CN107155840B - Fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system and method - Google Patents
Fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155840B CN107155840B CN201710301447.6A CN201710301447A CN107155840B CN 107155840 B CN107155840 B CN 107155840B CN 201710301447 A CN201710301447 A CN 201710301447A CN 107155840 B CN107155840 B CN 107155840B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/70—Mixers specially adapted for working at sub- or super-atmospheric pressure, e.g. combined with de-foaming
- B01F33/71—Mixers specially adapted for working at sub- or super-atmospheric pressure, e.g. combined with de-foaming working at super-atmospheric pressure, e.g. in pressurised vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
- B01F35/22—Control or regulation
- B01F35/221—Control or regulation of operational parameters, e.g. level of material in the mixer, temperature or pressure
- B01F35/2211—Amount of delivered fluid during a period
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
- B01F35/83—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
- B01F35/833—Flow control by valves, e.g. opening intermittently
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
- B01F35/88—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by feeding the materials batchwise
- B01F35/883—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by feeding the materials batchwise using flow rate controls for feeding the substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G2031/006—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics with means for recycling the nutritive solution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/32—Mixing fertiliser ingredients
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system and method. According to the invention, only the slow application device is started to apply fertilizer in the early growth stage and the mature stage of crops, the slow application device and the spraying device are started simultaneously in the vigorous stage, the macroelement nutrient solution is supplemented to start the slow application device, and the microelement nutrient solution is supplemented to start the spraying device, so that accurate and efficient fertilizer application and fertilizer supplement are realized, the intelligent and accurate water and fertilizer management is realized, the fertilizer is efficiently utilized, the yield and quality of vegetables are remarkably improved, the growth time of the vegetables is shortened, the labor intensity is reduced, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system and method.
Background
With the increasing population and the decreasing resource and energy, the ecological environment is more and more urgent, and the traditional agricultural land is under great pressure and has many problems.
Soilless culture and water and fertilizer integration are a means for effectively breaking the difficulty of traditional agricultural development, a fish and vegetable symbiotic mode combines a recirculating aquaculture technology and a soilless culture technology, a water treatment technology is utilized to recycle culture wastewater, the culture wastewater is utilized as a soilless culture nutrient solution to culture vegetables, and the method has the characteristics of obvious ecology, high efficiency and sustainability. The circulating nutrition of soilless culture comes from the ionic state nutrient salt formed by the biochemical reaction treatment of the culture wastewater, and the composition and proportion are single from the formula of fish bait, so the culture proportion and variety collocation of fish and vegetables are emphasized in the mode, and the whole demand of the nutrient solution for supplying fertilizer is small but the requirement is accurate.
the fish and the vegetables are mutually communicated through water circulation, so the water and fertilizer management technical method of the pure soilless culture does not consider the limitations of the culture water quality of the fish, the nutrient solution stock solution formula and the water and fertilizer management technology are obviously different, although the prior pure soilless culture water and fertilizer all-in-one machine realizes fertilizer-saving irrigation and liquid-mixing fertilization according to the formula, the prior pure soilless culture water and fertilizer all-in-one machine can feed back on line according to the growth vigor and the environment of plants, the intelligent accurate fertilization does not bring the fertility benefit to the maximum, and particularly the water and fertilizer management technology in a fish and vegetable symbiotic mode is blank.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the prior circulating water in a fish-vegetable symbiotic mode is insufficient in nutrient elements when applied to soilless culture, and the fertilizer formula structure is not suitable for plant irrigation.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system which comprises a stock solution storage device, a pressure mixing device, a slow application device, a spraying device and a control device, wherein the stock solution storage device is connected with a feed inlet of the pressure mixing device through a first pipeline, the first pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the slow application device and the spraying device are respectively connected with two discharge outlets of the pressure mixing device through pipelines, the pipelines are provided with first proportional valves, and the electromagnetic valve and the first proportional valves are both connected with the control device.
Wherein, still include water quality testing device, water quality testing device including detect the room with set up in detect indoor multi-parameter water quality sensor, multi-parameter water quality sensor with controlling means connects, the water inlet that detects the room with slowly apply the device and connect, the delivery port that detects the room pass through the second pipeline with spraying device connects, be close to on the second pipeline spraying device's one end is equipped with the second proportional valve, just the second proportional valve with detect between the room be equipped with the blowoff valve on the second pipeline.
