CN107192381A - A kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure - Google Patents
A kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107192381A CN107192381A CN201710373542.7A CN201710373542A CN107192381A CN 107192381 A CN107192381 A CN 107192381A CN 201710373542 A CN201710373542 A CN 201710373542A CN 107192381 A CN107192381 A CN 107192381A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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Abstract
A kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure, comprises the following steps：Step one：Formulate measurement scheme：The measurement scheme of detailed disorder space is formulated according to the characteristics of engineering；Step 2：Set up BIM construction models；Step 3：The coordinate data of layout point is extracted, the three-dimensional coordinate data of layout point according to needed for being extracted BIM construction models, and coordinate data is importing directly into total powerstation；Step 4：Lay control net：The original point that construction unit provides is checked, treats that check is qualified, control point is laid to job site, control net is formed, the control net includes horizontal control network and vertical vertical control network；Step 5：Layout point is positioned on the spot.The features such as present invention has safety, is applicable, has and promotes well and practical value, can extensively using engineering surveying and locating technology, build complex-shaped various surveying and locating, good economic benefit can be produced after extensive popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method of engineering survey setting-out, more particularly to a kind of survey of any disorder space structure
Measure setting out method.
Background technology
With the development of construction industry, the design increasingly diversification of modern architecture thing, modern design is attractive in appearance, plane is multiple
Miscellaneous, curvilinear motion is abundant, spatial variations are big, both horizontally and vertically all the space structure of irregular, arc-shaped curved surface body it is flat
The building of face structure makes rapid progress, and mutually tackles surveying and locating work and proposes higher requirement.Particularly can more rapidly, it is more smart
The true construction lofting to disorder space structure.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure, prior art construction is solved
The big technical problem of survey crew's construction survey setting-out difficulty, and solve prior art calculating workload data greatly, operating efficiency
Low technical problem.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one：Formulate measurement scheme：The measurement scheme of detailed disorder space is formulated according to the characteristics of engineering；
Step 2：Set up BIM construction models：The design and construction drawing provided according to construction unit enters with electronic edition construction drawing
Row is checked, after calibration is consistent, and electronic edition construction drawing is imported in the revit softwares of autodesk, inc. and sets up BIM construction models；
Step 3：Extract the coordinate data of layout point：The three-dimensional coordinate number of layout point according to needed for being extracted BIM construction models
According to, and coordinate data is importing directly into total powerstation；
Step 4：Lay control net：The original point that construction unit provides is checked using the method for first-order traverse, waits to check and closes
Lattice, chopped-off head polygon control survey point is laid to job site, forms control net, and the control net includes horizontal control network and upright controling
Net；
Step 5：Layout point is positioned on the spot：Survey station is set, control point, root are laid to scene according to original point in step 4
Factually total powerstation, is then erected on survey station point by the position selection survey station point of layout point, after total powerstation centering, leveling,
Ensure that the backsight point distance of the total powerstation is more than the coordinate data of survey station point in the distance of preceding viewpoint, selection total powerstation internal memory,
The instrument height of total powerstation is inputted again, and by the data of input, survey station is set；
The coordinate data of backsight point is transferred, input coordinate data and prism height into total powerstation sight backsight point progress
Orientation, orientation result is calculated and be shown with total powerstation, the program then carried using the total powerstation that setting completed uses polar coordinates
Method, the data of layout point are transferred from total powerstation, are then rotated and ranging, treat angular deviation, range deviation, elevation
After deviation is equal to zero, the point seeks to the actual point position of setting-out.
It is further preferred that the step 5 comprises the following steps：
Step one, total powerstation is set up：Total powerstation is erected to the survey station point for pre-setting and finishing, and to total powerstation progress pair
In, leveling；
Step 2, sets total powerstation；Click [setting-out], and clicked in the menu of ejection in [program] menu【Set】
Key just enters survey station, backsight point and sets dialog box；The coordinate data of survey station point is transferred, the height of total powerstation is inputted into total powerstation
Pressed after data【It is determined that】Or【ENT】Key, transfers the coordinate data of backsight point, is pressed after the altitude information that prism is inputted into total powerstation
【It is determined that】Or【ENT】Key；The placement of prism site one prism on backsight point, the prism of backsight point is sighted with total powerstation, is pressed【Really
It is fixed】Or【ENT】Key, now total powerstation be provided with, system-computed goes out azimuth, clicks【Set】Or【ENT】Key, in the screen
In set rear apparent azimuth；
Step 3：Construction layout point, comprises the following steps on the spot：
1. exist【Program】Clicked in menu【Setting-out】, and clicked in the menu of ejection【Point setting-out】.
