CN107172660A - A kind of Beacon coordination systems suitable for sensor network protocol - Google Patents
A kind of Beacon coordination systems suitable for sensor network protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN107172660A CN107172660A CN201710154417.7A CN201710154417A CN107172660A CN 107172660 A CN107172660 A CN 107172660A CN 201710154417 A CN201710154417 A CN 201710154417A CN 107172660 A CN107172660 A CN 107172660A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
- H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Beacon coordination systems suitable for sensor network protocol, comprises the following steps：Set up and recombinate PAN networks；Carry out Beacon transmissions；The networking and disconnection of equipment；Carry out Beacon synchronous；Based on StartTime operating principles, coordinate Beacon transmission timing.In multi-hop wireless sensor network, when the FFD of different stage sends Beacon, easily occur Beacon collision problems, the present invention coordinates by introducing StartTime mechanism come the transmission timing to Beacon, Beacon collision probability can be effectively reduced, strengthens the robustness of network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless sensor network.More particularly, to a kind of suitable for sensor network protocol
The Beacon coordination systems.
Background technology
In recent years, with the development of wireless communication technology and microelectric technique, wireless sensor network WSN (Wireless
Sensor Network) it has been listed in one of 21 century most influential technology.WSN is a kind of distributed sensor,
Its tip is can to perceive and check the sensor in the external world.Sensor in WSN wirelessly communicates, therefore net
Network sets flexible, and device location can be changed at any time, and the connection of wired or wireless way can also be carried out with internet, passes through nothing
One multihop self-organizing network of line communication mode formation.WSN has node mobility small, and node density is big, and transmission range is short
And data communication rates are relatively low, the features such as working condition of communication link is relatively unstable.The media of wireless sensor network
Control access (Media Access Control, MAC) layer design is relative to conventional wireless MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc
Network, MANET) maximum difference is the finite energy of node.Therefore WSN research is concentrated mainly on its MAC protocol i.e.
IEEE802.15.4 agreements.It is more for the CSMA Mechanism Studies in agreement in recent years, and for nodes it is more in the case of
The analysis of Beacon collision problems is less.Existing research below for CSMA is briefly introduced.
For the CSMA algorithms in IEEE802.11, Giuseppe Bianchi propose the Ma Er of CSMA algorithms within 2001
Section's husband's chain model, thereafter many scholars theoretical research has been carried out to the CSMA algorithms in WLAN based on this model.But due to
CSMA algorithms in IEEE802.11 with it is different in IEEE 802.15.4, therefore this model to IEEE 802.15.4 simultaneously
It is inapplicable, and because wireless sensor network speed is relatively low, basic condition --- the channel saturation that Bianchi models are proposed
And it is unreasonable.
Based on the model of Bianchi propositions, Sofie Pollin et al. notice the CSMA machines in IEEE 802.15.4
System with the CSMA mechanism in IEEE802.11 and differing, they by a model give out a contract for a project every time terminate after add identical number
The time slot of amount is equivalent to unsaturation channel, it is intended to which model is extended to the situation of unsaturation channel.But IEEE 802.15.4's
In CSMA/CA mechanism, because the arrival of the packet in actual low speed net is usually Poisson processes, therefore this way
It is not to gear to actual circumstances very much.
J.Misic et al. proposes more realistic model, and add in a model again on the basis of the model of forefathers
Delayline state and the buffer represented with " 0 " are empty state.But the data obtained by their model calculating are with imitating
True result differs greatly.
The researchers such as Mustafa E. mainly study two kinds of CSMA/ of time slot (Slotted) and non-slot (unslotted)
Influences of the CA to network, it is proposed that the algorithm of dutycycle is chosen using convex optimization method.
