CN107191342A - All-weather solar electricity-generating method and system based on heat engine expansion work - Google Patents
All-weather solar electricity-generating method and system based on heat engine expansion work Download PDFInfo
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- CN107191342A CN107191342A CN201710576954.0A CN201710576954A CN107191342A CN 107191342 A CN107191342 A CN 107191342A CN 201710576954 A CN201710576954 A CN 201710576954A CN 107191342 A CN107191342 A CN 107191342A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of all-weather solar electricity-generating method and system based on heat engine expansion work, the system includes solar energy heat-collection field, heat accumulation thermal desorption system and heat engine expansion runtime；Solar energy heat-collection field includes solar thermal collector, cold heat transfer media main pipe and high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe；Heat accumulation thermal desorption system and heat engine expansion runtime are connected in parallel between cold heat transfer media main pipe and high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe；Top packing area, intermediate filler area and bottom filling area are provided with the heat storage can body of heat accumulation thermal desorption system；Heat engine expansion runtime includes thermal expansion machine, generator etc..The double-circuit system that this method is separated using heat transfer heat accumulation, heat transfer medium cyclic absorption solar energy in solar energy heat-collection field, exchange heat to store or obtain heat energy with energy-accumulating medium in heat accumulation thermal desorption system, generated electricity in heat engine expansion runtime by expansion work, heat accumulation exothermal effect and generating efficiency are improved as heat transfer medium using compressed gas medium simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar heat power technology, a kind of all-weather solar hair based on heat engine expansion work is particularly related to
Method for electrically and system.
Background technology
Solar energy thermal-power-generating, is also focus type solar energy generating (Concentrating Solar Power, abbreviation
CSP), it is the heating working medium a large amount of speculums so that solar energy direct light to gather together by way of focusing on, produces HTHP
Steam, by steam drive steam turbine power generation.
Currently, solar energy thermal-power-generating is mainly divided into according to solar energy acquisition mode：Solar groove type generates electricity, solar column
Formula heat generates electricity, solar energy dish-style heat generates electricity.1) trough system is that sunlight is focused on into tubulose using parabolic cylinder slot type speculum
Receiver on, and the working medium heating in pipe is produced into steam, promotes conventional steam turbine power generation.2) tower system is using numerous
Heliostat, by solar heat radiation reflection to being placed on the high temperature heat collector at the top of high tower, heating working medium produces superheated steam, or
Directly heat the water in heat collector and produce superheated steam, driving steam turbine generating set generates electricity.3) disk system is poly- using curved surface
Light reflection mirror, focal point is gathered in by incident sunlight, in focal point heating heat absorption working medium, is driven heat engine, is realized photoelectric conversion.
The heat transfer medium of solar energy thermal-power-generating, typically using fused salt, conduction oil or air.Wherein, fused salt is typically by all
Mixture such as potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride is constituted, and its feature is cheap, and heat-conductive characteristic is good, Ke Yi
It is stored under normal pressure in tun and carries out heat accumulation as energy-accumulating medium simultaneously.However, because fused salt has relatively high solidification
Point (120~240 DEG C), the pipeline flowed through needs to be preheated when system starts, so as to cause extra energy expenditure；
In addition, fused salt material requires high to the corrosion resistance of tubing, so as to can increase the use cost of tubing.Biography is used as using conduction oil
During thermal medium, conduction oil, which absorbs to be transported in follow-up system after solar thermal energy, to be utilized；When carrying out heat accumulation, conduction oil is made simultaneously
It is stored into for heat-storage medium in one or more heat conduction oil tanks, when needing to carry out heat release, by the high-temperature heat-conductive in heat conduction oil tank
Oil is delivered directly to follow-up system and utilized.However, current conduction oil operating temperature must be controlled on 400 degrees Celsius of left sides
The right side, will cause the problems such as heat conduction oil-breaking, viscosity raising and heat transfer efficiency are reduced, so as to limit too beyond this temperature
The operating temperature and generating efficiency of positive energy thermal electric generator.It is specifically that low pressure is empty as the scheme of heat transfer medium using hot-air
Gas is heated first in solar collector, is sent to heat recovery steam production system (Heat Recovery Steam
Generating, abbreviation HRSG) in heating water produce steam, subsequent steam be sent in steam turbine do work, drive generator hair
Electricity.However, this scheme the disadvantage is that, low-pressure air thermal capacitance is smaller, convection transfer rate is low, therefore causes in pipeline empty
Gas carries the ability of heat, and the flow velocity of air is too high, and integrated piping Pressure Loss Ratio is larger.
Due to by round the clock, season, the factor such as weather influenceed, the heat energy of solar energy heat-collection field collection is not only to be interrupted but also not
Stable.In order to ensure the stability and continuation of solar energy thermal-power-generating, fossil fuel engine can be added in electricity generation system,
When sun photo-labile, supplemented and generated electricity by fossil fuel engine.Also have using the storage in parallel with solar energy heat-collection field
Hot systems, heat is stored when solar radiation energy is sufficient, and when solar radiation energy is not enough, release heat is generated electricity.It is existing
Hold over system typically carry out heat accumulation by the way of the heat transfer mediums such as fused salt, conduction oil are stored in storage tank；Because gas is passed
The thermal capacitance of thermal medium is low, and heat storage capacity is poor, therefore this mode is not suitable for gaseous heat transfer medium.
