CN107194500A - A kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method - Google Patents
A kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107194500A CN107194500A CN201710305135.2A CN201710305135A CN107194500A CN 107194500 A CN107194500 A CN 107194500A CN 201710305135 A CN201710305135 A CN 201710305135A CN 107194500 A CN107194500 A CN 107194500A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mrow
- msup
- msubsup
- mfrac
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Development Economics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- Operations Research (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid matasomatism, displacement, deformation and Prediction of debris flow disaster research method, it belongs to Elementary Fluid Mechanics theory and its application technology and fluid hazard prediction field of scientific study.It mainly includes the effect and its relation between displacement and deformation that (1) fluid is produced, the forecasting research of the effect that (2) atmospheric precipitation is produced to hillside, the (3) quantitative calculating, (4) mud-stone flow disaster of mudstone amount of flow.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Learned based on effect, the new theory and new method in terms of Study of Fluid effect, rainfall, Prediction of debris flow disaster is determined, based on theoretical development and perfection lay a good foundation, development and perfection for hydrodynamics, Prediction of debris flow disaster are laid a good foundation, and are that Prediction of debris flow disaster creates more effective theoretical method with preventing and treating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid matasomatism, displacement, deformation and Prediction of debris flow disaster research method, it belongs to fluid force
Learn basic theory and its application technology and fluid hazard prediction field of scientific study.
Background technology
Since long term, fettered by the west mechanical ideas method with very strong one-sidedness, people act to fluid
Mechanism be not very clear always.The method that mechanics guiding people solve problem is to apply mechanically law, has desalinated people's complete observation
Recognize the research method of objective law, make the effect that people can not be proceeded from the reality for a long time, objective analysis fluid is produced to object,
So, it is how a complete understanding to be never had to the rule that object is acted actually on fluid.
Mud-stone flow disaster is a kind of natural calamity that Atmospheric precipitation is produced.Atmospheric precipitation activity is related to fluid matasomatism problem.
Because people do not know the global regularity of fluid matasomatism always, so, prediction and the problem of preventing and treating of mud-stone flow disaster never have
Solved very well.
The power resources that mud-stone flow disaster occurs are Atmospheric precipitations, and the condition that mud-stone flow disaster occurs is slope paddy features of terrain
With the property condition of slope valley floor table rock-soil layer.Because traditional infrastructure is theoretical and application basic theory is set up in scientific not enough power
On the basis of theory system, theory of mechanics system can not provide the correct public affairs of relationship schedule between description operation of nature and change
Formula, so that cause people to be unable to Erecting and improving, correct mud-rock flow prediction theory and method always, therefore, so far, generation
Prediction of debris flow disaster result in boundary is not bery satisfactory all the time, and many mud-stone flow disasters can not obtain prediction in time with preventing
Model.
Mud-rock flow have break out suddenly, break with tremendous force, it is rapid the characteristics of, often have many of avalanche, landslide and flood damage concurrently
Recast is used, and its extent of injury is even more serious than the harm of single avalanche, landslide and flood.One of harm of mud-rock flow is to rush in
Rural area, cities and towns, destroy house, factory, enterprises and institutions and other places and facility.Mud-rock flow can flood people and animals, damage soil
Ground, or even cause village to ruin the disaster that people dies.For example, 1969 Nian8Yue Yunnan Province Dayingjiang River stream cities are played with a jade tablet, Qu Nan encircles mud-rock flow, destroys
Two villages, make 97 people die, nearly million yuan of economic loss.Break out especially big mudstone in August 7 to 8 in 2010, Zhouqu County of Gansu Province
Stream, causes wrecked 474 people of 1270 people to be missing, Zhouqu County is 5 kilometers long, 500 meters of wide regions are levelled to the ground.The two of the harm of mud-rock flow
It is directly to bury station, railway, highway destroy the facilities such as roadbed, bridges and culverts, cause interruption of communication, can also impact to flood and transport
Capable train, automobile, cause great human casualty accident.Sometimes mud-rock flow imports river course, causes river course significantly to change,
Breaking-up highway, railway and other structures are connect, or even force road rerouting, huge economic loss is caused.Such as Gan Chuan highways 394
The crossdrift ditch on km opposite bank, breaks out mud-rock flow in July, 1978, blocks white Dragon River, and therefore highway is flooded 1 kilometer, and white Dragon River changes
Road makes the roadbed for being about two kilometers become main stem, and highway, shore protection and aqueduct are all ruined.This section of circuit from 1962 with
Come, due to being influenceed oneself to be forced to relocate for 3 times by opposite bank mud-rock flow.Since the establishment of the nation, mud-rock flow is caused to China railways and highway
Inestimable massive losses.The three of the harm of mud-rock flow are destroy by rush of water power station, water-drawing channel and mistake ditch building, and water power is buried in silt
Stand tailwater channel, and the reservoir that deposits, abrasion dam facing etc..The four of the harm of mud-rock flow are to destroy mine and its facility, and mine hole is buried in silt
Road, injury mine personnel, stop work and production is caused, or even scrap mine.