It can be seen that, there are a large amount of researchs for being directed to CSMA mechanism in recent years, either to the research of base mechanisms, or pin
Optimization to application, has certain progress, and occur in that many with new mechanism, the MAC protocol of new idea.But, very
Rare researcher analyzes for the Beacon collision problems of the not brother of node in the more network scenarios of nodes, by
In traditional frame structure, the Beacon of each node transmission timing is the same, when nodes increase, will cause
Beacon severe crash, it is therefore desirable to design new mechanism to solve the collision problem of node Beacon transmissions.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of Beacon coordination systems suitable for sensor network protocol.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome drawbacks described above, for the FFD (Full- of different stage in multi-hop sensor network
FunctionDevice) node sends Beacon collision problem, and it is effective that the present invention proposes that a kind of StartTime operating mechanisms are come
Reduce Beacon collision probability.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of Beacon coordination systems suitable for sensor network protocol, comprise the following steps：
Set up and recombinate PAN networks；
Carry out Beacon transmissions；
The networking and disconnection of equipment；
Carry out Beacon synchronous；
Based on StartTime operating principles, coordinate Beacon transmission timing.
Preferably, PAN networks are set up to comprise the following steps：
FFD sends SetDefaultPIB and restarts MAC layer for TRUE MLME-RESET.request primitive；
Active scan channels, choose suitable PAN identifier；
FFD sets macShortAddress ＜ 0xffff；
FFD sends the MLME-START.request primitive that PANCoordinator parameters are TRUE；
MAC layer updates frame structure and set and channel option；
MAC layer returns to the MLME-START.confirm primitive that state is SUCCESS.
Preferably, restructuring PAN networks comprise the following steps：
Telegon receives the MLME-START.request primitive that CoordRealignment parameters are TRUE；
Telegon recombinates PAN networks, updates and sets；
Judge whether equipment sends Beacon, if so, then activating indirect communication and confirming that next time uses new setting
It is transmitted；If it is not, then equipment sends restructuring order immediately；
Judge whether restructuring order sends success, new frame structure is set and channel is set if so, then being placed in Beacon
Put and be transmitted, while MAC layer sends the MLME-START.confirm primitive primitive that state is SUCCESS；If it is not,
The MLME-START.confirm that state is channel access failure is then sent, upper strata selection resends MLME-
START.request primitive.
Preferably, Beacon transmissions are carried out to comprise the following steps：
Whether be 0xffff, if so, then FFD can not send Beacon if judging equipment short address macShortAddress；If
No, then FFD can send Beacon；
When beacon index BO is not 15, FFD equipment carries out Beacon transmissions using MLME-START.request primitive；
Different Beacon are carried out based on the judgement to FFD to send, including situations below：
1) whether be telegon, if so, then carrying out Beacon transmissions if, judging FFD；If it is not, must then be led to telegon
Beacon is sent after letter；
2) whether be the whole network telegon, if so, then FFD ignores StratTime and sends Beacon immediately if, judging FFD；If
No, then FFD is based on StratTime and calculates the transmission time.
It is further preferred that being comprised the following steps based on the StratTime calculating transmission times：
If StartTime is 0, FFD sends Beacon immediately；
If StartTime is not 0,：
If 1), FFD does not receive less than aMaxLostBeacons continuous Beacon bags, according to FFD's
MacBeaconOrder continues to send Beacon；
If 2), FFD have received the Beacon from telegon, Beacon transmissions are reset according to the information received and set
Put；
If 3), FFD does not receive the Beacon from telegon, MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication is sent former
Language to upper strata, which is existed side by side, to stop sending Beacon；
Upper strata, which is received, to be sent MLME-START.request primitive to restart Beacon transmission after primitive；
Receive after MLME-START.request, MAC layer resets macPANId and puts it into Beacon bags
Source PAN Identifier areas；
Record last time sends the time of Beacon frames in macBeaconTxTime.
Preferably, the networking of equipment specifically includes following steps：
MAC layer is restarted；
Choose after PAN networks, upper strata sends MLME-ASSOCIATE.request primitive, obtain PHY and MAC PIB ginsengs
Number；
MacAssociationPermit is judged, if TRUE, then telegon allows node to network；If
FALSE, then telegon ignore the networking request that equipment sends.
