CN107159869A - A kind of preparation method of fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107159869A CN107159869A CN201710257265.3A CN201710257265A CN107159869A CN 107159869 A CN107159869 A CN 107159869A CN 201710257265 A CN201710257265 A CN 201710257265A CN 107159869 A CN107159869 A CN 107159869A
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- shell
- easy oxidation
- oxidation metal
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
- B22D21/005—Castings of light metals with high melting point, e.g. Be 1280 degrees C, Ti 1725 degrees C
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal, comprise the following steps：(1) prepared by shell surface layer：Refractory powder is added in binding agent and mixed, and adds wetting agent and defoamer, stirs and is prepared into investment precoat；The coating is applied and hung on wax-pattern, repeating aforesaid operations after drying repeatedly forms surface shell；(2) prepared by shell back-up coat：Bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and mixed, stucco uses bauxite sand, repeating aforesaid operations after drying repeatedly forms back-up coat shell；(3) shell dewaxing and roasting：Using infrared dewaxing technique；(4) smelting and pouring：Melting is carried out using vacuum consumable skull melting method, poured into a mould using spun casting technique.The casting dimension produced using this method is accurate, minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm, surface roughness≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤0.03mm, and surface is reduced without the defects such as cold shut, current mark, micro-crack, and production cost, and the production cycle shortens, and is adapted to batch production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fired mold precision casting type shell process of preparing for easy oxidation metal.
Background technology
Easy oxidation metal (titanium, zirconium etc.) have density it is low, than it is strong high, corrosion-resistant the features such as, boat is widely used at present
The industries such as sky, space flight, nuclear energy, chemical industry and medical treatment.Easy oxidation metal has higher activity in the molten state, can with it is general normal
Different degrees of chemical reaction occurs with refractory material, and can also be with O2、N2、H2And CO2Chemically reacted Deng gas, shadow
Ring the quality of casting.Therefore, easy oxidation metal foundry engieering requires higher to mold material and Casting Equipment, it is necessary to which selection is suitable
Mold material and casting technique, it is ensured that the quality of casting.
At present, easy oxidation metal foundry engieering is mainly using machining graphite mould and ceramic mould investment precision casting technology.
It is that casting mold processing relatively convenient is simple to machine graphite mould process characteristic, and the single products production cycle is shorter, but due to graphite casting
Type surface is more coarse, and thermal conductivity is higher, causes the cast(ing) surface of cast the defects such as cold shut, current mark, micro-crack easily occur.
Ceramic mould investment precision casting technology is as surface layer powder, using yttrium colloidal sol or acetic acid zirconium using yittrium oxide inert ceramic material
It is prepared from as surface layer binding agent, and using melted module precise casting technology, its feature is that surface quality of continuous castings is higher, is especially fitted
For complex thin wall castings.But the technology has some problems, one side Yttrium oxide material costly, causes to be produced into
This higher, another aspect sol bonded yttrium agent less stable in preparation process, it is easy to be gelled, Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent
Gelation rate is slower during shell processed, and is reversible, and water is met after gelling can occur " back dissolving " phenomenon, be come off from wax-pattern,
Therefore shell needs longer drying time, causes casting mold manufacturing cycle longer.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the invention provides a kind of oxidizable gold of use calcium zirconate-yittrium oxide composite ceramics shell
Belong to melted module precise casting technology.The casting dimension produced using this method is accurate, and casting minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm, surface is thick
Rugosity≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤0.03mm, surface is reduced without the defects such as cold shut, current mark, micro-crack, and production cost,
Production cycle shortens.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
(1) prepared by shell surface layer：Refractory powder is added in binding agent and mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is the ︰ 1 of 2 ︰ 1~4, and
0~0.05wt% wetting agents and 0~0.05wt% defoamers, uniform stirring 2~6 hours are added, investment precoat is prepared into；This
Coating is applied and hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and Task-size Controlling is in 80~150 mesh, and drying time control is small 6~18
When, environment temperature is controlled at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 45~65%；Repeat 2~3 formation of aforesaid operations certain thickness
Surface shell；The change of component scope of the refractory powder is as follows：Calcium zirconate 60~90%, yittrium oxide 10~40%；Binding agent
Change of component scope it is as follows：Nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid 50~70%, acetic acid zirconium 50~30%；
(2) prepared by shell back-up coat：Bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and mixed, the control of powder liquid mass ratio
In the ︰ 1 of 2 ︰ 1~5, stucco uses bauxite sand, and Task-size Controlling is controlled 12~24 hours, environment in 20~100 mesh, drying time
Temperature control is at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 30~50%；Repeat aforesaid operations and form certain thickness back-up coat 8~10 times
Shell；
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting：Shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating-up temperature is at 220~260 DEG C；Shell
The programming rate control of roasting is incubated 2~4 hours, stove is as cold as 100~200 DEG C in 100~150 DEG C/h at 1000~1400 DEG C
Come out of the stove standby；
(4) smelting and pouring：Using vacuum consumable skull melting method, easy oxidation metal consutrode is put into vacuum first
In Consumable electrode skull furnace, start vavuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, metal all after fusing, is used
Spun casting technique cast alloys liquid into casting mold, centrifugal rotational speed is 150~400 revs/min, and cooling is produced.