2. input treats that the roll-call of setting-out and prism are high in the dialog box of ejection, and system can be called automatically.
3. set after layout point, click【Setting-out】Or【ENT】Just start setting-out, sight prism centers, click【Measurement】
Key starts measurement.
4. rotate instrument and find portion accurately, " Turn " item is shown as 0 with " → " item, and command the mobile prism of vertical chi person to prism
Site two.
5. prism centers are sighted, are clicked【Measurement】Key starts measurement, and commands the vertical movable prism of chi person to make " Away "
Item and " ↑ " item are shown as 0.
6. four displays 0 are worth more than, represent to find the point for treating setting-out.
7. setting-out terminates, and clicks【It is determined that】Or press【ENT】Key is exited, shown in screen display, repeat step 2.~6. complete
The setting-out of other points.
Further, when job location temperature is subzero, the control point in the step 4 is located at frozen soil layer
Below.
In addition, horizontal control network in the step 4 is set up using the method for traverse survey, the laying of traverse point according to
On-site actual situations determine that wire uses first-order traverse, and the wire average length is less than within 100m, mean square error of angle observation 5 ",
The ranging phase error of centralization is within 1/30000, and wire adjustment is using accurate error compensation method.
It is further preferred that the upright controling net in the step 4 is set up using the method for the measurement of the level, the level is surveyed
Measure as the third measurement of the level, the transmission point pre-set using the method foundation of suspension steel ruler is communicated up, the steel at three
The reading of chi enters trip temperature, chi length and tension correction, when the absolute altitude relative error of transmission is less than 3mm, takes its average value conduct
The absolute altitude benchmark of construction layer.
Compared with prior art the invention has the characteristics that and beneficial effect：
Prior art surveying and locating data are manually computed from logarithmize table to function type calculator, big-and-middle-sized requirement of engineering
Three-four individual calculus, and the precision and correctness of data, computational efficiency low influence duration can not be ensured.The present invention passes through wound
BIM information models are built, the data of surveying and locating point are automatically extracted, cancel the cumbersome of calculating, and precision is high, can be according to actual feelings
Condition, which sets range accuracy, arrives 0.1mm, and angle precision setting to 0.0 ＂ or higher precision, only a small amount of survey engineer is just completed
The extraction of total data, saves and calculates survey engineer, improves minimum 3 times of effect or more.
The present invention uses the surveying and locating technology of any disorder space structure of total powerstation polar coordinates during actual setting-out,
Setting-out is easy, quick, precision is high, affected by environment small；So that layout point is quickly positioned, coordinate steel ruler with traditional theodolite
Surveying and locating, survey sets each layout point and saves the time 50% or so, while reducing survey engineer input 50%.Greatly speed up
Construction speed.
The input of the capital equipments such as 50% total powerstation can be reduced using the present invention, total powerstation pole coordinates lofting is simple to operate,
Flexibly, it is adapted to the setting-out of Arbitrary 3 D spatial point, guarantee is provided for construction quality.
The present invention have safety, be applicable the features such as, have well promote and practical value, can extensively using engineering measurement
Setting-out technique, builds complex-shaped various surveying and locating.Good economic benefit can be produced after extensive popularization and application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is total powerstation polar coordinate measurement setting-out schematic diagram of the present invention；
Reference：1- survey stations point；2- backsight points；3- total powerstations；4- prisms site one；5- layout points；6- disorder spaces
Structure；7- prisms site two.
Embodiment
To be easy to understand technological means, character of innovation, reached purpose and effect of the invention realized, below to this
Invention is further illustrated.