STUDY OF DEBRIS FLOW in the world is started from the middle of the 19th century earliest.Before 1930s, STUDY OF DEBRIS FLOW is with line
Based on road investigation and macroscopical Control Engineering；1930~1970 years, people were understanding mud-rock flow Regional Distributing Regularities, set up sight on the spot
Survey station, is observed data accumulation phase；1970~nineteen ninety, people using mud-rock flow model test and artificial debris flow testing as
Dynamics of debris flow and the mechanism of kinematics research of research method；It has been comprehensive development mudstone streaming system since 1990s
Prediction, in the brand-new period of the comprehensive regulation, is studied with the observation and model test of multidisciplinary, multi-faceted, many means.
The formation of mud-rock flow is the key problem of STUDY OF DEBRIS FLOW, is also the theoretical foundation of disaster prevention.Science
Rational debris flow scheme and mitigation technology are built upon on the basis of correct understanding debris flow formation rule.Contemporary mudstone
Defect key in stream research method is basic theory and basic quantitative approach has major defect, i.e. quantitative approach and reason
It is incorrect by formula.Current people are had been able to use FA detection technique, and such as sensor practical technique still, is examined
How advanced no matter survey technology have, late when when observing strong disaster mud-rock flow being the generation of its disaster,
The precautionary measures are taken come not anxious.Effective Prediction of debris flow disaster must be a few days before disaster occurs, preferably count in advance
Provide disaster forecast of intensity within 10th.Different phase and the mechanism of process at present both at home and abroad to mud-rock flow from occurring end understands
Not enough, so not being very effective to the risk assessment of mud-rock flow, forecast, improvement and Lan-cang River.
The content of the invention
The present invention flows for scientific not enough utilized there is provided one kind of current domestic and international mud-rock flow prediction theory method shortage
The mud-rock flow forecasting research method that body effect, displacement and deformation are carried out.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
Mud-rock flow forecasting research method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) fluid is produced effect and its relation between displacement and deformation
1. fluid is produced to acting surface effect and the displacement of acting surface, when fluid is only fixed to one by acting surface
When being acted on, fluid is to the active force produced by acting surface
In formula, F represents fluid to the active force that is produced by acting surface, and Q represents fluid certain distance distant place before effect
Flow, ρ represents the density of fluid, and S represents the cross sectional area of fluid, and g represents acceleration of gravity, fluid before t expressions effect
Accelerated motion time, Δ t represents fluid to time for being acted by acting surface S, and α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route；
Stated respectively by two parameters by the property of acting surface running environment, waste time i.e. movable nature parameters and solidity i.e. not
Movable parameter, is designated as E and T, then respectively
The displacement of acting surface is
The displacement loss amount of acting surface is
2. fluid is to the effect and the displacement and deformation by effect object by effect object.Drive the motive force of object of which movement
Summation be
In formula, F represents fluid to the active force that is produced by acting body, and Q represents the flow of fluid, and ρ represents the density of fluid,
S represents the cross sectional area of fluid, and g represents acceleration of gravity, and α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route, and t represents fluid to object
The time of effect, L represents the length by acting body, and m represents the quality of object, and a represents that motion of the object under fluid matasomatism adds
Speed；
The displacement that object is produced under fluid and Action of Gravity Field is
In formula, E represents to represent the nature parameters of the object running environment of movable degree or unimpeded degree, v0Represent object
Initial velocity, a represents the acceleration of object, and t represents run duration of the object under fluid matasomatism；
3. fluid is produced souring and wash away deformation
River is for the souring power that x river course is produced to length
In formula, F represents the active force that fluid is produced to unit riverbed by acting surface, and Q represents the flow of fluid, and ρ represents stream
The density of body, S represents the cross sectional area of fluid, and g represents acceleration of gravity, and t represents to be produced work by acting surface to unit riverbed
Time, α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route；
The deflection that washes away that river course that fluid is x to length is produced is
In formula, A represents the area that x sections of river courses are washed away, and E represents the deformable nature in river course under river degradation, and ρ represents river
The density of fluid in bed, t represents the time that riverbed is washed away；
(2) the effect that atmospheric precipitation is produced to hillside
The kinetics equation being folded to by slope stream is
In formula, ρ represents the density of water, and h represents that peak valley Terrain Elevation is poor, and q represents rainfall, and x and y represent slope flow point respectively
P plan-position coordinate, g represents acceleration of gravity, and θ represents the angle between gravity and slope stream direction line, and S represents slope flow section
Area, w represents the raindrop distribution density of raindrop occupation rate in unit plane, and α is represented between mountain valley line of dip and gravity direction line
Angle, γ represents the angle between slope stream direction line and paddy stream direction line；
Understand, the slope stream from both sides hillside, which is folded to, pools paddy stream, and paddy is flowed is to the scouring force of cheuch unit plane
In formula, F1Represent miscarried from Zuo Po slopes raw active force, F2Represent to carry out the raw active force of You Po slopes miscarriage, l is represented
Gully inner end and slope stream are folded to the distance between a little, k1And k2Represent two side slope stream active forces respectively is folded to coefficient；
(3) the quantitative calculating of mudstone amount of flow
Assuming that the mud-rock flow production rate of unit area is E at any slope point P, learnt by research, arbitrary unit on hillside
