CN107146597B - A kind of self-service tuning system of piano and tuning method - Google Patents
A kind of self-service tuning system of piano and tuning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107146597B CN107146597B CN201610631680.6A CN201610631680A CN107146597B CN 107146597 B CN107146597 B CN 107146597B CN 201610631680 A CN201610631680 A CN 201610631680A CN 107146597 B CN107146597 B CN 107146597B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10G—REPRESENTATION OF MUSIC; RECORDING MUSIC IN NOTATION FORM; ACCESSORIES FOR MUSIC OR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. SUPPORTS
- G10G7/00—Other auxiliary devices or accessories, e.g. conductors' batons or separate holders for resin or strings
- G10G7/02—Tuning forks or like devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
- G10C9/00—Methods, tools or materials specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of musical instruments covered by this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/44—Tuning means
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of self-service tuning system of piano, the self-service tuning system of the piano uses tuner standard of the frequency values as each sound in the piano accuracy in pitch curve being automatically corrected by harmonic frequency, it is compared using the practical fundamental frequency that algorithms of different calculates with treble, middle register, bass area, tuning suggestion is provided, the self-service tuning system of the piano includes tuning selecting unit, audio collection unit, frequency analysis unit, accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit, frequency comparison unit and result output unit.The present invention provides a kind of self-service tuning mode, and prompt according to the present invention can complete the self-service tuning of piano；The present invention is directed to the different characteristics of every frame piano, it automatically generates different piano accuracy in pitch curves and carries out tuner, the tuning suggestion of professional tuner's grade is provided, the note recalled according to such method closes the relatively low anti-S types accuracy in pitch curve of cross of every higher bass of frame piano high pitch, tone color natural harmony.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of musical instrument fields, and in particular to a kind of self-service tuning system of piano and tuning method.
Background technology
Piano needs periodically to be checked by professional, adjusts inaccurate sound, usual family to keep the accuracy of qin sound
It is needed to carry out a tuning in half a year to year with piano.For a long time, tuner of the piano tone tuning dependent on profession,
It is not only expensive, inconvenient, and the quality of tuning is influenced by the level of pianist, and hearing is preeminent after all, musical quality
High outstanding piano tuner's quantity is seldom.
Current existing piano automatic tuning instrument, expensive and device is complicated, poor practicability.Such as patent
The method of automatic tuning device for pianos and its automatic tuning that CN101807391A is mentioned, such automatic tuning device for pianos include
Piano ontology and automatic tone tuning device, piano and automatic tone tuning device are mating, cannot dismantle exclusive use.But make actual
With in the process, user has generally had purchased piano or user can select to buy oneself like, to meet user specific
The piano of demand.User is what is required is simply that a tuning device, it is impossible to mating piano is bought for automatic tone tuning device,
Poor practicability.In addition, such automatic tuning device for pianos is complicated, stepper motor, mechanical hand and speed reduction gearing are utilized
Realize automatic tuning, nobody's hand dexterity and feel, while there is certain precision to limit for tuning, in actual use
There is very big defect.Especially in the treble of piano, string is very sensitive, and one dot frequency of rotation can all have very big change.Therefore,
Practicability is poor in actual use for automatic tone tuning device.
There is also some tuning devices and systems in the market, include the feedback of tuner, many tuners according to user
All there is a problem of that detection is not accurate enough in the bass area of piano and treble, testing result can only be used as a reference, therefore,
The sound recalled according to such tuner is naturally not accurate enough.
In addition, there are following situations for piano tone tuning.One piano harmonized by professional tuner, the height of its 88 sounds
Degree not comply fully with theoretical calculation (standard frequency) as a result, but only in middle register (28C-52C) generally proximal to theory
Value, it is gradually higher upwards by 52C, it is then gradually relatively low downwards by 28C, descant, contrabass deviation up to 30 cents above and below, with
Standard frequency is not to comply fully with.However existing piano tuner be according to the standard frequency of piano as tuner standard to
Go out adjustment to suggest, although each sound of the piano sound recalled in this, as standard complies with standard frequency, tone color is stiff, lacks certainly
So harmonious U.S..Therefore, it is unreasonable to carry out tuning according to standard frequency.
