CN107165120B - Wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution method and device - Google Patents

Wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107165120B
CN107165120B CN201710575729.5A CN201710575729A CN107165120B CN 107165120 B CN107165120 B CN 107165120B CN 201710575729 A CN201710575729 A CN 201710575729A CN 107165120 B CN107165120 B CN 107165120B
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reservoir
sediment
water
array
cylinder
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CN107165120A (en
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龚家国
赵勇
蒋洁
王英
冶运涛
尚毅梓
石彬
翟正丽
杨苗
牛晨
高子旭
赵新凯
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/02Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
    • E02B3/023Removing sediments
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution method and device, comprising the following steps: a frame for an agitating array anchored or floating on a water surface, said frame having a plurality of agitating units thereon, said agitating units comprising: the float can do relative motion with the frame, the float pass through the piston connection in the actuating cylinder of connecting rod and fixing on the frame, each actuating cylinder passes through the pipeline and is connected with two check valves at least, the pipeline that the check valve is connected at least and is connected one export that can drive silt flow. According to the invention, the floating body array is arranged at the position of the reservoir where sediment is easy to deposit, and the floating body is connected with the stirring body array at the bottom of the water, so that any artificial power is not used, the driving cylinder is driven to compress the gas by utilizing wave energy to form jet flow, and sediment deposited at the bottom of the reservoir is promoted to be flooded by the jet flow and is washed away by water flow. Because no artificial power is used, a large amount of energy can be saved.

Description

Wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution method and device, in particular to a hydraulic method and device, which are a method and device for interfering sediment deposited at the bottom of deeper flowing water bodies such as a reservoir by utilizing natural forces such as wave energy and the like so as to enable the sediment to flow along the water flow.
Background
Sediment deposition in reservoirs is a problem that has arisen since the beginning of the construction of reservoirs by humans. After the dam is repaired on the river and the reservoir is built, the reservoir area is high in water level, the water level ratio is reduced, the flow speed is reduced, the sand carrying capacity of water flow is obviously reduced, and most of the sand is promoted to be deposited in the reservoir. The result of the method is that the effective storage capacity of the reservoir is reduced, the benefit and flood control capability are reduced, the service life of the reservoir is even threatened, the safe operation is realized, the reservoir siltation causes the upper extension of the end of the backwater, the submerged area is enlarged, the upstream towns, industrial and mining areas and traffic safety are threatened, the sediment siltation at the end of the backwater can also affect shipping, a large amount of sediment siltation in a storage area can cause harmful substances to be deposited at the bottom of the reservoir to pollute the reservoir and the surrounding environment, and the spawning areas of fishes can be silted up to influence the fish reproduction. Reservoir sediment problems are a common problem worldwide, and therefore, constructing reservoirs on such sandy rivers necessarily creates sediment problems. The traditional method for removing the sediment in the reservoir is to excavate the reservoir by using large-scale mechanical equipment, but the method takes a great deal of manpower and material resources. Therefore, if it is possible to find a solution that does not use human force, but intervenes on the portion of the bottom of the reservoir where sediment is easily deposited by natural force, and eliminates or prevents the deposition of sediment, it is necessary to provide a new solution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution method and device. The method utilizes the fluctuation energy of the water surface to stir the water flow at the bottom of the reservoir, thereby changing the silt flushing characteristic of the designated position at the bottom of the reservoir and removing silt deposited in the reservoir area.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: a wave energy driven method for redistributing reservoir sediment, said method comprising the steps of:
determining reservoir locations that prevent or require removal of the sludge;
an agitation array disposed in the water at selected reservoir locations;
a plurality of floaters floating on the water surface are arranged in the stirring array, and each floater floating on the water surface moves relatively to the whole stirring array along with the fluctuation of the water surface;
each float drives a respective driving cylinder to drive gas to stir water flow at the bottom of the reservoir;
the stirred water flow stirs the sediment at the bottom of the reservoir;
the sediment stirred by the stirring array flows away along with natural water flow.
Further, the relative motion of the floats and the whole stirring array is up-and-down motion or left-and-right motion or back-and-forth motion along with the fluctuation of the water surface.
Further, the driven gas absorbs sediment at the bottom of the reservoir to an upper water body with a larger flow speed through the water absorption effect, and flows away along with natural water flow.
A wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution device for implementing the above method, comprising: a frame for an agitating array anchored or floating on a water surface, said frame having a plurality of agitating units thereon, said agitating units comprising: the float can do relative motion with the frame, the float pass through the piston connection in the actuating cylinder of connecting rod and fixing on the frame, each actuating cylinder passes through the pipeline and is connected with two check valves at least, the pipeline that the check valve is connected at least and is connected one export that can drive silt flow.
Further, the driving cylinder is a swinging cylinder or a linear motion cylinder.
Further, the driving cylinder is connected with four check valves, wherein two check valves are connected with the suction pipe, and two check valves are connected with the discharge pipe.
Further, the inlet of the suction pipe is arranged in the air.
Further, the outlet of the discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the warehouse.
Further, the outlet of the discharge pipe is arranged in the middle of a vertical pipe extending from the bottom of the reservoir to the upper water body.
Further, the outlet of the discharge pipe is provided with a branch pipe, and the outlet of the branch pipe is arranged at the bottom of the warehouse.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the floating body array is arranged at the position of the reservoir where sediment is easy to deposit, and the floating body is connected with the stirring body array at the bottom of the water, so that any artificial power is not used, the driving cylinder is driven to compress the gas by utilizing wave energy to form jet flow, and sediment deposited at the bottom of the reservoir is promoted to be flooded by the jet flow and is washed away by water flow. Because no artificial power is used, a large amount of energy can be saved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of a device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of a device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, shown in an enlarged view in the direction A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cylinder rod of a fifth embodiment of the invention, which is a horizontal linear motion cylinder;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cylinder rod of a fifth embodiment of the invention, which is a tilt cylinder;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of installation of a swing cylinder when the middle position of the swing rod is horizontal according to the fifth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of installation of a swing cylinder when the middle position of the swing rod is vertical according to the fifth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of installation of a swing cylinder when the middle position of the swing rod is inclined according to the fifth embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of sediment adsorption using a riser according to a ninth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a discharge pipe with a branch pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiment one:
this embodiment is a method of re-distributing the pool sediment of wave energy driven water. The basic idea of this embodiment is: the wave on water surface is used to drive the float to float up and down or shake transversely, the generated power drives a piston to move in the cylinder, the gas is compressed by the movement of the piston to drive the gas to move, and the driven gas is used to stir the settled sediment, so that the sediment flows away along with natural water flow, and even the sediment is avoided being cleared.
The method comprises the following steps:
(one) determining reservoir locations that prevent or require removal of the sludge. And searching the position of the deposited sediment with the determined flow direction in the reservoir to determine the position where the sediment in the reservoir needs to be removed. Sediment in reservoirs usually accumulates at the point where the water flow changes from torrent to sluggish, i.e. from a river channel into the reservoir volume, where the water flow suddenly sluggish and sediment is very prone to deposit.
And (II) an agitation array disposed in the water at selected reservoir locations. The stirring array is an array formed by arranging a plurality of stirring bodies in a longitudinal and transverse mode, and the stirring array uses rigid materials such as metal pipes or metal profiles to fixedly connect the stirring bodies together. The stirring array can be completely fixed at the bottom of a warehouse or on the bank by using a rigid material so as to avoid any displacement of the stirring array along with waves, and can also be fixed on a floating body with larger wind wave resistance capacity, so long as the relative movement of the floats along with the waves and the whole stirring array can be ensured.
The stirring array is internally provided with a plurality of floaters floating on the water surface, and each floater floating on the water surface moves relative to the whole stirring array along with the fluctuation of the water surface. The key point of the arrangement of the floats is that the floats can generate relative displacement with the whole stirring array, namely, in stormy waves, the stirring array can generate certain displacement along with the stormy waves, or float up and down or shake left and right, but the mass of the floats is far smaller than that of the whole stirring array, so that the floats can generate unsynchronized movement of the whole stirring array in the stormy waves, and the relative movement of the floats and the whole stirring array can generate certain energy, so that sediment is promoted to flow by utilizing the energy, and the sediment is avoided.
And (IV) each floater drives a respective driving cylinder to drive liquid or gas to stir water flow at the bottom of the reservoir. How to use the energy generated by the relative motion between the float and the entire agitation array to generate the power to drive the water flow is critical to this embodiment.
