CN107193287B - Airborne multipath hyperspectral camera circuit integrated system - Google Patents
Airborne multipath hyperspectral camera circuit integrated system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an onboard multipath hyperspectral imager circuit integrated system which comprises a power supply distribution unit, a communication control unit, a data combination unit, a storage unit, an upper computer, an attitude measurement unit, an attitude control unit, a network switch and a serial port router. Through the circuit integration of the above-mentioned constituent units, the invention can provide standardized power output, communication control, data transmission, data storage, data fast vision, data synchronization, gesture stabilization and other functions for the multi-channel hyperspectral camera of airborne application. The invention has the advantages of simple and flexible application, stable and reliable design and rich interfaces, fully meets the requirements of interconnection, intercommunication, multi-mode and modularization of hyperspectral systems, and is the basis for realizing the large-view-field multiband hyperspectral imager.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an onboard multi-path hyperspectral camera circuit integrated system, in particular to a circuit integrated system which is used for providing power output, communication control, data transmission, data storage, data quick-looking, data synchronization and stable posture for a multi-path hyperspectral camera for onboard application.
Background
Hyperspectral cameras acquire solar radiation reflected by features or their own radiation with high spectral resolution. The technology can not only image the ground object in a morphological way, but also acquire the spectral information of each pixel, so that the observation target can be analyzed and identified from two aspects of space matching and spectral matching, and the spectral characteristics and the existence conditions of various ground objects, such as the material composition, are revealed. The application of the hyperspectral camera is directly oriented to various requirements such as land management, urban planning, agriculture and forestry resource investigation, natural disaster monitoring and evaluation, land and sea resource investigation, water resource utilization, water quality monitoring and the like.
In the design of an optical remote sensing instrument, a spectrum is divided into an ultraviolet band, a visible near infrared band, a short wave infrared band, a medium wave infrared band, a long wave infrared band and a very long wave infrared band. Each band is divided into a number of custom spectral bands according to the level of the instrument itself. Different detectors are required to respond to different bands under imaging signal-to-noise requirements.
Currently, most advanced and reliable hyperspectral cameras for aviation telemetry use an area array detector assembly. Under the condition of limited area array scale, the large-field remote sensing requirement and the high-resolution remote sensing requirement are contradictory. To meet the above requirements, a plurality of hyperspectral cameras are typically employed to splice in the spanwise direction to achieve large field of view high resolution hyperspectral imaging.
The hyperspectral camera mainly comprises two schemes of push-broom type and staring type in a spectrum light splitting mode: (1) The staring type is to synchronously change the spectral band of the front filter of the detector in the time dimension in the process of carrying out multiple frame imaging on a fixed area so as to obtain hyperspectral data of the area; (2) The push-broom type full-color light image projection method comprises the steps of adding a light splitting filter device in front of an area array detector, splitting a one-dimensional space line array full-color light image into two-dimensional images, and projecting the two-dimensional images on the area array detector, wherein one dimension is a corresponding space line array, and the other dimension is a light splitting spectrum dimension. The essence of both schemes is that hyperspectral data acquisition is realized through multiple different-spectrum imaging on a ground interest point, and the difference is that (1) multiple different-spectrum imaging is realized in the time dimension by means of a single detector pixel, and (2) simultaneous different-spectrum imaging is realized in the space dimension by means of multiple detector pixels. On the premise of equal field angle and ground resolution, the hyperspectral data size of N spectral bands is N times of the data size of the traditional remote sensing camera, and the value of N is more than 100 in consideration of hyperspectral index requirements.
