CN107193320A - A kind of local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT controls based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm - Google Patents
A kind of local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT controls based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- CN107193320A CN107193320A CN201710420008.7A CN201710420008A CN107193320A CN 107193320 A CN107193320 A CN 107193320A CN 201710420008 A CN201710420008 A CN 201710420008A CN 107193320 A CN107193320 A CN 107193320A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT control method based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm, the particle of algorithm is used as using the output current of Photovoltaic array, algorithm fitness function is used as using the power of Photovoltaic array, pass through this new quick and global search technique of Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm, efficiently and accurately find the global maximum power point of Photovoltaic array, then algorithm Maximum Power Output point voltage and with Photovoltaic array actual output voltage make it is poor, Boost circuit is controlled via PWM module, so as to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking.This algorithm can solve the problem that the Photovoltaic array MPPT controls with multimodal output characteristics under local shades are easily trapped into local maximum power point, can accurately find global maximum power point, and tracking velocity is fast, and steady oscillation is small.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be based on Molecule Motion Theory the present invention relates to a kind of local shades photovoltaic array MPPT control method
The local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT controls of optimized algorithm.
Background technology
With the popularization of solar power generation, what the running environment of photovoltaic array became becomes increasingly complex, and local shade causes light
Photovoltaic array output characteristic curve occurs in that multiple extreme points, have impact on the delivery efficiency of photovoltaic array, or even hot spot phenomenon occurs
And damage photovoltaic cell.In order that photovoltaic system is operated in maximum power point, system effectiveness is improved, need to be using effective multimodal most
High-power track algorithm.
Traditional MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm（Such as fixed voltage method, perturbation observation method and increment conductance method）Can be preferably
Find maximum power point under the conditions of uniform illumination in ground.But under local shades illumination condition, the power voltage of photovoltaic array is bent
There are multiple peak points in line, and conventional MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm is due to being absorbed in Local Extremum, it is impossible to accurately trace into most
High-power point.With the rise of intelligent control method, the modern times are turned into particle cluster algorithm etc. for the intelligent control method of representative
The Typical Representative of control theory, is used for Photovoltaic array multimodal MPPT control problems under local shades, but these algorithms is random
Parameter is more, and convergence rate is slower, may be absorbed at local extremum, maximum power point when handling bad and vibration occurs.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention：The problem of control technology existing for Photovoltaic array MPPT under local shades, propose a kind of adjust
Section parameter is few, search speed is fast, search result is accurate and the stable local shades photovoltaic based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm
Array MPPT control method.
What the purpose of the present invention was achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT controls based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm, including the steps：
Step 1：The environment temperature T and intensity of illumination S of each Photovoltaic array are gathered in real time；
Step 2：According to the environment temperature and intensity of illumination of each current Photovoltaic array, using Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm iteration
Search out total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array；
Step 3：Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm iterative search is gone out to the corresponding peak power of total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array
Point voltage and the voltage of Photovoltaic array reality output make poor, PWM module are then fed into, for producing PWM ripples；
Step 4：The PWM ripples produced using PWM module control Boost circuit, make Photovoltaic array steady operation in peak power
Point on.
Further, total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array is gone out in step 2 using Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm iterative search
Method be：
Step 2.1：The data such as the environment temperature T and intensity of illumination S of each Photovoltaic array are inputted, the population of algorithm is set（Control
Variable I）Quantity and span；
Step 2.2：KMTOA algorithms are initialized, the individual initial velocity of colony are randomly generated in restriction range and first
Beginning position；
Step 2.3：To the individual in colony, each population at individual correspondence is drawn according to the power calculation fitness function of Photovoltaic array
Adaptive value（Power and voltage）；
Step 2.4：According to the size of power, the optimum individual in population is selected；
Step 2.5：Update iterations k=k+1；
Step 2.6：According to population at individual and optimum individual distance, its stressing conditions is judged, calculate gravitational acceleration, the reprimand of individual
Power acceleration and disturbance acceleration；
Step 2.7：According to the speed of the speed of algorithm more new formula Population Regeneration individual, and according to the location updating formula of algorithm
Boundary value, if individual speed crosses border, is assigned to current individual speed by the position of Population Regeneration individual；
Step 2.8：The adaptive value for calculating each individual is re-started, and symbol is judged whether according to each individual adaptive value size
Stopping criterion is closed, if met, step 2.9 is turned to, otherwise turns to step 2.5：；
Step 2.9：Optimal solution is exported, algorithm terminates.