In order to concentrate heat energy, generating efficiency is improved, the plane skylight/heat collector for generally receiving sunshine uses modularization cloth
Office, is connected by complicated pipeline to each other, when each group solar thermal collector is heated uneven in systems, can bring heat transfer medium
Resistance in pipe-line system is unbalance, causes the problem of bias current, cutout.Because gas working medium heat-transfer capability is poor, flow velocity is too high,
The reason such as heat collecting pipeline is long, above mentioned problem is particularly dashed forward in the groove type solar heat collecting field for use air as heat transfer medium
Go out, had a strong impact on the heat transfer efficiency of collecting system.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of heat transfer heat accumulation efficiency high, the swollen based on heat engine of round-the-clock generating can be realized
The all-weather solar electricity-generating method and system of swollen acting.
To achieve the above object, the all-weather solar electricity-generating method provided by the present invention based on heat engine expansion work,
Applied to including solar energy heat-collection field, heat accumulation thermal desorption system and heat engine expand runtime solar power system in, including
Following steps：1) solar energy heat-collection field absorbs solar energy and heats cold heat transfer media, and gained high-temperature heat-transfer medium is transported to heat
Generated electricity and/or be transported to exchange heat with energy-accumulating medium in heat accumulation thermal desorption system in machine expansion runtime and carry out heat accumulation；2) will
High temperature heat transfer Jie that the high-temperature heat-transfer medium of the solar energy heat-collection field output heats up and obtained with being exchanged heat via heat accumulation thermal desorption system
Matter is transported to heat engine expansion runtime and generated electricity simultaneously, or the high temperature heat transfer for individually obtaining heat accumulation thermal desorption system heat release
Medium is transported in heat engine expansion runtime and generated electricity；3) high-temperature heat-transfer medium discharges heat in heat engine expansion runtime
Can after obtained cold heat transfer media return to solar energy heat-collection field and carry out thermal-arrest again and/or return to heat accumulation thermal desorption system to enter again
Row heat exchange heating；In above-mentioned steps, the heat transfer medium is compressed gas medium, and its pressure is not less than 0.1Mpa, described with pressure
Gas medium includes the one or more in air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, methane, vapor.The compressed gas are situated between
The circulating pressure of matter is preferably 0.1Mpa~10MPa, more preferably 0.1Mpa~3MPa；The heat engine expands runtime
Generated electricity by high-temperature heat-transfer medium expansion work.
Preferably, when the heat accumulation thermal desorption system carries out heat accumulation, heat transfer medium flows through energy-accumulating medium from top to bottom；The storage
When exothermic heat system carries out heat release, heat transfer medium flows through energy-accumulating medium from the bottom up.Because heat-transfer medium temperature is higher, in pressure
On the premise of constant, density is typically also bigger, by above-mentioned flow direction, during heat accumulation, and heat transfer medium is small in upper temp high density, bottom
Temperature low-density is big, is conducive to the top-down flowing of heat transfer medium；Conversely, during heat release, heat transfer medium is highly dense in upper temp
Degree is small, and temperature of lower low-density is big, is conducive to the flowing of heat transfer medium from bottom to top.
Preferably, the heat accumulation thermal desorption system is provided with multiple filler subregions, and when carrying out heat accumulation, it is same that heat transfer medium presses subregion
When or successively pass through each filler subregion carry out heat accumulation；When carrying out heat release, heat transfer medium presses subregion simultaneously or successively by each filler
Subregion obtains heat.For the heat accumulation tank body of not subregion, heat transfer medium enters from one end, from other end outflow, along stream during heat accumulation
It is gradually reduced to temperature, the heat accumulating quick heating first heated, the heat accumulating heating heated afterwards is slow；Edge flows to temperature during heat release
Gradually rise, the heat accumulating cooling of first heat release is fast, the heat accumulating cooling of rear heat release is slow, thus causes hold over system heat accumulation to be put
The problems such as hot total amount is relatively low, heat conduction efficiency declines.And when using the heat exchange of multiple filler subregions, can flexibly realize a variety of subregions
Heat exchange pattern, for example, enter from different subregions successively, from the outflow of last subregion；And for example enter simultaneously from the subregion of odd indexed
(entering from the first subregion, the second subregion goes out, while from the 3rd subregion enters, the 4th subregion goes out) is flowed out from the subregion of even number sequence number,
Or enter from even number subregion, odd number subregion goes out；And for example enter respectively from one end of each subregion, from the other end stream of same subregion
Go out, etc..Optimal subregion heat exchange pattern can be selected when using according to actual conditions, to obtain optimal heat accumulation exothermal effect.
Preferably, the heat accumulation thermal desorption system is included in heat accumulation tank body, the heat storage can body according to filling energy-accumulating medium
Position different demarcation is the top packing area, more than one intermediate filler area and bottom filling area being sequentially communicated；The storage
Exothermic heat system is when carrying out heat accumulation, and the high-temperature heat-transfer medium from solar energy heat-collection field enters at the top of heat accumulation tank body first
Enter, pass sequentially through top packing area, each intermediate filler area and bottom filling area (top, bottom are relative bearing in the present invention,
The corresponding intrument left and right ends when device traverse), the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling flows from the bottom of heat accumulation tank body
Solar energy heat-collection field is returned after going out；When top packing area temperature is increased to setting value, high-temperature heat-transfer medium is switched to from top
First intermediate filler area below packing area enters, and passes sequentially through first intermediate filler area and each centre below is filled out
Expect area and bottom filling area, the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling returns to solar energy after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body
Heat collecting field；When first intermediate filler area temperature is increased to setting value, high-temperature heat-transfer medium is switched to be filled out from second centre
Expect that area enters, pass sequentially through second intermediate filler area and each intermediate filler area and bottom filling area below, through heat exchange
The obtained cold heat transfer media that cools returns to solar energy heat-collection field after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body；The rest may be inferred, until high
Warm heat transfer medium switches to the intermediate filler area entrance from bottom, from the outflow of bottom filling area, and makes bottom filling area
Temperature be increased to setting value, complete the heat accumulation of heat accumulation tank body, the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling is from heat accumulation tank body
Bottom outflow after return to solar energy heat-collection field.The program is prevented effectively from the local mistake of energy-accumulating medium by the way of successively heat accumulation
Heat, and energy storage dead band is reduced, improve the heat accumulation efficiency of heat accumulation thermal desorption system.