The slow-release device comprises a circulating water pipeline, a flow detector is arranged in the circulating water pipeline, a filter screen is arranged at a water inlet port of the circulating water pipeline, and the flow detector is connected with the control device.
Wherein, spraying device includes the spraying mixing chamber, be equipped with the booster pump in the spraying mixing chamber, the booster pump passes through the atomizing external tapping and communicates with the external world.
Wherein, stoste storage device includes vibration board and a plurality of holding vessel, be equipped with a plurality of holes on the vibration board, every the holding vessel corresponds one the hole is fixed in the hole, the top of holding vessel is equipped with the charge door, first pipeline includes collecting pipe and many branch pipes, every the one end of branch pipe rather than corresponding the discharge gate of holding vessel bottom is connected, the other end with the collecting pipe is connected, the collecting pipe with pressure mixing arrangement connects, every all be equipped with one on the branch pipe the solenoid valve.
Wherein, pressure mixing arrangement includes the mixing chamber, be equipped with the booster in the mixing chamber.
Wherein, still include air circumstance detection device and plant growth detection device, air circumstance detection device with plant growth detection device all with controlling means connects, just air circumstance detection device includes plant growth environment sensor and is close to the temperature and humidity sensor that the holding vessel set up.
Wherein, still include the box, stoste storage device pressure mixing arrangement slowly exert the device with spraying device all set up in the box, controlling means set up in on the box outer wall, just the controlling means top is equipped with the shielding plate, shielding plate one end is fixed in on the box, other end level outwards stretches out.
The invention also provides a fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forming a standard nutrient solution fertilization formula under a fish and vegetable symbiotic mode by the control device according to the variety and planting time input by a user, comprehensively correcting the standard nutrient solution fertilization formula according to the soilless culture circulating water sample analyzed and collected by the water quality detection device, the plant growth vigor analyzed by the plant growth vigor detection device and the result obtained by analyzing the air environment parameters by the air environment detection device, and determining a fertilization mode according to the crop growth stage and the nutrient solution supplement element type;
S2, when the pipeline injection fertilization mode is determined, one nutrient solution stock solution of the nutrient solution stock solutions selected by the corrected fertilization formula is quantitatively and automatically flowed into the first pipeline from the storage tank, then flows into the pressure mixing device for pressurization, the controller detects the real-time flow of the soilless culture circulating water entering the circulating water pipeline according to the flow sensor in the circulating water pipeline, the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device is controlled by a proportional valve to be introduced into a circulating water pipeline at a matched rate, the nutrient solution stock solution in the circulating water pipeline and the soilless culture circulating water form mixed nutrient solution, the mixed nutrient solution flows out to fertilize the root system of the plant, after the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device is emptied, supplementing the next nutrient solution stock solution into soilless culture circulating water according to the mode until all selected nutrient solution stock solutions are gradually applied one by one, and finally adjusting the pH value of the soilless culture circulating water to be maintained at neutral;
When a leaf surface atomizing and spraying mode is selected, the nutrient solution stock solution selected by the corrected fertilization formula flows automatically into the first pipeline from the storage tank quantitatively and flows into the pressure mixing device for pressurization and mixing, the control device controls the nutrient solution stock solution mixed in the pressure mixing device to be applied into the spray mixing chamber at a matching rate according to the water inlet flow of the soilless culture circulating water in the spray mixing chamber through the proportional valve, the nutrient solution stock solution and the soilless culture circulating water are mixed and diluted to form mixed nutrient solution, meanwhile, the pH value of the mixed nutrient solution is regulated to be maintained at a neutral state, the atomized mixed nutrient solution is pressed out by the booster pump in the spray mixing chamber, and the atomization external port is used for fertilizing the back surface of the leaf surface of the plant.
