CN107171636B - Photovoltaic module cooling system and control method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module cooling system and control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107171636B CN107171636B CN201710513261.7A CN201710513261A CN107171636B CN 107171636 B CN107171636 B CN 107171636B CN 201710513261 A CN201710513261 A CN 201710513261A CN 107171636 B CN107171636 B CN 107171636B
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- photovoltaic module
- temperature
- water pump
- cooling
- circulation
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/42—Cooling means
- H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module cooling system and a control method, which aim to solve the problems of low system installation cost, simple and convenient operability and system safety of recycling energy collected by a photovoltaic module backboard through effectively reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module backboard, and compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module cooling system has the following advantages: the problem that the temperature rise under the irradiation of the sun influences the power generation reduction of the photovoltaic module when the photovoltaic module generates power is effectively avoided, and the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module is improved; the pressure requirement of the circulating conduit is low, a common conduit can be adopted, the system installation mode is convenient and quick, and the cost is low; the photovoltaic module cooling bag has elasticity, and under extremely cold weather, bear the thermal expansion refrigerated pressure of coolant liquid, avoid the hidden crack that photovoltaic module caused, utilize through the energy that photovoltaic module cooling and collect, reduce the family water heating and to the use of energy, realize family-type energy-conservation, can effectively alleviate the conflagration threat that photovoltaic module hot spot effect brought.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery plate cooling systems, in particular to a photovoltaic module cooling system and a control method.
Background
In practical application, the power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation system is greatly influenced by natural environment conditions, wherein the working temperature of a photovoltaic module of a main component of the system is one of important factors influencing the performance of the photovoltaic power generation system.
At present, the silicon photovoltaic modules are mainly used for large-scale commercial application: monocrystalline silicon components, polycrystalline silicon components and amorphous silicon components, the influence of temperature on the photovoltaic components is mainly represented by the variation of parameters of open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and peak power of the components along with the variation of temperature. The open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic module is reduced along with the rise of temperature; the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic module rises along with the rise of the temperature; the peak power of the photovoltaic module decreases with increasing temperature. The temperature rise is accompanied by a decrease in the efficiency of the photovoltaic module; the peak power loss is 0.35% -0.45% when the temperature is increased by 1 ℃; for example, a photovoltaic module operating at 20 ℃ has an output peak power 20% higher than that of a module operating at 70 ℃; the visible temperature has a great influence on the photovoltaic module.
The current implementation method in the prior art uses a circulating cooling system formed by a nitrogen pressure air bag and a water pump to exchange heat with air, so that the temperature of the solar panel is reduced, and the service life of the solar panel is prolonged (refer to patent number CN 104201985A).
In the disclosed patent, the nitrogen pressure air bag is used for controlling the water flow, and the circularly heated water and the ambient air are subjected to heat exchange, so that the heat conduction speed and the heat conduction effect are poor, the water temperature after passing through the air cooler is higher than the air temperature, and the temperature of the air cooler accessory is also high; the air temperature is far higher than the temperature of tap water (underground water), so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is difficult to be further reduced in practical application; the whole system uses the water pump, if a control strategy is not added, the water pump works when cooling is not needed, and a lot of electric energy is wasted; the use method of the nitrogen pressure air bag is complicated; in addition, the pressure requirement on nitrogen is not ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems of low system installation cost, simple and convenient operability and system safety of the system by effectively reducing the temperature of a back plate of a photovoltaic module and recycling the energy collected by the back plate of the photovoltaic module on the basis of the disclosed cooling system applied to a solar cell panel and aiming at a cooling system control process and a cooling system control method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the system comprises a photovoltaic module cooling bag, a photovoltaic module temperature sensor, a control unit, an external circulation conduit, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, an external circulation cooling liquid adding device, an external circulation water pump, a heat exchange device, an internal circulation conduit, an internal circulation water pump, a water storage device and a sealed water storage device temperature sensor;
the external circulation system is used for tightly attaching the photovoltaic module cooling bags to the photovoltaic module backboard, the head and the tail of each photovoltaic module cooling bag are connected into a string through an external circulation conduit, and the string is connected with a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, an external circulation liquid adding device, an external circulation water pump and a heat exchange unit, and finally connected with the other end of the photovoltaic module cooling bag string; the external circulation cooling liquid forms a complete circulation system;
the internal circulation system is characterized in that an internal circulation conduit is connected with a sealed water storage device and an internal circulation water pump through a heat exchange system; the internal circulation system is physically completely isolated from the external circulation system;
the control system is characterized in that a temperature sensor signal wire led out of a cooling bag of the photovoltaic module, a temperature sensor signal wire of water in the water storage device, and an outer circulating water pump and an inner circulating water pump control wire are connected to the control unit.