Preferably, the heat accumulation thermal desorption system is when carrying out heat release, and the cryogenic heat transfer for expanding runtime from heat engine is situated between
Matter enters from the bottom of heat accumulation tank body first, passes sequentially through bottom filling area, each intermediate filler area and top packing area, through heat exchange
The obtained high-temperature heat-transfer medium that heats up enters heat engine after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body and expands runtime；When bottom filling area
When temperature is reduced to setting value, cold heat transfer media is switched to be entered from first intermediate filler area above bottom filling area,
First intermediate filler area and its each intermediate filler area of top and top packing area are passed sequentially through, is obtained through heat exchange heating
High-temperature heat-transfer medium enters heat engine after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body and expands runtime；When first intermediate filler area temperature
When being reduced to setting value, cold heat transfer media is switched to be entered from second intermediate filler area, passes sequentially through second centre
Packing area and its each intermediate filler area of top and top packing area, through the heat exchange obtained high-temperature heat-transfer medium of heating from heat storage can
Enter heat engine after the top outflow of body and expand runtime；The rest may be inferred, until cold heat transfer media is switched to from the top
One intermediate filler area enters, from the outflow of top packing area, and the temperature of top packing area is increased to setting value, completes heat accumulation
The heat release of tank body, the high-temperature heat-transfer medium obtained through heat exchange heating enters heat engine expansion after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body and run
System.The program effectively increases the exothermal efficiency of heat accumulation thermal desorption system by the way of successively heat release, realizes system to difference
The speed and effect responded during load variations.
Invention also provides a kind of all-weather solar electricity generation system based on heat engine expansion work, including solar energy
Heat collecting field, heat accumulation thermal desorption system, heat engine expansion runtime, the first pressue device and the second pressue device；The solar energy collection
Thermal field includes the cold heat transfer media main pipe and the height as high-temperature heat-transfer medium output end as cold heat transfer media input
Warm heat transfer medium main pipe；The heat accumulation thermal desorption system and heat engine expansion runtime be arranged in parallel at cold heat transfer media main pipe with
Between high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe；The heat accumulation thermal desorption system is included in heat accumulation tank body, the heat storage can body according to filling energy storage
The position different demarcation of medium is the top packing area, more than one intermediate filler area and bottom filling area being sequentially communicated；
Wherein top packing area is connected by top switching valve with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe, bottom filling area by bottom switching valve and
Cold heat transfer media main pipe is connected, and each intermediate filler area passes through each corresponding middle switching valve and middle area connecting tube
It is connected；One end of the middle area connecting tube is connected by middle area high temperature switching valve with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe, it is described in
Between the other end of area's connecting tube be connected by middle low temp area switching valve with cold heat transfer media main pipe；First pressue device
It is arranged on the pipeline section that cold heat transfer media main pipe corresponds between heat accumulation thermal desorption system and solar energy heat-collection field；Second pressurization
Device is arranged on cold heat transfer media main pipe corresponding to the pipeline section between heat accumulation thermal desorption system and heat engine expansion runtime.It is described
First pressue device, the second pressue device to heat transfer medium by being pressurizeed to supplement the pressure that it loses in flow process
Power.Heat engine expansion runtime has thermal expansion machine, the generator with the linkage of thermal expansion machine and supporting with thermal expansion machine
Residual-heat exchanger, the thermal source input of the thermal expansion machine is connected with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe, the heat of the thermal expansion machine
Source output terminal is connected with the heat transfer medium inlet of residual-heat exchanger, the heat transfer medium outlet and cryogenic heat transfer of the residual-heat exchanger
Medium main pipe is connected, and the cold water input of the residual-heat exchanger is connected with user's cold water piping, the heat of the residual-heat exchanger
Water output end is connected with user's hot water pipe system；The heat engine expansion runtime also has auxiliary heating boiler, and the auxiliary adds
The heat transfer medium inlet tube of heat boiler is connected with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe, the heat transfer medium outlet pipe of the auxiliary heating boiler
It is connected with the thermal source input of thermal expansion machine.
Preferably, the solar energy heat-collection field includes some solar thermal collectors in vertically and horizontally array arrangement, each vertical
Each solar thermal collector in nematic shares the thermal-collecting tube of a segmentation series connection insertion, the input and low temperature of each thermal-collecting tube
Heat transfer medium main pipe is connected, and the output end of each thermal-collecting tube is connected with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe；Between adjacent two thermal-collecting tubes
Pass through some spaced distribution header lateral direction penetratings.The program uses distribution header to solve gaseous heat transfer medium in complexity
Pipe-line system in resistance it is unbalance cause the problem of bias current, cutout, heat transfer medium, which enters after distribution header, changes original straight
The flow direction of line style, realizes intersection flow direction of the heat transfer medium between each heat transfer unit so that overall solar energy heat-collection field becomes
In being heated evenly, pressure-control valve is further set respectively on each thermal-collecting tube, in real time regulation solar energy heat-collection field air-flow stream
Amount distribution, realizes the reliable and stable operation of total system.