The water quality detection device is taken once per cycle according to circulation of a circulating water pipeline, standing measurement is carried out for 5-10 minutes, and then the water is discharged through a drain valve or flows into a spray mixing device for recycling, the air environment detection device detects once every 10 minutes, when the temperature is too low, a vibration plate is triggered to vibrate a storage tank to avoid the precipitation of a nutrient solution stock solution, and the plant growth detection device detects once per day; if the modified fertilization formula comprises calcium fertilizers and magnesium fertilizers, the original liquid of the nutrient solution containing sulfate and phosphate is avoided from being mixed with fertilizers or fertilized, and if the original liquid conflicts with the original liquid of the nutrient solution containing sulfate and phosphate, the calcium fertilizers and the magnesium fertilizers are supplemented after 12-24 hours.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: soilless culture circulating water is introduced into both the slow application device and the spraying device of the fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system, nutrient solution in the stock solution storage device flows into the slow application device and the spraying device after being pressurized by the pressure mixing device, secondary fertilizer supplement is carried out on the original soilless culture circulating water to meet the content requirement of macroelements and microelements required by plant growth in the mixed nutrient solution, the control device controls the electromagnetic valve and the first proportional valve to realize the adjustment of the flow rate of the nutrient solution in the stock solution storage device introduced into the slow application device and the spraying device, meanwhile, the slow application device is used for a pipeline injection fertilization mode, and the spraying device is used for a leaf surface atomization spray fertilization mode, so that the invention only starts the slow application device to fertilize in the early growth stage and the mature stage of crops, simultaneously starts the slow application device and the spraying device in the vigorous stage, supplements the macroelement nutrient solution to start the slow application device, the invention discloses a start-up spraying device for supplying microelement nutrient solution, which focuses on cost control and multifunctional development design, utilizes a control device to calculate flow parameters of a stock solution storage device to a pressure mixing device, a pressure mixing device to a slow application device and a spraying device through an electromagnetic valve and a first proportional valve, forms a standard nutrient solution fertilization formula under a fish-vegetable symbiotic mode, comprehensively corrects the formula according to plant varieties, growth vigor, water quality and air environment parameters, determines a fertilization mode according to a crop growth stage and a nutrient solution element supplying type, realizes accurate and efficient fertilization and fertilizer supplying, has the characteristics of efficiently utilizing fertilizer, remarkably improving the yield and quality of vegetables, shortening the growth time of the vegetables, reducing labor intensity and the like, achieves intelligent and accurate water and fertilizer management and adjustment, feeds back the current soilless culture water and fertilizer integrated management to real time, and plays a role in accurate correction and more efficient adjustment, the method has a promoting effect on future facility precision agriculture and fish and vegetable symbiotic industry, and meets the requirements of saving, increasing efficiency and ecological environment protection development.
In addition to the technical problems addressed by the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions described above, other technical features of the present invention and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1: a stock solution storage device; 2: a pressure mixing device; 3: a slow application device; 4: a spraying device; 5: a control device; 6: a first conduit; 7: an electromagnetic valve; 8: a first proportional valve; 9: a water quality detection device; 10: a second conduit; 11: a second proportional valve; 12: a blowoff valve; 13: a plant growth detection device; 14: an air environment detection device; 15: a box body; 101: a vibrating plate; 102: a storage tank; 103: a feed inlet; 201: a mixing chamber; 202: a supercharger; 301: a circulating water line; 302: a flow detector; 303: a filter screen; 401: a spray mixing chamber; 402: a booster pump; 403: an atomizing external interface; 601: a collector pipe; 602: a branch pipe; 901: a detection chamber; 902: a multi-parameter water quality sensor; 1401: a plant growth environment sensor; 1402: a temperature and humidity sensor; 1501: a shielding plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality", "plural groups" means two or more, and "several", "several groups" means one or more.
As shown in fig. 1, the fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a stock solution storage device 1, a pressure mixing device 2, a slow application device 3, a spraying device 4 and a control device 5, wherein the stock solution storage device 1 is connected with a feed inlet of the pressure mixing device 2 through a first pipeline 6, the first pipeline 6 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 7, the slow application device 3 and the spraying device 4 are respectively connected with two discharge outlets of the pressure mixing device 2 through pipelines, the pipelines are provided with a first proportional valve 8, and the electromagnetic valve 7 and the first proportional valve 8 are both connected with the control device 5.