High-caliber profession piano tuner it is higher to meet high pitch according to the rule of piano accuracy in pitch curve in tuning
The relatively low horizontal reversed S shape of bass carries out tuning, and the sound recalled in this way could not only meet the needs of accuracy in pitch, but also keep piano certainly
So harmonious aesthetic feeling.Accuracy in pitch curve refers to debugging the practical frequency value coordinate points average value of a certain piano according to tuner to sketch the contours of
Round and smooth curve.
Formation for accuracy in pitch curve, more extensive view are that it is the self-characteristic of tuner and each frame piano
Two kinds of factor interactions of self-characteristic in the result of temperament.Accuracy in pitch curve is studied, it be from source of sound --- the qin for understanding piano
String starts.String is exerted oneself the solid matter of elongated and submissive, the stiffness unobvious tensed, vibration depending on tension from both ends
Line.The frequency of each secondary overtone of ideal string is the integral multiple of fundamental frequency, and the piano string of practical application and non-ideal string, it submissive
Degree is insufficient, is influenced by stiffness and uniformity etc., more complicated relationship is presented between overtone frequency and fundamental frequency, there are anharmonics
Property, the i.e. slightly above integral multiple of fundamental frequency.In this way in octave extends temperament, since the pitch of hat sound is the secondary partials by root sound
(the first overtone) determines, necessarily formed it is gradually higher to treble, to the gradual relatively low accuracy in pitch curve in bass area.
In addition, keystroke also will produce influence to accuracy in pitch curve.Hammerhead hit string last influence whether string rigidity show.
It hits string and lasts short, string will be excited fully, rigidly fully be showed, and partials are fully discharged, and tone color is partially bright, and frequency is tired
Meter deviation is more exaggerated；It hits string and lasts length, then it is on the contrary.The string that hits that striking force directly affects hammerhead lasts, and undoubtedly also will
Accuracy in pitch curve is had an impact.Briefly, great dynamics keystroke then hits string and lasts shorter, and accuracy in pitch curve is slightly partially steep；It is on the contrary
Accuracy in pitch curve can be made slightly partially flat.
Based on the above, shadow of the piano accuracy in pitch curve by the self-characteristic of tuner and the self-characteristic of each frame piano
It rings, the specific frequency values in accuracy in pitch curve are not fixed.However the accuracy in pitch curve involved in existing tuning device is fixed
The curve of value can not be automatically corrected accuracy in pitch curve according to the difference of tuning piano.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of self-service tuning system of piano of present invention offer and tuning method.
The present invention is inaccurate for prior art tuning；The prior art is using theoretical pitch, that is, standard frequency as tuner mark
Standard, the sound tone color recalled is stiff, lacks U.S. of natural harmony, does not meet the relatively low anti-S types accuracy in pitch of cross of the higher bass of piano high pitch
The problem of curve；The prior art is used with the accuracy in pitch curve for determining fixed value, cannot be according to the different characteristics of each frame piano
Using different accuracy in pitch curves, the problem of accuracy in pitch curve cannot need the piano of tuning to be automatically corrected according to each frame, invention
A kind of self-service tuning system of piano and tuning method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of self-service tuning system of piano, the self-service tuning system of the piano are used and are automatically corrected by harmonic frequency
Piano accuracy in pitch curve in tuner standard of the frequency values as each sound, use different calculations from treble, middle register, bass area
The practical fundamental frequency that method calculates is compared, and provides tuning suggestion, the self-service tuning system of the piano include tuning selecting unit,
Audio collection unit, frequency analysis unit, accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit, frequency comparison unit and result output unit, wherein：Institute
The tuning selecting unit stated is used to select to carry out the note of tuning；The audio collection unit is for acquiring what piano was sent out
Audio inputs frequency analysis unit；The frequency analysis unit is used to analyze the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency of the audio,
And the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency is inputted into accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit；The accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit is used for basis
The practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency that frequency analysis unit provides corrects accuracy in pitch curve, described in corresponding in revised accuracy in pitch curve
Select the frequency of tuning note as the tuner standard of the audio；The frequency comparison unit is used for the practical base
The harmonious voice frequency of frequency is compared and is calculated with the tuner standard, and provides tuning suggestion according to result of calculation；Described
As a result output unit is for exporting tuner testing result and tuning suggestion.