Preferably, the thermal-collecting tube is preferably with inner fin or the thermal-collecting tube of interior extension fin.Inner fin can be straight
Fin, triangular fin, annular fin etc.；Can also be using prefabricated fin shape metal grate be fastened in thermal-collecting tube etc.
With conversion pattern.Compared with the thermal-collecting tube of straight tube, bellows or screw thread tubular construction, the thermal-arrest with inner fin or interior extension fin
The heat transfer area of pipe is bigger, improves heat transfer efficiency, realizes that passive facilitation conducts heat.
Preferably, the energy-accumulating medium is high specific heat solid material or phase-change heat-storage material, and its shape can be spherical, post
Shape, netted, rhombus or irregular shape etc., are deposited in heat-storing device and form loose structure.It is highly preferred that the high specific heat
Solid material is the one or more in quartz sand, iron sand, cast iron, iron ore, cobblestone；The phase-change heat-storage material includes solid
The shell that body Heat Conduction Material is constituted and the phase-change material filler being encapsulated in shell.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1) with high temperature resistant, corrosion-free and cheap, safety non-toxic, obtained as the heat transfer medium of whole system using gas
Simple characteristic is taken, system Construction cost and operation expense can be greatly reduced.Gaseous heat transfer medium is with pressure to improve density,
Improve ability and heat transfer efficiency that gas carries heat.
2) double-circuit system separated using heat transfer with heat accumulation, uses heat transfer medium cyclic absorption in solar energy heat-collection field
Solar energy, is exchanged heat to store or discharge heat energy in heat accumulation thermal desorption system by energy-accumulating medium and heat transfer medium.Cross herein
Cheng Zhong, energy-accumulating medium only carries out heat accumulation heat release, without circulating heat transfer；Heat transfer medium only carries out circulating heat transfer, without heat accumulation
Heat release, energy-accumulating medium and heat transfer medium separation operation, Each performs its own functions, thus energy storage and heat transfer can respectively from high-efficiency energy-storage medium and
Efficient heat transfer medium, with heat accumulation and exothermic process is efficient, reliable advantage.
3) compared with Rankine cycle is carried out using boiler heat exchange production steam and is generated electricity, high-temperature heat-transfer medium is directly sent into heat
Expansion work is generated electricity in expanding machine, can simplify system flow, reduction total system investment.
4) total system uses reliable system allocation plan, when solar heat energy is sufficient, is circulated by heat transfer medium efficient
Heat accumulation；When solar heat energy is not enough, runtime is expanded come efficient heat release heat supply machine by heat transfer medium circulation and used；Extreme
In the case of, it can also be heated by burning fuel, it is ensured that round-the-clock to generate electricity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure frame of the all-weather solar electricity generation system provided by the present invention based on heat engine expansion work
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the process schematic representation of solar power system in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of thermal-collecting tube in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows for the judgement flow of the all-weather solar electricity-generating method provided by the present invention based on heat engine expansion work
It is intended to.
Wherein：Solar energy heat-collection field 100, cold heat transfer media main pipe 101, high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102, standby other pipe
103rd, distribution header 104, solar thermal collector 105, thermal-collecting tube 106, pressure-control valve 107, the first standby switching valve 108, the
Two standby switching valves 109, glass bushing 110, metal inner pipe 111, inner fin 112, heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200, heat accumulation tank body
201st, middle switching valve 202 (including 202a, 202b, 202c), top switching valve 203, bottom switching valve 204, middle area high temperature
Switching valve 205, middle low temp area switching valve 206, middle area connecting tube 207, heat accumulation transfer valve 208, thermal-arrest return to valve 209, hair
Electric transfer valve 210, top packing area 211, intermediate filler area 212 (including 212a, 212b, 212c), bottom filling area 213, heat
Machine expansion runtime 300, user's cold water piping 303, user's hot water pipe system 304, generator 307, gas supplement entrance 308,
Boiler oil entrance 309, thermal expansion machine 311, auxiliary heating boiler 312, residual-heat exchanger 313, heat transfer medium inlet tube 320,
Heat transfer medium outlet pipe 321
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the all-weather solar electricity generation system provided by the present invention based on heat engine expansion work, including
Solar energy heat-collection field 100, heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200, heat engine expansion runtime 300, the first pressue device 400 and the second pressurization
Device 500.Solar energy heat-collection field 100 includes being used as the cold heat transfer media main pipe 101 of cold heat transfer media input and conduct
The high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102 of high-temperature heat-transfer medium output end.Heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 and heat engine expansion runtime 300
It is arranged in parallel between cold heat transfer media main pipe 101 and high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102.
Solar energy heat-collection field 100 is included in some solar thermal collectors 105 in vertically and horizontally array arrangement, each longitudinal row
Each solar thermal collector 105 share one segmentation series connection insertion thermal-collecting tube 106, the input of each thermal-collecting tube 106 with
Cold heat transfer media main pipe 101 is connected, and the output end of each thermal-collecting tube 106 is connected with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102.Adjacent two
Pass through some spaced distribution lateral direction penetratings of header 104 between root thermal-collecting tube 106.The low temperature of solar energy heat-collection field 100 is passed
Standby other pipe 103 is provided between thermal medium input and high-temperature heat-transfer medium output end, the first standby switching is provided with
Valve 108, the second standby switching valve 109, standby other pipe 103 add the flexibility of pipe-line system, are blown available for device or pipeline
Sweep, heat transfer medium backflow etc..A pressure-control valve 107 is respectively arranged with each thermal-collecting tube 106, total system is adjusted in real time
Air flow rate is distributed, and realizes the reliable and stable operation of total system.In addition, solar energy heat-collection field 100 is overall in parallel using reversed return type
Arrangement, to reduce droop loss of the heat transfer medium in the circulatory system.The heat transfer medium of solar energy heat-collection field 100 is compressed gas
Medium.As shown in figure 3, thermal-collecting tube 106 includes setting on glass bushing 110 and metal inner pipe 111, the inwall of metal inner pipe 111
There is inner fin 112.
Heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 includes at least one heat storage can, can carry out each heat storage can when using multiple heat storage cans
Connection in series-parallel is combined, and method progress heat accumulation, the heat release that the present invention is provided is respectively adopted in each heat storage can again.The heat storage can includes heat accumulation
Tank body 201, the inner chamber of heat accumulation tank body 201 is the top packing area being sequentially communicated according to the position different demarcation for loading energy-accumulating medium
211st, intermediate filler area 212 (including 212a, 212b and 212c) and bottom filling area 213.Wherein top packing area 211 leads to
Cross top switching valve 203 with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102 to be connected, bottom filling area 213 passes through bottom switching valve 204 and low temperature
Heat transfer medium main pipe 101 is connected, each intermediate filler area 212 by each corresponding middle switching valve 202 (including
202a, 202b, 202c) it is connected with middle area connecting tube 207.One end of middle area connecting tube 207 is switched by middle area high temperature
Valve 205 is connected with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102, and the other end of middle area connecting tube 207 passes through middle low temp area switching valve 206
It is connected with cold heat transfer media main pipe 101.Energy-accumulating medium is high specific heat solid material or phase-change heat-storage material, is deposited in heat accumulation dress
Put and loose structure is formed in 201.High specific heat solid material can use one in quartz sand, iron sand, cast iron, iron ore, cobblestone
Plant or a variety of.The phase-change material filling that phase-change heat-storage material includes the solid heat conductive material shell constituted and is encapsulated in shell
Thing.
Heat engine expansion runtime 300 have thermal expansion machine 311, with thermal expansion machine 311 link generator 307 and
The residual-heat exchanger 313 supporting with thermal expansion machine 311, thermal source input and the high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102 of thermal expansion machine 311
It is connected, the thermal source output end of thermal expansion machine 311 is connected with the heat transfer medium inlet of residual-heat exchanger 313, residual-heat exchanger 313
Heat transfer medium outlet is connected with cold heat transfer media main pipe 101, cold water input and the user's cold water piping of residual-heat exchanger 313
303 are connected, and the output end of hot water of residual-heat exchanger 313 is connected with user's hot water pipe system 304；Heat engine expansion runtime 300 is also
With auxiliary heating boiler 312, heat transfer medium inlet tube 320 and the phase of high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102 of auxiliary heating boiler 312
Even, the heat transfer medium outlet pipe 321 of auxiliary heating boiler 312 is connected with the thermal source input of thermal expansion machine 311, aids in heating kettle
The boiler oil entrance 309 for inputting auxiliary fuel is additionally provided with stove 312.In cloudy weather for several days running snowy day gas etc. in particular cases,
If solar energy heat-collection field 100 and heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 can not meet generating needs, it can be burnt by auxiliary heating boiler 312
Fuel supplement heat supply, the need for meeting heat engine expansion runtime 300, it is ensured that round-the-clock to generate electricity.
First pressue device 400, thermal-arrest return to valve 209 and are arranged on cold heat transfer media main pipe 101 corresponding to heat accumulation heat release
On pipeline section between system 200 and solar energy heat-collection field 100.Second pressue device 500 is arranged on cold heat transfer media main pipe 101
Expanded corresponding to heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 and heat engine on the pipeline section between runtime 300, the entrance of the second pressue device 500
End is provided with gas supplement entrance 308.Heat accumulation transfer valve 208, generating transfer valve 210 are separately positioned on high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe
102 between solar energy heat-collection field 100 and heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200, heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 expands runtime with heat engine
On pipeline section between 300.Heat accumulation transfer valve 208, thermal-arrest return to valve 209, generating transfer valve 210 and cut according to requirements of process
Change.
Heat storage can, the outer surface of high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe 102 are wrapped up using high heat preservation performance material, reduce thermal losses.
As shown in figure 4, invention also provides the method generated electricity using above-mentioned solar power system, including such as
Lower step：
1) solar energy heat-collection field 100 absorbs solar energy and heats cold heat transfer media, and gained high-temperature heat-transfer medium is transported to
Generated electricity and/or be transported to exchange heat with energy-accumulating medium in heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 in heat engine expansion runtime 300 and stored up
Heat.It is 150 DEG C~350 DEG C that cold heat transfer media, which enters the temperature of solar energy heat-collection field 100, high-temperature heat-transfer medium outflow solar energy collection
The temperature of thermal field 100 is 200 DEG C~800 DEG C；Heat transfer medium system circulation pressure is 0.1Mpa~3MPa.
2) high-temperature heat-transfer medium that solar energy heat-collection field 100 is exported via the heat exchange heating of heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 with obtaining
High-temperature heat-transfer medium be transported to heat engine expansion runtime 300 simultaneously and generated electricity, it is or independent by heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200
The high-temperature heat-transfer medium that heat release is obtained is transported in heat engine expansion runtime 300 and generated electricity, high-temperature heat-transfer medium release heat
Can after obtained cold heat transfer media return to solar energy heat-collection field 100 and carry out thermal-arrest and/or return heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 again
Heat exchange heating is carried out again.