Preferably, the disconnection of equipment specifically includes following steps：
Equipment sends disconnection order；
TxIndirect is judged, if TRUE, then telegon sends disconnection to equipment by indirect mode and ordered
Order；If FALSE, then telegon will directly transmit disconnection order；
Judge whether equipment receives disconnection order, if then device replied ACK；If it is not, then judging that equipment has been moved off net
Network；
After the completion of equipment disconnection, all parameters on this PAN networks are removed.
Preferably, Beacon is carried out synchronously to comprise the following steps：
Opening of device receiver simultaneously enters line search matching at most [aBaseSuperframeDuration* (2n+1)]
The Beacon of PAN identifier, wherein n=beacons index BO；
Judge search result, if searching for successfully, equipment is matched the source address in MAC header with source PAN；If search
Failure, then equipment repeat search, fails if reaching that maximum attempts aMaxLostBeacons is still searched for, is sent to upper strata
MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication primitive；
Judge whether the information in Beacon bags is equal to the coordination information locally preserved, if then carrying out next step judgement；
If it is not, then abandoning the Beacon bags；
MacAutoRequest is judged, if FALSE, then upper strata is notified；If having number in TURE and Beacon
According to load, then equipment notifies upper strata and contrasts the address of Address List Field in bag；
Determine whether 16 short addresses of this equipment or 64 Bits Expanding addresses and macPANId is identical, if then equipment is opened
Begin to extract indirect data；If it is not, then repeating said process.
Preferably, StartTime operating principles include：
The neighbors number for needing to support is determined by network size；
Superframe index SO and beacon index BO difference are determined based on neighbors number；
The approximate range of frame length is determined according to data cycle request and further determines that beacon index BO value and superframe refer to
Number SO value；
If entering line displacement in units of time slot, StartTime takes the integral multiple of offset；
Node is added the time for obtaining sending Beacon according to the time for receiving Beacon and with StartTime.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
In multi-hop wireless sensor network, when the FFD of different stage sends Beacon, easily occur Beacon collisions and ask
Topic, the present invention is coordinated by introducing StartTime mechanism come the transmission timing to Beacon, can effectively reduce Beacon
Collision probability, strengthen network robustness.
Brief description of the drawings
The embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows that PAN networks set up process schematic.
Fig. 2 shows PAN network reconfiguration process schematics.
Fig. 3 shows basic networking process schematic.
Fig. 4 shows basic disconnection schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 5 shows synchronizing process schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 shows StartTime position views.
Fig. 7 shows StartTime selection principle schematic diagrams.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.Similar part is indicated with identical reference in accompanying drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below
The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
The present invention be directed in multi-hop sensor network, FFD (Full-function Device) node of different stage
Beacon collision problem is sent, a kind of starttime operating mechanisms of proposition effectively reduce Beacon collision probability, led to
Cross introducing StartTime mechanism come the transmission timing to Beacon to coordinate, can effectively reduce Beacon collision probability,
Strengthen the robustness of network.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
StartTime operating mechanisms：StartTime implication as shown in fig. 6, equivalent to one offset of StartTime,
Node receives Beacon time according to oneself, and the time for obtaining oneself and sending Beacon is added with StartTime.
Synchronous method：All devices under Beacon-enabled patterns must be synchronous by Beacon, so can just enter
Row indirect communication and tracking Beacon.Equipment can only be entered in Beacon in the network containing specific PAN identifier macPANId
Row Beacon is synchronous, if macPANId=0xffff, then it is synchronous that equipment will not attempt Beacon.Receive MLME-
After SYNC.request primitive, it is synchronous that equipment will attempt to carry out Beacon, equipment can attempt by Periodic activation receiver with
Track Beacon bags.If not allowing tracking, but last synchronization allows tracking, then equipment still will detect a cycle
Then tracking is stopped again.In order to reach that Beacon is synchronous, equipment needs to open its receiver and at most
Enter line search, wherein n=beacons index BO (BeaconOrder) in [aBaseSuperframeDuration* (2n+1)].Such as
Fruit does not receive the Beacon of matching PAN identifiers during this period, and equipment can repeat to search until reaching maximum attempts
AMaxLostBeacons, now equipment MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication primitive will be sent to upper strata, now loss is former
Because BEACON_LOSS.Equipment needs to record the time for receiving Beacon frames every time in macSyncSymbolOffset parameters
Border, the Beacon frames that this timestamp must be sent with oneself in itself are consistent, and the Beacon is stored in
In macBeaconTxTime, at the same also must with it is locally consistent all the time.Timestamp can relative also may be used according to difference is set
To be absolute.Receive after Beacon frames, equipment is by the source address and source PAN identifier that match in MAC header, if Beacon bags
In these information be not equal to the telegon information locally preserved, equipment will directly abandon this Beacon bag.
