CN107175857B - plant fiber based floor tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
plant fiber based floor tile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107175857B CN107175857B CN201710344658.8A CN201710344658A CN107175857B CN 107175857 B CN107175857 B CN 107175857B CN 201710344658 A CN201710344658 A CN 201710344658A CN 107175857 B CN107175857 B CN 107175857B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
- B32B38/164—Drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/102—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3063—Magnesium sulfate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3081—Aluminum sulfate
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a plant fiber base floor tile which sequentially comprises a ceramic tile, a plant fiber inorganic composite material and a silicate cement board, wherein the plant fiber inorganic composite material is formed by compounding plant fibers processed by agriculture and forestry processing residues and an inorganic adhesive. The ceramic tile with wear resistance, water resistance and high hardness and the plant fiber-based inorganic composite material with fire resistance, no formaldehyde and low hardness are perfectly compounded and integrated through the epoxy resin adhesive, so that no artificial formaldehyde is released, and the fire-proof grade reaches above B1 grade; and the three layers of structural matrixes of the product are inorganic substances, have small difference of thermal expansion and cold shrinkage rate and are not easy to deform. The preparation method of the plant fiber based floor tile is correspondingly provided, so that waste crop resources and agriculture and forestry processing residues are effectively utilized, meanwhile, the material cost is low, the source is wide, strict parameter requirements ensure that the ceramic tile, the plant fiber based composite layer and the silicate cement plate are not easily layered, and the durability is high.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the field of decorative material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a plant fiber base plate brick and a preparation method thereof.
background
china is a big agricultural country, available crop straw resources and wood processing residues produced every year exceed 20 hundred million tons, and a considerable part of the crop straw resources and the wood processing residues are directly incinerated without resource recycling, so that not only is resource waste caused, but also the environment is seriously polluted. The agriculture and forestry processing residues mainly comprise cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and can be used for manufacturing plant fiber-based decorative materials. The artificial board is prepared by using wood bamboo fibers or plant fibers of small-diameter-grade woods, bamboos, urban waste woods and the like of felling, wood making and processing residues and fast-growing and high-yield woods as main raw materials and applying adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde resin and the like, and has the advantages of uniform material quality, small longitudinal and transverse strength difference, difficulty in cracking and the like. However, the plant-based decorative material has poor fire-proof and water-proof properties and surface abrasion resistance, and poor appearance, and is not suitable for being directly used as a building decorative material, especially a floor tile.
The ceramic tile has the advantages of water resistance, wear resistance, smooth and attractive appearance and the like, and is widely applied to the field of building decoration. However, when the tile is used as a floor tile, the hardness is high and the feeling of the feet is poor. Therefore, the research on the floor tile which can simultaneously meet the requirements of fire resistance, water resistance, wear resistance, good decorative performance and soft foot feeling has very important practical significance.
disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects and defects in the background technology and provide a plant fiber base floor brick which can simultaneously meet the requirements of fire resistance, water resistance, wear resistance, good decorative performance and soft foot feel and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is to provide a plant fiber based floor tile which sequentially comprises a ceramic tile, a plant fiber inorganic composite material and a silicate cement board, wherein the plant fiber inorganic composite material is formed by compounding plant fibers processed by agriculture and forestry processing residues and an inorganic adhesive. The plant fiber inorganic composite material is characterized in that plant fiber is a reinforcing material, an inorganic adhesive is a matrix, and the inorganic adhesive is a plant fiber adhesive and a flame retardant. The invention adopts inorganic adhesive to replace traditional aldehyde adhesive, which can not only ensure the fireproof and waterproof performance of the material, but also ensure that the material has no free formaldehyde release.
the plant fiber-based floor tile is preferably a polished tile, a glazed tile or a marble tile.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the plant fiber to the inorganic adhesive is 3-5: 7-5.
Preferably, the inorganic adhesive comprises 5-10 parts of calcium silicate, 2-7 parts of calcium sulfate, 10-15 parts of magnesium sulfate, 40-50 parts of magnesium oxide, 8-10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 2-3 parts of vegetable oil and 40-60 parts of water. The components are mixed according to the parts by weight and then undergo a chemical reaction to generate the inorganic adhesive with the fireproof characteristic, and a small amount of vegetable oil is added, so that the waterproof performance of the inorganic adhesive can be effectively improved.