By the domatic material on acting surface in activation force
Driving under the mudstone amount of flow that produces be
So, the aggregated momentum for the whole watershed generation mud-rock flow that horizontal area is S is
(4) the forecasting research of mud-stone flow disaster
1. precipitation predicting
Atmospheric precipitation is the driving factors of mud-rock flow generation, is the prerequisite of mud-rock flow generation, therefore, look-ahead
The generation of mud-rock flow it may first have to shift to an earlier date the index such as Accurate Prediction rainfall and raindrop density w, ceiling of clouds；Atmospheric precipitation shape
Condition defines the time of mud-stone flow disaster generation, and the scale of rainfall is also the leading factor for controlling Debris-flow Hazards size；
2. terrain study
Topographic survey and charge for remittance system, catchment area determine it is the vital task in mud-rock flow forecasting research, pass through landform
Measurement, it may be determined that landform and charge for remittance condition that mud-stone flow disaster is likely to occur, and can primarily determine which area has
May occur mud-stone flow disaster, which area can not possibly occur mud-stone flow disaster, moreover it is possible to required for determining quantitative forecast mud-rock flow
Terrain indexes；
3. slope cereal Journal of Sex Research
The main task of slope cereal Journal of Sex Research is to determine the material composition and existence of hillside and cheuch, it is determined that with not
With the mud-rock flow production rate E values under water-carrying capacity and the slope flow rate k value relevant with permeability, this task can be ground by field test
Study carefully to complete；
4. mud-stone flow disaster point is determined
Disaster-stricken point refer to be located at mud-rock flow running route on residential area, cities and towns, house, factory, enterprises and institutions, other
Economic facility, station, railway, highway, roadbed, bridge, power station, water-drawing channel and cross ditch building, reservoir, mine etc. with
The closely bound up place of lives and properties, as long as these places are present among the region of mud-rock flow generation and operation, is suffered from
The impact failure of mud-rock flow, it is the important indicator for predicting Debris-flow Hazards to determine disaster-stricken point, and disaster-stricken point can be reconnoitred by region to be ground
Study carefully determination；
5. the prediction of mud-rock flow
The time occurred according to weather forecasting mud-stone flow disaster, determine that rock glacier is sent out by terrain prospecting and the investigation of cheuch physical property
Raw place；But accurately to determine to need finally to determine by quantitative calculating on the basis of field survey data, with reference to weather
Forecast, by on-site inspection and scientific algorithm, can accurately determine intensity and its time occurred and the place of mud-stone flow disaster,
The intensity of mud-stone flow disaster is divided and the prediction of the condition of a disaster size can be according to formulaObtained result data is calculated to enter
OK.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, the displacement under fluid impact by acting surface is relevant with the property by acting surface running environment, by acting surface
The property of running environment is stated by two parameters respectively；I.e. movable nature parameters and the i.e. immovable parameter of solidity are wasted time, are remembered respectively
For E and T, the displacement of acting surface is
The displacement loss amount of acting surface is
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Learned based on effect, it is determined that Study of Fluid effect, rainfall
Effect, the new theory in terms of Prediction of debris flow disaster and new method, based on theoretical development and perfection lay a good foundation, for stream
Mechanics, the development and perfection of Prediction of debris flow disaster are laid a good foundation, and are that Prediction of debris flow disaster is created more with preventing and treating
Effective theoretical method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the mechanics analysis figure that fluid is produced to acting surface；
Fig. 2 is fluid to the mechanics analysis figure that is produced by acting body；
Fig. 3 is the souring power analysis chart that fluid is produced；
Fig. 4 is brae topographic contour figure；
Fig. 5 is slope stream and paddy flow specification figure；
Fig. 6 is arbitrfary point P slopes flow analysis figure；
Fig. 7-1 is convergent type slope flow diagram；
Fig. 7-2 is diffused slope flow diagram；
Fig. 8 is that slope stream flows motion analysis schematic diagram with paddy.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
1st, fluid is produced effect and its relation between displacement and deformation
Effect and the displacement of acting surface that a, fluid are produced to acting surface
When fluid is only fixed to one when being acted on by acting surface, fluid is to the active force produced by acting surface
In formula, F represents fluid to the active force that is produced by acting surface；Q represents fluid certain distance distant place before effect
Flow；ρ represents the density of fluid；S represents the cross sectional area of fluid；G represents acceleration of gravity；Fluid before t expressions effect
The accelerated motion time；Δ t represents fluid to time for being acted by acting surface S；α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route.Such as
Fruit fluid is not accelerated before effect, or flow Q represents that fluid is acting on flow when occurring, then, fluid is to making
It is with the face S impetus power produced
In formula, t represents the time that fluid is acted to acting surface；
Displacement under fluid impact by acting surface is relevant with the property by acting surface running environment.By acting surface running environment
Property stated respectively by two parameters：I.e. movable nature parameters and the i.e. immovable parameter of solidity are wasted time, E and T are designated as respectively, are made
It is with the displacement in face
The displacement loss amount of acting surface is
For example, the effect that waterfall is produced is by the continuous percussion of acting surface composition, its acting surface to rock stratum under waterfall
It is fixed, its impact forces is
In formula, h represents waterfall drop height；Q represents the flow before waterfall whereabouts.Waterfall impact stratum makes what stratum was produced
Deflection is
In formula, E represents the degree of deformability by acting surface.