3) step 1), step 2) in, heat engine expansion runtime 300 utilizes the progress of high-temperature heat-transfer medium expansion work
Generate electricity, its detailed process is as follows：
3.1) high-temperature gas heat transfer medium expansion work in thermal expansion machine 311 is generated electricity, the gas heat-transfer after acting
Medium is cooled down and reclaimed after heat by residual-heat exchanger 313, returns to solar energy heat-collection field 100 and/or heat accumulation heat release system
System 200；Residual-heat exchanger 313 obtains heat cold water and obtains hot water, for users to use；
3.2) gaseous heat transfer medium of runtime 300 in particular cases (such as cloudy weather for several days running weather), is expanded into heat engine
When temperature is unsatisfactory for requiring, first it is heated in auxiliary heating boiler 312 after suitable temperature and is re-fed into thermal expansion machine 311
Row generates electricity.
Step 1), step 2) in, select heat accumulation, heat release or generating according to following determination strategy：
1) determine whether illumination condition, if non-illuminated conditions and heat engine expansion runtime 300 have power generation needs, by storing up
The heat release of exothermic heat system 200 stands alone as the heat engine expansion heat supply of runtime 300.
If 2) there is illumination condition, and heat engine expansion runtime 300 without thermal demand, then solar energy heat-collection field 100 is exported
High-temperature heat-transfer medium fully enter heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 carry out heat accumulation.
If 3) there is illumination condition, and heat engine expansion runtime 300 has thermal demand, then to solar energy heat-collection field 100
The thermal demand amount that heat-collecting capacity expands runtime 300 with heat engine is contrasted, and is entered 4), 5) or 6) according to comparative result.
If 4) heat-collecting capacity, which is more than in thermal demand, the high-temperature heat-transfer medium that solar energy heat-collection field 100 is exported, meets heat engine
The part of the expansion demand of runtime 300 is transported to heat engine expansion runtime 300 and generated electricity, and the part exceeded is delivered to
Heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 carries out heat accumulation.
If 5) heat-collecting capacity is equal to thermal demand, the high-temperature heat-transfer medium that solar energy heat-collection field 100 is exported fully enters heat
Machine expansion runtime 300 is generated electricity.
If 6) heat-collecting capacity is less than thermal demand, solar energy heat-collection field 100 is heated into obtained high-temperature heat-transfer medium and storage
Exothermic heat system 200 exchanges heat obtained high-temperature heat-transfer medium while input heat engine expansion runtime 300 is generated electricity.
Heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 carry out heat accumulation, heat release concrete operation step it is as follows：
Heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 is when carrying out heat accumulation, and the high-temperature heat-transfer medium from solar energy heat-collection field 100 is first from storage
The top of hot tank body 201 enters, and passes sequentially through top packing area 211, intermediate filler area 212a~212c and bottom filling area
213, the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling returns to solar energy heat-collection field 100 after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body 201.
When the temperature of top packing area 211 is increased to setting value, high-temperature heat-transfer medium switches to first from the lower section of top packing area 211
Individual intermediate filler area 212a enters, and passes sequentially through intermediate filler area 212a, intermediate filler area 212b, intermediate filler area 212c and bottom
Portion packing area 213, the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling returns to solar energy collection after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body 201
Thermal field 100.When middle packing area 212a temperature is increased to setting value, high-temperature heat-transfer medium is switched to from second intermediate filler
Area 212b enters, and passes sequentially through intermediate filler area 212b, intermediate filler area 212c and bottom filling area 213, cools through heat exchange
The cold heat transfer media arrived returns to solar energy heat-collection field 100 after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body 201.The rest may be inferred, until high
Warm heat transfer medium switches to the intermediate filler area 212c entrance from bottom, is flowed out from bottom filling area 213, and make centre
The temperature (selection one) in packing area 212c or bottom filling area 213 is increased to setting value, completes the storage of heat accumulation tank body 201
Heat, the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling returns to solar energy heat-collection field 100 after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body 201.
The specific transfer sequence of each valve refers to table 1.
The heat accumulation thermal desorption system of table 1 valve transfer order in heat accumulation
Note：In upper table, if only carrying out heat accumulation, without generating electricity, then 210 is normally closed；If the two is carried out simultaneously, 210 is normally opened.
Heat accumulation thermal desorption system 200 expands the cold heat transfer media of runtime 300 first when carrying out heat release from heat engine
Enter from the bottom of heat accumulation tank body 201, pass sequentially through bottom filling area 213, intermediate filler area 212c, 212b, 212c and top
Packing area 211, the high-temperature heat-transfer medium obtained through heat exchange heating enters heat engine expansion after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body 201 and transported
Row system 300.When the temperature of bottom filling area 213 is reduced to setting value, cold heat transfer media is switched to from bottom filling area 213
First intermediate filler area 212c of top enters, and passes sequentially through intermediate filler area 212c, intermediate filler area 212b, intermediate filler
Area 212a and top packing area 211, the top outflow of the high-temperature heat-transfer medium from the heat accumulation tank body 201 that are obtained through heat exchange heating are laggard
Enter heat engine expansion runtime 300.When first intermediate filler area 212c temperature is reduced to setting value, cold heat transfer media is cut
It is changed to from second intermediate filler area 212b and enters, passes sequentially through intermediate filler area 212b, intermediate filler area 212a and top and fill out
Expect area 211, the high-temperature heat-transfer medium obtained through heat exchange heating expands after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body 201 into heat engine to be run
System 300.The rest may be inferred, until cold heat transfer media switches to the intermediate filler area 212a entrance from the top, from top
Portion packing area 211 is flowed out, and is increased to the temperature (selection one) of intermediate filler area 212a or top packing area 211 to set
Definite value, completes the heat release of heat accumulation tank body 201, and the high-temperature heat-transfer medium obtained through heat exchange heating flows from the top of heat accumulation tank body 201
Enter heat engine after going out and expand runtime 300.The specific transfer sequence of each valve refers to table 2.
