CN107155770A - A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155770A CN107155770A CN201710384919.9A CN201710384919A CN107155770A CN 107155770 A CN107155770 A CN 107155770A CN 201710384919 A CN201710384919 A CN 201710384919A CN 107155770 A CN107155770 A CN 107155770A
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- cuttage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media, including：The steps such as nursery selection, site preparation, scion, cuttage, final-period management.The present invention is strictly controlled the selection at cuttage branch position, cutting time, humidity, moisture content etc., it is ensured that the survival rate of cuttage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media.
Background technology
Taxus x media（Taxusmedia）It is the natural hybrid species that the U.S. was found in 1918, its female parent is east
Taxus cuspidata（T.cuspidata）, male parent is european yew（T.baccata）.Thereafter, selected by various regions artificial hybridization
More than 10 Taxus x media strain.The TaxusmediaCVHicksii kinds wherein selected by HenrgHicksii, are mesh
The most kind of many national artificial cultivation quantity such as the preceding U.S., Canada.China introduced the kind in 1996.The U.S. is gracefully
Sub- Chinese yew has the title of " plant gold ".
Taxus x media branch, leaf, root can extract cancer therapy drug " taxol ", and content is in 0.03-0.06%." Japanese yew
Alcohol " have fabulous antitumaous effect, through clinical experiments have proved that taxol to advanced ovarian cancer, breast cancer, cancer of the esophagus, nasopharyngeal carcinoma,
Carcinoma of urinary bladder, lymph cancer, prostate cancer, malignant mela noma and H/N tumors, on the gastrointestinal tract cancer, cellule type and non-cellule type
The kinds cancers such as lung cancer are all effective in cure, with unique antitumor mechanism and significant function of tumor inhibition, are current international cities
After the organic cancer therapy drug of new type natural most popular on field, the complication and bypass surgery to treating various diseases anti-inflammatory and
Artery sclerosis has special efficacy.
By annual output 750kg/hm2Dry raw material is calculated, extractable taxol about 10g, and taxol is high value added product, warp
Benefit of helping is very considerable.In addition, Taxus x media is tree-like attractive in appearance, really take on a red color, great sight, and to adaptive capacity to environment
By force, afforestation and indoor pot seeds can be used as.Therefore seeds exploitation has very vast potential for future development.
The content of the invention
Compared to other Chinese yew, taxol content highest in Taxus x media, but its content is still very low how
Increase the content of taxol has important effect to improving yield.Applicants have found that, rational cuttage and seedling culture method can
To improve Taxus x media content of taxol.
To achieve these goals, the present invention in fact provides following technical scheme：
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media, comprises the following steps：
1）Nursery is selected：Cuttage garden preferably selects 300~500m of height above sea level regions, and soil is that irrigation and drainage are good, loosing soil, fertile, sand
Matter loam；
2）Site preparation：The cuttage previous moon ploughs deeply soil, breaks up the clods, peace and quiet tree root, debris, and smooth bed surface builds bed；
3）Fringe bar is gathered：Select Taxus x media major branch or branch shearing as cuttage fringe bar, the fringe bar under adopting should be protected in time
It is wet；Fringe bar is preferably with adopting, with system, with inserting, and the same day inserts endless fringe bar should be upright In Shade；
It is prepared by cuttings：Cuttage fringe bar is prepared by the program of " selecting fringe → segmentation → angular cut ", cuttings length is controlled in 12~15 ㎝；
Cuttings processing：Fringe bar after shearing is stood in taking root liquid and soaked, nursery is inserted into；
4）Cuttage：Cuttings embedded depth is 4~5 ㎝, and row, spacing in the rows press the equidistant cuttages of 6~8 ㎝, every square metre of control 150~
250 plants；
5）Shelter from heat or light moisturizing：Shade after inserting, bed surface answers moisturizing；Water or spray and answer timely and appropriate discovery, preferably keep product after ground moistening, rain
Water should be excluded immediately；
Topdress：Start to topdress after cuttage rooting, whole year preferably applies composite fertilizer 2 times, and amount of application is 2200kg/hm2Left and right.
