CN107146915B - A kind of preparation method of porous bismuth-carbon composite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of porous bismuth-carbon composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN107146915B CN107146915B CN201710227930.4A CN201710227930A CN107146915B CN 107146915 B CN107146915 B CN 107146915B CN 201710227930 A CN201710227930 A CN 201710227930A CN 107146915 B CN107146915 B CN 107146915B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0416—Methods of deposition of the material involving impregnation with a solution, dispersion, paste or dry powder
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of porous bismuth-carbon composite, include the following steps: that polyacrylonitrile is dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide by S1., and bismuth salt is then added, and form sol precursor;S2. carbon cloth is immersed in S1 in sol precursor, heating, drying;S3. the carbon cloth for passing through heating, drying in S2 is impregnated in potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution, dries, porous bismuth-carbon composite is obtained after calcining;Sol precursor of the present invention be bismuth salt, polyacrylonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide uniform and stable dispersion, by carbon cloth form a film calcining obtain porous bismuth-carbon composite.Operation of the present invention is simple, consumes energy low, and raw material sources are wide, low in cost, is easily mass produced.Flexibility cathode obtained is not necessarily to outer adding additives, conductive agent and metal collector, and has high carrying capacity, high-capacitance, excellent high rate performance and preferable cyclical stability advantage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy storage material technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of preparation side of porous bismuth-carbon composite
Method.
Background technique
The energy is the important foundation resource of human social development.But due to the world energy sources resource place of production and energy-consuming center
It is apart from each other, in particular with the development of world economy, the continuous improvement of the sharp increase of world population and living standards of the people, the world
Demand for energy persistently increases, and thus causes to be growing more intense to the contention of energy resources, environmental pollution exacerbation and environmental protection pressure add
Greatly.Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop energy-storage system efficiently to utilize the energy, and can repeated charge, the adaptation of high-efficient and environment
The strong secondary cell of property is then the important research direction of energy storage technology.
Water system battery is the secondary cell using aqueous solution as electrolyte, and it is high that it overcomes traditional organic system battery electrolyte
Expensive, toxic, inflammable, the disadvantages of ionic conductivity is low, cost of manufacture is high, become most potential after wind energy, solar energy
One of green energy resource.Therefore, water system battery has important application prospect in the extensive energy storage field of power grid rank.With material
The development of material technology, demand of the people to novel high-performance electrode material increasingly improve, and there is an urgent need to high performance by finding
Energy storage material is to improve the performance of water system battery, to meet the needs of industry and life.
Although to the positive electrode of water system battery there are many progress, negative electrode material is seldom studied, and
It is high-performance cathode with development potential since bismuthino material has good electric conductivity and suitable negative potential operation interval
Material.Bismuthino compound is used extensively because its low cost, hypotoxicity, height lead oxygen, good photocatalysis and dielectric properties
Make catalyst, optical material, gas sensor etc..However bismuthino material is seldom in the application study of energy storage field at present, at present
Almost without the application study about bismuth-carbon composite in water system battery.Therefore, develop one kind be simple and efficient, consume energy it is low
Bismuth-carbon composite preparation method and improve the energy-storage property of bismuthino material and be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of high carrying capacity, high-capacitance, excellent high rate performance and preferable cyclical stability it is porous
Bismuth-carbon composite preparation method, while being related to composite material and its preparing water system that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared
Application in battery.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of porous bismuth-carbon composite, include the following steps:
S1. polyacrylonitrile is dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide, bismuth salt is then added, form sol precursor;
S2. carbon cloth is immersed in S1 in sol precursor, heating, drying;
S3. the carbon cloth for passing through heating, drying in S2 is impregnated in potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution, dries, is obtained after calcining more
Hole bismuth-carbon composite;
(50~400) mmol L- is added in every gram of polyacrylonitrile in S11Bismuth salt;Every 10ml dimethyl sulfoxide is added 0.5~
1.5g polyacrylonitrile;The temperature of calcining is 600~800 DEG C, in potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution, the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 0~
6mol L-1。
Preferably, the bismuth salt is five nitric hydrate bismuths.
Preferably, the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 6mol L- in potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution1。
Preferably, 200mmol L- is added in every gram of polyacrylonitrile in S11Bismuth salt;It is poly- that 1g is added in every 10ml dimethyl sulfoxide
Acrylonitrile.
Preferably, calcining is to be fired to 700 DEG C under nitrogen atmosphere and keep the temperature 1 hour in S3.
Preferably, for carbon cloth through over cleaning before using, cleaning method is successively to go from water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, deionized water
Middle ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes, then 60 DEG C of drying.
The present invention protects obtained porous bismuth-carbon composite of above-mentioned preparation method preparation simultaneously.
The present invention also protects application of the porous bismuth-carbon composite in preparation water system battery.
Further, negative electrode material of the porous bismuth-carbon composite as water system battery.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
Preparation method provided by the invention is easy to operate, and raw material simplicity easily takes, and low in cost, low energy consumption, it is easy to accomplish, system
Standby obtained porous bismuth-carbon composite and flexible negative electrode material is without outer adding additives, conductive agent and metal collector, specific surface area
Height, electric conductivity is excellent, has high capacity and excellent high rate performance, with the negative electrode materials phase such as mature commercial graphite electrode
Than energy-storage property is significantly increased.This material is prepared by simple directly impregnate with the method for calcining, can large area synthesize and wide
It is general to be applied to industrial production, high performance negative electrode material is provided for current water system battery, has great application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
(a) is high magnification scanning electron microscope (SEM) picture of porous bismuth-carbon composite in embodiment 1 in Fig. 1, (b) is real
Apply porous bismuth in example 1-carbon composite low range scanning electron microscope (SEM) picture.