B, fluid are to the effect and the displacement and deformation by effect object by effect object
As shown in Fig. 2 the object existed in a fluid, its cross sectional area is s=ab, its length is L, and its volume is V
=abL, it receives the impact transportation for the fluid that flow is Q.It will be apparent that the active force that it receives fluid is not limited to
One by acting surface, being overall to receive fluid matasomatism.So, it is in office receive fluid in a flash impact impetus power be
How muchLearn according to the study, the active force that it receives fluid matasomatism at any time is
In formula, F represents fluid to the active force that is produced by acting body；Q represents the flow of fluid；ρ represents the density of fluid；
S represents the cross sectional area of fluid；G represents acceleration of gravity；α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route；T represents fluid to object
The time of effect；L represents the length by acting body.It can be seen that, the motive force that fluid is produced to object is very big.
Object is in addition to by fluid driving effect, and it also receives gravity and buoyancy.Assuming that the quality of object is m,
So, the gravity that it receives is G=mg, and its weight component in fluid direction of motion is G1=mgsin α；Object receives
Buoyancy be N=ρ abLg, its buoyancy in fluid direction of motion is f=- ρ abLgsin α.In formula, ρ represents the close of fluid
Degree.The summation for driving the motive force of object of which movement is
In formula, a represents acceleration of motion of the object under fluid matasomatism.The position that object is produced under fluid and Action of Gravity Field
Shifting amount is
In formula, the nature parameters of E expression thing running body environment represent movable degree or unimpeded degree；v0Represent object
Initial velocity；A represents the acceleration of object；T represents run duration of the object under fluid matasomatism.
Deflection of the object under fluid matasomatism depends mainly on its own in addition to by fluid and Action of Gravity Field control
Deformable nature.If its variable pitch is E ', then, its linear deformation equation is
It can be seen that, deformation has general character in itself with displacement.
Souring and wash away deformation that c, fluid are produced
The fluid of motion necessarily leaves through part washes away vestige.GPRS washes away deformation rule, it is necessary first to grasp punching
Brush action rule.As shown in figure 3, river washes away often undying effect to riverbed.If river discharge is Q, then,
The souring power that river is produced to unit riverbed area is
In formula, F represents the active force that fluid is produced to unit riverbed by acting surface；Q represents the flow of fluid；ρ represents stream
The density of body；S represents the cross sectional area of fluid；G represents acceleration of gravity；T represents to be produced work by acting surface to unit riverbed
Time；α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route.River is for the souring power that x river course is produced to length
The deflection that washes away that river course that length is x is produced is
In formula, A represents the area washed away in x sections of river courses；E " represents the deformable nature in river course under river degradation；ρ tables
Show the density of fluid in riverbed；T represents the time that riverbed is washed away.
When fluid is obstructed viscous flow, its flow Q=0, motive force and wash away work to what riverbed was produced that it is produced to object
It is firmly zero, i.e. F=0, so, being hit is handled upside down object and stagnates operation, and displacement is also equal to zero, and riverbed receives deposition, no
It is washed again.
2nd, the effect that atmospheric precipitation is produced to hillside
Atmospheric precipitation occurs over just duration of raining to the effect phenomenon on hillside, supplied only seasonally.Rainfall is washed away to hillside
Effect has special rule.It is the known by everybody natural law that Water seeks its own level, but pushes up what is produced to bottom of slope by rainfall from slope
The stream action intensity that flow gradually increases, rainfall is produced to hillside in slope pushes up the rule gradually increased to bottom of slope not by people from slope
Noted.
Landform is the key that regulation rainfall slope stream rule and massif are washed rule.As shown in figure 4, rainfall slope stream is from the hilltop
Paddy stream is accumulated to cheuch, from the hilltop to mountain bottom, slope stream gradually increases；Both sides hillside is pooled to the paddy flow multiplication of cheuch.This
Be exactly why continue with the years, mountain peak increasingly point, hillside are increasingly steeper, the deeper and deeper reason in mountain valley.This rule can
Illustrated using quantitative approach.