The embodiment recorded herein is the specific embodiment of the present invention, the design for illustrating the present invention,
It is explanatory and exemplary, should not be construed as the limitation to embodiment of the present invention and the scope of the invention.Except what is recorded herein
Implement exception, those skilled in the art can also be based on the application claims and specification disclosure of that using aobvious
The other technical schemes being clear to, these technical schemes include any obvious using making for the embodiment to recording herein
The technical scheme of substitutions and modifications.
The present invention provides a kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure, particularly plane complicated, curvilinear motion
Abundant, spatial variations are big, both horizontally and vertically all the space structure of irregular, the engineering of the planar structure of arc-shaped curved surface body
Surveying and locating method.Comprise the following steps：
Step one：Formulate measurement scheme：The measurement scheme of detailed disorder space 6 is formulated according to the characteristics of engineering.
Step 2：Set up BIM construction models：The design and construction drawing provided according to construction unit enters with electronic edition construction drawing
Row is checked, after calibration is consistent, and electronic edition construction drawing is imported in the revit softwares of autodesk, inc. and sets up BIM construction models.
Step 3：Extract the coordinate data of layout point：The three-dimensional coordinate number of layout point according to needed for being extracted BIM construction models
According to, and coordinate data is importing directly into total powerstation 3.
Step 4：Lay control net：According to《Code for engineering surveying》(GB50026-2007) using the method for first-order traverse
Check construction unit provide original point, original point be owner before construction by local Mapping departments to control job site build
The point of thing positioning is built, comprising coordinate data and altitude data, general owner gives 2~3.Treat that check is qualified, to job site cloth
If control point, control net is formed, the control net includes horizontal control network and upright controling net；Control point is laid in building
When, the progress simulation spotting in BIM models should be shifted to an earlier date, to prevent influenceing structure or being blocked；The precision of plane control
It is required that should meet《Code for engineering surveying》(GB50026-2007) require；Horizontal control network is set up using the method for traverse survey,
The laying of traverse point determines that wire uses first-order traverse according to on-site actual situations, and the wire average length is less than 100m, surveys
Within error 5 in angle ", the ranging phase error of centralization is within 1/30000, and wire adjustment uses rigorous adjustment methods.Vertically
Control net using the measurement of the level method set up, the measurement of the level be the third measurement of the level, using suspension steel ruler method according to
According to the transmission point pre-set, it is communicated up at three, steel ruler reading enters trip temperature, chi length and tension correction, the absolute altitude of transmission
It is poor be less than 3mm when, take its average value as the absolute altitude benchmark of construction layer, otherwise, should transmit again, until transmission absolute altitude compared with
Difference is less than 3mm.
Step 5：Layout point is positioned on the spot：Total powerstation 3 is erected on survey station point 1, job location temperature is in subzero
Area, control point position should be below frozen soil layer.After the centering of total powerstation 3, leveling, it is ensured that the backsight point distance of the total powerstation 3
More than the distance of preceding viewpoint, the coordinate data of survey station point in total powerstation internal memory is selected, then inputs instrument height, is set by the data of input
Put survey station.Next to that orientation, transfers the coordinate data of backsight point 2, input coordinate data and prism height into total powerstation 3 shine
Quasi- backsight point 2 is oriented, and orientation result is calculated and be shown in total powerstation.Then the journey carried using the total powerstation 3 that setting completed
Sequence uses polar coordinate method, and the data of layout point are transferred from total powerstation 3, by rotation, ranging that angular deviation, distance is inclined
When difference, height variation are equal to zero, the point seeks to the actual point position of setting-out.Total powerstation polar coordinate measurement as shown in Figure 1 is put
Sample schematic diagram, specifically comprises the following steps (by taking a kind of total powerstation of model as an example)：
Step one, total powerstation 3 is set up：Total powerstation 3 is erected to the survey station point 1 for pre-setting and finishing, and total powerstation 3 is entered
Row centering, leveling；
Step 2, sets total powerstation 3；Click [setting-out], and clicked in the menu of ejection in [program] menu【If
Put】Key just enters survey station, backsight point and sets dialog box.