The piano accuracy in pitch curve refers to the practical frequency value coordinate points average value that a certain piano is debugged according to tuner
The round and smooth curve sketched the contours of.Meet the sound that piano accuracy in pitch curve rule recalls, meets the relatively low anti-S types of cross of the higher bass of high pitch
Curve, the sound recalled in this way not only meets the needs of accuracy in pitch, but also keeps the aesthetic feeling of piano natural harmony.The piano accuracy in pitch is bent
Line is made of the corresponding pitch (i.e. frequency) of 88 keys of piano.
The bass area include on fingerboard big word group, two groups of one group of big word and big word (left side double bass starts,
11 black keys of totally 16 white keys)；The treble includes three groups of small character, four groups of small character, five groups of the small character (right side on fingerboard
Side descant starts, 10 black keys of totally 15 white keys), the middle register on fingerboard include small character group, one group of small character,
Two groups of small character (15 black keys of totally 21 white keys among treble and bass area).
Further, the self-service tuning system of piano of the invention further includes standard pronunciation broadcast unit, and the standard pronunciation is broadcast
The audio file that unit stores 88 piano single-tones is put, the tone color is played in tuning and carries out pitch comparison auxiliary tuning,
The pitch of the audio meets accuracy in pitch curve and tone color natural harmony.
Further, the tuning selecting unit is for the selection of sound area, sound group selection, musical alphabet selection, the tuning choosing
The selecting sequence for selecting unit is followed successively by the selection of sound area, sound group selection, musical alphabet selection.
Further, the sound area selects any one in bass area, middle register, treble.
Further, the sound group selection of the bass area is any one in two groups of big word, one group of big word, big word group
Kind, any one of the sound group selection of the middle register in small character group, one group of small character, two groups of small character, the treble
Any one of sound group selection in three groups of small character, four groups of small character, five groups of small character.
Further, musical alphabet selection selected from C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB, in B
Any one, the musical alphabet corresponds to roll call do respectively, re, re drops in liter do/, sol drops in liter re/ drops mi, mi, fa, liter fa/,
Sol, it rises sol/ drops la, la, rise la/ drops si, si.
The musical alphabet C corresponds to roll call do, the musical alphabet#C corresponds to roll call and rises do, the musical alphabetbD corresponds to roll call drop
Re, the musical alphabet D correspond to roll call re, the musical alphabet#D corresponds to roll call and rises re, the musical alphabetbE corresponds to roll call drop mi, institute
The musical alphabet E stated corresponds to roll call mi, the musical alphabet F and corresponds to roll call fa, the musical alphabet#F corresponds to roll call and rises fa, the musical alphabetbG corresponds to roll call drop sol, the musical alphabet G and corresponds to roll call sol, the musical alphabet#G corresponds to roll call and rises sol, the musical alphabetbA
La drops in corresponding roll call, and the musical alphabet A corresponds to roll call la, the musical alphabet#A corresponds to roll call and rises la, the musical alphabetbB correspondences are sung
Name drop si, the musical alphabet B correspond to roll call si.
In musical alphabet described in this specification#C/bD refers to two kinds of musical alphabets of the same key in same sound group,#C orbD, the two is of equal value, and pitch is identical in same sound group, the same key on corresponding fingerboard.Similarly,#D/bE、#F/bG、#
G/bA、#A/bThe musical alphabet on symbol "/" both sides refers to two kinds of musical alphabets of the same key in same sound group in B, and pitch is identical, corresponding steel
The same key on piano key board.