It is used as preferred technical scheme：
Refractory powder granularity described in step (1) be 270~650 mesh, nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration be 15%~
30wt%, acetic acid zirconium concentration is 30~45wt%；The wetting agent is JFC, and defoamer is n-butanol.
The Task-size Controlling of bauxite powder described in step (2) is in 220~540 mesh, and thickness of silica gel is 30~40wt%.
Baking is carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace in step (3).
The voltage of vacuum consumable skull melting is controlled in 38~40V in step (4), and current control is in 16000~20000A.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows：
The present invention is mixed as shell surface layer powder using calcium zirconate and yittrium oxide, using nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid and vinegar
Sour zirconium is as surface layer binding agent, and one side calcium zirconate material source is extensively, cheap, greatly reduces shell cost processed, and then
So that the production cost of easy oxidation metal casting is also reduced.On the other hand, nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid rate of drying is fast,
Stability preferably, largely avoid the back dissolving of Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent, shell efficiency processed is improved, with individually being glued using acetic acid zirconium
Knot agent is compared, and the shell cycle processed reduces 20%.In addition, in the process for making shell, surface layer powder particles are controlled in 270~650 mesh, shape
Into grain size distribution, small particles are embedded in the gap of big particle, improve the tightly packed ability of powder, and shell compactness is carried
It is high.Meanwhile, surface layer slurry collocation method is simple, it is easy to be coated with, and the investment shell intensity of preparation is high, and the easy oxidation metal casting of cast is dirty
Contaminate layer small, be adapted to batch production.The invention can be widely applied to high-quality quantity high performance easy oxidation metal precision casting development and
In production.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal, using the production material trade mark as ZTA15 titanium alloy pump
Exemplified by body, processing step is as follows：
(1) prepared by shell surface layer：Refractory powder is added in binding agent and mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is 3 ︰ 1, and is added
0.02wt% wetting agent jfcs and 0.02wt% defoamer n-butanols, uniform stirring 6 hours are prepared into investment precoat；Wherein fire resisting
The composition of powder is calcium zirconate 80%, yittrium oxide 20%, and granularity is 270~650 mesh, and the composition of binding agent is nano aluminium oxide point
Dispersion liquid 50%, acetic acid zirconium 50%, nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration is 20wt%, and acetic acid zirconium concentration is 40wt%.The coating
Painting is hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and Task-size Controlling is controlled 12 hours, environment temperature control in 80 mesh, drying time
System is at 26 DEG C, and humid control is 50%.Repeat aforesaid operations and form certain thickness surface shell 3 times.
(2) prepared by shell back-up coat：Bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and mixed, the control of powder liquid mass ratio
In 4 ︰ 1, wherein bauxite Task-size Controlling is in 220~540 mesh, and thickness of silica gel is 30wt%, and stucco uses bauxite sand, granularity
Control is in 20~100 mesh, and drying time control was at 24 hours, and environment temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, and humid control is 40%.In repetition
State to operate 10 times and form certain thickness back-up coat shell.
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting：Shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating-up temperature is at 260 DEG C.Baking exists
Carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace, programming rate control is incubated 4 hours in 100 DEG C/h at 1000 DEG C, stove be as cold as 100 DEG C come out of the stove it is standby.