The coordinate data of survey station point 1 is transferred, is pressed after the altitude information that total powerstation 3 is inputted into total powerstation 3【It is determined that】Or【ENT】
Key.The coordinate data of backsight point 2 is transferred, is pressed after the altitude information that prism is inputted into total powerstation 3【It is determined that】Or【ENT】Key；
Prism is disposed on backsight point 2, the prism on backsight point 2 is sighted with total powerstation 3, presses【It is determined that】Or【ENT】Key, now total powerstation 3
It is provided with, system-computed goes out azimuth, clicks【Set】Or【ENT】Key, apparent azimuth after being set in the screen.
Step 3：Construction layout point, comprises the following steps on the spot：
1. exist【Program】Clicked in menu【Setting-out】, and clicked in the menu of ejection【Point setting-out】.
2. input treats that the roll-call of setting-out and prism are high in the dialog box of ejection, and system can be called automatically.
3. set after layout point, click【Setting-out】Or【ENT】Just start setting-out, sight prism centers, click【Measurement】
Key starts measurement.
4. rotate instrument and find portion accurately, " Turn " item is shown as 0 with " → " item, and command vertical chi person to move to prism site two
7。
5. prism centers are sighted, are clicked【Measurement】Key starts measurement, and commands the vertical movable prism of chi person to make " Away "
Item and " ↑ " item are shown as 0.
6. four displays 0 are worth more than, represent to find the point for treating setting-out.
7. setting-out terminates, and clicks【It is determined that】Or press【ENT】Key is exited, repeat step 2.~6. complete other point setting-out
Silk reading in DS3 spirit levels is used the present invention relates to elevation pilot measurement, typically using annexed leveling line.
The present invention sets up BIM models according to the electronic edition drawing of designing institute using the revit softwares of autodesk, inc.,
Directly extract institute palpus layout point three-dimensional coordinate data, reduce calculating workload data, improve operating efficiency, eliminate numerous
Trivial coordinate data is calculated, and the probability of human error is reduced to a certain extent, particularly complicated, irregular positioning is carried
The high accuracy of location data.Construction simulation can be carried out before construction lofting, pinpoints the problems solve the problems, such as in advance.Past measurement
Setting out data is manually computed with function type calculator, and can not ensure the precision and correctness of data, is easily produced and is calculated wrong
Miss and input error, the computational efficiency low influence duration.Total powerstation method of polar coordinates is used during actual setting-out, is adapted to any nothing
The surveying and locating of ordered spaces system point, is not limited by any condition, can quickly be positioned.Traditional theodolite coordinates steel ruler measurement
Setting-out, it is impossible to meet the requirement constructed now, particularly in work high above the ground, operating personnel are can not to measure size with steel ruler, it is full
The foot not requirement of present construction.Inefficiency, increases labo r usage, influences the duration.This construction method setting-out point data is carried
Take easily and fast, accurately；Total powerstation pole coordinates lofting is simple to operate, flexible, is adapted to the setting-out of Arbitrary 3 D spatial point, to apply
Working medium amount, which is provided, to be ensured；Total powerstation 3-6 platforms are put into the original plan according to mega project, and actual used device 3 saves measurement special
The people of industrial engineering (IE) teacher 4, project management department's original measurement expense puts into 1,000,000 yuan, and actual 600,000 yuan of measurement input saves expense input 400,000,
Save equipment and capital invested.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one：Formulate measurement scheme：The measurement scheme of detailed disorder space (6) is formulated according to the characteristics of engineering；
Step 2：Set up BIM construction models：The design and construction drawing provided according to construction unit carries out school with electronic edition construction drawing
Core, after calibration is consistent, electronic edition construction drawing is imported in the revit softwares of autodesk, inc. and sets up BIM construction models；
Step 3：Extract the coordinate data of layout point：The three-dimensional coordinate data of layout point according to needed for being extracted BIM construction models,
And coordinate data is importing directly into total powerstation (3)；
Step 4：Lay control net：The original point that construction unit provides is checked using the method for first-order traverse, treats that check is qualified,
Chopped-off head polygon control survey point is laid to job site, control net is formed, the control net includes horizontal control network and upright controling net；
Step 5：Layout point is positioned on the spot：Survey station is set, control point is laid to scene according to original point in step 4, according to reality
Ground layout point position selection survey station point (1), then total powerstation (3) is erected on survey station point (1), by total powerstation (3) centering,
After leveling, it is ensured that the backsight point distance of the total powerstation (3) is more than survey station point in the distance of preceding viewpoint, selection total powerstation internal memory
(1) coordinate data, then the instrument height of total powerstation (3) is inputted, by the data of input, survey station is set；
The coordinate data of backsight point (2) is transferred, input coordinate data and prism height into total powerstation (3) sight backsight point (2)
It is oriented, orientation result is calculated and be shown with total powerstation (3), the program then carried using the total powerstation (3) that setting completed
Using polar coordinate methods, the data of layout point are transferred from total powerstation (3), then rotated and ranging, treat angular deviation,
After range deviation, height variation are equal to zero, the point seeks to the actual point position of setting-out.