The embodiment adopts a driving cylinder with pistons, and utilizes the relative movement of a floater and the driving cylinder fixed on an agitating array up and down or left and right or front and back to drive the pistons in the cylinder body to move up and down or left and right or front and back, so that two cavities of the cylinder body at two sides of the piston are continuously changed to generate changed pressure, and the changed pressure in the two cavities is output through a pipeline, thus driving energy can be generated. If the two chambers are filled with gas, a jet of gas may be generated, and if the two chambers are filled with liquid, a jet of liquid is generated. The gas or liquid jet can be directly guided to the position where sediment is easy to accumulate at the bottom of the reservoir through a pipeline, and the accumulated sediment is blown off, so that the sediment is removed by natural water flow. In some reservoir bottoms with smaller water flow movement, the vertical pipe can be used for converting jet flow into water flow with adsorption effect, sediment deposited on the reservoir bottoms is pumped to the position of a water layer with larger flow speed through the adsorption effect, and the water flow takes away the sediment.
And fifthly, stirring the sediment at the bottom of the reservoir by the stirred water flow. As described above, the sediment at the bottom of the reservoir with larger water flow energy can be directly blown to blow the sediment, the sediment is taken away by the water flow, and the sediment at the bottom of the reservoir can be pumped to a position close to the position with larger water flow velocity by utilizing the adsorption effect generated by the vertical pipe under the condition of larger water depth and smaller water flow velocity of the reservoir, so that the sediment flows away along with the water.
And sixthly, the sediment stirred by the stirring array flows away along with natural water flow. In the place of shallow water depth, the water flow velocity of the water bottom is larger, and when the water depth is deeper, the water flow velocity of the water bottom is smaller, so that sediment needs to be driven to a position close to the water surface, and the sediment can be taken away by natural water flow.
Embodiment two:
this embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment and is a refinement of the first embodiment with respect to the movement of the float. The movement of the float described in this embodiment is up-and-down movement or left-and-right movement or back-and-forth movement that fluctuates with the water surface.
The motion of a wave is complex, a three-dimensional motion, but in most cases the wave tends to produce large fluctuations in only one direction, and small fluctuations in the other two directions, such as: in some cases, the fluctuation is only strong in the up-down fluctuation (longitudinal wave), while the fluctuation in the front-back or left-right (transverse wave) is weak, or the fluctuation in the front-back or left-right is strong in the up-down fluctuation. In view of this, the movement of the float in the wave may likewise be a very complex three-dimensional movement, but due to the mechanical limitations it is difficult to make a three-dimensional movement of the cylinder, even a two-dimensional movement is not necessary, and therefore it is sufficient to only draw energy in one direction.
Embodiment III:
this embodiment is a modification of the above embodiment, which is a modification of the above embodiment with respect to jet applications. The driven gas (jet) in this embodiment sucks the sediment at the bottom of the reservoir to the upper water body with a larger flow velocity by the water absorption effect, and flows away with natural water flow.
Converting the jet into a water absorbing effect, generating an adsorption force to draw sediment from the bottom of the reservoir, risers, or similar facilities may be used. The middle position of the vertical pipe is provided with a manifold for introducing jet flow, the outlet of the manifold faces the upper opening of the vertical pipe, the jet flow can promote the liquid in the vertical pipe to flow upwards, and an adsorption effect can be generated at the lower end of the vertical pipe to adsorb sediment at the bottom of the reservoir.
Embodiment four:
this embodiment is a wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution device for implementing the above method, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The embodiment comprises the following steps: a frame 1 for an agitating array anchored or floating on the water surface, said frame being provided with a plurality of agitating units 2 comprising: a float 201 capable of relative movement with the frame, said float being connected by means of a connecting rod 202 to a piston 204 in a driving cylinder 203 fixed to the frame, each of said driving cylinders being connected by means of a pipe 205 to at least two non-return valves 206, the pipe to which said non-return valves are connected being connected to at least one outlet 207 capable of driving sediment flow, see figure 2.
The agitation array according to this embodiment may be formed by connecting metal pipes or metal profiles in a longitudinal and transverse direction, connecting frames on a horizontal plane, and providing facilities such as floats and driving cylinders at intersections of the longitudinal and transverse directions. The frame can be directly fixed at the bottom of a reservoir or the bank of a reservoir in an anchoring manner, and also can be fixed on a floater floating on the water surface of a ship or the like, provided that the fluctuation of the whole stirring array cannot be synchronized with the fluctuation of the floater. The frame is anchored at the bottom of the storehouse, can adopt the rope of adjustable length, and the distal end of rope pulls the frame, and the other end is tied on heavy object (anchor), puts the heavy object at the bottom of the storehouse, adjusts the length of rope, makes the float of stirring unit can follow the wave and reciprocate or control the motion can, and the length of adjusting rope mainly is in order to adapt to different depths of water.