After Beacon bags are properly received, if macAutoRequest options are FALSE, equipment needs to notify upper strata,
Specially MLME-BEACON-NOTIFY.indication primitive.If having data payload in TURE and Beacon, then equipment
Still first it is notified that upper strata, specially MLME-BEACON-NOTIFY.indication primitive, then equipment can be contrasted in bag
Address ListField address, if 16 short addresses of this equipment or 64 Bits Expanding addresses, and macPANId phases
Together, then equipment will start the process of extraction indirect data.If Beacon is followed the trail of and is activated, equipment must be next
The front opening receiver for the time that Beacon is likely to occur.
Beacon is sent：Only when equipment short address macShortAddress is not 0xffff, equipment can be sent
Beacon.When beacon index BO is not 15, a FFD equipment will use MLME-START.request primitive to start to send
Beacon.No matter it is coordinator node, FFD equipment can send Beacon.But if not coordinator node, this
FFD equipment must carry out communication with telegon could send Beacon.Whether it is TRUE according to PANcoordinator options
Whether be the whole network telegon, if FFD equipment is the whole network telegon, so StratTime will be ignored if judging equipment, equipment will
Beacon is sent immediately.For the FFD equipment of non-the whole network telegon, the time for sending Beacon is determined by StartTime, if
StratTime=0, then this equipment equally can also send Beacon immediately, if StartTime is not 0, then send time meter
Calculation mode is as follows：
If equipment is not received less than the continuous Beacon bags of aMaxLostBeacons, he by according to oneself
MacBeaconOrder continues to send the Beacon of oneself.If equipment have received the Beacon from telegon, i.e., do not lose
Desynchronize, then he will reset the Beacon of oneself according to the information received and send setting.It is synchronized if lost, then
Equipment will send MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication primitive to upper strata and stop sending Beacon immediately, once upper strata is received
To primitive, by MLME-START.request primitive is sent immediately to restart Beacon transmission.
Receive after MLME-START.request, MAC layer can will reset macPANId and put it into oneself
The Source PAN Identifier areas of Beacon bags.If macShortAddress=0xfffe, then in Beacon frames
AExtendedAddress must be included, macShortAddress otherwise can be only included.Last time sends Beacon frames
Time will be recorded in macBeaconTxTime.
In the present invention, the transmission of Beacon frames has priority, i.e., operated prior to all transmissions with receiving.Below, with reference to one
Individual specific embodiment is illustrated to the coordination system of the present invention.
1st, networking and restructuring：
(1) PAN networks are set up
Initiated by FFD, it is necessary to the work such as Fig. 1 completed：Send the MLME- that SetDefaultPIB is TRUE
RESET.request primitive restarts MAC layer, and active scan channels choose suitable PAN identifier.The FFD equipment must be by
MacShortAddress is set to the value less than 0xffff.This FFD will be responsible for setting up PAN networks by sending
PANCoordinator parameters are TRUE MLME-START.request primitive.Receive after this primitive, MAC layer updates frame structure
Set and channel option, the MLME-START.confirm originals that a state is SUCCESS can be returned to by completing MAC layer after operation
Language, this equipment formally turns into a PAN telegon and started working.