The heat accumulation thermal desorption system of table 2 valve transfer order in heat release
Note：In upper table, if by the independent heat supply of heat accumulation thermal desorption system, solar energy heat-collection field not heat supply, then 208,209 is normally closed；
If the two heat supply simultaneously, 208,209 is normally opened.
This embodiment is by taking trough solar power generation system as an example, and its technique includes but is not limited to using slot type, tower, dish
The similar solar power system of the other forms such as formula.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of all-weather solar electricity-generating method based on heat engine expansion work, applied to including solar energy heat-collection field (100),
In heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) and the solar power system of heat engine expansion runtime (300), it is characterised in that：Including such as
Lower step：
1) solar energy heat-collection field (100) absorbs solar energy and heats cold heat transfer media, and gained high-temperature heat-transfer medium is transported to heat
Generated electricity and/or be transported in machine expansion runtime (300) to exchange heat with energy-accumulating medium in heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) and carried out
Heat accumulation；
2) high-temperature heat-transfer medium for exporting solar energy heat-collection field (100) via heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) heat exchange with heating up
To high-temperature heat-transfer medium be transported to heat engine expansion runtime (300) simultaneously and generated electricity, it is or independent by heat accumulation heat release system
The high-temperature heat-transfer medium that system (200) heat release is obtained, which is transported in heat engine expansion runtime (300), to be generated electricity；
3) cold heat transfer media that high-temperature heat-transfer medium is obtained after release heat energy during heat engine expands runtime (300) is returned too
Positive energy heat collecting field (100) carries out thermal-arrest and/or returns to heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) progress heat exchange heating again again；
The heat transfer medium be compressed gas medium, the gas medium include air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, methane,
One or more in vapor；The circulating pressure of the compressed gas medium is not less than 0.1Mpa；
The heat engine expansion runtime is generated electricity by high-temperature heat-transfer medium expansion work.
2. the all-weather solar electricity-generating method based on heat engine expansion work according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) is provided with multiple filler subregions, when carrying out heat accumulation, and heat transfer medium presses subregion simultaneously or successively by each
Filler subregion carries out heat accumulation；When carrying out heat release, heat transfer medium presses subregion and obtains heat by each filler subregion simultaneously or successively.
3. the all-weather solar electricity-generating method according to claim 1 or claim 2 based on heat engine expansion work, it is characterised in that：
The heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) is included in heat accumulation tank body (201), the heat accumulation tank body (201) according to filling energy storage Jie
The position different demarcation of matter is the top packing area (211), more than one intermediate filler area (212) and bottom being sequentially communicated
Portion packing area (213)；
The heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) is when carrying out heat accumulation, and the high-temperature heat-transfer medium from solar energy heat-collection field (100) is first
Enter from the top of heat accumulation tank body (201), pass sequentially through top packing area (211), each intermediate filler area (212) and bottom filling
Area (213), the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling returns to solar energy heating after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body (201)
Field (100)；
When top packing area (211) temperature is increased to setting value, high-temperature heat-transfer medium is switched under top packing area (211)
First intermediate filler area (212) of side enters, and passes sequentially through first intermediate filler area (212) and each centre below
Packing area (212) and bottom filling area (213), through the heat exchange obtained cold heat transfer media of cooling from the bottoms of heat accumulation tank body (201)
Solar energy heat-collection field (100) is returned after portion's outflow；
When first intermediate filler area (212) temperature is increased to setting value, high-temperature heat-transfer medium is switched to from second centre
Packing area (212) enters, pass sequentially through second intermediate filler area (212) and each intermediate filler area (212) below and
Bottom filling area (213), the cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling is returned too after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body (201)
Positive energy heat collecting field (100)；
The rest may be inferred, until high-temperature heat-transfer medium switches to an intermediate filler area (212) entrance from bottom, is filled out from bottom
Expect area (213) outflow, and the temperature in bottom filling area (213) is increased to setting value, complete the heat accumulation of heat accumulation tank body (201),
The cold heat transfer media obtained through heat exchange cooling returns to solar energy heat-collection field (100) after the bottom outflow of heat accumulation tank body (201).