(4) smelting and pouring：Using vacuum consumable skull melting method, titanium alloy consumable electrode is put into vacuum consumable first
In electrode skull crucible, start vavuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, voltage is controlled in 38V, and current control exists
18000A.Titanium alloy all fusing after, using spun casting technique into casting mold cast titanium aluminium alloy, centrifugal rotational speed be 400 turns/
Point, cooling is produced.
Pour the casting minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm outpoured, any surface finish, roughness≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤
0.01mm。
Embodiment 2
A kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal, the zircaloy cock by 702C of the production material trade mark
Exemplified by valve, processing step is as follows：
(1) prepared by shell surface layer：Refractory powder is added in binding agent and mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is 2 ︰ 1, and is added
0.02wt% wetting agent jfcs and 0.02wt% defoamer n-butanols, uniform stirring 6 hours are prepared into investment precoat；Wherein fire resisting
The composition of powder is calcium zirconate 60%, yittrium oxide 40%, and granularity is 270~650 mesh, and the composition of binding agent is nano aluminium oxide point
Dispersion liquid 60%, acetic acid zirconium 40%；Nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration is 20wt%, and acetic acid zirconium concentration is 40wt%.The coating
Painting is hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and granularity is 80 mesh, and 12 hours drying times, environment temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, wet
Degree control is 50%.Repeat aforesaid operations and form certain thickness surface shell 3 times.
(2) prepared by shell back-up coat：Bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and mixed, the control of powder liquid mass ratio
In 3 ︰ 1, wherein bauxite Task-size Controlling is in 220~540 mesh, and thickness of silica gel is 30wt%, and stucco uses bauxite sand, granularity
Control is in 20~100 mesh, and drying time control was at 12 hours, and environment temperature is controlled at 26 DEG C, and humid control is 40%.In repetition
State to operate 8 times and form certain thickness back-up coat shell.
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting：Shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating-up temperature is at 260 DEG C.Baking exists
Carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace, programming rate control is incubated 2 hours in 100 DEG C/h at 1000 DEG C, stove be as cold as 100 DEG C come out of the stove it is standby.
(4) smelting and pouring：Using vacuum consumable skull melting method, zircaloy consutrode is put into vacuum consumable first
In electrode skull crucible, start vavuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, voltage is controlled in 40V, and current control exists
20000A.Zircaloy all after fusing, cast zircaloy liquid using spun casting technique into casting mold, centrifugal rotational speed for 220 turns/
Point, cooling is produced.
Pour the casting minimum wall thickness (MINI W.)≤1.0mm outpoured, any surface finish, roughness≤6.3 μm, surface contamination layer≤
0.03mm。
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar can understand present disclosure and implement according to this, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
The equivalent change or modification that Spirit Essence is made, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of precision-investment casting method for easy oxidation metal, it is characterised in that including following processing steps：
(1) prepared by shell surface layer：Refractory powder is added in binding agent and mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is the ︰ 1 of 2 ︰ 1~4, and adds 0
~0.05wt% wetting agents and 0~0.05wt% defoamers, uniform stirring 2~6 hours, are prepared into investment precoat；The coating
Painting is hung on wax-pattern, and stucco uses calcium zirconate sand, and Task-size Controlling is controlled 6~18 hours, ring in 80~150 mesh, drying time
Border temperature control is at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 45~65%；Repeat aforesaid operations and form certain thickness surface layer 2~3 times
Shell；The change of component scope of the refractory powder is as follows：Calcium zirconate 50~80%, yittrium oxide 20~50%；The group of binding agent
Divide excursion as follows：Nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid 50~70%, acetic acid zirconium 30~50%；
(2) prepared by shell back-up coat：Bauxite powder is added in silica sol binder and mixed, powder liquid mass ratio is controlled in 2 ︰
1~5 ︰ 1, stucco uses bauxite sand, and Task-size Controlling is controlled 12~24 hours, environment temperature in 20~100 mesh, drying time
Control is at 18~26 DEG C, and humid control is 30~50%；Repeat aforesaid operations and form certain thickness reinforcing stratotype 8~10 times
Shell；
(3) shell dewaxing and roasting：Shell dewaxing uses infrared dewaxing technique, and heating-up temperature is at 220~260 DEG C；Baking
Programming rate control in 100~150 DEG C/h, be incubated 2~4 hours at 1000~1400 DEG C, stove is as cold as 100~200 DEG C and come out of the stove
It is standby；
(4) smelting and pouring：Using vacuum consumable skull melting method, easy oxidation metal consutrode is put into vacuum consumable first
In electrode skull crucible, start vavuum pump, be evacuated to vacuum≤10-2After Pa, melting is carried out, after metal all melts, using centrifugation
Casting process cast alloys liquid into casting mold, centrifugal rotational speed is 150~400 revs/min, and cooling is produced.