Liter do/ drops re in roll call described in this specification refers to two kinds of roll calls of the same key in same sound group,
Do or drop re is risen, the two is of equal value, and pitch is identical in same sound group, the same key on corresponding fingerboard.Similarly, it rises
Re/ drop mi, rise fa/ drop sol, rise sol/ drop la, rise la/ drop si in symbol "/" both sides roll call refer in same sound group it is same
Two kinds of roll calls of a key, pitch is identical, the same key on corresponding fingerboard.
Further, one group of the big word, big word group, small character group, one group of small character, two groups of small character, three groups of small character and small
Four groups of word, each sound group musical alphabet selection selected from C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB, arbitrary in B
It is a kind of；Two groups of the big word musical alphabet selection selected from A,#A/bB, any one in B；The musical alphabet of five groups of the small character selects
It selects and is selected from C.
Two groups of the big word includes 2 white keys, 1 black key since the double bass of the left side on fingerboard, from it is low to
High corresponding musical alphabet be A,#A/bB、B；One group of the big word includes that 7 on the right of two groups of big word are white on fingerboard
5 black keys of key, from it is low to high corresponding musical alphabet be C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB、B；Institute
The big word group stated includes 7 white keys, 5 black keys on the right of one group of big word on fingerboard, from low to high corresponding musical alphabet
Be C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB、B；The small character group includes big word group on fingerboard
7 white keys, 5 black keys on the right, from it is low to high corresponding musical alphabet be C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、
A、#A/bB、B；One group of the small character includes 7 white keys, 5 black keys on the right of small character group on fingerboard, from low to high score
Not corresponding musical alphabet be C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB、B；Two groups of the small character is in piano key
Include 7 white keys, 5 black keys on the right of one group of small character on disk, from it is low to high corresponding musical alphabet be C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、
E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB、B；Three groups of the small character includes 7 white keys on the right of two groups of small character on fingerboard
5 black keys, from it is low to high corresponding musical alphabet be C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB、B；It is described
Four groups of small character include 7 white keys, 5 black keys on the right of three groups of small character on fingerboard, from low to high corresponding musical alphabet
Be C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB、B；Five groups of the small character includes small character on fingerboard
1 white key (i.e. rightmost descant) on the right of in the of four groups, corresponding musical alphabet is C.
Further, the tuning selecting sequence that the tuning selecting unit uses is followed successively by the first tuning group, the second tune
Sound group, third tuning group, the 4th tuning group or the first tuning group, third tuning group, the second tuning group, the 4th tuning group, it is described
The first tuning group include one group of A of middle register small character, it is small that the tuning selecting sequence of the second tuning group is followed successively by middle register
Four groups of two groups of A of word, three groups of A of treble small character, treble small character A, the tuning selecting sequence of the third tuning group are followed successively by
Middle register small character group A, the big word group A in bass area, bass area one group of A of big word, bass area two groups of A of big word, the 4th tuning group
Including all tuning notes selection in addition to the first tuning group, the second tuning group and third tuning group.
Further, the audio collection unit utilizes the key that tuning is needed on sound transducer acquisition piano
The audio sent out.
Further, the frequency analysis unit analyzes the sound in conjunction with the time-domain information and frequency domain information of the audio
The fundamental frequency of frequency, using obtained fundamental frequency as practical fundamental frequency；The frequency domain information of the frequency analysis unit combination audio analyzes institute
State the secondary harmonic frequency of audio.
Further, the frequency analysis unit is according to the not time domain in unisonance area and frequency domain feature, in treble, middle pitch
Area, bass area use three kinds of different fundamental frequency identification methods.
Further, treble fundamental frequency identification uses harmonic spike method, identifies the reality positioned at treble audio
Border fundamental frequency.
Further, middle register fundamental frequency identification uses the method based on wavelet analysis, identifies positioned at middle register
The practical fundamental frequency of audio.
Further, the bass area fundamental frequency identification is identified using the auto-correlation algorithm of tri-level Clipping positioned at low
The practical fundamental frequency of sound area audio.