As shown in fig. 5, it is assumed that unit interval, the rainfall in unit level face are all q, then, any hillside unit level
The rainfall for the domatic receiving that bread contains all is q, but the Rainfall simulator erosion effect that diverse location hillside point is received is different.Mountain top
The rainfall that highest peak dot receives only is produced by rainfall q, and its active force is
In formula, F represents the active force that rainfall is produced to unit by acting surface；Q represents the rainfall that unit level face receives；
ρ represents the density of water；S represents unit level face area；G represents acceleration of gravity；Before t expressions effect during the accelerated motion of raindrop
Between；Δ t represents the time that q is acted to mountain peak unit plane；W represents occupation rate of the raindrop in unit level face.On mountain peak
The effect that unit peak face receives rainfall is always determined by rainfall, does not receive the slope stream effect of increase.But the list on hillside
Plane product also receives the slope stream souring from eminence in addition to directly receiving rainfall q effect.In general, from
Bottom of slope is arrived on slope top, and slope flow constantly increases, can be seen that from Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
In the initial time of rainfall, what massif surface each point received is all rainfall q effect；When rainfall enters second
During the moment, in addition to still only receiving q effect except slope top, other each points also receive the slope of upstream in addition to the effect for receiving q
Flow q effect；During three moment, mountain peak point only receives q effect, the effect that second point from mountain peak to the lowest point receives by
Rainfall q and slope flow q are produced jointly, and the 3rd point and its following each point receive a rainfall q and two slope flow 2q
Effect；At the 4th moment, the actuating quantity received from slope to each point under slope respectively by q, 2q, 3q, 4q, 4q ..., 4q produces；
Assuming that having n point, n=r from summit to the lowest point1, r1Represent the maximum range ability that is flowed from summit to the lowest point slope, then, into the
During n moment, receive from summit to the lowest point each point the actuating quantity of rainfall slope flow respectively by q, 2q, 3q, 4q, 5q ..., nq produces；
Since the n moment, from summit to the lowest point, each point receives above-mentioned action rule and no longer changed.The slope stream produced by rainfall exists
The basic law changed on longitudinal direction can be illustrated with Fig. 6, refer to Fig. 6, and its relationship is.
In formula, Q represents the slope flow at the P of arbitrfary point；Q represents the rainfall that unit level face is produced in the unit interval；X tables
Show the horizontal direction coordinate data of slope flow point；Y represents vertical coordinate data；K represents slope flow rate, and it is relevant with the gradient, and domatic
Penetration property or viscous flow property are relevant.
In the horizontal direction, slope stream can be converged to a bit, can also forwards be spread in dispersion shape.Convergence and diffusion are all
Change the size of slope stream, as shown in Figure 7.Learn according to the study, on the basis of the stream increase of longitudinal slope, because of convergence on transverse horizontal face
Further change the size of slope flow, its change formula is
In formula, h represents that peak valley Terrain Elevation is poor；X and y represent slope flow point P position coordinates respectively；L1Represent ridge convergence
Arc length near source；L2Represent the arc length of hillside assembling area；r1The distance between ridge convergence source and convergence center are represented, is normal
Number, i.e.,r2The distance between slope flow point and convergence center are represented,Therefore,
The souring power that each slope point receives from mountain peak to cheuch by
It is changed into
In formula, g represents acceleration of gravity；θ represents the angle between gravity and slope stream direction line；S represents slope flow section face
Product；W represents the occupation rate of raindrop in unit plane, is raindrop distribution density；As shown in Figure 8.
Slope stream flows to bottom of slope, and paddy stream is pooled along cheuch direction baffling, and it is folded to power to be folded to resistance f and gravity.
Therefore, the kinetics equation that slope stream is folded to is
In formula, α represents the angle between mountain valley line of dip and gravity direction line；γ represents that slope stream direction line flows direction with paddy
Angle between line.
Slope stream from both sides hillside, which is folded to, pools paddy stream, and paddy is flowed is to the scouring force of cheuch unit plane
In formula, F1Represent raw active force of being miscarried from Zuo Po slopes；F2Represent to carry out the raw active force of You Po slopes miscarriage；L is represented
Gully inner end and slope stream are folded to the distance between a little；k1And k2Represent two side slope stream active forces respectively is folded to coefficient.
3rd, the quantitative calculating of mudstone amount of flow
The kinetic factor of mud-rock flow generation is Atmospheric precipitation, and its restraining factors is the physical property on hillside.Assuming that any slope
The mud-rock flow production rate of unit area is E at point P, learns that arbitrary unit is by the domatic thing on acting surface on hillside by research
Matter is in activation force
Driving under the mudstone amount of flow that produces be
So, the aggregated momentum for the whole watershed generation mud-rock flow that horizontal area is S is
Mud-rock flow not only has the powerful active force that slope paddy is washed away along road during exercise as fluid, and with buoyancy
With powerful motive force, if its flow or momentum are very big, it can take away the moments such as the megalith run into, slight slope, slide rock body.
Therefore, it often constitutes the disaster for jeopardizing human life's property safety.