Soilless culture circulating water is introduced into both the slow application device and the spraying device of the fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system, nutrient solution in the stock solution storage device flows into the slow application device and the spraying device after being pressurized by the pressure mixing device, secondary fertilizer supplement is carried out on the original soilless culture circulating water to meet the content requirement of macroelements and microelements required by plant growth in the mixed nutrient solution, the control device controls the electromagnetic valve and the first proportional valve to realize the adjustment of the flow rate of the nutrient solution in the stock solution storage device introduced into the slow application device and the spraying device, meanwhile, the slow application device is used for a pipeline injection fertilization mode, and the spraying device is used for a leaf surface atomization spray fertilization mode, so that the invention only starts the slow application device to fertilize in the early growth stage and the mature stage of crops, simultaneously starts the slow application device and the spraying device in the vigorous stage, supplements the macroelement nutrient solution to start the slow application device, the invention discloses a start-up spraying device for supplying microelement nutrient solution, which focuses on cost control and multifunctional development design, utilizes a control device to calculate flow parameters of a stock solution storage device to a pressure mixing device, a pressure mixing device to a slow application device and a spraying device through an electromagnetic valve and a first proportional valve, forms a standard nutrient solution fertilization formula under a fish-vegetable symbiotic mode, comprehensively corrects the formula according to plant varieties, growth vigor, water quality and air environment parameters, determines a fertilization mode according to a crop growth stage and a nutrient solution element supplying type, realizes accurate and efficient fertilization and fertilizer supplying, has the characteristics of efficiently utilizing fertilizer, remarkably improving the yield and quality of vegetables, shortening the growth time of the vegetables, reducing labor intensity and the like, achieves intelligent and accurate water and fertilizer management and adjustment, feeds back the current soilless culture water and fertilizer integrated management to real time, and plays a role in accurate correction and more efficient adjustment, the method has a promoting effect on future facility precision agriculture and fish and vegetable symbiotic industry, and meets the requirements of saving, increasing efficiency and ecological environment protection development.
The fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system further comprises a water quality detection device 9, wherein the water quality detection device 9 comprises a detection chamber 901 and a multi-parameter water quality sensor 902 arranged in the detection chamber 901, the multi-parameter water quality sensor 902 is connected with a control device 5, a water inlet of the detection chamber 901 is connected with a slow application device 3, a water outlet of the detection chamber 901 is connected with a spraying device 4 through a second pipeline 10, a second proportional valve 11 is arranged at one end, close to the spraying device 4, of the second pipeline 10, and a drain valve 12 is arranged on the second pipeline 10 between the second proportional valve 11 and the detection chamber 901. The water quality detection device takes a water sample of soilless culture circulating water from the application device through a water inlet with an electromagnetic valve, the water sample is discharged through a water outlet through a water discharge valve on a second pipeline after being detected, or is input into the spraying device through a second proportional valve for recycling, the inside of the detection chamber is provided with a multi-parameter water quality sensor, parameters such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, conductivity, hardness, pH value, liquid level and the like of the water sample are detected, nutrient elements lacking in the water sample or elements interfering with plant cultivation are confirmed, and information is transmitted to the control device for analysis and integration.
Specifically, slow executing device 3 includes circulating water pipeline 301, is equipped with flow detector 302 in circulating water pipeline 301, and circulating water pipeline 301's inlet port department is equipped with filter screen 303, and flow detector 302 is connected with controlling means 5. Introduce soilless culture circulating water through the circulating water pipeline, filter screen and flow sensor are installed to the end of intaking of circulating water pipeline, the filter screen blocks the granule debris in the circulating water, recoil through opening sewage discharging equipment regularly and fall the granule debris, flow sensor gathers the flow parameter of soilless culture circulating water, be equipped with nutrient solution mother liquor injection hole on the pipeline and connect pressure mixing device, nutrient solution mother liquor in the stoste storage device flows into pressure mixing device through first pipeline, pressure mixing device passes through one of discharge gate and is connected with the circulating water pipeline, make nutrient solution stoste mix with soilless culture circulating water, the play water end of circulating water pipeline is external connection nutrient solution circulating water pipeline and is discharged mixed nutrient solution.
Wherein, spraying device 4 includes spraying mixing chamber 401, is equipped with booster pump 402 in the spraying mixing chamber 401, and booster pump 402 passes through atomizing external interface 403 and communicates with the external world. The spraying mixing chamber is internally provided with a small booster pump and a pipeline, can output atomized nutrient solution outwards, is additionally provided with a composite interface provided with a proportional valve, can feed water and discharge water, and is connected with the composite interface through a second pipeline in the embodiment.