Weeding：According to " except it is early, except it is small, except " principle, the weeds in nursery should be removed in time, because cuttings is taken away in weeding
Surrounding soil will carry out earthing compacting in time.
6）Emerge.
Further, step 2）In, build a 25~30cm of the height of bed, 90~100cm of bedside, the high 30~40cm of pavement.
Further, step 3）In, the cuttage fringe bar be selected from lignifying, at shearing diameter up to the graceful of 0.5~1.0cm
Ground Asia Chinese yew major branch or branch.
Further, step 3）In, the fringe bar bundling after shearing is stood in 5 ㎝ or so taking root liquid immersion 20~
30min, is inserted into nursery；
Further, in step 4）Before cuttage 5~7d with carbendazim dilution spray slotting machine, dilution consumption be 3000~
3750kg/hm2。
Further, the carbendazim dilution refers to 800 times of liquid of mass concentration 0.3~0.5%.
Further, step 4）In, cutting time is 9~October of autumn sowing, and the spring inserts for 3~April.
Further, step 5）In, relative air humidity reaches more than 75% in seedbed.
Further, step 5）In, contained N, P, K mass ratio is 20 in the composite fertilizer：10：10.
Further, step 5）In, whole year, which applies fertilizer 2 times, to be referred to：March to April topdresses for the first time, and June to July chases after for the second time
Fertilizer.
Further, the topdressing amount that the first time topdresses is 60% topdressed whole year；The topdressing amount topdressed for the second time is complete
40% topdressed in year.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
The fringe bar processing of Taxus x media and cutting time have a significant impact to the planting percent of cuttage, and the present invention is to cuttage branch
Selection, cutting time, humidity, the moisture content at position etc. are strictly controlled, it is ensured that the survival rate of cuttage.The inventive method letter
Single, strong operability causes that the seedling quality of Taxus x media is high using this kind of method, the content for raising taxol lays base
Plinth, the content of statistics taxol can increase 0.005-0.01% or so after later stage plantation.
Embodiment
The embodiment of form, remakes further specifically to the above of the invention by the following examples
It is bright, but this should not be interpreted as to the scope of above-mentioned theme of the invention be only limitted to following example, it is all based on the present invention it is above-mentioned in
Hold realized technology and belong to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media, comprises the following steps：
1）Nursery is selected：Cuttage garden preferably selects 300~500m of height above sea level regions, and soil is that irrigation and drainage are good, loosing soil, fertile, sand
Matter loam；
2）Site preparation：The cuttage previous moon ploughs deeply soil, breaks up the clods, peace and quiet tree root, debris, and smooth bed surface builds bed, builds a height of bed
25cm, bedside 90cm, the high 30cm of pavement；
3）Fringe bar is gathered：Diameter reaches 0.5cm Taxus x media major branch or branch at lignifying, shearing, under adopting
Fringe bar answers timely moisturizing；Fringe bar is preferably with adopting, with system, with inserting, and the same day inserts endless fringe bar should be upright In Shade；
It is prepared by cuttings：Cuttage fringe bar is prepared by the program of " selecting fringe → segmentation → angular cut ", cuttings length is controlled in 12 ㎝；
Cuttings processing：Fringe bar bundling after shearing is stood in 5 ㎝ or so taking root liquid and soaks 20min, nursery is inserted into；
4）Cuttage：Cuttings embedded depth is 4 ㎝, and row, spacing in the rows press the equidistant cuttages of 6~8 ㎝, and every square metre of control is in 150 plants, autumn
September~October is inserted, the spring inserts March in~April；5d sprays slotting machine, dilution with the carbendazim dilution of mass concentration 0.3% before cuttage
Consumption is 3000kg/hm2；
5）Managed after cuttage：Shading net is first carried out before shade or cuttage immediately after inserting, bed surface answers moisturizing；Watering or spray should be in good time
In right amount, relative air humidity in ground moistening, seedbed is preferably kept to reach more than 75%.Ponding should be excluded immediately after rain；Cuttage rooting
After start to topdress, whole year preferably apply composite fertilizer（N:P:K is 20：10：10）2 times, amount of application is 2200kg/hm2 or so.March is to 4
The moon topdresses for the first time, and topdressing amount is 60% topdressed whole year；June to July topdresses for the second time, and topdressing amount is 40% topdressed whole year；
According to " except it is early, except it is small, except " principle, the weeds in nursery should be removed in time, because weeding take away cuttings surrounding soil will and
Shi Jinhang earthing is compacted.