Further, the initial frequency value in the accuracy in pitch curve is the standard frequency of 88 keys of piano, and the accuracy in pitch is bent
Line amending unit corrects the frequency in accuracy in pitch curve according to tuning sequence using the second harmonic frequency after tuner, obtains being used for school
The tuner standard of sound.
Further, the accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit is selected as the sound of the first tuning group using accuracy in pitch curve for tuning
In initial frequency value as tuner standard.
The correcting mode of frequency and tuner standard are as described below in the accuracy in pitch curve：
The frequency values of the first tuning group, that is, one group of A of middle register small character are constant using initial frequency value in the accuracy in pitch curve,
Tuner is carried out as tuner standard.
The frequency correcting mode of the second each sound of tuning group and tuner standard are in the accuracy in pitch curve：
It is corrected using the second harmonic frequency of the first tuning group, that is, one group of middle register small character A after tuner corresponding in accuracy in pitch curve
The frequency of first sound of i.e. the second tuning group of next pitch (two groups of A of middle register small character), as first sound of the second tuning group (in
Two groups of A of sound area small character) tuner standard；Utilize the secondary of first sound of the second tuning group after tuner (two groups of A of middle register small character)
Harmonic frequency corrects the frequency that second sound of i.e. the second tuning group of next pitch (three groups of A of middle register small character) is corresponded in accuracy in pitch curve
Rate, the tuner standard as second sound of the second tuning group (three groups of A of middle register small character)；Utilize the second tuning group second after tuner
The second harmonic frequency of a sound (three groups of A of middle register small character) is corrected in accuracy in pitch curve and corresponds to next pitch i.e. the second tuning group third
The frequency of a sound (four groups of A of middle register small character), the tuner mark as the second tuning group third sound (four groups of A of middle register small character)
It is accurate.
The frequency correcting mode of each sound of third tuning group and tuner standard are in the accuracy in pitch curve：
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of first sound of third tuning group (middle register small character group A) be：By
The second harmonic frequency of three sounds of tuning group first (middle register small character group A) and the first tuning group (middle pitch in the accuracy in pitch curve
One group of A of area's small character) initial frequency value be compared, when the two is consistent, with first sound (middle register small character of third tuning group
Group A) fundamental frequency correct accuracy in pitch curve, the tuner standard as first sound of third tuning group (middle register small character group A)；
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of second sound of third tuning group (the big word group A in bass area) be：By
The second harmonic frequency of three sounds of tuning group second (the big word group A in bass area) corresponds to next pitch i.e. with the accuracy in pitch curve
The frequency values of three sounds of tuning group first (middle register small character group A) are compared, when the two is consistent, with third tuning group second
The fundamental frequency of a sound (the big word group A in bass area) corrects accuracy in pitch curve, as second sound of third tuning group (the big word group A in bass area)
Tuner standard；
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of the third tuning group third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) be：It will
The second harmonic frequency of third tuning group third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) corresponds to next pitch with the accuracy in pitch curve
That is the frequency values of second sound of third tuning group (the big word group A in bass area) are compared, when the two is consistent, with third tuning group
The fundamental frequency of third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) corrects accuracy in pitch curve, as third tuning group third sound (the big word in bass area
One group of A) tuner standard；
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of the 4th sound of the third tuning group (bass area two groups of A of big word) be：It will
The second harmonic frequency of the 4th sound of third tuning group (bass area two groups of A of big word) corresponds to next pitch with the accuracy in pitch curve
That is the frequency values of third tuning group third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) are compared, when the two is consistent, with third tuning
The fundamental frequency of the 4th sound (bass area two groups of A of big word) of group corrects accuracy in pitch curve, and as the 4th sound of third tuning group, (bass area is big
Two groups of A of word) tuner standard.
The frequency correcting mode of the 4th each sound of tuning group and tuner standard are in the accuracy in pitch curve：
It is flat according to 12 according to the first tuning group, the second tuning group, the revised frequency of third tuning group in accuracy in pitch curve
The mode restrained is calculated, and the frequency of the 4th each sound of tuning group in accuracy in pitch curve is corrected, as the 4th each sound of tuning group
Tuner standard.