Preferably, the ceramic tile, the plant fiber inorganic composite material and the silicate cement board are compounded through water-soluble epoxy resin glue. The water-soluble epoxy resin adhesive has the advantages of water resistance and no formaldehyde release.
Preferably, the thickness of the ceramic tile is 2-5mm, the thickness of the plant fiber inorganic composite material is 8-24mm, and the thickness of the portland cement board is 2-5 mm.
Based on a general technical concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the plant fiber based floor tile, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Processing the agriculture and forestry processing residues into plant fibers, and drying until the water content is below 10%;
(2) Fully mixing and stirring calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum sulfate, vegetable oil and water to prepare an inorganic adhesive;
(3) taking the inorganic adhesive prepared in the step (2) as an adhesive spraying material, carrying out atomization and adhesive spraying on the plant fiber obtained after drying in the step (1) while stirring, and then paving the plant fiber on a PP plastic base plate to form a plant fiber inorganic composite plate blank;
(4) pressurizing the paved plant fiber inorganic composite board blank and the PP plastic backing board under the condition of the pressure of 4.0-5.5MPa, separating the obtained semi-finished product of the plant fiber inorganic composite material and the PP plastic backing board after pressure relief, and stacking to obtain a finished product of the plant fiber inorganic composite material;
(5) Drying the finished product of the plant fiber inorganic composite material obtained in the step (4) until the water content is below 10%, and then performing double-sided roller coating and gluing, wherein the adhesive is water-soluble epoxy resin adhesive;
(6) and (3) stacking the plant fiber inorganic composite material obtained by applying glue by double-sided roller coating after the step (5) on a silicate cement board, stacking the plant fiber inorganic composite material with the smooth surface facing upwards on a plant fiber base floor tile assembly to form a plant fiber base floor tile assembly, stacking a PP plastic base plate on the ceramic tile, performing pressure forming under the condition of 0.8-1.5MPa, and obtaining the finished product of the plant fiber base floor tile after splitting and trimming.
In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (1), the plant fiber has a length of 2-12mm, a width of 1-3mm, and a thickness of 0.5-2 mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the stirring time is 5-8 min; in the step (3), the stirring time is 6-8 min; in the step (4), the pressurizing time is 8-10min, and the stacking time is 10-16 h; in the step (5), the drying temperature is 100-125 ℃, the drying time is 15-30s/mm, and the double-side glue application amount is 160g/mm2(ii) a In the step (6), the plant fiber-based floor tile assembly is repeatedly stacked for 50-70 blocks, and the pressurizing time is 5-8 min.
preferably, in the step (6), the specification of the silicate cement board in each plant fiber base board brick assembly is 1220 × 2440 × 2-5mm, the stacking standard of the ceramic tiles is that 18 ceramic tiles with the specification of 400 × 400 × 2-5mm are tiled, and the gap distance between the ceramic tiles is 5 mm; the specific operation steps of subdividing and edging are as follows: and sawing and splitting the formed large-breadth plant fiber base floor tile assembly along the gap of the ceramic tile, trimming the protruding part of the edge, wherein the thickness of a saw blade of the sawing and splitting is not more than 3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the plant fiber based floor tile, the ceramic tile which is wear-resistant, waterproof and high in hardness and the plant fiber based inorganic composite material which is fireproof, aldehyde-free and low in hardness are perfectly compounded and integrated through the epoxy resin adhesive, so that free formaldehyde is not released, and the fireproof grade reaches above B1 grade; and the structural matrixes of the three layers (ceramic tiles, plant fiber inorganic composite materials and silicate cement boards) of the product are all inorganic substances, so that the difference of thermal expansion and cold shrinkage is small, and the product is not easy to deform.
2. the preparation method of the invention not only effectively utilizes the waste crop resources and the agriculture and forestry processing residues, but also integrates the advantages of different materials into a whole, the product has soft foot feel and good wear resistance, waterproof performance and decorative performance, and the inorganic adhesive is adopted to replace the traditional aldehyde adhesive in the manufacturing process, thereby not only ensuring the fireproof and waterproof performance of the material, but also ensuring that the material has no free formaldehyde release; meanwhile, the material is low in cost, wide in source and high in durability, and strict parameter requirements guarantee that the ceramic tiles, the plant fiber-based composite layer and the silicate cement board are not easy to layer.