Further, the stock solution storage device 1 comprises a vibration plate 101 and a plurality of storage tanks 102, a plurality of holes are formed in the vibration plate 101, each storage tank corresponds to one hole and is fixed in the hole, a feed inlet 103 is formed in the top of each storage tank 102, the first pipeline 6 comprises a collecting pipe 601 and a plurality of branch pipes 602, one end of each branch pipe 602 is connected with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the corresponding storage tank 102, the other end of each branch pipe 602 is connected with the collecting pipe 601, the collecting pipe 601 is connected with the pressure mixing device 2, and each branch pipe 602 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 7. The stock solution storage device is provided with 12 cylindrical nutrient solution stock solution storage tanks with large and small specifications, namely 6 cylindrical nutrient solution stock solution storage tanks with large and small specifications respectively, the 1/3 positions of the bottoms of the storage tanks pass through the circular through holes corresponding to the vibrating plates, each storage tank is provided with a top feed inlet and a bottom discharge outlet, macroelement nutrient solution mother solution required by plant growth is added into the large-specification nutrient solution stock solution storage tank from the feed inlets, the microelement nutrient solution mother solution, the weak acid and the alkali neutralizer are added into the small-specification nutrient solution stock solution storage tanks through the feed inlets, branch pipes connected with the discharge outlets are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the outlet ends of the electromagnetic valves are not fixedly embedded into clamping grooves of the collecting pipes. The vibration board can trigger the vibration holding vessel when the temperature is low excessively, avoids the nutrient solution to precipitate, influences liquid manure treatment work.
the pressure mixing device 2 includes a mixing chamber 201, and a supercharger 202 is provided in the mixing chamber 201. The pressure mixing chamber is provided with a supercharger, the feed inlet of the pressure mixing chamber is connected with the outlet of the collecting pipe, 2 discharge ports are arranged to be respectively connected with two pipelines, one is communicated with a circulating water pipeline, and the other is communicated with the spray mixing chamber. The pressure mixing device pressurizes and inputs nutrient solution mother liquor into a circulating water pipeline or a spraying mixing chamber, and soilless culture circulating water is prevented from being refilled into the storage tank due to local pressure difference.
In addition, the fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system further comprises an air environment detection device 14 and a plant growth detection device 13, wherein the air environment detection device 14 and the plant growth detection device 13 are both connected with the control device 5, and the air environment detection device 14 comprises a plant growth environment sensor 1401 and a temperature and humidity sensor 1402 which is arranged close to the storage tank 102. A temperature and humidity sensor of the air environment detection device detects the ambient temperature and humidity conditions of the storage tank, a plant growth environment sensor detects the temperature, humidity, illumination and carbon dioxide of a plant growth environment, and the plant growth condition detection device is a CMOS image sensor and collects the plant height and leaf photos of the plant; the air environment detection device and the plant growth detection device are connected with the control device through an external wiring terminal box so as to transmit detection information to the control device for analysis and integration.
the fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system further comprises a box body 15, the stock solution storage device 1, the pressure mixing device 2, the slow application device 3 and the spraying device 4 are all arranged in the box body 15, the control device 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the box body 15, a shielding plate 1501 is arranged above the control device 5, one end of the shielding plate 1501 is fixed on the box body 15, and the other end of the shielding plate 1501 extends outwards horizontally. The box body is provided with a shielding plate, user keys, a wiring terminal strip, a display screen and an external equipment junction box, and the control device receives input parameters and input various detection sensor signals, performs calculation decision and outputs control signals of various electromagnetic valves and proportional valves. Inputting a control device through a wiring terminal row at the lower part of a user keyboard area; meanwhile, the shielding plate is designed to protect the display screen from water droplet splashing and sunlight irradiation, and the display screen can display various interactive information in real time.