4th, the forecasting research of mud-stone flow disaster
According to the discussion above with respect to fluid and rainfall rule, the substantially interior of mud-rock flow forecasting research work can be concluded
Hold and task is as follows：
A, precipitation predicting
Atmospheric precipitation is the driving factors of mud-rock flow generation, is the prerequisite of mud-rock flow generation.Therefore, look-ahead
The generation of mud-rock flow it may first have to shift to an earlier date the index such as Accurate Prediction rainfall and raindrop density w, ceiling of clouds.If without rainfall
Or rainfall is smaller, would not occur mud-stone flow disaster.When rainfall is larger, the duration is long, it is possible to occur mudstone
Flow disaster.Rainfall is bigger, rain time continues more long, and mud-stone flow disaster is bigger.At present, weather forecast has been able to compare
Atmospheric precipitation situation is predicted exactly, and this is that Prediction of debris flow disaster has established solid foundation.Atmospheric precipitation situation is provided
The time that mud-stone flow disaster occurs, the scale of rainfall is also the leading factor for controlling Debris-flow Hazards sizes.
B, terrain study
Topographic survey and charge for remittance system, catchment area determine it is the vital task in mud-rock flow forecasting research.Pass through landform
Measurement, it may be determined that landform and charge for remittance condition that mud-stone flow disaster is likely to occur, and can primarily determine which area has
May occur mud-stone flow disaster, which area can not possibly occur mud-stone flow disaster, moreover it is possible to required for determining quantitative forecast mud-rock flow
Terrain indexes.
According to mud-rock flow quantitative study formula, the Terrain indexes required for prediction mud-stone flow disaster include the high h in slope, slope away from i.e.
Slope aspect horizontal range b, slope stream weight component angle θ, paddy stream weight component angle α, slope stream and paddy flow relation angle γ etc..
C, slope cereal Journal of Sex Research
The main task of slope cereal Journal of Sex Research is to determine the material composition and existence of hillside and cheuch, it is determined that with not
With the mud-rock flow production rate E values under water-carrying capacity and the slope flow rate k value relevant with permeability.This task can be ground by field test
Study carefully to complete.
D, mud-stone flow disaster point are determined
Disaster-stricken point refer to be located at mud-rock flow running route on residential area, cities and towns, house, factory, enterprises and institutions, other
Economic facility, station, railway, highway, roadbed, bridge, power station, water-drawing channel and cross ditch building, reservoir, mine etc. with
The closely bound up place of lives and properties.As long as these places are present among the region of mud-rock flow generation and operation, suffer from
The impact failure of mud-rock flow.It is the important indicator for predicting Debris-flow Hazards to determine disaster-stricken point.Disaster-stricken point can be reconnoitred by region to be ground
Study carefully determination.
F, mud-rock flow prediction
The prediction of mud-stone flow disaster time of origin, can substantially be determined according to weather forecasting；Also may be used in the place that mud-rock flow occurs
Substantially determined by terrain prospecting and the investigation of cheuch physical property；But accurately to determine to need on the basis of field survey data by fixed
Amount calculates finally to determine.With reference to weather forecast, by on-site inspection and scientific algorithm, mud-stone flow disaster can be accurately determined
Intensity and its time occurred and place.
The intensity of mud-stone flow disaster is divided and the prediction of the condition of a disaster size can be according to formulaCalculate obtained knot
Fruit data are carried out.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Learned based on effect, it is determined that Study of Fluid effect, rainfall, mud-stone flow disaster
New theory and new method in terms of prediction, based on theoretical development and perfection lay a good foundation, be hydrodynamics, Debris-flow Hazard
The development and perfection of evil prediction science are laid a good foundation, and are that Prediction of debris flow disaster creates more effective theoretical method with preventing and treating.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) fluid is produced effect and its relation between displacement and deformation
1. fluid is produced to acting surface effect and the displacement of acting surface, are carried out when fluid is only fixed to one by acting surface
During effect, fluid is to the active force produced by acting surface
<mrow>
<mi>F</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
In formula, F represents fluid to the active force that is produced by acting surface, and Q represents the flow of fluid certain distance distant place before effect,
ρ represents the density of fluid, and S represents the cross sectional area of fluid, and g represents acceleration of gravity, the acceleration fortune of fluid before t expressions effect
Dynamic time, Δ t represents fluid to time for being acted by acting surface S, and α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route；
Stated respectively by two parameters by the property of acting surface running environment, waste time i.e. movable nature parameters and solidity is i.e. immovable
Parameter, is designated as E and T, then respectively
The displacement of acting surface is
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
</mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>{</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mi>E</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
The displacement loss amount of acting surface is
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
</mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>{</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
2. fluid to by effect object effect and by effect object displacement and deformation, drive object of which movement motive force it is total
With for
<mrow>
<mi>F</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mi>L</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
In formula, F represents fluid to the active force that is produced by acting body, and Q represents the flow of fluid, and ρ represents the density of fluid, S tables
Show the cross sectional area of fluid, g represents acceleration of gravity, and α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route, and t represents that fluid is made to object
Time, L represents the length by acting body, and m represents the quality of object, and a represents that motion of the object under fluid matasomatism accelerates
Degree；
The displacement that object is produced under fluid and Action of Gravity Field is
<mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
</mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>{</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mi>E</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>v</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>at</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