The aerial remote sensing operation requires high task efficiency, and a single hyperspectral task device requires multiple bands, a large field of view and high resolution. Therefore, a plurality of hyperspectral cameras with the same wave band are required to be combined into a set of hyperspectral camera sets, and simultaneously the requirements of large field of view and high resolution are met. The hyperspectral cameras with different wave bands are integrated into a hyperspectral imager, so that the multiband requirement is met. Thus, a practical set of hyperspectral imagers requires integration of multiple hyperspectral cameras. The integration is not only simple in structural combination and optical calibration, but also needs to provide a set of circuit integration system from the system perspective to meet the following requirements: (1) multi-camera power requirements. (2) a multi-camera communication control requirement. (3) multi-camera high rate transmission requirements. (4) multi-camera large data volume storage requirements. (5) multiple camera low delay fast vision requirements. (6) multi-camera data synchronization requirement: in order to meet the requirement of subsequent remote sensing data mapping, a plurality of hyperspectral cameras need to perform data synchronization during spectral imaging, so that large-view-field area fusion and single-point multiband data fusion are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to invent a circuit integrated platform and solve the technical problems of power supply, communication control, data transmission, data storage, data quick-looking, data synchronization and stable posture of a multi-path hyperspectral camera.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the circuit integrated system consists of a power distribution unit 1, a communication control unit 2, a data combination unit 3, a storage unit 4, an upper computer 5, an attitude measurement unit 6 and an attitude control unit 7. The power supply function is mainly realized by the power distribution unit 1; the communication control function is mainly realized by a communication control unit 2 and an upper computer 5; the data transmission function is mainly realized by a data compounding unit 3; the data storage function is mainly realized by the storage unit 4; the data quick view is mainly realized by a storage unit 4 and an upper computer 5; the data synchronization is mainly realized by the gesture measuring unit 6 and the communication control unit 2; the posture stabilization function is mainly realized by a posture measurement unit 6 and a posture control unit 7.
The power distribution unit 1 functions to supply system input power to the entire circuit integrated system in a controlled manner. The power distribution unit 1 consists of a main switch, a power filter, a capacitor accumulator, a fuse, a multi-path power supply numerical control switch and a digital voltmeter. The power distribution unit 1 is controlled by a main switch to receive external power supply, and the input power supply is output to a plurality of power supply numerical control switches through power supply filtering, surge protection, beam splitting, overcurrent protection and the like. The power distribution unit 1 is internally provided with a processor which can decode control instructions so as to control the starting and stopping of a plurality of power outputs, and meanwhile, the total voltage value and the total current value acquired by the digital voltage ammeter and the on-off state of the numerical control switch can be packaged and sent to the communication control unit 2.
The communication control unit 2 is a communication midpoint of the whole platform, and is used for sending control instructions obtained from the upper computer 5 to other controlled units in the platform and feeding back status information obtained by the other controlled units in the platform to the upper computer 5. In addition, the communication control unit 2 can also realize the communication interaction function among the units in the platform, including data synchronization signals. The communication control unit 2 is composed of a panel switch, a network switch 9 and a serial port router 10. The panel switch controls the on-off of the input power of the communication control unit to determine whether the unit works. The network switch 9 is used to implement data exchange based on the TCP/IP protocol inside the circuit integrated system. The serial port router 10 implements mutual compilation of TCP/IP information and serial port information, and serial port communication interaction.
The data compounding unit 3 is a transmission midpoint of output data of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8, and consists of a high-performance high-speed logic processing chip matched with a corresponding peripheral circuit and an interface circuit. The unit simultaneously acquires all output imaging data of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 at high speed, and transmits the data to the storage unit in a time-division multiplexing mode through a rapidIO optical transmission mode.
The storage unit 4 is used for storing the acquired data and realizing quick extraction and retrieval of big data in a frame extraction, space dimension extraction or spectrum dimension extraction mode in the stored data. The storage unit 4 is composed of a panel switch, an interface board, a main control board and a storage body. The panel switch controls the on-off of the input power to the memory unit 4 to determine whether the unit is operating. The interface board is used for receiving high-speed input data and realizing communication interaction with the outside. The main control board is a storage control center of the unit, and all data storage and reading operations of the bottom layer are scheduled and managed by the main control board, and the main control board comprises data transmission channel configuration, storage playback control, data cache management, catalog management, storage space management, storage medium module control, quick-looking data extraction and the like. The memory bank realizes the memory operation of input data, including data buffer control, erasure, writing, reading and error correction.