6）Emerge.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media, comprises the following steps：
1）Nursery is selected：Cuttage garden preferably selects 300~500m of height above sea level regions, and soil is that irrigation and drainage are good, loosing soil, fertile, sand
Matter loam；
2）Site preparation：The cuttage previous moon ploughs deeply soil, breaks up the clods, peace and quiet tree root, debris, and smooth bed surface builds bed, builds a height of bed
25cm, bedside 95cm, the high 35cm of pavement；
3）Fringe bar is gathered：Diameter reaches 0.8cm Taxus x media major branch or branch at lignifying, shearing, under adopting
Fringe bar answers timely moisturizing；Fringe bar is preferably with adopting, with system, with inserting, and the same day inserts endless fringe bar should be upright In Shade；
It is prepared by cuttings：Cuttage fringe bar is prepared by the program of " selecting fringe → segmentation → angular cut ", cuttings length is controlled in 14 ㎝；
Cuttings processing：Fringe bar bundling after shearing is stood in 5 ㎝ or so taking root liquid and soaks 25min, nursery is inserted into；
4）Cuttage：Cuttings embedded depth is 4~5 ㎝, and row, spacing in the rows press the equidistant cuttages of 6~8 ㎝, and every square metre of control is 200
Strain, autumn sowing September~October, the spring inserts March in~April；6d sprays slotting machine with the carbendazim dilution of mass concentration 0.4% before cuttage, dilute
Liquid consumption is released for 3500kg/hm2；
5）Managed after cuttage：Shading net is first carried out before shade or cuttage immediately after inserting, bed surface answers moisturizing；Watering or spray should be in good time
In right amount, relative air humidity in ground moistening, seedbed is preferably kept to reach more than 75%.Ponding should be excluded immediately after rain；Cuttage rooting
After start to topdress, whole year preferably apply composite fertilizer（N:P:K is 20：10：10）2 times, amount of application is 2400kg/hm2Left and right.March is to 4
The moon topdresses for the first time, and topdressing amount is 60% topdressed whole year；June to July topdresses for the second time, and topdressing amount is 40% topdressed whole year；
According to " except it is early, except it is small, except " principle, the weeds in nursery should be removed in time, because weeding take away cuttings surrounding soil will and
Shi Jinhang earthing is compacted.
6）Emerge.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media, comprises the following steps：
1）Nursery is selected：Cuttage garden preferably selects 300~500m of height above sea level regions, and soil is that irrigation and drainage are good, loosing soil, fertile, sand
Matter loam；
2）Site preparation：The cuttage previous moon ploughs deeply soil, breaks up the clods, peace and quiet tree root, debris, and smooth bed surface builds bed, builds a height of bed
30cm, bedside 100cm, the high 40cm of pavement；
3）Fringe bar is gathered：Diameter reaches 1.0cm Taxus x media major branch or branch at lignifying, shearing, under adopting
Fringe bar answers timely moisturizing；Fringe bar is preferably with adopting, with system, with inserting, and the same day inserts endless fringe bar should be upright In Shade；
It is prepared by cuttings：Cuttage fringe bar is prepared by the program of " selecting fringe → segmentation → angular cut ", cuttings length is controlled in 15 ㎝；
Cuttings processing：Fringe bar bundling after shearing is stood in 5 ㎝ or so taking root liquid and soaks 30min, nursery is inserted into；
4）Cuttage：Cuttings embedded depth is 5 ㎝, and row, spacing in the rows press the equidistant cuttages of 8 ㎝, and every square metre of control is in 250 plants, autumn sowing 9
The moon~October, the spring inserts March in~April；7d sprays slotting machine, dilution consumption with the carbendazim dilution of mass concentration 0.5% before cuttage
For 3750kg/hm2；
5）Managed after cuttage：Shading net is first carried out before shade or cuttage immediately after inserting, bed surface answers moisturizing；Watering or spray should be in good time
In right amount, relative air humidity in ground moistening, seedbed is preferably kept to reach more than 75%.Ponding should be excluded immediately after rain；Cuttage rooting
After start to topdress, whole year preferably apply composite fertilizer（N:P:K is 20：10：10）2 times, amount of application is 2200kg/hm2Left and right.March is to 4
The moon topdresses for the first time, and topdressing amount is 60% topdressed whole year；June to July topdresses for the second time, and topdressing amount is 40% topdressed whole year；
According to " except it is early, except it is small, except " principle, the weeds in nursery should be removed in time, because weeding take away cuttings surrounding soil will and
Shi Jinhang earthing is compacted.