In formula, E represents to represent the nature parameters of the object running environment of movable degree or unimpeded degree, v0Represent the initial velocity of object
Degree, a represents the acceleration of object, and t represents run duration of the object under fluid matasomatism；
3. fluid is produced souring and wash away deformation
River is for the souring power that x river course is produced to length
<mrow>
<mi>F</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
In formula, F represents the active force that fluid is produced to unit riverbed by acting surface, and Q represents the flow of fluid, and ρ represents fluid
Density, S represents the cross sectional area of fluid, and g represents acceleration of gravity, and t represents what unit riverbed was acted by acting surface
Time, α represents the inclination angle of fluid running route；
The deflection that washes away that river course that length is x is produced is
<mrow>
<mi>V</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>{</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>E</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
In formula, A represents the area washed away in x sections of river courses, and E represents the deformable nature in river course under river degradation, and ρ represents riverbed
The density of middle fluid, t represents the time that riverbed is washed away；
(2) the effect that atmospheric precipitation is produced to hillside
The kinetics equation being folded to by slope stream is
<mrow>
<mi>F</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>{</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>w</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>q</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>q</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>&gamma;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>f</mi>
</mrow>
In formula, ρ represents the density of water, and h represents that peak valley Terrain Elevation is poor, and q represents rainfall, and x and y represent slope flow point P's respectively
Position coordinates, g represents acceleration of gravity, and θ represents the angle between gravity and slope stream direction line, and S represents slope flow section area, w
The raindrop distribution density of raindrop occupation rate in unit plane is represented, α represents the angle between mountain valley line of dip and gravity direction line, γ
Represent the angle between slope stream direction line and paddy stream direction line；F represents slope stream to be folded to as what paddy was flowed and is folded to resistance；
Understand, the slope stream from both sides hillside, which is folded to, pools paddy stream, and paddy is flowed is to the scouring force of cheuch unit plane
<mrow>
<mi>F</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>l</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>k</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>k</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>l</mi>
</mrow>
In formula, F1Represent miscarried from Zuo Po slopes raw active force, F2Represent to carry out the raw active force of You Po slopes miscarriage, l represents gully
Inner end and slope stream are folded to the distance between a little, k1And k2Represent two side slope stream active forces respectively is folded to coefficient；
(3) the quantitative calculating of mudstone amount of flow
Assuming that the mud-rock flow production rate of unit area is E ˊ at any slope point P, learn that arbitrary unit is made on hillside by research
With the domatic material on face in activation force
<mrow>
<mi>F</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>w</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>q</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>q</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>cos</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
</mrow>
Driving under the mudstone amount of flow that produces be
<mrow>
<mi>I</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mi>E</mi>
<mo>{</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>w</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>q</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>q</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
<mi>g</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
So, the aggregated momentum for the whole watershed generation mud-rock flow that horizontal area is S is
(4) the forecasting research of mud-stone flow disaster
1. precipitation predicting
Atmospheric precipitation is the driving factors of mud-rock flow generation, is the prerequisite of mud-rock flow generation, therefore, look-ahead mudstone
The generation of stream it may first have to shift to an earlier date the index such as Accurate Prediction rainfall and raindrop density w, ceiling of clouds；Atmospheric precipitation situation is advised
Determine the time of mud-stone flow disaster generation, the scale of rainfall is also the leading factor for controlling Debris-flow Hazards size；
2. terrain study
Topographic survey and charge for remittance system, catchment area determine it is the vital task in mud-rock flow forecasting research, by topographic survey,
Landform and charge for remittance condition that mud-stone flow disaster is likely to occur can be determined, and can primarily determine which area is possible to hair
Mud-stone flow disaster can not possibly occur for raw mud-stone flow disaster, which area, moreover it is possible to determine the landform required for quantitative forecast mud-rock flow
Index；
3. slope cereal Journal of Sex Research
The main task of slope cereal Journal of Sex Research is to determine the material composition and existence of hillside and cheuch, it is determined that with different water
Mud-rock flow production rate E values and the slope flow rate k value relevant with permeability under flow, this task can by field test research come
Complete；
4. mud-stone flow disaster point is determined
Residential area that disaster-stricken point refers to be located on mud-rock flow running route, cities and towns, house, factory, enterprises and institutions, other are economical
Facility, station, railway, highway, roadbed, bridge, power station, water-drawing channel and mistake ditch building, reservoir, mine etc. and life
The closely bound up place of property, as long as these places are present among the region of mud-rock flow generation and operation, suffers from mudstone
The impact failure of stream, it is the important indicator for predicting Debris-flow Hazards to determine disaster-stricken point, and disaster-stricken point can be true by region field survey and study
It is fixed；
5. the prediction of mud-rock flow
The time occurred according to weather forecasting mud-stone flow disaster, determine what rock glacier occurred by terrain prospecting and the investigation of cheuch physical property
Place；But accurately to determine to need finally to determine by quantitative calculating on the basis of field survey data, with reference to weather forecast,
By on-site inspection and scientific algorithm, intensity and its time occurred and the place of mud-stone flow disaster, mudstone can be accurately determined
The intensity division and the prediction of the condition of a disaster size for flowing disaster can be according to formulaObtained result data is calculated to carry out.