In general, the invention has great practical significance for expanding the application field of crop resources or agriculture and forestry processing residues, increasing the added value of the crops resources or the agriculture and forestry processing residues, and improving the functionality, comfort and safety of the floor tiles, and has very wide market prospect.
Drawings
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the plant fiber based floor tile of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the stack of example 1.
Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the stack of example 1.
Illustration of the drawings: 1. ceramic tiles; 2. a plant fiber inorganic composite material; 3. a silicate cement board; 4. and a PP plastic pad.
Detailed Description
in order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
The invention relates to a plant fiber-based floor tile, which is sequentially composed of a polished tile, a straw fiber inorganic composite material and a silicate cement board as shown in figure 1, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fibers: the method comprises the steps of (1) conveying agricultural straws to a hammer type re-crusher to process straw fibers (crushed materials) with the length of 2-8mm, the width of 1-2mm and the thickness of 0.5-1mm, and then conveying the straw fibers to a single-channel dryer to be dried until the water content is below 10%;
(2) Preparing an inorganic adhesive: fully mixing and stirring calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum sulfate, vegetable oil and water for 5min to prepare a waterproof and fireproof inorganic adhesive; wherein, according to the mass portion, the calcium silicate accounts for 5 parts, the calcium sulfate accounts for 2 parts, the magnesium sulfate accounts for 15 parts, the magnesium oxide accounts for 45 parts, the aluminum sulfate accounts for 8 parts, the vegetable oil accounts for 2 parts, and the water accounts for 50 parts;
(3) Sizing and paving: taking the inorganic adhesive prepared in the step (2) as an adhesive spraying material, conveying the straw fiber obtained after drying in the step (1) to a periodic stirrer, atomizing and spraying the adhesive in the stirrer while stirring for 8min, conveying the straw fiber after adhesive application to a mechanical shaving board paving machine, and paving the straw fiber after adhesive application on a PP plastic base plate by the paving machine to form a straw fiber inorganic composite material plate blank with the thickness of 40 mm; the weight ratio of the straw fibers to the inorganic adhesive is 3: 7;
(4) Cold pressing, solidifying and shaping: stacking a plurality of paved straw fiber inorganic composite board blanks and PP plastic pads together, conveying the stacked boards into a cold press, pressurizing for 10min under the condition that the pressure is 5.0MPa, releasing the pressure, opening the press to separate the straw fiber inorganic composite semi-finished product and the PP pads through a sucking disc board separator, and stacking for 10h to obtain a straw fiber inorganic composite finished product with the thickness of 10 mm;
(5) drying and glue rolling: sending the finished straw fiber inorganic composite material obtained in the step (4) to a hot-pressing type dryer for drying until the water content is below 10%, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, the drying time is 24s/mm, processing the dried straw fiber inorganic composite material into a 1220 x 2440mm (width x length) specification breadth through an edge cutting machine, sending the straw fiber inorganic composite material to a four-roller glue spreader for roller coating and gluing, wherein the adhesive is water-soluble epoxy resin glue, and the double-side gluing amount is 160g/mm2；
(6) Assembling, stacking and cold pressing: as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plate of 1220X 2440X 2mm (width X length X thickness) silicate cement was placed on the lower platen of the cold press, the straw fiber inorganic composite material having been subjected to the double-side roll gluing in step (5) was stacked on the plate of silicate cement, 18 polished tiles of 400X 2mm (width X length X thickness) were stacked in order on the plate of straw fiber inorganic composite material with the polished tiles facing upward and the space between the polished tiles being 5mm, a plate of 1220X 2440X 2mm (width X length X thickness) silicate cement was stacked on the polished tiles, a plate of straw fiber inorganic composite material was stacked on the plate, 18 polished tiles of 400X 2mm (width X length X thickness) were stacked on the composite material in the above-mentioned manner to complete a second assembly of straw fiber base plate bricks, the stacking was continued in the above-mentioned manner, the whole straw fiber base plate blank was 70 blocks, and finally a PP plate was stacked on the uppermost one upper platen, the ceramic tile is used for protecting the uppermost layer of ceramic tile contacted with the upper pressing plate of the cold press during cold pressing, the cold press is closed to pressurize for 8min for molding, and the pressure is 1.5 MPa;
(7) Dividing and edging: and (2) sending the formed large-breadth straw fiber base plate brick into a laser positioning splitting machine to be split along the gap of the polished ceramic tile, and splitting the straw fiber base plate brick with the edge protruding out of the straw fiber composite material, wherein each large-breadth straw base plate brick can be split into 18 finished straw fiber base plate bricks with 400 x 400 breadth, and when splitting is carried out, in order to avoid damaging the ceramic tile, a splitting saw blade should not exceed 3mm, and the saw blade must pass through the middle of the gap of the ceramic tile, so that the finished straw fiber base plate brick is obtained.
the preparation method has the advantages that the material cost is low, the source is wide, strict parameter requirements ensure that the ceramic tile, the plant fiber-based composite layer and the silicate cement board are not easy to layer, and the durability is high; the prepared plant fiber-based floor tile is compounded by the plant fiber-based composite layer produced by utilizing crop resources or agriculture and forestry processing residues and the ceramic tile, so that the waste crop resources and the agriculture and forestry processing residues are effectively utilized, the prepared floor tile is soft in foot feel, good in wear resistance, water resistance and decorative performance, free of artificial formaldehyde release and capable of achieving the fire-proof grade of the product above grade B1 according to a national standard (GB) building material combustion performance grading method GB 8624-1997. In general, the invention has great practical significance for expanding the application field of crop resources or agriculture and forestry processing residues, increasing the added value of the crops resources or the agriculture and forestry processing residues, and improving the functionality, comfort and safety of the floor tiles, and has very wide market prospect.
example 2:
The invention relates to a plant fiber-based floor tile, which sequentially comprises glazed ceramic tiles, a wood shavings inorganic composite material and a silicate cement board, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing wood shavings: sending the wood processing residues to a hammer type re-crusher to process wood shavings (crushed materials) with the length of 2-10mm, the width of 1-3mm and the thickness of 0.5-2mm, and then sending the wood shavings to a single-channel dryer to be dried until the water content is below 10%;
(2) Preparing an inorganic adhesive: fully mixing and stirring calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum sulfate, vegetable oil and water for 5min to prepare a waterproof and fireproof inorganic adhesive; wherein, according to the mass portion, the calcium silicate accounts for 8 parts, the calcium sulfate accounts for 7 parts, the magnesium sulfate accounts for 10 parts, the magnesium oxide accounts for 40 parts, the aluminum sulfate accounts for 10 parts, the vegetable oil accounts for 3 parts, and the water accounts for 45 parts;
(3) Sizing and paving: taking the inorganic adhesive prepared in the step (2) as an adhesive spraying material, conveying the wood shavings obtained after drying in the step (1) to a periodic mixer, atomizing and spraying the adhesive in the mixer while stirring for 6min, conveying the glued wood shavings to a mechanical shaving board paving machine, and paving the glued wood shavings on a PP plastic base plate by the paving machine to form a wood shavings inorganic composite material plate blank with the thickness of 35 mm; the weight ratio of the wood shavings to the inorganic adhesive is 5: 5;
(4) cold pressing, solidifying and shaping: stacking a plurality of paved wood shaving inorganic composite material plate blanks and a PP plastic cushion together, conveying the stacked wood shaving inorganic composite material plate blanks into a cold press, pressurizing for 8min under the condition that the pressure is 4.0MPa, releasing the pressure, opening the press to separate the wood shaving inorganic composite material semi-finished product and the PP cushion plate through a sucking disc plate separator, and stacking for 10h to obtain a wood shaving inorganic composite material finished product with the thickness of 12 mm;