4. the all-weather solar electricity-generating method based on heat engine expansion work according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) is when carrying out heat release, and the cold heat transfer media from heat energy utilization system (300) is first
Enter from the bottom of heat accumulation tank body (201), pass sequentially through bottom filling area (213), each intermediate filler area (212) and top filler
Area (211), the high-temperature heat-transfer medium obtained through heat exchange heating enters heat engine expansion after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body (201) and transported
Row system (300)；
When bottom filling area (213) temperature is reduced to setting value, cold heat transfer media is switched to from bottom filling area (213)
First intermediate filler area (212) of side enters, and passes sequentially through each centre of first intermediate filler area (212) and its top
Packing area (212) and top packing area (211), through the heat exchange obtained high-temperature heat-transfer medium of heating from the tops of heat accumulation tank body (201)
Enter heat engine expansion runtime (300) after portion's outflow；
When first intermediate filler area (212) temperature is reduced to setting value, cold heat transfer media is switched to from second centre
Packing area (212) enters, pass sequentially through second intermediate filler area (212) and its top each intermediate filler area (212) and
Top packing area (211), the high-temperature heat-transfer medium obtained through heat exchange heating enters heat after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body (201)
Machine expansion runtime (300)；
The rest may be inferred, until cold heat transfer media switches to an intermediate filler area (212) entrance from the top, is filled out from top
Expect area (211) outflow, and the temperature of top packing area (211) is increased to setting value, complete the heat release of heat accumulation tank body (201),
The high-temperature heat-transfer medium obtained through heat exchange heating enters heat engine after the top outflow of heat accumulation tank body (201) and expands runtime
(300)。
5. a kind of all-weather solar electricity generation system based on heat engine expansion work, including solar energy heat-collection field (100), heat accumulation are put
Hot systems (200), heat engine expansion runtime (300), the first pressue device (400) and the second pressue device (500), its feature
It is：
The solar energy heat-collection field (100) include as cold heat transfer media input cold heat transfer media main pipe (101) and
It is used as the high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe (102) of high-temperature heat-transfer medium output end；
The heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) and heat engine expansion runtime (300) are arranged in parallel at cold heat transfer media main pipe
(101) between high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe (102)；
The heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) is included in heat accumulation tank body (201), the heat accumulation tank body (201) according to filling energy storage Jie
The position different demarcation of matter is the top packing area (211), more than one intermediate filler area (212) and bottom being sequentially communicated
Portion packing area (213)；Wherein top packing area (211) passes through top switching valve (203) and high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe (102) phase
Even, bottom filling area (213) are connected by bottom switching valve (204) with cold heat transfer media main pipe (101), each intermediate filler
Area (212) is connected by each corresponding middle switching valve (202) with middle area connecting tube (207)；
One end of the middle area connecting tube (207) passes through middle area high temperature switching valve (205) and high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe
(102) it is connected, the other end of the middle area connecting tube (207) is situated between by middle low temp area switching valve (206) and cryogenic heat transfer
Matter main pipe (101) is connected；
First pressue device (400) be arranged on cold heat transfer media main pipe (101) corresponding to heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) with
On pipeline section between solar energy heat-collection field (100)；Second pressue device (500) is arranged on cold heat transfer media main pipe
(101) correspond on the pipeline section between heat accumulation thermal desorption system (200) and heat engine expansion runtime (300)；
The heat engine expansion runtime (300) has thermal expansion machine (311), the generator linked with thermal expansion machine (311)
(307) residual-heat exchanger (313) supporting and with thermal expansion machine (311), the thermal source input of the thermal expansion machine (311)
It is connected with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe (102), thermal source output end and the residual-heat exchanger (313) of the thermal expansion machine (311)
Heat transfer medium inlet is connected, heat transfer medium outlet and cold heat transfer media main pipe (101) phase of the residual-heat exchanger (313)
Even, the cold water input of the residual-heat exchanger (313) is connected with user's cold water piping (303), the residual-heat exchanger (313)
Output end of hot water be connected with user's hot water pipe system (304)；
The heat engine expansion runtime (300) also has auxiliary heating boiler (312), the auxiliary heating boiler (312)
Heat transfer medium inlet tube (320) is connected with high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe (102), and the heat transfer of the auxiliary heating boiler (312) is situated between
Matter outlet (321) is connected with the thermal source input of thermal expansion machine (311).
6. the all-weather solar electricity generation system based on heat engine expansion work according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described
Solar energy heat-collection field (100) includes each in some solar thermal collectors (105) in vertically and horizontally array arrangement, each longitudinal row
Individual solar thermal collector (105) shares the thermal-collecting tube (106) of a segmentation series connection insertion, the input of each thermal-collecting tube (106)
It is connected with cold heat transfer media main pipe (101), output end and high-temperature heat-transfer medium main pipe (102) phase of each thermal-collecting tube (106)
Even；Pass through some spaced distribution header (104) lateral direction penetratings between adjacent two thermal-collecting tubes (106)；Each thermal-collecting tube
(106) pressure-control valve (107) is respectively arranged with.
7. the all-weather solar electricity generation system based on heat engine expansion work according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described
Thermal-collecting tube (106) is the thermal-collecting tube (106) with inner fin or interior extension fin.
8. the all-weather solar electricity generation system based on heat engine expansion work according to any one of claim 5~7, it is special
Levy and be：The energy-accumulating medium is high specific heat solid material or phase-change heat-storage material, is deposited in heat-storing device (201) and forms many
Pore structure；The high specific heat solid material includes the one or more in quartz sand, iron sand, cast iron, iron ore, cobblestone；Institute
State the shell that phase-change heat-storage material is constituted including solid heat conductive material and the phase-change material filler being encapsulated in shell.
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| CN201710576954.0A CN107191342A (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2017-07-14 | All-weather solar electricity-generating method and system based on heat engine expansion work |
| PCT/CN2018/095550 WO2019011309A1 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2018-07-13 | Heat-transfer and heat-storage separation method and system for solar photothermal utilization |
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| CN111173696A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-19 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Solar thermal power generation system and method of free piston linear generator with heat storage function |
| CN111351239A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-30 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Solar heat storage and closed circulation coupling power generation system |
| CN111536003A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Solar power generation system and method adopting non-tracking heat collector and linear generator |
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