2. a kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By acting surface under fluid impact
Displacement it is relevant with the property by acting surface running environment, stated respectively by two parameters by the property of acting surface running environment；
I.e. movable nature parameters and the i.e. immovable parameter of solidity are wasted time, E and T are designated as respectively, the displacement of acting surface is
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
</mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>{</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mi>E</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
The displacement loss amount of acting surface is
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
</mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>{</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</msubsup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>S</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>}</mo>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
3
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710305135.2A CN107194500A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | A kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710305135.2A CN107194500A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | A kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107194500A true CN107194500A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
Family
ID=59872399
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710305135.2A Withdrawn CN107194500A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | A kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107194500A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107704706A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-16 | 陕西理工大学 | Mud-stone flow disaster liability Forecasting Methodology based on gray theory |
| CN108108561A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 广州地理研究所 | Mud-rock flow integrated disaster reduction method based on dynamic process and energy spectrum analysis |
| CN108797510A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | A kind of mud-rock flow blocks up the EARLY RECOGNITION method in river |
| CN117764317A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-03-26 | 南京南瑞水利水电科技有限公司 | Hydropower station safe operation prediction method and system considering environmental disasters |
-
2017
- 2017-05-03 CN CN201710305135.2A patent/CN107194500A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107704706A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-16 | 陕西理工大学 | Mud-stone flow disaster liability Forecasting Methodology based on gray theory |
| CN108108561A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 广州地理研究所 | Mud-rock flow integrated disaster reduction method based on dynamic process and energy spectrum analysis |
| CN108108561B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2021-06-04 | 广东省科学院广州地理研究所 | Debris flow comprehensive disaster reduction method based on dynamic process and energy spectrum analysis |
| CN108797510A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | A kind of mud-rock flow blocks up the EARLY RECOGNITION method in river |
| CN117764317A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-03-26 | 南京南瑞水利水电科技有限公司 | Hydropower station safe operation prediction method and system considering environmental disasters |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107194500A (en) | A kind of mud-rock flow forecasting research method | |
| Hu et al. | Characteristics of damage to buildings by debris flows on 7 August 2010 in Zhouqu, Western China | |
| CN105178255B (en) | The pool segment length measuring method of ladder-pool type debris flow drainage groove | |
| CN103810524A (en) | Method for predicting ground subsidence in underground metro construction process | |
| CN110955952A (en) | Multi-scale debris flow risk evaluation method | |
| CN105256768A (en) | Box energy dissipation section designing method and application of box energy dissipation debris flow discharging and guiding groove | |
| Congress | Standard specifications and code of practice for road bridges | |
| Urciuoli et al. | The Basento valley: a natural laboratory to understand the mechanics of earthflows | |
| CN109697314B (en) | Method for calculating maximum movement distance of ice collapse and application thereof | |
| Usarkul et al. | CLASSIFICATION OF TUNNELS | |
| Wang et al. | Field investigation and numerical simulation on rockfalls in Zhangmu Town, Tibet, China | |
| CN106897517B (en) | Line of high-speed railway gale monitoring optimizes automatic search method of arranging net | |
| CN106683019A (en) | Calculation method and application of river blocking by debris flow | |
| CN106192865A (en) | A kind of mud-rock flow Blaps femaralis computational methods and application thereof | |
| CN203583368U (en) | In-water temporary pier on-water construction platform for steel truss girder erection in dragging mode | |
| CN113624319B (en) | Rail transit annular vibration simulation test device | |
| CN107169229A (en) | It is a kind of to calculate the method that viscous mud-flow blocks up the critical condition in river | |
| CN106436785A (en) | Side slope rescuing counter pressure adverse construction method and structure thereof | |
| Schmidt | River channel adjustment and sediment budget in response to a catastrophic flood event (Lainbach catchment, Southern Bavaria) | |
| CN110110451A (en) | The damage evaluation method of masonry structure building is worn under a kind of shield | |
| Li et al. | Finite element analysis of the influence of deep foundation pit excavation construction on adjacent subway tunnel structure | |
| Zhang et al. | Analysis of a debris flow after Wenchuan Earthquake and discussion on preventive measures | |
| Valenzuela | Stability issues in natural and man made slopes in mining | |
| Nicks et al. | Quantifying the bump at the end of the bridge with inertial profilers pilot study: Comparing deep versus shallow foundation systems | |
| Fan et al. | Research on methods of investigation and analysis of highway slope stability after flood based on Insar and field investigation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170922 |
|
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |