CN107167409A - 3D printing point shape Single Fracture seepage flow experiment system and experimental method under Multiple experiments operating mode coupling - Google Patents
3D printing point shape Single Fracture seepage flow experiment system and experimental method under Multiple experiments operating mode coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN107167409A CN107167409A CN201710390998.4A CN201710390998A CN107167409A CN 107167409 A CN107167409 A CN 107167409A CN 201710390998 A CN201710390998 A CN 201710390998A CN 107167409 A CN107167409 A CN 107167409A
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Abstract
3D printing point shape Single Fracture seepage flow experiment system and experimental method, belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field under Multiple experiments operating mode coupling.Including water head equipment, subject device, electronic monitoring device and EGR, subject device includes hollow flow passage groove, the 3D printing physical model of coarse crack parallel-plate is provided with hollow flow passage groove, the 3D printing physical model of coarse crack parallel-plate includes the Part I and the Part II positioned at right side positioned at left side, crack is provided between Part I and Part II, and changed by adjusting screw and be provided with dismountable glass cover-plate on the width in crack between Part I and Part II, hollow flow passage groove；Electronic monitoring device includes intelligent control main frame, pressure sensing piece and the water level monitor being arranged above water tank, pressure sensing piece and water level monitor are connected with intelligent control main frame respectively, pressure sensing piece is arranged at permeable hole, for monitoring seepage flow streamflow regime, the research suitable for monolete Seepage Experiment in real time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, it is related to 3D printing point shape Single Fracture under a kind of Multiple experiments operating mode coupling
Seepage flow experiment system and experimental method.
Background technology
Most of rock mass in nature is buried in underground, and its environmental effect is complicated and changeable, and there are a large amount of occurrence
Differ, the crack that property is different, yardstick is different, and Flow In Jointed Rock Masses characteristic be always Geotechnical Engineering, Geological Engineering, mining industry and
The difficulties that the fields such as Unconventional gas exploitation engineering are paid high attention to.Single coarse crack is composition rock mass natural fissure body
The elementary cell of structure, its percolation law is the basis of Flow In Jointed Rock Masses mechanism description.In existing theory- method-technology
Under the conditions of, it is desirable to it is accurate to measure and know that fissured structure complicated inside rock mass is extremely difficult and how quantitative
It is also a great problem to characterize rock mass.
Form, roughness, aperture and connectedness of rock cranny etc. are to determine rock cranny Penetration Signature key factor.
The basic Component units of rock cranny are single cracks, therefore the basic and key of research complicated rock mass Fracture Networks percolation law
It is to build the single fracture seepage model for meeting actual fracture water flow, and its seepage characteristic is studied.Wherein, crack is coarse
Degree is the index for characterizing the degree of roughness of fissured structure surface side wall, and the characterizing method of current existing crack roughness is main
There are height of projection characterization method, Joint Roughness Coefficient JRC characterization methods and point dimension characterization method.However, more conventional joint is coarse
Coefficient JRC characterization methods are still qualitatively to describe method, can only be differentiated by naked eyes experience, pass through pair to actual joint profile
Than the regional value for obtaining a JRC, there is certain error, quantitative description can not be realized.And relative to this method, point dimension
Characterization method quantitatively portrays research of joints roughness coefficient of rock by fractal dimension D, can it is more objective and exactly characterize the coarse journey of rock cranny
Degree.And rock cranny has obvious fractal characteristic, true single crannied body can be regarded as by two fissure-planes up and down in itself
It is formed by stacking, therefore the degree of roughness on rock cranny surface can be characterized with fractal dimension D.
However, existing technology and experiment all simulation and can not verify seepage flow of the fluid in natural rock cranny very well
State, seepage flow behavior that can not be to fluid in natural rock cranny carries out good synchronous recording, it is impossible to effectively adjust crack
Slit width, roughness (fractal dimension is the token state of roughness), press water are first-class.Therefore, needing one kind badly can effectively change many
Individual variable studies the experimental system and experimental method of parallel coarse crack water seepage flow.Meanwhile, in experimentation, improve experiment
The feature of environmental protection of system and it is intelligent be also current experiment system development trend.
In recent years, 3D shapings (also referred to as 3D printing) technology shows the development trend of lasting accelerated growth, has been widely used
In fields such as industrial design manufacture, automobile, Aero-Space, medical industries.3D printing technique uses increases material manufacturing technology, this
Technology is alternatively referred to as rapid prototyping technology or superposition forming technique, refers to by superposing type manufacturing process, according to computer data,
Utilize the technology of the other materials such as plastics successively automatic printing article.With the development of 3D printing technique, 3D printing technique also by
Progressively it is applied in each Quasi-experiment study, its appearance causes quick Fabrication complex three-dimensional solid model to become a reality.Based on
The mathematical model file of generation, using materials such as metal material or photosensitive resins, under the quick-setting technical conditions of laser, by
Layer accumulation printed material, ultimately forms threedimensional solid model.Application of the existing 3D printing technique in Geotechnical Engineering, to us
There is provided by the Technology application to carry out fracture seepage experiment in enlightenment.Accordingly, it is considered to design a kind of based on the thick of 3D printing
Rough point of shape Single Fracture seepage flow experiment system and its experimental method, the single crack physical model of rock mass is applied to by 3D printing technique
In water Seepage Experiment, point shape model of fissuration with different roughness is created by 3D printing technique, single coarse crack is explored
Quantitative relationship between fractal dimension and equivalent permeability, is that the flow model in porous media experimental study of complicated crannied body lays the foundation.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome experimental facilities of the prior art simple and quick can not adjust
Coarse fracture fractal dimension, crack slit width and the first-class shortcoming of press water are saved there is provided a kind of environment-protecting intelligent and can be changed multiple
3D printing point shape Single Fracture seepage flow experiment system under Multiple experiments operating mode coupling of the variable to study parallel fracture water seepage flow
And experimental method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：3D printing point under Multiple experiments operating mode coupling
Shape Single Fracture seepage flow experiment system, including water head equipment, subject device, electronic monitoring device and EGR, head dress
Put including storage tank, storage tank sidewall bottom is connected with water-level regulator, the bottom sidewall of storage tank offers permeable hole, current
Entered by permeable hole in subject device；Subject device includes being provided with hollow flow passage groove, hollow flow passage groove slightly
The 3D printing physical model of rough Single Fracture parallel-plate, the 3D printing physical model of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate is included positioned at left side
Part I and the Part II positioned at right side, are provided with crack between Part I and Part II, hollow flow passage trough floor is left
Right both sides are separately provided for fixing the fixing threaded hole of Part I and Part II, by fixing screws by Part I with
Hollow flow passage groove is fixed as an entirety, and fixing screws are adapted with fixing threaded hole, and regulation screw is provided with Part II, adjusts
Save screw and be more than fixing threaded hole, Part II is fixed on the fixing threaded hole of hollow flow passage groove through regulation screw by adjusting screw
In, position of the adjusting screw in regulation screw is adjustable, and the is changed by adjusting position of the adjusting screw in regulation screw
The width in crack between a part and Part II, adjusting screw is adapted with regulation screw and fixing threaded hole, on hollow flow passage groove
Dismountable glass cover-plate is provided with, with replacing for the 3D printing physics mould for the coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate for realizing different fractal dimensions
Change；EGR includes water leg, and water leg two ends are connected with hollow flow passage groove end and inlet respectively, inlet and water tank
It is connected, in addition to the header tank being connected with the water-level regulator other end, the water in water tank is focused on by header tank by communicating pipe
In, header tank is connected by suction pump with aqueduct, and aqueduct is connected with storage tank again；Electronic monitoring device includes intelligent control
Main frame, pressure sensing piece and the water level monitor being arranged above water tank, pressure sensing piece and water level monitor respectively with intelligence
Regulate and control main frame to be connected, pressure sensing piece is arranged at permeable hole, for monitoring seepage flow streamflow regime in real time.
Further, storage tank sidewalls vertical is provided with graduated scale, and hollow flow passage groove is rectangular hollow flow path groove, first
Part and Part II are that two mat surfaces generated by fractal function are constituted, by the variable point for changing fractal function
Tie up the model that D obtains different roughness.
Specifically, being provided with control valve on communicating pipe, control valve is connected with intelligent control main frame, works as water level monitor
When monitoring that water level reaches preset water level, intelligent control main frame is transmitted a signal to, intelligent control main frame triggering control valve is beaten
Open, carry out corresponding operating.
Further, control valve is provided with communicating pipe, intelligent control main frame also includes warning device and for showing
Seepage flow water and the display screen for permeating water velocity, when water level monitor monitors that water level reaches preset water level, signal is passed
Intelligent control main frame is defeated by, intelligent control main frame triggering warning device sends alarm.
Specifically, the curve of the 3D printing physical model of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate is to program to obtain based on fractal function,
It is built-up using 3D printing technique progress, and the mould plate of different point shape values has different roughness.
It is preferred that, water leg is that water leg is shunk in taper, and big opening end and the hollow flow passage groove end of water leg are shunk in taper
It is connected, its osculum end is connected with inlet.
The present invention solves another technical scheme for being used of its technical problem：Multiple experiments operating mode based on said system
3D printing point shape Single Fracture Seepage Experiment method, comprises the following steps under coupling：
A. the coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physical model of certain fractal dimension is chosen, and controls Part I and second
Partial gap width is default gap width, installs and fixes coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physical model, and sets up and be
Other devices of system；
B. water head equipment is adjusted so that the water level of storage tank reaches preset water level；
C. the length L and width B of water tank, when water seepage state tends towards stability in coarse crack, intelligent control master are recorded
The water level that machine controlling water level monitor monitors in water tank this moment is h1, timing is started simultaneously at, the time to be measured is after t, water level supervises
Survey device and monitor the water level in water tank this moment for h2, record surveys experimental data, and then calculates in time t by coarse crack
Seepage flow water is Q, Q=L*B* (h2-h1)；
D. repeat to enter step B, after N group data are tested, N is positive integer, into step E；
E. the coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physical model of different fractal dimensions is changed, and controls Part I and second
Partial gap width is another different default gap width, and repeat step B records different fractal dimensions, slit width to D
Degree, the experimental data of head, until completing to make a reservation for after the experiment of group number different roughness condition, close water valve, terminate experiment, base
In obtained experimental data, and related Seepage Experiment data analysing method is combined, the seepage flow that analysis obtains single coarse crack is special
Property, and the influence of head, crack degree of roughness and Fracture Width to crack seepage characteristic.
, in the height of preset water level value, then pass through specifically, step B is specially first rough controlling water level adjuster control
Suction pump from aqueduct in header tank from water is injected into storage tank, and regulation draws water pump power size to control injection flow big
Small, after the water level in storage tank reaches stabilization, then fine tuning water-level regulator causes the water level in storage tank to reach preset water level.
Specifically, when the criterion that water seepage state tends towards stability in coarse crack is that pressure sensing piece is passed in step C
The actual measurement difference delivered in intelligent control main frame certain time is in certain threshold range.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Simple in construction, device volume is small, and the water requirement in experimentation is small, and can follow
Ring is utilized, and is saved water and energy；Easy to use, it is easy to operate, experiment multiplicity is higher, by the 3D for changing coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate
Physical model is printed, is capable of the complicated form in more preferable simulation natural rock body crack, 3D printing technique accurately controls parallel
The roughness and fractal dimension of plate Single Fracture, can change fracture width by screw, can quickly and easily control Water in Water Tank
Position, and by controlling water head equipment to adjust water level, so as to carry out the seepage flow examination of different fractal dimensions, different slit widths and different heads
Test；And in real time and accurately Monitoring Data and experimental result can be shown using electronic monitoring device, experiment can be precisely controlled
Operation, is easy to analyze experimental data, improves the intellectuality of system；Meanwhile, the correlation theories knowledge pair based on fracture seepage rule
Obtained experimental data is handled and analyzed, and realizes the single coarse fracture seepage characteristic of desk study and crack fractal dimension, press water
Relation between head and crack slit width, discloses coarse point of shape crack in different pressures head, different crack slit widths and different points of shapes
Seepage state and choked flow mechanism under dimension, are that complicated crannied body percolation law research lays the foundation, test effect is good, effectively carries
High test efficiency.The present invention is applied to the research of coarse monolete Seepage Experiment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the water head equipment with subject device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is top view of the water head equipment with subject device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of example of the 3D printing physical model of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate in the present invention；
Wherein, 1 is storage tank, and 2 be water-level regulator, and 3 be graduated scale, and 4 be rectangular hollow flow path groove, and 4-1 is coarse
The 3D printing physical model of Single Fracture parallel-plate, 4-1-1 is Part I, and 4-1-2 is Part II, and 4-1-3 is circular port,
4-1-4 is bar hole, and 4-2 is lucite cover plate, and 5 be that water leg is shunk in taper, and 6 be inlet, and 7 be intelligent control main frame,
8 be pressure sensing piece, and 9 be water level monitor, and 10 be header tank, and 11 be suction pump, and 12 be aqueduct, and 13 be water tank, and 14 be company
Siphunculus, 15 be control valve, and 16 be base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme is described in detail.
As Figure 1-3, experimental system of the invention include water head equipment, subject device, electronic monitoring device and
EGR.Water head equipment includes storage tank 1, and the sidewalls vertical of storage tank 1 is provided with graduated scale 3 so as to observational record water level, storage
The sidewall bottom of water tank 1 is connected with one end of water-level regulator 2, based on law of connected vessels, regulates and controls the water level value inside water tank.Water level
Adjuster 2 can use common perspex pipe, and its diameter can be selected flexibly, it is contemplated that be easy to laboratory operation, excellent
Elect 10mm as.The sidewall bottom of storage tank 1 or bottom offer permeable hole, and current enter subject device by permeable hole
In hollow flow path groove.
Subject device includes hollow flow passage groove, and hollow flow passage groove can be arbitrary shape, due to rectangle structure
Simply, the installation of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate 3D printing physical model is also allowed for, therefore limited selection rectangular hollow runner 4.It is empty
The 3D printing physical model 4-1 of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate, the 3D printing of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate are provided with heart flow path groove
Physical model 4-1 curve is to program to obtain based on fractal function, built-up using 3D printing technique progress, and different points of shapes
The mould plate of value has different roughness.The 3D printing physical model 4-1 of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate is included positioned at left side
The Part I 4-1-1 and Part II 4-1-2 positioned at right side, is provided with crack, first between Part I and Part II
It is divided to and Part II is that two mat surfaces generated by fractal function are constituted, but point dimension between the different coarse cracks of group
It is different.The 3D printing physical model of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate and hollow flow passage groove are fixed as an entirety, can be had a variety of
Fixing means, such as by the Part I and Part II of the 3D printing physical model of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate respectively with hollow stream
Road groove left and right sidewall is mutually fixed, or by the Part I and hollow flow passage of the 3D printing physical model of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate
Trough floor is fixedly connected, and Part II is flexibly connected with hollow flow passage trough floor.Specifically, the former fixed form is sky
Heart flow path groove left and right sidewall is separately provided for fixing the fixing threaded hole of Part I and Part II, Part I and second
It is also equipped with adjusting screw on part, fixing threaded hole is adapted with adjusting screw, by screw by Part I and Part II
It is separately fixed in hollow flow passage groove left and right sidewall, and changes by adjusting screw crack between Part I and Part II
Width.Specifically, a part in Part I and Part II can be set to fix nonadjustable, another part
The position adjustments spacing that can be fixed by adjusting screw is set to, changes coarse Fracture Width；First can also be adjusted simultaneously
Part and Part II.By adjusting screw, the coarse monolete under the conditions of different roughness and crack width is studied with this
Percolation law；In order to strengthen fixed force, the number of the fixing threaded hole of hollow flow passage groove left and right sidewall respectively with Part I and
The number that screw is adjusted on Part II is corresponded.The fixed form of the latter is：Distinguish the hollow flow passage trough floor left and right sides
The fixing threaded hole for fixing Part I and Part II is provided with, by fixing screws by Part I and hollow flow passage groove
An entirety is fixed as, fixing screws are adapted with fixing threaded hole, regulation screw is provided with Part II, regulation screw is more than
Part II is fixed in the fixing threaded hole of hollow flow passage groove by fixing threaded hole, adjusting screw through regulation screw, adjusting screw
Position in regulation screw is adjustable, and Part I and second are changed by adjusting position of the adjusting screw in regulation screw
The width in crack between part, adjusting screw is adapted with regulation screw and fixing threaded hole.For example, fixing threaded hole is circular port 4-1-
3, regulation screw is bar hole 4-1-4, can realize that crack is wide by the way that adjusting screw to be placed on to the diverse location of bar hole
The regulation of degree.
Dismountable glass cover-plate, preferably lucite cover plate 4-2, because its is removable are provided with hollow flow passage groove
Unload, therefore be easily achieved the replacement of the 3D printing physical model of the coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate of different fractal dimension values, when needing to change
During model, directly open and dismantle lower lucite cover plate 4-2, complete after model replacing, then install lucite cover plate 4-2
.
EGR includes taper and shrinks water leg 5, and the big opening end and hollow flow passage groove end phase of water leg 5 are shunk in taper
Even, taper contraction section plays convergence seepage flow current, and its osculum end is connected with inlet 6, is easy to experiment to catchment, inlet 6 and water tank
13 are connected, and water tank 13 collects the current by coarse crack.Discharge outlet is provided with below the bottom of water tank 13 or side wall,
Also include header tank 10, there is water inlet on header tank 10, the height of discharge outlet is higher than water inlet, communicating pipe 14 two ends respectively with row
The mouth of a river and water inlet are connected, so that the water in water tank 13 flows into header tank 10；Header tank 10 also with water-level regulator other end phase
Even so that the current that experimentation overflows from water-level regulator are flowed into header tank 10.Control valve is provided with communicating pipe 14
Door 15, opens control valve 15 and enters the water in water tank 13 in header tank 10 by communicating pipe 14 after the completion of experiment.Header tank
10 are connected by suction pump 11 with aqueduct 12, and aqueduct 12 is connected with storage tank 1 again, by the water in header tank 10 by drawing water
Pump 11 gives power, is imported by aqueduct 12 in storage tank 1, and the water circulation in system is realized with this.It can be adjusted by suction pump 11
Power size of drawing water is saved, so as to test the control to water guide in-pipe flow size.Current in whole system can pass through water circulation
Device realizes recycling for water resource, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Electronic monitoring device includes intelligent control main frame 7, pressure sensing piece 8 and is arranged at the water level monitoring of the top of water tank 13
Device 9, pressure sensing piece 8 and water level monitor 9 are connected with intelligent control main frame 7 respectively, and pressure sensing piece 8 is arranged at permeable hole
Place, for monitoring seepage flow streamflow regime in real time, water level monitor 9 is made up of infrared probe, for monitoring the water in water tank 13
Position.Electronic measuring device realizes the real-time display of experimental data by electronic display unit and the combination of processing computing element
And accurate measurement.Intelligent control main frame 7 also includes warning device and for showing seepage flow water and permeating the display of water velocity
Screen, when water level monitor 9 monitors that water level reaches preset water level, transmits a signal to intelligent control main frame 7, intelligent control master
The triggering warning device of machine 7 sends alarm, reminds staff to open control valve, collects current, prevents aqueous reflux from returning rectangle
Hollow flow passage groove.Or, control valve 15 is connected with intelligent control main frame 7, and when water level monitor 9, to monitor that water level reaches default
During water level, intelligent control main frame 7 is transmitted a signal to, the triggering control valve of intelligent control main frame 7 is opened, and carries out corresponding operating.
Each component working of electronic monitoring device is as follows：After after stable level, pass through pressure sensing piece real time reaction seepage flow
Streamflow regime, when the actual measurement difference that pressure sensing piece was sent to before and after intelligent control main frame in certain time is no more than certain threshold value
When, when such as 5s actual measurement difference is no more than ± 0.05Mpa, illustrate that water seepage state tends towards stability in coarse crack, this moment intelligence
Regulate and control host computer control water level monitor and the water level in water tank 13 this moment is surveyed for h by infrared probe1(mm), while intelligence is adjusted
Control main frame starts timing, and is shown in intelligent control host display time fences, after the time to be measured is t (s), water level monitoring
The water level that device surveys in water tank this moment by infrared probe is h2(mm), and then calculate in time t (s) by coarse crack
Seepage flow water be Q (mm3), and be shown in intelligent control host display flow column.
Considered based on cost and quality, and be easy to operating personnel to observe current and water level, storage tank, water tank, rectangle are empty
Heart flow path groove, taper shrink water leg, collector pipe, header tank, aqueduct, communicating pipe and glass cover-plate material using transparent
Pmma material.
In specific experiment, the 3D printing physical model 4-1 of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate use can solid-state liquefaction
Photosensitive resin material, size is 70mm*200mm*10mm.The size of storage tank 1 is 100mm*80mm*300mm, header tank 10
Size is 200mm*150mm*200mm, and the size of water tank 13 is 100mm*100mm*150mm.
For Protection system, base 16 is additionally provided with thereunder.
The system can be based on control variate method, study shadow of the change to coarse monolete seepage characteristic of different variables
Ring.The fractal dimension value, regulation Fracture Width and pressure head in coarse crack can be changed, coarse monolete Seepage Experiment is can be applied to
Research.
The present invention can carry out the single coarse crack of different heads, Fracture Width and roughness based on above-mentioned experimental system
Seepage Experiment, specific experiment process is divided into three parts：Single coarse model of fissuration is built, single coarse fracture seepage experiment
Development, the data processing and inversion of Seepage Experiment.
1. single coarse model of fissuration is built
A. fractal function Weierstrass-Mandelbrot functions are used, with reference to MATLAB programming softwares, generation is different
Roughness fractal curve, and based on this curve utilize the single coarse crack of CATIA software buildings 3D printing model；Should
Model is imported in the Pro3D printing devices of Object 30 with the form of stl file, obtains the 3D printing in single coarse crack.
According to a kind of expression-form of the Feder and Mandelbrot Weierstrass functions proposed：
In formulaFor any phase angle；Parameter b is greater than 1 real number, and reflection curve deviates the degree of straight line；Fractal dimension D
∈ (1,2).Take function W(t)Real part as a point shape control function obtain C(t)：
Function C(t)Be an everywhere continuous, non-differentiability, dimension be D fractal curve.
Fractal function can successfully realize the fractal curve that different roughness is constructed by changing fractal dimension D, so as to obtain
Take the 3D printing point shape Single Fracture parallel plate model of different roughness.3D printing technique can succeed quick Fabrication high-precision three-dimensional
Solid model.By the change to fractal function variables D, the structure of different roughness crack physical model is realized.In coarse list
Screw is opened up on the parallel-plate 3D printing physical model of crack, the position fixed by adjusting screw changes coarse Fracture Width, with
This studies the percolation law of the coarse monolete under the conditions of different roughness and crack width.
2. the development of single coarse fracture seepage experiment：
(1) structure of experimental provision is completed
Choose respectively fractal dimension be 1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6 and 1.8 5 groups of coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physics moulds
Type, and control coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physical model Part I and second gap width be respectively 2mm, 4mm,
6mm and 8mm, is fixed and is installed in rectangular hollow runner, and screws down, and completes the structure of experimental provision.Can be with
According to requirement of experiment, the physical model or gap width of different groups of numbers of setting.