Preferably, the photovoltaic module cooling bag is made of silica gel with good heat conduction performance.
Preferably, the external circulation conduit is a PVC pipe.
The whole cooling system is used for controlling the work of the external circulating water pump and the internal circulating water pump by collecting the temperature of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module and the temperature of water in the sealed water storage device through the control unit.
Aiming at a photovoltaic module cooling system, the control method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting an outer circulation start temperature Ts and an outer circulation stop temperature Tp;
(2) Collecting the temperature Tm of a cooling bag of the photovoltaic module and the water temperature Tw of a water storage device;
(3) Judging whether the PSF of the water pump working zone bit is 0 or not;
(4) If the water pump does not start to work, namely when the PSF is 0, if the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module is greater than the previously set external circulation starting temperature Ts, or the difference between the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is greater than delta T, the external circulation water pump and the internal circulation water pump are started; otherwise, the controller continues to monitor the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module;
if the water pump has started to operate, i.e., the PSF is 1, if the temperature Tm of the photovoltaic module cooling bladder is less than the previously set outer circulation stop temperature Tp and the difference between the photovoltaic module cooling bladder temperature Tm and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is less than 0.5 Δt, the outer circulation water pump and the inner circulation water pump will be stopped; otherwise, the controller continues to monitor the temperature Tm of the cooling bladder of the photovoltaic module.
Preferably, in the step (4), the difference between the temperature Tm of the cooling bladder of the photovoltaic module and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is greater than Δt;
wherein, deltaT is the set value.
The strategy of the control unit comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the photovoltaic module is low, the external circulating water pump and the internal circulating water pump are not started; when the temperature of the photovoltaic module reaches a threshold value, the control unit starts the outer circulating water pump and the inner circulating water pump to work, and then energy exchange is completed through the heat exchange device. The photovoltaic module is also at the most intense moment of solar irradiation when the temperature is high, the power generated by the photovoltaic module is the greatest at this moment, but the increase of the temperature of the photovoltaic module influences the efficiency of module power generation, and at this moment, the water pump circulation is started to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module, so that a part of energy for providing efficiency can be used for the operation of the water pump, the photovoltaic module can be cooled to achieve higher power generation efficiency, the heat of the photovoltaic module can heat domestic water, and the energy required for heating the domestic water is reduced.
The advantage of adopting water temperature to control the operation of pump among the water storage device in this scheme is when photovoltaic module temperature is far above the inside temperature of water storage device, starts outer circulating water pump and inner circulating water pump this moment, can further reduce the temperature of subassembly backplate, can further improve the generated energy.
According to the control method of the photovoltaic module cooling system, heat exchange is carried out on energy collected by the photovoltaic module backboard and tap water (underground water), so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module backboard can be reduced to a reasonable temperature, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the risk of fire caused by hot spots of the photovoltaic module is reduced; tap water (groundwater) is heated to a certain temperature for household life, so that the use of electric energy by life is reduced; the operability and cost of the cooling system are reduced; on the basis of reasonably utilizing the system energy, a control strategy for achieving reasonable temperature at the temperature of the back plate of the solar module is provided.