6）Emerge.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for explanatory embodiment of the invention, but above-described embodiment is only this
Invention preferably one of embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, it should be appreciated that this area
Technical staff can be designed that a lot of other modification and embodiment, and these modifications and embodiment will fall in disclosure
Spirit and spirit within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Nursery is selected：Cuttage garden preferably selects 300~500m of height above sea level regions, and soil is that irrigation and drainage are good, loosing soil, fertile, sand
Matter loam；
2）Site preparation：The cuttage previous moon ploughs deeply soil, breaks up the clods, peace and quiet tree root, debris, and smooth bed surface builds bed；
3）Fringe bar is gathered：Select Taxus x media major branch or branch shearing as cuttage fringe bar, the fringe bar under adopting should be protected in time
It is wet；Fringe bar is preferably with adopting, with system, with inserting, and the same day inserts endless fringe bar should be upright In Shade；
It is prepared by cuttings：Cuttage fringe bar is prepared by the program of " selecting fringe → segmentation → angular cut ", cuttings length is controlled in 12~15 ㎝；
Cuttings processing：Fringe bar after shearing is stood in taking root liquid and soaked, nursery is inserted into；
4）Cuttage：Cuttings embedded depth is 4~5 ㎝, and row, spacing in the rows press the equidistant cuttages of 6~8 ㎝, every square metre of control 150~
250 plants；
5）Shelter from heat or light moisturizing：Shade after inserting, bed surface answers moisturizing；Water or spray and answer timely and appropriate discovery, preferably keep product after ground moistening, rain
Water should be excluded immediately；
Topdress：Start to topdress after cuttage rooting, whole year preferably applies composite fertilizer 2 times, and amount of application is 2200kg/hm2Left and right；
Weeding：According to " except it is early, except it is small, except " principle, the weeds in nursery should be removed in time, because weeding is taken away around cuttings
Soil will carry out earthing compacting in time；
6）Emerge.
2. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In, build bed bed
High 25~30cm, 90~100cm of bedside, the high 30~40cm of pavement.
3. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）In, the skewer
The cuttings bar Taxus x media major branch or branch of diameter up to 0.5~1.0cm at lignifying, shearing.
4. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）In, it will shear
Fringe bar bundling afterwards, which is stood in 5 ㎝ or so taking root liquid, soaks 20~30min, is inserted into nursery.
5. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 4）5 before cuttage
~7d sprays slotting machine with carbendazim dilution, and dilution consumption is 3000~3750kg/hm2。
6. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The carbendazim dilution
Refer to 800 times of liquid of mass concentration 0.3~0.5%.
7. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4）In, during cuttage
Between to insert for 3~April in 9~October of autumn sowing, spring.
8. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5）In, in seedbed
Relative air humidity reaches more than 75%.
9. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5）In, it is described multiple
Contained N, P, K mass ratio is 20 in Hefei：10：10.
10. the cuttage and seedling culture method of Taxus x media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5）In, whole year applies
Fertilizer refers to for 2 times：March to April topdresses for the first time, and topdressing amount is 60% topdressed whole year；June to July topdresses for the second time, topdressing amount
For whole year topdress 40%.
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