The invention also provides a fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
S1, forming a standard nutrient solution fertilization formula under a fish and vegetable symbiotic mode by the control device according to the variety and planting time input by a user, comprehensively correcting the standard nutrient solution fertilization formula according to the soilless culture circulating water sample analyzed and collected by the water quality detection device, the plant growth vigor analyzed by the plant growth vigor detection device and the result obtained by analyzing the air environment parameters by the air environment detection device, and determining a fertilization mode according to the crop growth stage and the nutrient solution supplement element type;
the fertilization mode comprises pipeline injection fertilization and foliar atomization spraying fertilization, namely, the pipeline injection fertilization mode is only adopted in the early growth stage and the mature stage of the crops, and the pipeline injection fertilization mode and the foliar atomization spraying facility fertilizer mode are simultaneously adopted in the vigorous stage; supplying macroelement nutrient solution in a pipeline injection fertilization mode, and supplying microelement nutrient solution in a leaf surface atomization spraying fertilization mode;
S2, when the pipeline injection fertilization mode is determined, one nutrient solution stock solution of the nutrient solution stock solutions selected by the corrected fertilization formula is quantitatively and automatically flowed into the first pipeline from the storage tank, then flows into the pressure mixing device for pressurization, the controller detects the real-time flow of the soilless culture circulating water entering the circulating water pipeline according to the flow sensor in the circulating water pipeline, the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device is controlled by a proportional valve to be introduced into a circulating water pipeline at a matched rate, the nutrient solution stock solution in the circulating water pipeline and the soilless culture circulating water form mixed nutrient solution, the mixed nutrient solution flows out to fertilize the root system of the plant, after the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device is emptied, supplementing the next nutrient solution stock solution into soilless culture circulating water according to the mode until all selected nutrient solution stock solutions are gradually applied one by one, and finally adjusting the pH value of the soilless culture circulating water to be maintained at neutral;
The slow application process of pipeline injection fertilization is to mix each selected nutrient solution stock solution into soilless culture circulating water for application, the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device flows out to plants along with the continuous mass outflow of soilless culture circulating water in a circulating water pipeline, meanwhile, the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device flows out in the soilless culture circulating water, the other nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device enters the pressure mixing device again, and the next slow application is carried out according to the mode, namely, the mixed nutrient solution for single fertilization only contains one selected nutrient solution stock solution, the problem that when a plurality of nutrient solutions are simultaneously placed into the soilless culture circulating water to form the mixed nutrient solution, individual elements or ions are easy to generate interference conflict to form sediment, so that the fertilizer nutrient element supplement is invalid is avoided, and for plants in a soilless culture mode of fish-vegetable symbiosis, only a certain nutrient solution containing a plurality of elements is possibly required in the growth process, therefore, the pipeline injection fertilization mode can effectively improve the fertilization efficiency and save the fertilization cost.
When a leaf surface atomization spraying mode is selected, the nutrient solution stock solution selected by the corrected fertilization formula quantitatively flows into the first pipeline from the storage tank and then flows into the pressure mixing device for pressurization and mixing, the control device controls the nutrient solution stock solution mixed in the pressure mixing device to be applied into the spray mixing chamber at a matching rate through the proportional valve according to the water inlet flow of soilless culture circulating water in the spray mixing chamber, the nutrient solution stock solution and the soilless culture circulating water are mixed and diluted to form mixed nutrient solution, and meanwhile, the pH value of the mixed nutrient solution is adjusted to be maintained at neutral; the atomized mixed nutrient solution is pressed out by a booster pump in the spray mixing chamber, and the back of the leaf surface of the plant is fertilized through an atomization external port.
The water quality detection device is taken once per cycle according to circulation of a circulating water pipeline, standing measurement is carried out for 5-10 minutes, and then the water is discharged through a drain valve or flows into a spray mixing device for recycling, the air environment detection device detects once every 10 minutes, when the temperature is too low, a vibration plate is triggered to vibrate a storage tank to avoid the precipitation of a nutrient solution stock solution, and the plant growth detection device detects once per day; if the modified fertilization formula comprises calcium fertilizers and magnesium fertilizers, the original liquid of the nutrient solution containing sulfate and phosphate is avoided from being mixed with fertilizers or fertilized, and if the original liquid conflicts with the original liquid of the nutrient solution containing sulfate and phosphate, the calcium fertilizers and the magnesium fertilizers are supplemented after 12-24 hours. Because of the deposition of sulfate and phosphate of calcium and magnesium ions, the corrected fertilizer application formula is calcium and magnesium fertilizer, and the simultaneous fertilizer mixing or fertilizer application of the sulfate and phosphate nutrient solution stock solution is avoided, for example, the calcium and magnesium fertilizer is supplemented after 12-24 hours after mutual conflict.