2. a kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Five comprise the following steps：
Step one, Jia sets total powerstation (3)：Total powerstation (3) is erected to the survey station point (1) for pre-setting and finishing, and to total powerstation
(3) centering, leveling are carried out；
Step 2, sets total powerstation (3)；Click [setting-out], and clicked in the menu of ejection in [program] menu【Set】
Key just enters survey station, backsight point and sets dialog box；
The coordinate data of survey station point (1) is transferred, is pressed into total powerstation (3) after the altitude information of input total powerstation (3)【It is determined that】Or
【ENT】Key, transfers the coordinate data of backsight point (2), is pressed into total powerstation (3) after the altitude information of input prism【It is determined that】Or
【ENT】Key；Prism site one (4) placement prism on backsight point (2), the prism of backsight point (2) is sighted with total powerstation (3),
Press【It is determined that】Or【ENT】Key, now total powerstation (3) be provided with, system-computed goes out azimuth, clicks【Set】Or【ENT】Key,
Apparent azimuth after being set in the screen；
Step 3：Construction layout point, comprises the following steps on the spot：
1. exist【Program】Clicked in menu【Setting-out】, and clicked in the menu of ejection【Point setting-out】；
2. input treats that the roll-call of setting-out and prism are high in the dialog box of ejection, and system can be called automatically；
3. set after layout point, click【Setting-out】Or【ENT】Just start setting-out, sight prism centers, click【Measurement】Key is opened
Dynamic measurement；
4. rotate instrument and find portion accurately, " Turn " item is shown as 0 with " → " item, and command the mobile prism of vertical chi person to prism site
Two (7)；
5. prism centers are sighted, are clicked【Measurement】Key starts measurement, and command the vertical movable prism of chi person make " Away " item with
" ↑ " item is shown as 0；
6. four displays 0 are worth more than, represent to find the point for treating setting-out；
7. setting-out terminates, and clicks【It is determined that】Or press【ENT】Key is exited, shown in screen display, repeat step 2.~6. complete other
The setting-out of point.
3. a kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure as described in power requires 1, it is characterised in that：Job location temperature
When spending for subzero, the control point in the step 4 is located at below frozen soil layer.
4. a kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure as described in power requires 1, it is characterised in that：The step 4
In horizontal control network set up using the method for traverse survey, the laying of traverse point determines that wire is adopted according to on-site actual situations
With first-order traverse, the wire average length is less than within 100m, mean square error of angle observation 5 ", and the ranging phase error of centralization is 1/30000
Within, wire adjustment is using accurate error compensation method.
5. a kind of surveying and locating method of any disorder space structure as described in power requires 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that：
Upright controling net in the step 4 is set up using the method for the measurement of the level, and the measurement of the level is the third measurement of the level, is adopted
With the method for suspension steel ruler according to the transmission point pre-set, it is communicated up at three, the reading of the steel ruler enters trip temperature, chi
Long and tension correction, when the absolute altitude relative error of transmission is less than 3mm, takes its average value as the absolute altitude benchmark of construction layer.
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