The key innovation point of the invention is that:
(1) The problem that the temperature rise under the irradiation of the sun influences the power generation reduction of the photovoltaic module when the photovoltaic module generates power is effectively avoided, and the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module is improved;
(2) The pressure requirement of the circulating conduit is low, a common conduit can be adopted, the system installation mode is convenient and quick, and the cost is low;
(3) The cooling bag of the photovoltaic module has elasticity, and can bear the pressure of thermal expansion and cooling of the cooling liquid in extremely cold weather, so as to avoid hidden cracks of the photovoltaic module;
(4) The energy collected by cooling the photovoltaic module is utilized, so that the use of the energy caused by heating household water is reduced, and household energy conservation is realized;
(5) The fire hazard caused by the hot spot effect of the photovoltaic module can be effectively relieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a cooling system for a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling bag of a photovoltaic module of a cooling system of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a cooling system of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the examples of the present invention, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cooling system for the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment is composed of a cooling bag for the photovoltaic module, a temperature sensor for the photovoltaic module, a control unit, an external circulation conduit, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, an external circulation cooling liquid adding device, an external circulation water pump, a heat exchange device, an internal circulation conduit, an internal circulation water pump, a water storage device and a sealed temperature sensor for the water storage device.
According to the embodiment, the photovoltaic module cooling bags are tightly attached to the photovoltaic module backboard, pipeline interfaces at the head and tail of each photovoltaic module cooling bag are connected into a string through PVC pipes, and are connected with a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, an external circulating liquid adding device, an external circulating water pump and a heat exchange unit, and finally are connected with the other end of the photovoltaic module cooling bag string, so that a closed circulating system is formed. The first valve and the second valve are arranged next to each other and are close to the outlet of the external circulation liquid adding device.
The cooling liquid with good heat conduction effect is selected according to environmental requirements, wherein the photovoltaic module cooling bag is made of silica gel with good heat conduction performance, the adding process of the cooling liquid is as follows, the second valve is closed, the first valve and the third valve are opened, the cooling liquid is added to the external circulation liquid adding device, when the cooling liquid flows through the external circulation water pump, the external circulation water pump is started, the cooling liquid fully flows into the photovoltaic module cooling bag, finally, the first valve is observed, the second valve is opened when the cooling liquid stably flows out of the first valve, the first valve and the third valve are closed, and at the moment, the external circulation cooling liquid adding process is completed.
The internal circulation system is connected with the heat exchange system through an internal circulation conduit, a sealed water storage device and an internal circulation water pump. The internal circulation system and the external circulation system are completely isolated physically, so that water in the internal circulation is prevented from being polluted, and proper cooling liquid can be selected as external circulation liquid according to specific requirements.
The control system is characterized in that a temperature sensor signal wire led out of a cooling bag of the photovoltaic module, a temperature sensor signal wire of water in the water storage device, and an outer circulating water pump and an inner circulating water pump control wire are connected to the control unit. The whole cooling system is used for controlling the work of the external circulating water pump and the internal circulating water pump by collecting the temperature of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module and the temperature of water in the sealed water storage device through the control unit.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific implementation method of the control strategy in this embodiment is as follows: the temperature Ts of the starting operation and the temperature Tp of the stopping operation of the external circulating water pump and the internal circulating water pump are set. The control unit samples the temperature Tm of the cooling side of the photovoltaic module in real time and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device. The next operation is selected by judging the water pump operation flag PSF.
If the water pump does not start to work, namely when the PSF is 0, if the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module is greater than the previously set temperature Ts for starting the water pump or the difference between the Tm and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is greater than delta T, wherein the delta T is a set value, the self-definition is set according to the external temperature difference existing in different regions of the photovoltaic module, so that the energy utilization rate is improved, and the external circulating water pump and the internal circulating water pump are started; otherwise, the controller continues to monitor the temperature Tm of the cooling bladder of the photovoltaic module.
If the water pump has started to operate, i.e. the PSF is 1, the external circulation water pump and the internal circulation water pump will be stopped if the temperature Tm of the cooling bladder of the photovoltaic module is less than the previously set temperature Ts at which the water pump stops operating and the difference between Tm and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is less than 0.5 Δt; otherwise, the controller continues to monitor the temperature Tm of the cooling bladder of the photovoltaic module.
The advantage of adopting water temperature to control the operation of pump among the water storage device in this scheme is when photovoltaic module temperature is far above the inside temperature of water storage device, starts outer circulating water pump and inner circulating water pump this moment, can further reduce the temperature of subassembly backplate, can further improve the generated energy.