(2) PAN networks are recombinated
If it is former that telegon receives the MLME-START.request that a CoordRealignment parameter is TRUE
Language, then telegon will attempt to change PANID, logic channel is laid equal stress on group network such as Fig. 2.If equipment sends Beacon, that
Next time, which sends, can use new setting to be transmitted, but indirect communication will be activated.If equipment is not being sent now
Beacon, then now equipment will send restructuring order immediately.If restructuring order does not send success due to channel problems, that
MLME-START.confirm of the state for channel access failure CHANNEL_ACCESS_FAILURE will be sent, then
Upper strata can select to resend MLME-START.request primitive.
It is successfully transmitted after restructuring order, new frame structure is set and channel sets to be put into Beacon and sent out
Send, if sending Beacon, wait the Beacon of next cycle, if not sending, Beacon, MAC layer are sent immediately
The MLME-START.confirm primitive primitive that a state is SUCCESS can be sent.
2nd, Beacon is sent：Only when equipment short address macShortAddress is not 0xffff, equipment can be sent out
Send Beacon.
When beacon index BO is not 15, a FFD equipment will use MLME-START.request primitive to start hair
Send Beacon.No matter it is coordinator node, FFD equipment can send Beacon.But if not coordinator node,
This FFD equipment must carry out communication with telegon could send Beacon.If FFD equipment is the whole network telegon, then
StratTime will be ignored, and equipment will send Beacon immediately.For the FFD equipment of non-the whole network telegon, send Beacon's
Time is determined by StartTime, if StratTime=0, then this equipment equally can also send Beacon immediately, if
StartTime is not 0, then send Time Calculation mode as follows：If equipment is not received less than aMaxLostBeacons
Continuous Beacon bags, he will continue to send the Beacon of oneself according to the macBeaconOrder of oneself.If equipment is received
Beacon from telegon, i.e., do not lose synchronization, then he will reset oneself according to the information received
Beacon, which is sent, to be set.It is synchronized if lost, then equipment will send MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication primitive to upper
Layer simultaneously stops sending Beacon immediately, once upper strata receives primitive, MLME-START.request primitive will be sent immediately with weight
Open Beacon transmission.Receive after MLME-START.request, MAC layer can will reset macPANId and put it into certainly
The Source PAN Identifier areas of own Beacon bags.If macShortAddress=0xfffe, then Beacon frames
In must include aExtendedAddress, otherwise can only include macShortAddress.
The time that last time sends Beacon frames will be recorded in macBeaconTxTime.
3rd, network and disconnection：
(1) network
A MAC layer is had to pass through before attempting to network to restart, and specially sends MLME-RESET.Request primitive,
SetDefaultPIB options are TRUE, complete active channel scan and passive channel scan.Channel is swept
The result retouched will be used in the suitable PAN networks of selection.
Such as Fig. 3, choose after PAN networks, upper strata will send MLME-ASSOCIATE.request primitive, obtain following network
Necessary PHY and MAC PIB parameters：
-phyCurrentChannel
-phyCurrentPage
-macPANId
- macCoordExtendedAddress or macCoordShortAddress
Above parameter is obtained by request primitive.
When macAssociationPermit is TRUE, telegon can just allow node to network.Same equipment only exists
When the telegon of some PAN network is in the state for allowing to network the request that networks can be just initiated (by scanning).When
When macAssociationPermit is FALSE, telegon will ignore the networking request that equipment is sent.
In order to optimize the network process that enters of Beacon-enabled patterns, equipment can preferentially track the network of desired addition
The Beacon bags that telegon is sent.This function is swashed by MLME-SYNC.request primitive (TrackBeacon options are set to TRUE)
It is living.
Equipment is attempted to add the PAN networks existed by MLME-ASSOCIATE.request primitive, it is impossible to attempt
Set up the PAN networks of oneself.The MAC layer of one non-log equipment networks networking command request is sent, but if networking request
Order have failed (because the subsidiary ACK request of networking request command, telegon will be replied due to channel reason
If confirm receives request), MAC layer will return result to upper strata.But ACK is not meant to that equipment has networked.