Further, the practical fundamental frequency of the audio is compared by the frequency comparison unit with tuner standard, meter
The departure of the audio signal practical fundamental frequency and tuner standard is calculated, and tuning suggestion is provided according to departure.
Further, the departure carries symbol, and positive value indicates higher, and negative value indicates relatively low, the list of the departure
Position is cent.
Further, the departure is that just, then tuning suggestion is to adjust pine, and the departure is negative, then tuning is built
View is to tighten.
Further, the mode that the result output unit is shown and reported to tuner testing result is selected from Dynamic Graph
Picture, static text, voice broadcast any one or it is arbitrary a variety of.
Further, fixed centered on the first identifier symbol of the dynamic image, indicate the tuner of the audio signal
Standard, the second identifier symbol of dynamic image indicates the practical fundamental frequency of the audio signal, according to actual frequency and tuner standard
Departure dynamically moves, and the direction of motion of the second identifier symbol indicates the partially high/low and tuning direction of actual frequency, described
The movement speed and move distance of second identifier symbol indicate the order of magnitude of departure.
Further, the static text shows tuner standard, practical fundamental frequency, departure and the tune of the audio signal
Sound suggestion.
Further, the voice broadcast reports tuner standard, the reality of the audio signal by the way of voice
Fundamental frequency, departure and tuning suggestion, and when the departure of practical fundamental frequency and tuner standard sends out voice when determining in range
Prompt.
The present invention also provides a kind of tuning device, the tuning device includes the piano of any type form as previously described
Self-service tuning system and any one tuning specific purpose tool.The tuning specific purpose tool refers to the work for being operated on piano
Tool, including the tool that is used to open qin, twists bolt, adjustment string etc., such as spanners for attuning, only tablet, size bottle opener.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of self-service tuning method of piano, and the self-service tuning method of the piano is adopted
Use the frequency values in the piano accuracy in pitch curve being automatically corrected by harmonic frequency as the tuner standard of each sound, with high pitch
Area, middle register, bass area are compared using the practical fundamental frequency that algorithms of different calculates, and provide tuning suggestion, the piano is certainly
Tuning method is helped to include the following steps：
(1) note of tuning is carried out by the selection of tuning selecting unit；
(2) audio sent out using audio collection unit acquisition piano, inputs frequency analysis unit；
(3) frequency analysis unit is utilized to analyze the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency of the audio, and by the practical fundamental frequency
Harmonious voice frequency inputs accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit；
(4) accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit corrects accuracy in pitch song according to the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency that frequency analysis unit provides
Line will correspond in revised accuracy in pitch curve and described select the frequency of tuning note as the tuner standard of the audio；
(5) the practical fundamental frequency and the tuner standard are compared and is calculated by frequency comparison unit, and
Tuning suggestion is provided according to result of calculation；
(6) tuner testing result and tuning suggestion are exported by result output unit.
Further, the self-service tuning method of the piano still further comprises standard pronunciation and plays step, leads in tuning
The audio file for crossing 88 piano single-tones of playing standard sound broadcast unit storage carries out pitch comparison auxiliary tuning, the sound
The pitch of frequency meets accuracy in pitch curve and tone color natural harmony.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention uses theoretical pitch, that is, standard frequency as tuner standard for the prior art, the sound tone color life recalled
Firmly, the U.S. for lacking natural harmony, the problem of not meeting the higher bass of piano high pitch relatively low horizontal anti-S types accuracy in pitch curve, the present invention
Using the tuner standard progress tuner for meeting piano accuracy in pitch curve, the sound not only accuracy in pitch, and tone color natural harmony recalled with this,
Meet the relatively low anti-S types accuracy in pitch curve of cross of the higher bass of piano high pitch.