Control unit strategy: when the temperature of the photovoltaic module is low, the external circulating water pump and the internal circulating water pump are not started; when the temperature of the photovoltaic module reaches a threshold value, the control unit starts the outer circulating water pump and the inner circulating water pump to work, and then energy exchange is completed through the heat exchange device. The photovoltaic module is also at the most intense moment of solar irradiation when the temperature is high, the power generated by the photovoltaic module is the greatest at this moment, but the increase of the temperature of the photovoltaic module influences the efficiency of module power generation, and at this moment, the water pump circulation is started to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module, so that a part of energy for providing efficiency can be used for the operation of the water pump, the photovoltaic module can be cooled to achieve higher power generation efficiency, the heat of the photovoltaic module can heat domestic water, and the energy required for heating the domestic water is reduced.
According to the control method of the photovoltaic module cooling system, heat exchange is carried out on energy collected by the photovoltaic module backboard and tap water (underground water), so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module backboard can be reduced to a reasonable temperature, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the risk of fire caused by hot spots of the photovoltaic module is reduced; tap water (groundwater) is heated to a certain temperature for household life, so that the use of electric energy by life is reduced; the operability and cost of the cooling system are reduced; on the basis of reasonably utilizing the system energy, a control strategy for achieving reasonable temperature at the temperature of the back plate of the solar module is provided.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The photovoltaic module cooling system is characterized by comprising a photovoltaic module cooling bag, a photovoltaic module temperature sensor, a control unit, an external circulation conduit, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, an external circulation cooling liquid adding device, an external circulation water pump, a heat exchange device, an internal circulation conduit, an internal circulation water pump, a water storage device and a sealed water storage device temperature sensor; the external circulation system is used for tightly attaching the photovoltaic module cooling bags to the photovoltaic module backboard, the head and the tail of each photovoltaic module cooling bag are connected into a string through an external circulation conduit, and the string is connected with a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, an external circulation liquid adding device, an external circulation water pump and a heat exchange unit, and finally connected with the other end of the photovoltaic module cooling bag string; the external circulation cooling liquid forms a complete circulation system; the internal circulation system is characterized in that an internal circulation conduit is connected with a sealed water storage device and an internal circulation water pump through a heat exchange system; the internal circulation system is physically completely isolated from the external circulation system; the control system is characterized in that a temperature sensor signal wire led out of a cooling bag of the photovoltaic module, a temperature sensor signal wire of water in a water storage device, an outer circulating water pump and an inner circulating water pump control wire are connected to a control unit;
the control method of the photovoltaic module cooling system comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting an outer circulation start temperature Ts and an outer circulation stop temperature Tp;
(2) Collecting the temperature Tm of a cooling bag of the photovoltaic module and the water temperature Tw of a water storage device;
(3) Judging whether the PSF of the water pump working zone bit is 0 or not;
(4) If the water pump does not start to work, namely when the PSF is 0, if the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module is greater than the previously set external circulation starting temperature Ts, or the difference between the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is greater than delta T, the external circulation water pump and the internal circulation water pump are started; otherwise, the controller continues to monitor the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module;
in the step (4), the difference between the temperature Tm of the cooling bag of the photovoltaic module and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is larger than delta T; wherein, deltaT is a set value;
if the water pump has started to operate, i.e., the PSF is 1, if the temperature Tm of the photovoltaic module cooling bladder is less than the previously set outer circulation stop temperature Tp and the difference between the photovoltaic module cooling bladder temperature Tm and the water temperature Tw in the water storage device is less than 0.5 Δt, the outer circulation water pump and the inner circulation water pump will be stopped; otherwise, the controller continues to monitor the temperature Tm of the cooling bladder of the photovoltaic module.
2. The photovoltaic module cooling system of claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic module cooling bag is made of silica gel with good heat conduction performance.
3. The photovoltaic module cooling system of claim 1, wherein: the outer circulation conduit is a PVC pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710513261.7A CN107171636B (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Photovoltaic module cooling system and control method |
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| CN201710513261.7A CN107171636B (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Photovoltaic module cooling system and control method |
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| CN107171636B true CN107171636B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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| CN113890482B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2024-05-14 | 阳光新能源开发股份有限公司 | Cooling control method and system for photovoltaic module and computer storage medium |
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2017
- 2017-06-29 CN CN201710513261.7A patent/CN107171636B/en active Active
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| JP2002052922A (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-02-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Temperature control device for vehicle |
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