Further, PWM control technologies are used in described step 3, the technology is also known as pulse width modulation skill
Art, by Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm iterative search go out the corresponding maximum power point voltage of total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array with
It is poor that the voltage of Photovoltaic array reality output is made, and obtained deviation and carrier signal are modulated, and exports pwm pulse ripple（Account for
Sky compares signal）, follow-up boost chopper is controlled；
Finally, the subsequent conditioning circuit controlled in described step 4 using maximal power tracing is boost chopper（Boost）Circuit, leads to
The dutycycle for crossing PWM control technology switch tubes is controlled, and the equivalent resistance of booster circuit is equal to photovoltaic array real-time
Internal resistance under environmental condition, so as to realize that photovoltaic array peak power output is controlled.
Operation principle：The MPPT control method based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm used in the present invention, in the algorithm, with
The output current I of photovoltaic array as algorithm particle, using the mathematical modeling of power output under photovoltaic array local shades as
Fitness function, by the acquisition to the intensity of illumination and environment temperature of each component in photovoltaic array, algorithm energy real-time high-efficiency
Iterative search goes out the total peak power and corresponding voltage of Photovoltaic array, coordinates Boost circuit, can make photovoltaic array stable operation
Pointed out in peak power.The algorithm concept of the present invention is simple, and regulation parameter is few, and tracking velocity is fast and accurate, voltage output and electricity
Stream output is more stable, and stable state concussion is almost negligible, can effectively improve the generating efficiency of photovoltaic system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：For the circuit system structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2：For the algorithm flow chart of the present invention；
Embodiment
For concise the features and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention realizes that photovoltaic array under local shadow MPPT is controlled based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm.
Now, the U-P characteristic curves of multimodal are presented in the output of photovoltaic array, and the present invention is controlled using Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm as MPPT
Molding block, the incoming MPPT modules of intensity of illumination and ambient temperature information of photovoltaic array, Maximum Power Output point voltage, with photovoltaic
Array real-time voltage relatively obtains deviation, with reference to PWM module and Boost circuit, realizes the real-time peak power of photovoltaic array
Point tracking.The present embodiment the method according to the invention and operation principle build simulation model under MATLAB environment.
Fig. 2 show the flow chart of Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm of the present invention.Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm
Based on the following rule of intermolecular presence：WhenWhen, molecule is suffered to make a concerted effort to be 0, and the position is equilbrium position.WhenWhen, now molecule makes a concerted effort to be repulsion, because molecule repulsion is faster than gravitation change.WhenWhen, now molecule make a concerted effort be
Gravitation, it is same because repulsion is faster than gravitation change.For in Molecule Motion Theory it is intermolecular draw repulsion rule, it is proposed that molecule by
Gravitation, repulsion and when not stressing required satisfaction condition；For the molecule not stressed, pass through model molecule warm-up movement so that individual
Physical efficiency jumps out local solution.
WhenWhen, i.e., molecule is by gravitation.The individual of other in population is moved to optimum individual direction, and its gravitation calculates public
Formula：
Wherein：G is gravitational constant, Mi、MBestRespectively individual XiWith optimum individual XBestQuality, FiRepresent individual XiSuffered
Gravitation.According to Newton's Theorem, individual X is understood by above formulaiGravitational acceleration aiCalculation formula：
WhenWhen, now molecule makes a concerted effort to show as repulsion.Population at individual is moved to optimum individual direction, repulsion calculation formula
For formula：
Now, repulsion acceleration aiCalculation formula is：
WhenWhen, it is zero now to make a concerted effort suffered by molecule, in equilbrium position.Individual random perturbation acceleration be, wherein：aijFor for individual XiThe acceleration tieed up in j,Respectively solution space jth
The upper bound of dimension, lower bound.A is Oscillation Amplitude, and it is current iteration number of times that A=(1-0.9*t/G), wherein t are taken herein, and G is total iteration
Number of times；N (0,1) is the random number of Normal Distribution.