(5) Drying and glue rolling: sending the finished product of the wood shaving inorganic composite material obtained in the step (4) to a hot-press type dryer for drying until the water content is below 10%, the drying temperature is 110 ℃, the drying time is 20s/mm, processing the dried wood shaving inorganic composite material into a 1220 multiplied by 2440mm (width multiplied by length) breadth through an edge cutting machine, sending the wood shaving inorganic composite material to a four-roll glue spreader for roll coating and gluing, wherein the adhesive is water-soluble epoxy resin glue, and the double-side gluing amount is 160g/mm2；
(6) Assembling, stacking and cold pressing: placing a silicate cement board with the thickness of 1220 multiplied by 2440 multiplied by 2mm (width multiplied by length multiplied by thickness) on a lower press plate of a cold press, stacking the wood shavings inorganic composite material subjected to double-sided roll gluing in the step (5) on the silicate cement board, stacking 18 glazed ceramic tiles with the thickness of 400 multiplied by 2mm (width multiplied by length multiplied by thickness) on the wood shavings inorganic composite material in order, wherein the glazed ceramic tiles are faced upwards and the space between every two ceramic tiles is 5mm, stacking a silicate cement board with the thickness of 1220 multiplied by 2440 multiplied by 2mm (width multiplied by length multiplied by thickness) on the ceramic tiles, stacking the wood shavings inorganic composite material on a backing plate, stacking 18 glazed ceramic tiles with the thickness of 400 multiplied by 2mm (width multiplied by length multiplied by thickness) on the composite material according to the method, completing the stacking of a second wood shavings base plate brick blank, continuing according to the method, stacking the wood shavings base plate brick blanks into 50 blocks, and finally stacking a PP backing plate on the top of the blank, the cold press is closed to pressurize for 5min for molding, and the pressure is 1.0 MPa;
(7) Dividing and edging: sending the formed large-breadth wood shaving base plate brick into a laser positioning splitting machine to be split along the gap of the glazed ceramic tile in a sawing way, and splitting the wood shaving base plate brick with the edge protruding out of the wood shaving composite material, wherein each large-breadth wood shaving base plate brick can be split into 18 wood shaving base plate brick finished products with 400 x 400 breadth, and in order to avoid damaging the ceramic tile during splitting, a splitting saw blade should not exceed 3mm, and the saw blade must pass through the middle of the gap of the ceramic tile to obtain the wood shaving base plate brick finished products.
The preparation method has the advantages that the material cost is low, the source is wide, strict parameter requirements ensure that the ceramic tile, the plant fiber-based composite layer and the silicate cement board are not easy to layer, and the durability is high; the prepared plant fiber base floor tile is characterized in that a plant fiber base composite layer produced by utilizing crop resources or agriculture and forestry processing residues is compounded with the ceramic tile, so that not only are the waste crop resources and the agriculture and forestry processing residues effectively utilized, but also the prepared floor tile is soft in foot feel, good in wear resistance, water resistance and decorative performance, free of artificial formaldehyde release and capable of achieving the fire-proof grade of the product which reaches over B1 grade according to a national standard (GB) building material combustion performance grading method GB8624-1997, and has a very wide market prospect; in general, the method has great practical significance for expanding the application field of crop resources or agriculture and forestry processing residues, increasing the added value of the crops and forestry processing residues and improving the functionality and comfort of the floor tiles.