(2) head is adjusted
Based on law of connected vessels, first rough controlling water level adjuster control is setting the height of water level value, then by taking out
Water pump adjusts pump power size of drawing water and controls injection flow big with this from water is injected into storage tank from aqueduct in header tank
Small, after the water level in storage tank reaches stabilization, then fine tuning water-level regulator makes the water level in storage tank reach setting water level value.
Pressure head can so be changed.
(3) experimental implementation is carried out
Complete after head water level regulation, open electronic monitoring device, open menu bar, input the planar dimension of water tank, i.e.,
The long L (mm) and width B (mm) of water tank.When the actual measurement difference that pressure sensing piece is sent to before and after intelligent control main frame in 5s is no more than
During ± 0.05Mpa, illustrate that water seepage state tends towards stability in coarse crack, this moment intelligent control host computer control water level monitor
It is h that the water level in water tank this moment is surveyed by infrared probe1(mm), while intelligent control main frame starts timing, and it is shown in
In intelligent control main frame screen time column, the time to be measured is after t (s), water level monitor is surveyed this moment by infrared probe
Water level in water tank is h2, and then to calculate in time t (s) by the seepage flow water in coarse crack be Q (mm (mm)3), and show
In in intelligent control main frame screen flow column, so far experimental data measurement is finished.Then record surveys experimental data, and closing is drawn water
Pump, opening control valve makes water be back to through communicating pipe in header tank.Above experimental implementation is repeated, 5 groups of experimental analysis institutes are obtained
Data are needed, the head condition of 5 groups of data is different.Wherein, intelligent control Framework computing seepage flow current Q principle is：
Q=L × B × (h2-h1)
In formula, L is water tank length (mm), and B is water tank width (mm), h1Water tank initial water during to start to collect seepage flow flow
Position (mm), h2To terminate water tank measured water level (mm) during seepage flow flow collection after t (s).
3. the data processing and inversion of Seepage Experiment：
Based on obtained experimental data, and combine related Seepage Experiment data analysing method, analysis obtains single coarse split
The seepage characteristic of gap, and the influence of head, crack degree of roughness and Fracture Width to crack seepage characteristic.
It is so designed that, head, Fracture Width and crack degree of roughness are variable, that is, embody the coupling of multiple operating mode
Effect.
Claims (9)
1. 3D printing point shape Single Fracture seepage flow experiment system under Multiple experiments operating mode coupling, it is characterised in that including head
Device, subject device, electronic monitoring device and EGR,
Water head equipment includes storage tank (1), and storage tank (1) sidewall bottom is connected with water-level regulator (2), the side of storage tank (1)
Wall bottom offers permeable hole, and current are entered in subject device by permeable hole；
Subject device includes the 3D printing physics that coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate is provided with hollow flow passage groove, hollow flow passage groove
Model (4-1), the 3D printing physical model (4-1) of coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate is included positioned at the Part I in left side and positioned at the right side
The Part II of side, is provided with crack, the hollow flow passage trough floor left and right sides is respectively arranged between Part I and Part II
Part I, is fixed as by the fixing threaded hole for fixing Part I and Part II by fixing screws with hollow flow passage groove
One entirety, fixing screws are adapted with fixing threaded hole, and regulation screw is provided with Part II, and regulation screw is more than fixed spiral shell
Part II is fixed in the fixing threaded hole of hollow flow passage groove by hole, adjusting screw through regulation screw, and adjusting screw is in regulation
Position in screw is adjustable, is changed by adjusting position of the adjusting screw in regulation screw between Part I and Part II
The width in crack, adjusting screw is adapted with regulation screw and fixing threaded hole, and dismountable glass is provided with hollow flow passage groove
Cover plate, with the replacement of the 3D printing physics mould of the coarse Single Fracture parallel-plate of realizing different fractal dimensions；
EGR includes water leg, and water leg two ends are connected with hollow flow passage groove end and inlet (6) respectively, inlet
(6) it is connected with water tank (13), in addition to the header tank (10) being connected with the water-level regulator other end, by communicating pipe (14) by water
Water in case (13) is focused in header tank (10), and header tank (10) is connected by suction pump (11) with aqueduct (12), water guide
Manage (12) and be connected with storage tank (1)；
Electronic monitoring device includes intelligent control main frame (7), pressure sensing piece (8) and the water level being arranged above water tank (13) prison
Device (9) is surveyed, pressure sensing piece (8) and water level monitor (9) are connected with intelligent control main frame (7) respectively, and pressure sensing piece (8) is set
It is placed at permeable hole, for monitoring seepage flow streamflow regime in real time.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that storage tank (1) sidewalls vertical is provided with graduated scale (3), described
Hollow flow passage groove is rectangular hollow flow path groove (4), and Part I and Part II are two generated by fractal function
Mat surface composition, the model of different roughness is obtained by changing the variable point dimension D of fractal function.