Telegon needs the time and is decided whether to allow this equipment to network according to resource allocation conditions.Upper strata is configured to this time
(by macResponseWaitTime), if upper strata finds that the equipment had entered net, then the letter on this equipment before
Breath will be removed.If resource allows, then upper strata will distribute 16 short addresses to this equipment and send comprising new
The networking of address (meaning to allow the current request that networks) is replied.Equally, if resource does not allow, telegon can reply a Shen
Please state for failure networking reply.If Capability Information areas are set to 1 in the networking request of equipment, that
Telegon will distribute 16 short addresses according to the address pattern oneself supported to equipment.If Allocate in the request that networks
Address subfield are 0, then the short address of distribution will (this be a special circumstances, and he represents equipment for 0xfffe
Through networking but short address is not distributed for it, now equipment will use 64 Bits Expanding addresses to work).
After the networking request ACK for receiving telegon transmission, equipment waits the time for waiting macResponseWaitTime
Telegon decides whether to network.MacResponseWaitTime parameters are a parameters based on network topology, and it sets
Put and determine that this can be comprising how many nodes in netting indirectly.If equipment just tracks Beacon, then it will have attempted to from
Extract to network in Beacon bags and reply.If equipment does not track Beacon, then it will be in macResponseWaitTime heels
Track, which networks, replys.If equipment does not trace into networking and replied, then it will send a MLME-ASSOCIATE.confirm
(state is NO_DATA), the request that this time networks is considered as failure, and now, upper strata will stop all Beacon tracking.
Reply and also asked comprising ACK due to networking, the equipment that request networks is also required to inform that telegon has been received by ACK
Replied to networking.Networked successfully if Association Status field are indicated, equipment can preserve 16 short addresses, if
Former Beacon is networked by scanning, then will be had the extended address of telegon, to be equally also stored in
In macCoordExtendedAddress.
If Association Status field indicate that networking is failed, then the macPANId of equipment should be set to
Default value 0xffff.
(2) disconnection
Disconnection asks to be initiated by the MLMEDISASSOCIATE.request primitive on upper strata.
When telegon needs some node in net to leave network, equipment can send disconnection order its sender
Formula determines by the TxIndirect options sent before, such as Fig. 4：If TxIndirect is TRUE, then between telegon can be used
The mode connect sends disconnection order to equipment.For example：Device address is added into indirect communication address, extracted by equipment, if
Extract unsuccessful, telegon Default device has been moved off network.If TxIndirect is FALSE, then telegon will be direct
Disconnection order is sent, in this case, if because channel reason can not be sent, MAC layer needs to notify upper strata.Same disconnection order
Also confirm comprising an ACK, equipment is received to be needed to send ACK after disconnection order.All fail if directly or indirectly sent, that
Telegon will be considered to equipment and have been moved off network.If equipment is wanted to leave network, then equipment will send disconnection to telegon
Request, i.e. disconnection order.It can not be sent if as channel reason, equally to notify upper strata.This disconnection request also includes one
ACK is asked, and telegon will reply an ACK and be confirmed after receiving again.If ACK is not received, equipment will be considered to oneself
Through leaving network.
If request in source address be equal to macCoordExtendedAddress, then equipment it also hold that oneself
Through disconnection.When telegon receives such disconnection request, it will confirm that this source address is certain in Home Network first
Individual equipment, after confirmation, telegon thinks equipment disconnection, otherwise ignores this message.
After equipment disconnection, it is necessary to remove all parameters on this PAN networks.macPANId,macShortAddress,
MacAssociatedPANCoord, macCoordShortAddress and macCoordExtendedAddress are both needed to reset
For default value.And the upper strata of telegon only needs to remove the information on this equipment.
The equipment of request disconnection needs to tell upper strata disconnection result by MLME-DISASSOCIATE.confirm primitive.