Example 3:
The invention relates to a plant fiber base floor tile, which sequentially comprises marble tiles, bamboo particle inorganic composite materials and silicate cement boards, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing bamboo crushed aggregates: conveying the bamboo processing residues to a hammer type re-crusher to process bamboo crushed materials with the length of 2-10mm, the width of 1-3mm and the thickness of 0.5-2mm, and then conveying the bamboo crushed materials to a single-channel dryer to dry until the water content is below 10%;
(2) preparing an inorganic adhesive: fully mixing and stirring calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum sulfate, vegetable oil and water for 5min to prepare a waterproof and fireproof inorganic adhesive; wherein, according to the mass portion, the calcium silicate accounts for 8 parts, the calcium sulfate accounts for 7 parts, the magnesium sulfate accounts for 10 parts, the magnesium oxide accounts for 40 parts, the aluminum sulfate accounts for 10 parts, the vegetable oil accounts for 2 parts, and the water accounts for 45 parts;
(3) sizing and paving: taking the inorganic adhesive prepared in the step (2) as an adhesive spraying material, conveying the bamboo crushed aggregates obtained after drying in the step (1) to a periodic stirrer, atomizing and spraying the adhesive in the stirrer while stirring for 6min, conveying the glued bamboo crushed aggregates to a mechanical bamboo crushed aggregate paving machine, and paving the glued bamboo crushed aggregates on a PP plastic cushion plate by the paving machine to form a bamboo crushed aggregate inorganic composite material plate blank with the thickness of 30 mm; the weight ratio of the bamboo crushed materials to the inorganic adhesive is 5: 5;
(4) cold pressing, solidifying and shaping: stacking a plurality of paved bamboo crushed material inorganic composite material plate blanks and PP plastic pads together, then sending the stacked bamboo crushed material inorganic composite material plate blanks into a cold press, pressurizing for 8min under the condition that the pressure is 4.0MPa, releasing the pressure, opening the press to separate the bamboo crushed material inorganic composite material semi-finished products and the PP pad plates through a sucking disc plate splitting machine, and stacking for 10h to obtain bamboo crushed material inorganic composite material finished products with the thickness of 10 mm;
(5) drying and glue rolling: sending the finished product of the inorganic composite material of the crushed bamboo materials obtained in the step (4) to a hot-pressing type dryer for drying until the water content is below 10%, wherein the drying temperature is 110 ℃, the drying time is 20s/mm, and processing the dried inorganic composite material of the crushed bamboo materials into a gauge of 1220 multiplied by 2440mm (width multiplied by length) by a trimming machineThe lattice breadth is fed into a four-roll glue spreader for roll coating and gluing, the adhesive is water-soluble epoxy resin glue, and the double-side gluing amount is 160g/mm2；
(6) Assembling, stacking and cold pressing: placing a silicate cement board of 1220 x 2440 x 2mm (width x length x thickness) on a lower press plate of a cold press, stacking the wood shavings inorganic composite material subjected to double-sided roll gluing in the step (5) on the silicate cement board, stacking 18 blocks of 400 x 2mm (width x length x thickness) marble tiles on the inorganic composite material of bamboo chips in order with the marble tiles facing upward and the space between every two tiles being 5mm, stacking a silicate cement board of 1220 x 2440 x 2mm (width x length x thickness) on the tiles, stacking the inorganic composite material on a backing plate, stacking 18 blocks of 400 x 2mm (width x length x thickness) marble tiles on the composite material according to the method, completing the assembly of a second base plate tile of bamboo chips, stacking the base plate tile blanks of the bamboo chips continuously according to the method, stacking the whole base plate tile blanks of bamboo chips into 50 blocks, and finally stacking a PP backing plate on the uppermost one block, the cold press is closed to pressurize for 5min for molding, and the pressure is 1.0 MPa;
(7) Dividing and edging: the formed large-width bamboo crushed aggregate base plate brick is sent into a laser positioning splitting machine to be split along the gap of a marble ceramic tile in a sawing mode, the saw of the bamboo crushed aggregate composite material with the edge protruding out is split, each large-width wood base plate brick can be split into 18 pieces of 400 x 400-breadth bamboo crushed aggregate base plate brick finished products, in order to avoid damaging the ceramic tile during splitting, a splitting saw blade should not exceed 3mm, and the saw blade must pass through the middle of the gap of the ceramic tile, and the bamboo crushed aggregate base plate brick finished products are obtained.