The upper computer 5 realizes a human-computer interface and has the functions of displaying system state information, displaying quick-view data and manually controlling system parameter configuration. The upper computer 5 is a highly reliable portable industrial personal computer, which needs to have TCP/IP communication capability and small data storage capability, and provides an operation environment and a man-machine interaction interface for a control program.
The gesture measurement unit 6 is used for measuring and recording gesture differences brought by the operation of the airborne platform, so that image geometric correction is realized through post-processing. In addition, the attitude measurement unit 6 may acquire GPS data and PPS second pulses and forward them to the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8, achieving time synchronization of the data of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8.
The gesture control unit 7 is used for compensating gesture differences brought by the operation of the airborne platform by using data measured by the gesture measurement unit, so that image stabilization is realized through real-time gesture stabilization. The middle of the gesture control unit 7 is provided with a hollow area which is vertically communicated, so that the optical down-looking function of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 can be conveniently realized.
The multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 generates multi-path camera data which are output to the data composite board 3, the power supply of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 is provided by the power supply distribution unit 1, and the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 is communicated and connected to the serial router 10 in the communication control unit 2 in a serial bus daisy-chain mode. The data combination unit 3 has a power input connected to the power distribution unit 1, a communication control line connected to the serial router 10 inside the communication control unit 2, and a data output line connected to the storage unit 4. The attitude measurement unit 6 is connected to the power distribution unit 1 at a power input, and the communication control line is connected to the serial router 10 and the network switch 9 inside the communication control unit 2. The gesture control unit 7 is connected to the power distribution unit 1 by a power input, and the communication control line is connected to the serial router 10 inside the communication control unit 2. The power input of the upper computer 5 is connected to the power distribution unit 1, and the communication control line is connected to the network switch 9 inside the communication control unit 2. The power input of the storage unit 4 is connected to the power distribution unit 1, and the communication control line is connected to the network switch 9 inside the communication control unit 2. The power input of the communication control unit 2 is connected to the power distribution unit 1. The power input of the power distribution unit 1 is connected to the power output interface of the airborne platform, and the communication control line is connected to the serial router 10 inside the communication control unit 2. The communication network port of the serial port router 10 in the control unit 2 is connected to the network switch 9 in the control unit 2.
The working principle of the invention comprises: the power distribution unit 1 is responsible for providing controllable power supply for the whole integrated platform and the carried multi-path hyperspectral cameras 8; the integrated platform and the carried instructions and state interaction among the multipath hyperspectral cameras 8 are collected and forwarded by the communication center node communication control unit 2 of the platform; the data acquired by the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 are collected by the data combination unit 3 and forwarded to the storage unit 4, and storage and quick viewing are realized; the control system of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 can synchronize the absolute time of the GPS time system through the second pulse information and the time information of the gesture measuring unit 6, thereby being convenient for realizing data synchronization; the attitude control unit 7 corrects the attitude of the aircraft through the attitude data of the attitude measurement unit 6, and realizes an attitude stabilization function.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The application is simple, and various hyperspectral cameras can be integrated.
The power supply, communication and data transmission interfaces of the hyperspectral camera are designed according to the interface protocol of the platform, or a conversion board is added to realize protocol conversion, so that the hyperspectral camera can be suitable for various hyperspectral cameras.
(2) The application is flexible, and multiple paths of hyperspectral cameras can be integrated.
The platform is provided with a multipath power output interface, a multipath data receiving channel, a bus type serial port control link supporting daisy chain expansion and a switching network port control link, so that the simultaneous operation of multiple cameras is conveniently supported.
(3) Support large data volume transfer, storage, and fast-view.
The platform comprises a data composite unit 3 and a storage unit 4, and advanced serial rapidIO optical communication is adopted between the data composite unit and the storage unit, so that long-distance high-reliability data transmission can be realized. Meanwhile, the storage unit 4 has high data throughput rate, large data storage capacity and high data processing capacity, and ensures high-speed transmission, storage and quick viewing of imaging data.