2. according to the preparation method for the fired mold precision casting type shell for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Refractory powder granularity described in step (1) is 270~650 mesh, and nano aluminium oxide dispersion liquid concentration is 15%~30wt%, acetic acid
Zirconium concentration is 30~45wt%.
3. according to the preparation method for the fired mold precision casting type shell for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Wetting agent described in step (1) is JFC, and defoamer is n-butanol.
4. according to the preparation method for the fired mold precision casting type shell for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The Task-size Controlling of bauxite powder described in step (2) is in 220~540 mesh, and thickness of silica gel is 30~40wt%.
5. according to the preparation method for the fired mold precision casting type shell for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Baking is carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace in step (3).
6. according to the preparation method for the fired mold precision casting type shell for being used for easy oxidation metal described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The voltage of vacuum consumable skull melting is controlled in 38~40V in step (4), and current control is in 16000~20000A.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710257265.3A CN107159869B (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of preparation method of the fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal |
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| CN201710257265.3A CN107159869B (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of preparation method of the fired mold precision casting type shell for easy oxidation metal |
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| CN107159869A true CN107159869A (en) | 2017-09-15 |
| CN107159869B CN107159869B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109014017A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2018-12-18 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of preparation method based on the natural plant type metal handicrafts for burning mistake method |
| CN109574662A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-05 | 沃尔曼科技张家港有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and application of calcium zirconate ceramics type core |
| CN113000788A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-22 | 丹东大王精铸有限公司 | Shell manufacturing method of low-cost composite shell |
| WO2021174375A1 (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-10 | 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Precision forming method for large-sized complex cavity titanium alloy casting |
| CN113996748A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Shell surface layer for lost foam shell mold casting aluminum lithium alloy and shell preparation method |
| CN113996759A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Aluminum lithium alloy casting adopting shell to inhibit interface reaction and casting method thereof |
| CN117344244A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-01-05 | 中国机械总院集团沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Invar alloy with high strength and low expansion coefficient and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102962401A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-13 | 上海大学 | SrZrO3 shell for titanium and titanium alloy precise casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN105499499A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Precise forming method for titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109014017A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2018-12-18 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of preparation method based on the natural plant type metal handicrafts for burning mistake method |
| CN109574662A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-05 | 沃尔曼科技张家港有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and application of calcium zirconate ceramics type core |
| CN113000788A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-22 | 丹东大王精铸有限公司 | Shell manufacturing method of low-cost composite shell |
| WO2021174375A1 (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-10 | 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Precision forming method for large-sized complex cavity titanium alloy casting |
| CN113996748A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Shell surface layer for lost foam shell mold casting aluminum lithium alloy and shell preparation method |
| CN113996759A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Aluminum lithium alloy casting adopting shell to inhibit interface reaction and casting method thereof |
| CN113996748B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-12-02 | 华中科技大学 | Shell surface layer for lost foam shell mold casting aluminum lithium alloy and shell preparation method |
| CN117344244A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-01-05 | 中国机械总院集团沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Invar alloy with high strength and low expansion coefficient and manufacturing method thereof |
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Address after: 110000 Yunfeng South Street, Tiexi District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 17 Patentee after: SHENYANG RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FOUNDRY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 110022 No. 17 Yunfeng Street South, Tiexi District, Liaoning, Shenyang Patentee before: Shenyang Research Institute OF Foundry |
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Address after: 110000 No.17, Yunfeng South Street, Tiexi District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: Shenyang Foundry Research Institute Co., Ltd. of China National Machinery Research Institute Group Address before: 110000 No.17, Yunfeng South Street, Tiexi District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee before: SHENYANG RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FOUNDRY Co.,Ltd. |
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