2. the present invention is used for the prior art with the accuracy in pitch curve for determining fixed value, cannot be according to each frame piano
Different characteristics is applicable in different accuracy in pitch curves, and accuracy in pitch curve cannot need what the piano of tuning was automatically corrected to ask according to each frame
Topic, present invention employs the piano accuracy in pitch curves being automatically corrected according to harmonic frequency while tuner, according to tuning
Piano is different, and the accuracy in pitch curve makes different amendments, using the frequency values in the accuracy in pitch curve as the school of each sound
Phonetic symbol standard carries out tuner, and the accuracy in pitch after tuner meets the accuracy in pitch curve of this piano.
3. the present invention is inaccurate for prior art tuning, especially treble and bass area tuner result does not have reference
The problem of, the present invention is compared in treble, middle register, bass area using the practical fundamental frequency that algorithms of different calculates, and is obtained
The practical fundamental frequency of each sound of piano is more accurate, and tuner result is more acurrate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of the self-service tuning system of piano of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that large deviations value of the embodiment of the present invention calculates the corresponding serial number diagram of 88 sounds.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, specifically with reference to specific embodiment
The bright present invention.Specific embodiment is described below to simplify the present invention.It should be recognized that the present invention be not limited to it is illustrated
Embodiment, and under the premise of not departing from basic principle, various modifications of the invention are possible, and such equivalent forms are same
Sample is fallen within the scope of the appended claims of the present application.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention can be presented in a variety of manners, some of them example explained below.
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of the self-service tuning system of piano of the present invention.The piano automatic tuning system includes tuning
Selecting unit 101, audio collection unit 102, frequency analysis unit 103, accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit 104, frequency comparison unit
105, result output unit 106.
Embodiment
User using the present invention piano automatic tuning system carry out piano automatic tuning when, user need carry out with
Lower operation：
Step 1：According to tuning selecting sequence, selection will carry out the note of tuning in the tuning selecting unit of the present invention.
Step 2：The corresponding key of note that tuning to be carried out is played on the piano for need tuning, utilizes audio collection
The audio that unit acquisition piano is sent out.
Step 3：Start tuner detection, the tuner testing result and tuning suggestion that system according to the invention provides are adjusted
Sound.
In the present embodiment, it is selected as middle register in the sound area of tuning selecting unit selection first, sound group selection is small character
One group, musical alphabet is selected as A, presses corresponding left side double bass on piano and plays the 49th key, steel is acquired using audio collection unit
The audio that qin is sent out.
Meanwhile piano automatic tuning system of the invention proceeds as follows：
Step 1：Tuning selecting unit provides the user with the selection of sound area, sound group selection, the musical alphabet selection of selection tuning, and
The sound area selection information of user's selection is passed into frequency analysis unit, the selection of sound area, sound group selection, musical alphabet selection information are transmitted
Give accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit.
Step 2：The audio that audio collection unit acquisition piano is sent out, and collected audio signal input frequency is divided
Analyse unit.
Step 3：Audio analysis unit analyzes the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency of the audio, and by the practical fundamental frequency
Harmonious voice frequency inputs accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit.
The sound area of the present embodiment is selected as middle register, and audio analysis unit analyzes the audio using the method for wavelet analysis
Practical fundamental frequency, obtained practical fundamental frequency be 441.36Hz, be calculated second harmonic frequency be 882.72Hz.
Step 4：Accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit corrects sound according to the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency that frequency analysis unit provides
Directrix curve will correspond in revised accuracy in pitch curve and described select the frequency of tuning note as the tuner standard of the audio.
The present embodiment middle register is selected as middle register, and sound group selection is one group of small character, and musical alphabet is selected as A, i.e. the first tuning
Group, sound use the initial frequency value in accuracy in pitch curve as tuner standard (i.e. 440Hz).
After tuner is accurate (when practical fundamental frequency is consistent with tuner frequency or deviation is less than 0.005 cent), with the first tuning
The second harmonic frequency of group corrects the frequency that next pitch (i.e. first sound of the second tuning group) is corresponded in accuracy in pitch curve, as under
The tuner standard of one pitch (i.e. first sound of the second tuning group).