(4) And realizing data synchronization.
The multi-channel hyperspectral data fusion must require the generation of absolute time information for each data in the same time coordinate system. By means of the second pulse information and the time information of the gesture measuring unit 6, the control system of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 can synchronize the absolute time of the GPS time system, so that data synchronization is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of an on-board multi-way hyperspectral camera circuit integration system, wherein: 1. a power distribution unit; 2. a communication control unit; 3. a data composition unit; 4. a storage unit; 5. an upper computer; 6. a posture measurement unit; 7. a posture control unit; 8. a multi-path hyperspectral camera; 9. a network switch; 10. and a serial port router. Further, the solid line connection represents a power cable, the dotted line connection represents a communication cable, and the dotted line connection represents a data cable.
Detailed Description
A preferred example of the invention is given below in conjunction with fig. 1, primarily for further detailed description, but not to limit the scope of the invention:
the invention is composed of a power distribution unit 1, a communication control unit 2, a data combination unit 3, a storage unit 4, an upper computer 5, an attitude measurement unit 6 and an attitude control unit 7.
In this example, the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 is a 12-path hyperspectral camera, which is a visible near-infrared camera, a short-wave infrared camera, and a medium-long-wave infrared camera, respectively, and each band includes four cameras, and performs field-of-view stitching in the span direction. The power distribution unit 1 is self-grinding equipment, the input voltage range is 18-36Vdc, the output voltage is a 28Vdc standard airborne power supply meeting GJB181, the number of output paths is 20, and the output current is 2 paths 40A,6 paths 10A and 14 paths 5A. The communication control unit 2 is self-grinding equipment and is provided with 8 paths of serial ports, so that serial port communication interaction with the baud rate not more than 115200 can be realized; with a 4-way gigabit ethernet interface, network interactions based on the TCP/IP protocol can be achieved. The data composite unit 3 is self-grinding equipment and is provided with 12 paths of data input interfaces, the interfaces are in the form of optical fibers, the transmission protocol is serial data output, and the maximum data transmission rate is 2.7Gbps; the system is provided with 2 paths of data output interfaces, the interfaces are in the form of optical fibers, the transmission protocol is rapidIO, and the maximum data transmission rate of a single path is 10Gbps. The data multiplexing unit 3 obtains multiple paths of data and then sends out the data by adopting a time division multiplexing scheme. The storage unit 4 is self-grinding equipment and is provided with 2 paths of data input interfaces, the interfaces are in the form of optical fiber quantity, the transmission protocol is rapidIO, and the maximum data transmission rate of a single path is 10Gbps; the storage capacity is not less than 10T; the data transmission device is provided with a 2-way output transfer-out interface, the interface is in the form of an optical fiber, the transmission protocol is a TCP/IP protocol, and the total data transfer-out rate is not less than 600MB/s. The upper computer 5 is outsourcing equipment, and a Getac high-performance reinforced computer X500 is selected. The posture measuring unit 6 is an outsourcing device, and is a POS610 of APPLANIX company. The gesture control unit 7 is outsourcing equipment, and selects PAV80 stable platform of LEICA company.
The multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 generates multi-path camera data which are output to the data composite board 3, the power supply of the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 is provided by the power supply distribution unit 1, and the multi-path hyperspectral camera 8 is communicated and connected to the serial router 10 in the communication control unit 2 in a serial bus daisy-chain mode. The data combination unit 3 has a power input connected to the power distribution unit 1, a communication control line connected to the serial router 10 inside the communication control unit 2, and a data output line connected to the storage unit 4. The attitude measurement unit 6 is connected to the power distribution unit 1 at a power input, and the communication control line is connected to the serial router 10 and the network switch 9 inside the communication control unit 2. The gesture control unit 7 is connected to the power distribution unit 1 by a power input, and the communication control line is connected to the serial router 10 inside the communication control unit 2. The power input of the upper computer 5 is connected to the power distribution unit 1, and the communication control line is connected to the network switch 9 inside the communication control unit 2. The power input of the storage unit 4 is connected to the power distribution unit 1, and the communication control line is connected to the network switch 9 inside the communication control unit 2. The power input of the communication control unit 2 is connected to the power distribution unit 1. The power input of the power distribution unit 1 is connected to the power output interface of the airborne platform, and the communication control line is connected to the serial router 10 inside the communication control unit 2. The communication network port of the serial port router 10 in the control unit 2 is connected to the network switch 9 in the control unit 2.