Fig. 2 is X-ray diffraction (XRD) figure of porous bismuth-carbon composite of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is cyclic voltammetry curve of the porous bismuth-carbon composite of embodiment 1 in 6M KOH solution under 100mV/s
(CV)。
Fig. 4 is specific discharge capacity of the porous bismuth-carbon composite of embodiment 1 under different current densities.
Fig. 5 is the cycle life curve of porous bismuth-carbon composite of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, but embodiment the present invention is not done it is any
The restriction of form.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses reagent, method and apparatus is the art conventional reagents, method
And equipment.
Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same and material of the present invention are commercially available.
Embodiment 1:
Porous bismuth-carbon composite is realized by high temperature sintering.The step of synthetic method, is as follows:
(a) carbon cloth (2cm × 3cm) is successively going to be cleaned by ultrasonic respectively from water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, deionized water 10 minutes, so
It is dried for standby for 60 DEG C afterwards.
(b) 1g polyacrylonitrile is dispersed with stirring under the conditions of 90 DEG C of oil baths formed in 10mL dimethyl sulfoxide it is colorless and transparent
Colloidal sol is added five nitric hydrate bismuth of 970.1mg (concentration is 200mmol L-1), continues stirring until being formed after being cooled to room temperature
Transparent uniform colloidal sol.
(c) in the colloidal sol by carbon cloth complete wetting prepared by step (b), after carbon cloth is placed on surface plate at 60 DEG C
Drying and natural cooling in baking oven, conductive carbon cloth surfaces form the ganoine thin film of one layer of shallow white uniformity.
(d) carbon cloth that step (c) obtains is impregnated in 30min in the 6mol L-1 potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution of 25mL, so
It is dried in 60 DEG C of baking ovens afterwards, the shallow white uniformity ganoine thin film carbon cloth of carbon cloth surfaces is converted to orange-yellow ganoine thin film;
(e) carbon cloth that step (d) obtains is placed in tube furnace, is fired to 700 DEG C under nitrogen atmosphere and heats 1 hour,
Porous bismuth-the carbon composite of target product is obtained after natural cooling.
Examples 1 to 7 conditional and the results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1: preparation condition and result in Examples 1 to 7
Bismuth-carbon composite energy homoepitaxial in carbon cloth substrate and has porous structure as can be seen from Figure 1, Fig. 2's
XRD curve shows that preparing resulting material only has two kinds of substances of bismuth with elementary and carbon.The CV curve of Fig. 3 shows this porous bismuth-carbon
The redox reaction of high reversible can occur in aqueous KOH solution for combination electrode, can be used as a kind of high performance water system electricity
Pond negative electrode material.Fig. 4 shows that this porous bismuth-carbon composite has very high discharge capacity and excellent high rate performance,
By calculating, the carrying capacity of this porous bismuth-carbon composite is 16.93mgcm-1, electric discharge quality specific capacitance is 91.64mAh g
-1, area specific capacitance is 1.55mAhcm-2, it is shown that its extremely excellent energy storage characteristic.The cycle life curve of Fig. 5 shows this more
Hole bismuth-carbon composite electrode has excellent cyclical stability, and initial capacity can be still kept after 10000 cycle charge-discharges
83%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of porous bismuth-carbon composite, which comprises the steps of:
S1. the carbon cloth of the cm of 2 cm × 3 successively is being gone to be cleaned by ultrasonic respectively 10 minutes from water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, deionized water,
Then it is dried for standby for 60 DEG C;
S2. 1 g polyacrylonitrile is dispersed with stirring under the conditions of 90 DEG C of oil baths formed in 10 mL dimethyl sulfoxides it is colorless and transparent
970.1 mg, five nitric hydrate bismuth is added in colloidal sol after being cooled to room temperature, continue stirring until forming transparent uniform colloidal sol;
S3. by carbon cloth complete wetting in the colloidal sol prepared by step S2, after carbon cloth is placed on surface plate in 60 DEG C of baking
Drying and natural cooling in case, conductive carbon cloth surfaces form the ganoine thin film of one layer of shallow white uniformity;
S4., the step S3 carbon cloth obtained is impregnated in the 6 mol L of 25 mL-130 min in potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution, then
It is dried in 60 DEG C of baking ovens, the shallow white uniformity ganoine thin film carbon cloth of carbon cloth surfaces is converted to orange-yellow ganoine thin film;
S5. the step S4 carbon cloth obtained is placed in tube furnace, is fired to 700 DEG C under nitrogen atmosphere and heats 1 hour, it is natural
Porous bismuth-the carbon composite of target product is obtained after cooling.
2. obtained porous bismuth-carbon composite of preparation method preparation described in claim 1.
3. application of the porous bismuth-carbon composite as claimed in claim 2 in preparation water system battery.
4. application according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the porous bismuth-carbon composite is as water system battery
Negative electrode material.
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CN109742327A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 西安鸿钧睿泽新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of self-supporting flexible lithium ion battery carbon cloth loaded LiFePO4 positive electrode material |
CN109909511B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-05-03 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Preparation method and application of bismuth-based hollow nano material |
CN111477864B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2022-02-22 | 山东鲁北国际新材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and application of superfine metal bismuth nano material |
CN112442892B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-02-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 | Method for catalytically hydrolyzing polyacrylonitrile material under acidic condition |
CN112349881A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-09 | 河南电池研究院有限公司 | Manufacturing method of flexible current collector-free electrode |
CN113258025B (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2023-02-28 | 西北工业大学 | Bismuth-based negative electrode for high-performance water-based battery and preparation method |
CN113130873B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 武汉科技大学 | Porous bismuth-carbon material, preparation method and application thereof |
CN114823153B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-11-03 | 华星先进科学技术应用研究(天津)有限公司 | Flexible sodium ion capacitor electrode material |
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