The agitating unit is a relatively independent facility, and there is no direct relationship between the individual units, each producing an agitating water stream or air stream. The principle of stirring is: the piston in the driving cylinder is driven to do linear motion or rotary motion by the motion of the floater along with the wave, so that the space (cavity) at two sides of the piston is changed to generate pressure or suction, and the driving gas (air) or liquid (water) generates jet flow for driving sediment.
The float adopts a hollow structure and is large enough to drive the piston to move.
The driving cylinder may be a linear motion cylinder or a swinging cylinder. The linear motion cylinder can be vertically placed or horizontally placed.
The check valve can be arranged in two or four ways to enable liquid or gas in one or two cavities to form unidirectional movement.
Fifth embodiment:
the present embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment, and is a refinement of the fourth embodiment with respect to the drive cylinder. The driving cylinder described in this embodiment is a swing cylinder or a linear motion cylinder.
Whether it is a linear motion cylinder or a swinging cylinder, the manner of installation is closely related to the direction of the field fluctuation. To obtain maximum energy, it should be analyzed whether the direction of the wave in the installation site is primarily longitudinal or transverse, or a combination of wave fluctuations, i.e. the direction of the wave is oblique.
When using a linear motion cylinder, if the on-site wave direction is mainly longitudinal wave, the linear motion cylinder can be vertically arranged on the stirring array (see fig. 2), and the piston in the cylinder is driven to move up and down by the up-and-down relative movement of the floater and the cylinder fixed on the stirring array. If the on-site wave direction is mainly transverse wave, a linear motion cylinder can be horizontally arranged on the stirring array, and as shown in fig. 3, the front-back (or left-right) motion of a piston in the cylinder body is driven by the front-back (or left-right) relative motion of a floater and the cylinder body fixed on the stirring array. If the on-site fluctuation is mainly a combination of the longitudinal and transverse directions, i.e., the direction of the fluctuation is inclined, the linear motion cylinder should be installed to be inclined according to the main direction of the fluctuation, as shown in fig. 4.
When using the swinging cylinder with the rotary piston, if the on-site fluctuation direction is mainly longitudinal wave, the swinging cylinder 210 is horizontally installed at the middle position of the rotary piston 209 driven by the swinging rod 208, and the rotary piston is driven to rotate when the float moves up and down along with the wave as shown in fig. 5. If the on-site fluctuation direction is mainly transverse wave, a swinging cylinder is vertically arranged at the middle position of a swinging rod, and as shown in fig. 6, a floater is utilized to drive a rotary piston to do rotary motion when moving back and forth (left and right) along with the wave. If the on-site fluctuation is mainly a combination of longitudinal and transverse directions, i.e., a tilting fluctuation direction, the swing cylinder should be installed in a state where the intermediate position of the swing link is set to be tilted (in correspondence with the main fluctuation) according to the main direction of the fluctuation, as shown in fig. 7.
Example six:
this embodiment is a modification of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment with respect to the check valve. The driving cylinder of this embodiment is connected with four check valves, two of which are connected with the suction pipe and two of which are connected with the discharge pipe.
The present embodiment is a two-chamber solution, i.e. the two chambers of the driving cylinder are connected to the pipeline and then branched off from the pipeline, and the energy generated by the piston motion is fully utilized, as shown in fig. 2.
Embodiment seven:
this embodiment is a modification of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment with respect to the inlet arrangement of the suction pipe. The inlet of the suction pipe described in this embodiment is provided in the air.
The intake pipe inlet is placed in the air, see fig. 2, meaning that the compressed gas in the drive cylinder, and the resulting jet is also gas.
Example eight:
this embodiment is a modification of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment with respect to the outlet arrangement of the discharge pipe. The outlet of the discharge pipe according to this embodiment is provided at the bottom of the reservoir as shown in fig. 2.
In the embodiment, the jet flow emitted from the discharge port is directly aligned with sediment at the bottom of the reservoir, and the kinetic energy of the jet flow is utilized to blow the sediment on one hand, so that the sediment is promoted to flow, and on the other hand, the jet flow is utilized to generate stirring, so that turbulence is generated, and the sediment is promoted to flow.