Claims (1)
1. The circuit integrated system of the multipath imaging spectrometer comprises a power supply distribution unit (1), a communication control unit (2), a data compounding unit (3), a storage unit (4), an upper computer (5), an attitude measurement unit (6) and an attitude control unit (7), wherein the communication control unit (2) comprises a network switch (9) and a serial port router (10); the power supply distribution unit (1) realizes a power supply function; the communication control unit (2) and the upper computer (5) realize a communication control function; the storage unit (4) and the upper computer (5) realize a data quick-viewing function; the data composite unit (3) realizes a data transmission function; the data compounding unit (3) is a transmission midpoint of output data of the multi-path hyperspectral camera (8), and consists of a logic processing chip matched with a corresponding peripheral circuit and an interface circuit; the data combination unit (3) simultaneously acquires all output imaging data of the multi-path hyperspectral camera (8) at high speed, and transmits the imaging data to the storage unit (4) in a time-sharing multiplexing mode in a rapidIO optical transmission mode; the storage unit (4) realizes a data storage function; the gesture measuring unit (6) and the communication control unit (2) realize data synchronization; the attitude measurement unit (6) can acquire GPS data and PPS second pulses and forward the GPS data and the PPS second pulses to the multi-path hyperspectral camera (8), so that time synchronization of the data of the multi-path hyperspectral camera (8) is realized; the gesture measuring unit (6) and the gesture control unit (7) realize a gesture stabilizing function;
the multi-path hyperspectral camera (8) generates multi-path camera data which are output to the data composite board (3), the power supply of the multi-path hyperspectral camera (8) is provided by the power supply distribution unit (1), and the multi-path hyperspectral camera (8) is communicated and connected to the serial port router (10) in the communication control unit (2) in a serial port bus daisy chain mode; the power input of the data combination unit (3) is connected to the power distribution unit (1), the communication control line is connected to the serial router (10) inside the communication control unit (2), and the data output line is connected to the storage unit (4); the power input of the gesture measuring unit (6) is connected to the power distribution unit (1), and the communication control line is connected to the serial router (10) and the network switch (9) inside the communication control unit (2); the power input of the gesture control unit (7) is connected to the power distribution unit (1), and the communication control line is connected to the serial router (10) inside the communication control unit (2); the power input of the upper computer (5) is connected to the power distribution unit (1), and the communication control line is connected to the network switch (9) inside the communication control unit (2); the power input of the storage unit (4) is connected to the power distribution unit (1), and the communication control line is connected to a network switch (9) inside the communication control unit (2); the power input of the communication control unit (2) is connected to the power distribution unit (1); the power input of the power distribution unit (1) is connected to a power output interface of the airborne platform, and the communication control line is connected to a serial router (10) inside the communication control unit (2); the communication network port of the serial port router (10) in the control unit (2) is connected to the network switch (9) in the communication control unit (2).
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| JP2006507483A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2006-03-02 | エム７ ビジュアル インテリジェンス，エルピー | Data collection and processing system by mobile body |
| CN100498246C (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2009-06-10 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Machine-carried broom pushing type multidimension imaging device |
| CN101750615A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-23 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Onboard multi-sensor integration device |
| CN102654421A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | High-performance imaging spectrometer with high space and high spectral resolution |
| CN204832514U (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-12-02 | 北京数字绿土科技有限公司 | Integration multisensor laser radar scanning system |
| KR101619836B1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-05-11 | (주)아세아항측 | Hyperspectral Remote monitoring system using drone |
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