4th, synchronizing process is as shown in Figure 5：All devices under Beacon-enabled patterns must be synchronous by Beacon,
Indirect communication could so be carried out and Beacon is followed the trail of.Equipment can only contain specific PAN identifier macPANId in Beacon
Network in carry out Beacon synchronous, if macPANId=0xffff, then it is synchronous that equipment will not attempt Beacon.Receive
After MLME-SYNC.request primitive, equipment will be attempted to carry out Beacon synchronizations, and equipment can be attempted to receive by Periodic activation
Device tracks Beacon bags.If not allowing tracking, but last synchronization allows tracking, then equipment still will detect one
Then cycle stops tracking again.In order to reach that Beacon is synchronous, equipment needs to open its receiver and at most
Enter line search, wherein n=beacons index BO in [aBaseSuperframeDuration* (2n+1)].If do not received during this period
To the Beacon of matching PAN identifiers, equipment can repeat to search until reaching maximum attempts aMaxLostBeacons, this
When equipment MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication primitive will be sent to upper strata, now loss reasons be BEACON_LOSS.If
Standby to need to record the time boundary for receiving Beacon frames every time in macSyncSymbolOffset parameters, this timestamp must
The Beacon frames that must be in itself sent with oneself are consistent, at the same also must with it is locally consistent all the time.Timestamp is different according to setting
Can be it is relative can also be absolute.
Receive after Beacon frames, equipment is by the source address and source PAN identifier that match in MAC header, if in Beacon bags
These information be not equal to the telegon information locally preserved, equipment will directly abandon this Beacon bag.
After Beacon bags are properly received, if macAutoRequest options are FALSE, equipment needs to notify upper strata
(MLME-BEACON-NOTIFY.indication primitive).If having data payload in TURE and Beacon, then equipment is still
Upper strata (MLME-BEACON-NOTIFY.indication primitive) is first notified that, then equipment can contrast AddressList in bag
Field address, if 16 short addresses of this equipment or 64 Bits Expanding addresses, and macPANId is identical, then equipment
The process of extraction indirect data will be started.If Beacon is followed the trail of and is activated, equipment must be likely to occur in next Beacon
Time front opening receiver.
5th, StatTime is run：StartTime implication is as shown in fig. 6, equivalent to one offset of StartTime, section
Point receives Beacon time according to oneself, and the time for obtaining oneself and sending Beacon is added with StartTime.
StartTime selection principles such as Fig. 7, the neighbors number for needing to support can be determined by network size, it can thus be concluded that superframe refers to
Number SO (Superframe Order) and beacon index BO difference, the substantially model of frame length can be obtained according to data cycle request
Enclose, thereby determine that beacon index BO value, so as to obtain superframe index SO value.It is possible to additionally, due to Beacon across time slot,
If entering line displacement in units of time slot, need to ensure the integral multiple that StartTime takes offset.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical scheme is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Beacon coordination systems suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that the coordination system include with
Lower step：
Set up and recombinate PAN networks；
Carry out Beacon transmissions；
The networking and disconnection of equipment；
Carry out Beacon synchronous；
Based on StartTime operating principles, coordinate Beacon transmission timing.
2. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 1 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
PAN networks are set up to comprise the following steps：
FFD sends SetDefaultPIB and restarts MAC layer for TRUE MLME-RESET.request primitive；
Active scan channels, choose suitable PAN identifier；
FFD sets macShortAddress ＜ 0xffff；
FFD sends the MLME-START.request primitive that PANCoordinator parameters are TRUE；
MAC layer updates frame structure and set and channel option；
MAC layer returns to the MLME-START.confirm primitive that state is SUCCESS.
3. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 1 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
Restructuring PAN networks comprise the following steps：
Telegon receives the MLME-START.request primitive that CoordRealignment parameters are TRUE；
Telegon recombinates PAN networks, updates and sets；
Judge whether equipment sends Beacon, if so, then activating indirect communication and confirming that next time is carried out using new setting
Send；If it is not, then equipment sends restructuring order immediately；
Judge whether restructuring order sends success, if so, then placed in Beacon new frame structure set and channel set into
Row is sent, while MAC layer sends the MLME-START.confirm primitive primitive that state is SUCCESS；If it is not, then sending out
The MLME-START.confirm that state is channel access failure is sent, it is former that upper strata selection resends MLME-START.request
Language.
4. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 1 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
Beacon transmissions are carried out to comprise the following steps：
Whether be 0xffff, if so, then FFD can not send Beacon if judging equipment short address macShortAddress；If it is not,
Then FFD can send Beacon；
When beacon index BO (Beacon Order) is not 15, FFD equipment is carried out using MLME-START.request primitive
Beacon is sent；
Different Beacon are carried out based on the judgement to FFD to send, including situations below：
1) whether be telegon, if so, then carrying out Beacon transmissions if, judging FFD；If it is not, after must then being communicated with telegon
Send Beacon；
2) whether be the whole network telegon, if so, then FFD ignores StratTime and sends Beacon immediately if, judging FFD；If it is not,
Then FFD is based on StratTime and calculates the transmission time.
5. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 4 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
Comprised the following steps based on the StratTime calculating transmission times：
If StartTime is 0, FFD sends Beacon immediately；
If StartTime is not 0,：
If 1), FFD does not receive less than aMaxLostBeacons continuous Beacon bags, according to the FFD's
MacBeaconOrder continues to send Beacon；
If 2), FFD have received the Beacon from telegon, Beacon is reset according to the information received and sends setting；
If 3), FFD does not receive the Beacon from telegon, MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication primitive is sent extremely
Upper strata simultaneously stops sending Beacon immediately；
Upper strata, which is received, to be sent MLME-START.request primitive to restart Beacon transmission after primitive；
Receive after MLME-START.request, MAC layer resets macPANId and puts it into the Source of Beacon bags
PAN Identifier areas；
Record last time sends the time of Beacon frames in macBeaconTxTime.
6. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 1 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
The networking of equipment specifically includes following steps：
MAC layer is restarted；
Choose after PAN networks, upper strata sends MLME-ASSOCIATE.request primitive, obtain PHY and MAC PIB parameters；
MacAssociationPermit is judged, if TRUE, then telegon allows node to network；If FALSE, then
Telegon ignores the networking request that equipment is sent.
7. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 1 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
The disconnection of equipment specifically includes following steps：
Equipment sends disconnection order；
TxIndirect is judged, if TRUE, then telegon sends disconnection order by indirect mode to equipment；If
For FALSE, then telegon will directly transmit disconnection order；
Judge whether equipment receives disconnection order, if then device replied ACK；If it is not, then judging that equipment has been moved off network；
After the completion of equipment disconnection, all parameters on this PAN networks are removed.
8. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 1 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
Beacon is carried out synchronously to comprise the following steps：
Opening of device receiver simultaneously enters line search matching PAN marks at most [aBaseSuperframeDuration* (2n+1)]
Know the Beacon, wherein n=beacons index BO (Beacon Order) of symbol；
Judge search result, if searching for successfully, equipment is matched the source address in MAC header with source PAN；If search is lost
Lose, then equipment repeat search, fail if reaching that maximum attempts aMaxLostBeacons is still searched for, sent to upper strata
MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication primitive；
Judge whether the information in Beacon bags is equal to the coordination information locally preserved, if then carrying out next step judgement；If it is not,
Then abandon the Beacon bags；
MacAutoRequest is judged, if FALSE, then upper strata is notified；If having data minus in TURE and Beacon
Carry, then equipment notifies upper strata and contrasts the address of Address List Field in bag；
Determine whether 16 short addresses of this equipment or 64 Bits Expanding addresses and macPANId is identical, if then equipment starts to carry
Take indirect data；If it is not, then repeating said process.
9. the Beacon coordination systems according to claim 1 suitable for sensor network protocol, it is characterised in that described
StartTime operating principles include：
The neighbors number for needing to support is determined by network size；
Superframe index SO (Superframe Order) and beacon index BO (Beacon are determined based on the neighbors number
Order difference)；
The approximate range of frame length is determined according to data cycle request and beacon index BO value and superframe index SO is further determined that
Value；
If entering line displacement in units of time slot, StartTime takes the integral multiple of offset；
Node is added the time for obtaining sending Beacon according to the time for receiving Beacon and with StartTime.
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