Example nine:
this embodiment is a modification of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment with respect to the outlet arrangement of the discharge pipe. The outlet of the discharge pipe in this embodiment is disposed in the middle of a vertical pipe 211 extending from the bottom of the reservoir to the upper water body, as shown in fig. 8.
In the embodiment, jet flow is converted into adsorption force, sediment at the bottom of a reservoir is sucked up, the sediment is sucked near the water surface with high flow velocity, and the sediment is taken away by flowing water flow.
The jet adsorption conversion can be realized by using a vertically installed pipe, taking the outlet of the discharge pipe as a jet port, arranging the jet port at the middle part of the vertical pipe, using an elbow to direct the jet direction to the water surface, and when gas is ejected from the outlet of the discharge pipe, driving the water flow in the vertical pipe to move from bottom to top so that the jet drives the water flow in the pipe to flow to form an adsorption effect.
Because the upper water flow rate near the water surface is relatively larger, and the bottom water flow rate near the bottom of the reservoir is relatively smaller, a vertical pipe extending from the bottom of the reservoir to the water surface is arranged, and the vertical pipe can generate a chimney-like effect, so that water in the vertical pipe flows from bottom to top.
In order to promote the sediment deposited at the bottom of the reservoir to flow, a branch pipe can be arranged on the discharge pipe to guide the sprayed airflow to the bottom of the reservoir, agitate the bottom water flow near the bottom of the reservoir, so that the sediment is flooded, is conveniently sucked by the vertical pipe and is brought into the upper water flow.
Example ten:
this embodiment is a modification of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment with respect to the outlet arrangement of the discharge pipe. The outlet of the discharge pipe in this embodiment is provided with a branch pipe 212, and the outlet of the branch pipe is provided at the bottom of the reservoir, as shown in fig. 9.
The outlets of the branch pipes may be located near the lower end of the riser to facilitate entry of the agitated sediment into the riser.
Finally, it should be noted that the above is only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention (such as the shape of the cylinder, the mounting manner of the cylinder, the form of the entire agitation array, etc.), without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution device, comprising: a frame for an agitating array anchored or floating on a water surface, said frame having a plurality of agitating units thereon, said agitating units comprising: the device comprises a floater capable of relatively moving with a frame, wherein the floater is connected with a piston in a driving cylinder fixed on the frame through a connecting rod, the driving cylinder is connected with four check valves, two check valves are connected with a suction pipe, the two check valves are connected with a discharge pipe, an inlet of the suction pipe is arranged in the air, an outlet of the discharge pipe is arranged in the middle of a vertical pipe extending from the bottom of a reservoir to an upper water body, a manifold for introducing jet flow is arranged in the middle of the vertical pipe, the outlet of the manifold faces to the upper opening of the vertical pipe, and a pipeline connected with the check valves is at least connected with one outlet capable of driving sediment to flow; the working steps of the device are as follows:
determining reservoir locations that prevent or require removal of the sludge;
an agitation array disposed in the water at selected reservoir locations;
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
a plurality of floaters floating on the water surface are arranged in the stirring array, and each floater drives a respective driving cylinder to drive gas to stir water flow at the bottom of the reservoir;
each floater floating on the water surface moves relative to the whole stirring array along with the fluctuation of the water surface;
the stirred water flow stirs the sediment at the bottom of the reservoir;
the relative motion of the floater and the whole stirring array is up-and-down motion or left-and-right motion or front-and-back motion along with the fluctuation of the water surface;
the driven gas sucks sediment at the bottom of the reservoir to the upper water body through the water absorption effect and flows away along with natural water flow.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive cylinder is a swing cylinder or a linear cylinder.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the discharge pipe is provided with a branch pipe, and the outlet of the branch pipe is arranged at the bottom of the warehouse.
CN201710575729.5A 2017-07-14 2017-07-14 Wave energy driven reservoir sediment redistribution method and device Active CN107165120B (en)

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CN113266511B (en) * 2021-05-07 2023-05-23 武汉市炫能清洁能源科技有限公司 Float wave energy array power generation device based on flexible reeled rope
CN116084353B (en) * 2023-02-14 2023-08-08 浙江大学 Smooth automatic reservoir sand discharging device and method

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