm, and the object function used is system
Node voltage is optimal：
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Wherein, Ui、Ui,refThe respectively node voltage of node i and node voltage desired value, N is system total node number.
5. multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in active distribution network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three-level
Pressure regulation is specially to coordinate control load tap changer gear and capacitor switching group number.
6. multistage reactive voltage control method for coordinating in active distribution network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In level Four pressure regulation, level Four pressure regulation realizes Regulation Control using optimizing algorithm, the object function used for the active reduction of photovoltaic most
It is small：
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Wherein, Pi,pvlossFor photovoltaic plant i active power output reductions, n is that photovoltaic plant accesses number.
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