Individual in population XiSpeed more new formula：
The X of individualiLocation updating formula：
Flow based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm search finding Photovoltaic array maximum power point is as shown in Figure 2：
Step 1：KMTOA algorithms are initialized, the population quantity and algorithm end condition of algorithm are set, in Photovoltaic array electricity
Stream [0, Isc] in the range of randomly generate colony individual initial velocity and initial position；
Step 2：Determine object function, variable of this algorithm using the output current I of Photovoltaic array as algorithm, with the defeated of Photovoltaic array
Go out power for adaptive value, the object function of algorithm is drawn with reference to Photovoltaic array mathematical modeling under local shades, calculate ideal adaptation
Value, and select optimum individual XBest；
Present example is connected with 3 photovoltaic modules and irradiates the illumination of varying strength to simulate local shades condition, its target
Function is：
Wherein：Isc1、Isc2、Isc3The short circuit current flow of each photovoltaic module respectively under different illumination intensity, and Isc3<Isc2<
Isc1, U (S1、2、3, I) and it is illustrated respectively in the output voltage of each photovoltaic module under different illumination intensity.
Step 3：According to the distance of population at individual and optimum individual, the force way of individual is judged, gravitation is calculated respectively and is added
Speed, repulsion acceleration and disturbance acceleration；
Step 4：According to the more new formula of speed above and location updating formula, calculate the speed of individual and carry out individual movement；
Step 5：Elite reservation process is carried out to the optimum individual in population；
Step 6：Judge whether to meet end condition, be such as unsatisfactory for, return to step 2, otherwise, output solve the maximum work searched out
Rate point voltage.
Further, as shown in figure 1, the maximum power point of the MPPT modules output based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm is electric
Pressure is subtracted each other with the Photovoltaic array output voltage gathered in real time draws deviation, is mutually modulated by the carrier signal with PWM module, defeated
Go out PWM duty cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and then control Boost circuit, make Photovoltaic array stable operation at peak power.
Further, since the output characteristics of photovoltaic array can also change during external environment change, it should at this time restart
Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm finds new global maximum power point.Entry condition is shown below：
When big change occurs suddenly for power output meets above formula, it is possible to think to need to re-search for peak power.Further,
When environmental change change is slow, algorithm should also want that the change of peak power can be followed the trail of, so Molecule Motion can be set
Theoretical optimization algorithm is restarted naturally with the time, per after a period of time, algorithm, which is voluntarily restarted, searches for new global maximum power point.
If meeting above-mentioned condition, the step 1 of algorithm is returned to, otherwise, continues Boost circuit and maintains maximum power point.
Claims (4)
1. it is a kind of based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT control, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
Step 1.1：The environment temperature T and intensity of illumination S of each Photovoltaic array are gathered in real time；
Step 1.2：According to the environment temperature and intensity of illumination of each current Photovoltaic array, changed using Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm
In generation, searches out total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array；
Step 1.3：Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm iterative search is gone out to the corresponding maximum work of total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array
Rate point voltage and the voltage of Photovoltaic array reality output make poor, PWM module are then fed into, for producing PWM ripples；
Step 1.4：The PWM ripples produced using PWM module control Boost circuit, make Photovoltaic array steady operation in maximum work
On rate point.