in conclusion, soilless culture circulating water is introduced into both the slow application device and the spraying device of the fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system, nutrient solution in the stock solution storage device flows into the slow application device and the spraying device after being pressurized by the pressure mixing device, secondary fertilizer supplement is carried out on the original soilless culture circulating water to meet the content requirement of macroelements and microelements required by plant growth in the mixed nutrient solution, the control device controls the electromagnetic valve and the first proportional valve to realize the adjustment of the flow rate of the nutrient solution introduced into the slow application device and the spraying device in the stock solution storage device, meanwhile, the slow application device is used for a pipeline injection fertilization mode, and the spraying device is used for a leaf surface atomization spray fertilization mode, so that only the slow application device is started to fertilize in the initial growth stage and the mature stage of crops, the slow application device and the spraying device are simultaneously started in the vigorous stage, and the slow application device is started by supplementing the macroelement nutrient solution, the invention discloses a start-up spraying device for supplying microelement nutrient solution, which focuses on cost control and multifunctional development design, utilizes a control device to calculate flow parameters of a stock solution storage device to a pressure mixing device, a pressure mixing device to a slow application device and a spraying device through an electromagnetic valve and a first proportional valve, forms a standard nutrient solution fertilization formula under a fish-vegetable symbiotic mode, comprehensively corrects the formula according to plant varieties, growth vigor, water quality and air environment parameters, determines a fertilization mode according to a crop growth stage and a nutrient solution element supplying type, realizes accurate and efficient fertilization and fertilizer supplying, has the characteristics of efficiently utilizing fertilizer, remarkably improving the yield and quality of vegetables, shortening the growth time of the vegetables, reducing labor intensity and the like, achieves intelligent and accurate water and fertilizer management and adjustment, feeds back the current soilless culture water and fertilizer integrated management to real time, and plays a role in accurate correction and more efficient adjustment, the method has a promoting effect on future facility precision agriculture and fish and vegetable symbiotic industry, and meets the requirements of saving, increasing efficiency and ecological environment protection development.
finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a fish and vegetable intergrowth liquid manure processing system which characterized in that: the system comprises a stock solution storage device, a pressure mixing device, a slow application device, a spraying device and a control device, wherein the stock solution storage device is connected with a feed inlet of the pressure mixing device through a first pipeline, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first pipeline, the slow application device and the spraying device are respectively connected with two discharge outlets of the pressure mixing device through pipelines, a first proportional valve is arranged on the pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve and the first proportional valve are both connected with the control device; the slow application device comprises a circulating water pipeline, a flow detector is arranged in the circulating water pipeline, a filter screen is arranged at a water inlet port of the circulating water pipeline, and the flow detector is connected with the control device; the spraying device comprises a spraying mixing chamber, a booster pump is arranged in the spraying mixing chamber, and the booster pump is communicated with the outside through an atomizing external interface; the stock solution storage device comprises a vibration plate and a plurality of storage tanks, wherein a plurality of holes are formed in the vibration plate, each storage tank corresponds to one hole and is fixed in the hole, a feed inlet is formed in the top of each storage tank, the first pipeline comprises a collecting pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, one end of each branch pipe is connected with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the corresponding storage tank, the other end of each branch pipe is connected with the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe is connected with the pressure mixing device, and each branch pipe is provided with one electromagnetic valve; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
The control device forms a standard nutrient solution fertilization formula under a fish and vegetable symbiotic mode according to the variety and planting time input by a user, comprehensively corrects the standard nutrient solution fertilization formula according to a soilless culture circulating water sample analyzed and collected by the water quality detection device, the plant growth vigor analyzed by the plant growth vigor detection device and the result obtained by analyzing air environment parameters by the air environment detection device, and determines a fertilization mode according to the crop growth stage and the nutrient solution supplementing element type;
When the pipeline injection fertilization mode is determined, one nutrient solution stock solution of the nutrient solution stock solutions selected by the corrected fertilization formula is quantitatively and automatically flowed into the first pipeline from the storage tank, then flows into the pressure mixing device for pressurization, the control device detects the real-time flow of the soilless culture circulating water entering the circulating water pipeline according to the flow sensor in the circulating water pipeline, the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device is controlled by the first proportional valve to be introduced into the circulating water pipeline at a matched rate, the nutrient solution stock solution in the circulating water pipeline and the soilless culture circulating water form mixed nutrient solution, the mixed nutrient solution flows out to fertilize the root system of the plant, after the nutrient solution stock solution in the pressure mixing device is empty, supplementing the next nutrient solution stock solution into soilless culture circulating water according to the mode until all selected nutrient solution stock solutions are gradually applied one by one, and finally adjusting the pH value of the soilless culture circulating water to be maintained at neutral;
When a leaf surface atomization spraying mode is selected, the nutrient solution stock solution selected by the corrected fertilization formula flows automatically into the first pipeline from the storage tank quantitatively and then flows into the pressure mixing device for pressurization and mixing, the control device controls the nutrient solution stock solution mixed in the pressure mixing device to be applied into the spray mixing chamber at a matching rate through the first proportional valve according to the water inlet flow of soilless culture circulating water in the spray mixing chamber, the nutrient solution stock solution is mixed and diluted with the soilless culture circulating water to form mixed nutrient solution, and meanwhile, the pH value of the mixed nutrient solution is adjusted to be maintained at neutral; the atomized mixed nutrient solution is pressed out by a booster pump in the spray mixing chamber, and the back of the leaf surface of the plant is fertilized through an atomization external port.