The preparation method has the advantages that the material cost is low, the source is wide, strict parameter requirements ensure that the ceramic tile, the plant fiber-based composite layer and the silicate cement board are not easy to layer, and the durability is high; the prepared plant fiber base floor tile is characterized in that a plant fiber base composite layer produced by utilizing crop resources or agriculture and forestry processing residues is compounded with the ceramic tile, so that not only are the waste crop resources and the agriculture and forestry processing residues effectively utilized, but also the prepared floor tile is soft in foot feel, good in wear resistance, water resistance and decorative performance, free of artificial formaldehyde release and capable of achieving the fire-proof grade of the product which reaches over B1 grade according to a national standard (GB) building material combustion performance grading method GB8624-1997, and has a very wide market prospect; in general, the method has great practical significance for expanding the application field of crop resources or agriculture and forestry processing residues, increasing the added value of the crops and forestry processing residues and improving the functionality and comfort of the floor tiles.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a plant fiber based floor tile comprises the following steps of:
(1) Processing the agriculture and forestry processing residues into plant fibers, and drying until the water content is below 10%;
(2) Fully mixing and stirring 5-10 parts of calcium silicate, 2-7 parts of calcium sulfate, 10-15 parts of magnesium sulfate, 40-50 parts of magnesium oxide, 8-10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 2-3 parts of vegetable oil and 40-60 parts of water according to the parts by mass to prepare an inorganic adhesive;
(3) taking the inorganic adhesive prepared in the step (2) as an adhesive spraying material, carrying out atomization and adhesive spraying on the plant fiber obtained after drying in the step (1) while stirring, wherein the weight ratio of the plant fiber to the inorganic adhesive is 3-5:7-5, and then paving the plant fiber and inorganic adhesive on a PP plastic base plate to form a plant fiber inorganic composite plate blank;
(4) pressurizing the paved plant fiber inorganic composite board blank and the PP plastic backing board under the condition of the pressure of 4.0-5.5MPa, separating the obtained semi-finished product of the plant fiber inorganic composite material and the PP plastic backing board after pressure relief, and stacking to obtain a finished product of the plant fiber inorganic composite material;
(5) drying the finished product of the plant fiber inorganic composite material obtained in the step (4) until the water content is below 10%, and then performing double-sided roller coating and gluing, wherein the adhesive is water-soluble epoxy resin adhesive;
(6) And (3) stacking the plant fiber inorganic composite material obtained by applying glue by double-sided roller coating after the step (5) on a silicate cement board, stacking the plant fiber inorganic composite material with the smooth surface facing upwards on a plant fiber base floor tile assembly to form a plant fiber base floor tile assembly, stacking a PP plastic base plate on the ceramic tile, performing pressure forming under the condition of 0.8-1.5MPa, and obtaining the finished product of the plant fiber base floor tile after splitting and trimming.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the plant fiber has a size of 2 to 12mm in length, 1 to 3mm in width and 0.5 to 2mm in thickness.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the stirring time is 5 to 8 min; in the step (3), the stirring time is 6-8 min; in the step (4), the pressurizing time is 8-10min, and the stacking time is 10-16 h; in the step (5), the drying temperature is 100-125 ℃, the drying time is 15-30s/mm, and the double-side glue application amount is 160g/mm2(ii) a In the step (6), the plant fiber-based floor tile assembly is repeatedly stacked for 50-70 blocks, and the pressurizing time is 5-8 min.
4. the method of claim 1, wherein the tile is a polished tile, a glazed tile, or a marble tile.
5. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the tile is 2-5mm, the thickness of the plant fiber inorganic composite material is 8-24mm, and the thickness of the portland cement board is 2-5 mm.
6. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step (6), the silicate cement board in each plant fiber based floor tile assembly has a specification of 1220 x 2440 x 2-5mm, the tile stacking standard is that 18 tiles with a specification of 400 x 2-5mm are tiled, and the gap distance between the tiles is 5 mm; the specific operation steps of subdividing and edging are as follows: and sawing and splitting the formed large-breadth plant fiber base floor tile assembly along the gap of the ceramic tile, trimming the protruding part of the edge, wherein the thickness of a saw blade of the sawing and splitting is not more than 3 mm.
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| CN111943582A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-17 | 北京水木华宸科技发展有限公司 | High-strength fiber cement composite board and preparation method thereof |
| CN117142868B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-02-20 | 久精日坩(江苏)新材料科技有限公司 | Production process of refractory material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104594589A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-06 | 李洪华 | Plant fiber-reinforced inorganic fireproof decorative sheet and preparation method thereof |
| CN205777040U (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 哈尔滨展大科技有限责任公司 | Decorative cover and Stalk brick integral structure |
| CN106401054A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 刘卫东 | Plant fiber wall board and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN104594589A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-06 | 李洪华 | Plant fiber-reinforced inorganic fireproof decorative sheet and preparation method thereof |
| CN205777040U (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 哈尔滨展大科技有限责任公司 | Decorative cover and Stalk brick integral structure |
| CN106401054A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 刘卫东 | Plant fiber wall board and manufacturing method thereof |
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