3. system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that control valve (15) is provided with communicating pipe (14), control
Valve (15) is connected with intelligent control main frame (7), when water level monitor (9) monitors that water level reaches preset water level, by signal
Intelligent control main frame (7) is transferred to, intelligent control main frame (7) triggering control valve is opened, and carries out corresponding operating.
4. system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that control valve (15) is provided with communicating pipe (14), intelligence
Regulation and control main frame (7) also includes warning device and for showing seepage flow water and permeating the display screen of water velocity, works as water level monitoring
When device (9) monitors that water level reaches preset water level, intelligent control main frame (7), intelligent control main frame (7) triggering are transmitted a signal to
Warning device sends alarm.
5. the system as described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the 3D printing physical model of coarse crack parallel-plate
The curve of (4-1) is to program to obtain based on fractal function, built-up using 3D printing technique progress, and different fractal dimensions
Mould plate has different roughness.
6. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that water leg is that water leg (5) is shunk in taper, and taper is shunk and catchmented
The big opening end of groove (5) is connected with hollow flow passage groove end, and its osculum end is connected with inlet (6).
7. 3D printing point shape Single Fracture seepage flow under the Multiple experiments operating mode coupling as described in claim 1 to 6 any one
The experimental method of experimental system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. the coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physical model of certain fractal dimension is chosen, and controls Part I and Part II
Gap width be default gap width, install and fix coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physical model, and set up system
Other devices；
B. water head equipment is adjusted so that the water level of storage tank reaches preset water level；
C. the length L and width B of water tank, when water seepage state tends towards stability in coarse crack, intelligent control main frame control are recorded
The water level that water level monitor processed monitors in water tank this moment is h1, start simultaneously at timing, after the time to be measured is t, water level monitor
It is h to monitor the water level in water tank this moment2, record surveys experimental data, and then calculates the seepage flow in time t by coarse crack
Water is Q, Q=L × B × (h2-h1)；
D. repeat to enter step B, after N group data are tested, N is positive integer, into step E；
E. the coarse crack parallel-plate 3D printing physical model of different fractal dimensions is changed, and controls Part I and Part II
Gap width be another different default gap width, repeat step B records different fractal dimensions, gap width, water to D
The experimental data of head, until completing to make a reservation for after the experiment of group number different roughness condition, closes water valve, terminates experiment, based on institute
Experimental data is obtained, and combines related Seepage Experiment data analysing method, analysis obtains the seepage characteristic in single coarse crack, with
And the influence of head, crack degree of roughness and Fracture Width to crack seepage characteristic.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that step B is specially that first rough controlling water level adjuster control exists
The height of preset water level value, is then treated in storage tank by suction pump from water is injected into storage tank from aqueduct in header tank
Water level reach it is stable after, then fine tuning water-level regulator causes the water level in storage tank to reach preset water level.
9. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step C when in coarse crack water seepage state tend towards stability
Criterion be the actual measurement difference that is sent in intelligent control main frame certain time of pressure sensing piece in certain threshold range.
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