2. The fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: still include water quality testing device, water quality testing device including detect the room with set up in detect indoor multi-parameter water quality sensor, multi-parameter water quality sensor with controlling means connects, the water inlet that detects the room with slowly exert the device and connect, the delivery port that detects the room pass through the second pipeline with spraying device connects, be close to on the second pipeline spraying device's one end is equipped with the second proportional valve, just the second proportional valve with detect between the room be equipped with the blowoff valve on the second pipeline.
3. The fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure mixing device comprises a mixing chamber, and a supercharger is arranged in the mixing chamber.
4. the fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: still include air circumstance detection device and plant growth detection device, air circumstance detection device with plant growth detection device all with controlling means connects, just air circumstance detection device includes plant growth environment sensor and is close to the temperature and humidity sensor that the holding vessel set up.
5. the fish and vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: still include the box, stoste storage device pressure mixing arrangement slowly exert the device with spraying device all set up in the box, controlling means set up in on the box outer wall, just the controlling means top is equipped with the shielding plate, shielding plate one end is fixed in on the box, other end level outwards stretches out.
6. The fish-vegetable symbiotic water and fertilizer treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the water quality detection device is taken once per cycle according to the circulation of a circulating water pipeline, the water quality detection device is statically placed for 5-10 minutes and then is discharged through a drain valve or flows into a spray mixing device for recycling, the air environment detection device detects once per 10 minutes, when the temperature is too low, a vibration plate is triggered to vibrate a storage tank to avoid the precipitation of a nutrient solution stock solution, and the plant growth detection device detects once per day; if the modified fertilization formula comprises calcium fertilizers and magnesium fertilizers, the original liquid of the nutrient solution containing sulfate and phosphate is avoided from being mixed with fertilizers or fertilized, and if the original liquid conflicts with the original liquid of the nutrient solution containing sulfate and phosphate, the calcium fertilizers and the magnesium fertilizers are supplemented after 12-24 hours.
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| CN107980574A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-04 | 深圳春沐源控股有限公司 | The preparation method and device of nutrient solution |
| CN111602620A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-01 | 宁夏丹辰科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional combined movable fish and vegetable symbiotic system |
| CN111990235A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-27 | 张金东 | Ornamental flowers are with soilless cultivation device |
| CN114097387B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-07-25 | 镇江市彩林生态农业观光有限公司 | Nutrient collocation device for ecological restoration deep water lotus cultivation |
| CN116982503B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-12-15 | 潍坊市农业科学院(山东省农业科学院潍坊市分院) | Intelligent wheat breeding equipment |
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| CN2669560Y (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-01-12 | 中国农业大学 | Ground irrigating fine fertilizer |
| CN2807765Y (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-08-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | Nutrient solution automatic circulating device |
| CN102132669A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-07-27 | 石河子大学 | Accurate drip irrigation and fertilization system |
| CN203761830U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-08-13 | 南京农业大学 | Intelligent greenhouse soilless cultivation fertilizer water irrigation system |
| CN103999812B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2017-01-11 | 梁振成 | Fish-vegetable symbiotic integration system |
| CN104221982B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-05-04 | 中国农业大学 | Fish dish edible mushroom cogeneration system in greenhouse |
| CN104798522B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏大学 | The sterilization integrated assay device of a kind of irrigation |
| CN205756020U (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-12-07 | 昆明燕庄农业科技有限公司 | A kind of water and fertilizer irrigation system for booth |
| CN106385929A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 湖南文理学院 | Automatic nutrient solution supply system and method for soil of plants |
| CN106332593A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-01-18 | 福建省农业科学院科技干部培训中心 | Integrated water and fertilizer applicator and control method thereof |
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