2. the local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT controls according to claim 1 based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm, its
It is characterised by：Go out total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array in the step 1.2 using Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm iterative search
Method be：
Step 2.1：The data such as the environment temperature T and intensity of illumination S of each Photovoltaic array are inputted, the population of algorithm is set（Control
Variable I）Quantity and span；
Step 2.2：KMTOA algorithms are initialized, randomly generated in restriction range colony individual initial velocity and
Initial position；
Step 2.3：To the individual in colony, each population at individual correspondence is drawn according to the power calculation fitness function of Photovoltaic array
Voltage and power（Adaptive value）；
Step 2.4：According to the size of power, the optimum individual in population is selected；
Step 2.5：Update iterations k=k+1；
Step 2.6：According to population at individual and optimum individual distance, its stressing conditions is judged, calculate gravitational acceleration, the reprimand of individual
Power acceleration and disturbance acceleration；
Step 2.7：According to the speed of the speed of algorithm more new formula Population Regeneration individual, and according to the location updating formula of algorithm
Boundary value, if individual speed crosses border, is assigned to current individual speed by the position of Population Regeneration individual；
Step 2.8：The adaptive value for calculating each individual is re-started, and symbol is judged whether according to each individual adaptive value size
Stopping criterion is closed, if met, step 2.9 is turned to, otherwise turns to step 2.5；
Step 2.9：Optimal solution is exported, algorithm terminates.
3. the local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT controls according to claim 1 based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm, its
It is characterised by：PWM control technologies are used in described step 1.3, the technology is also known as pulse width modulating technology, will divided
The dynamic theoretical optimization algorithm iteration of son searches out the corresponding maximum power point voltage of total maximum power point of Photovoltaic array and photovoltaic is arranged
The voltage of battle array reality output makees poor, and obtained deviation and carrier signal are modulated, and exports pwm pulse ripple（Dutycycle is believed
Number）, follow-up boost chopper is controlled.
4. the local shades Photovoltaic array MPPT controls according to claim 1 based on Molecule Motion Theory optimized algorithm, its
It is characterised by：The subsequent conditioning circuit of the maximal power tracing control used in described step 1.4 is boost chopper
（Boost）, it is controlled by the dutycycle of PWM control technology switch tubes, the equivalent resistance of booster circuit is equal to photovoltaic
Internal resistance of the array under real-time environmental conditions, so as to realize the peak power output control of photovoltaic array.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN108594927A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-28 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of local shades photovoltaic array MPPT controls based on the full search algorithm that leapfrogs at random |
| CN111694396A (en) * | 2020-07-04 | 2020-09-22 | 湘潭大学 | MPPT control based on molecular motion track search algorithm |
| CN112631365A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 湘潭大学 | Photovoltaic power generation multi-peak MPPT control method based on SCASL |
| CN112732007A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-30 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Tracking control method and system for maximum power point of photovoltaic cell |
| CN113526413A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-22 | 宁波如意股份有限公司 | Forklift lifting device and power generation efficiency control method thereof |
| CN114510111A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-17 | 北京华能新锐控制技术有限公司 | Global MPPT control method and device for partial sun-shading photovoltaic array |
| CN117420875A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-01-19 | 南昌工程学院 | Photovoltaic maximum power point tracking method and device based on boundary search algorithm |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108594927A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-28 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of local shades photovoltaic array MPPT controls based on the full search algorithm that leapfrogs at random |
| CN111694396A (en) * | 2020-07-04 | 2020-09-22 | 湘潭大学 | MPPT control based on molecular motion track search algorithm |
| CN112732007A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-30 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Tracking control method and system for maximum power point of photovoltaic cell |
| CN112631365A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 湘潭大学 | Photovoltaic power generation multi-peak MPPT control method based on SCASL |
| CN112631365B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-02-18 | 湘潭大学 | Photovoltaic power generation multi-peak MPPT control method based on SCASL |
| CN113526413A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-22 | 宁波如意股份有限公司 | Forklift lifting device and power generation efficiency control method thereof |
| CN114510111A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-17 | 北京华能新锐控制技术有限公司 | Global MPPT control method and device for partial sun-shading photovoltaic array |
| CN114510111B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-09-12 | 北京华能新锐控制技术有限公司 | Global MPPT control method and device for partial shading photovoltaic array |
| CN117420875A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-01-19 | 南昌工程学院 | Photovoltaic maximum power point tracking method and device based on boundary search algorithm |
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Application publication date: 20170922 |