Step 5：The practical fundamental frequency and the tuner standard are compared and are calculated by frequency comparison unit, and
Tuning suggestion is provided according to result of calculation.
Practical fundamental frequency in the present embodiment is 441.36Hz, and tuner standard is 440Hz, and frequency is calculated in frequency comparison unit
Rate difference is+1.36Hz, and deviation is+0.02 cent.The calculation formula of deviation is as follows：
Wherein, x is practical fundamental frequency, and y is tuner standard, and n is the corresponding serial number of 88 sounds of piano, since the double bass of the left side
It is 1, is 88 to the right descant.
The corresponding serial number table of specific 88 sounds is as shown in Figure 2.In figure, big/lowercase letter is big/small character group, after letter
Digital representation it is big/several groups of small character.For example, A2Indicate big word two groups of A, a1Indicate that small character one group of A, b indicate small character group B, g3It indicates
Small character three groups of G, #d1Indicate 1 group of small character#D(#D withbE indicates same musical alphabet, is indicated in the claim of the present invention and specification
For#D/bE)。
According to result of calculation, it is to adjust pine to provide tuning suggestion.
Step 6：As a result output unit output tuner testing result and tuning suggestion.
The mode that the present embodiment result output unit uses is static text and voice broadcast.So far a tuner is completed.
When the first tuning group tuner testing result show tuner it is accurate after, first sound of the second tuning of the present embodiment pair group into
Row tuner.Step is consistent with the tuner step of the first tuning group.
Then according to second sound of the second tuning group, the second tuning group third sound, first sound of third tuning group, third
Second sound of tuning group, third tuning group third sound, the 4th sound of third tuning group, the sequence of the 4th tuning group carry out school
Sound, the 4th tuning group of the present embodiment are small according to one group of middle register small character, two groups of middle register small character, middle register small character group, treble
Three groups of word, four groups of treble small character, five groups of treble small character, the big word group in bass area, the sequence of one group of the big word in bass area carry out school
(each sound group of middle register and treble sequence from low to high carries out tuner to sound, the sequence of the sound group of bass area from high to low
Carry out tuner).
The correcting mode of frequency and tuner standard are as described below in the accuracy in pitch curve：
The frequency values of the first tuning group, that is, one group of A of middle register small character are constant using initial frequency value in the accuracy in pitch curve,
Tuner is carried out as tuner standard.
The frequency correcting mode of the second each sound of tuning group and tuner standard are in the accuracy in pitch curve：
It is corrected using the second harmonic frequency of the first tuning group, that is, one group of middle register small character A after tuner corresponding in accuracy in pitch curve
The frequency of first sound of i.e. the second tuning group of next pitch (two groups of A of middle register small character), as first sound of the second tuning group (in
Two groups of A of sound area small character) tuner standard；Utilize the secondary of first sound of the second tuning group after tuner (two groups of A of middle register small character)
Harmonic frequency corrects the frequency that second sound of i.e. the second tuning group of next pitch (three groups of A of middle register small character) is corresponded in accuracy in pitch curve
Rate, the tuner standard as second sound of the second tuning group (three groups of A of middle register small character)；Utilize the second tuning group second after tuner
The second harmonic frequency of a sound (three groups of A of middle register small character) is corrected in accuracy in pitch curve and corresponds to next pitch i.e. the second tuning group third
The frequency of a sound (four groups of A of middle register small character), the tuner mark as the second tuning group third sound (four groups of A of middle register small character)
It is accurate.
The frequency correcting mode of each sound of third tuning group and tuner standard are in the accuracy in pitch curve：
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of first sound of third tuning group (middle register small character group A) be：By
The second harmonic frequency of three sounds of tuning group first (middle register small character group A) and the first tuning group (middle pitch in the accuracy in pitch curve
One group of A of area's small character) initial frequency value be compared, when the two is consistent, with first sound (middle register small character of third tuning group
Group A) fundamental frequency correct accuracy in pitch curve, the tuner standard as first sound of third tuning group (middle register small character group A)；
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of second sound of third tuning group (the big word group A in bass area) be：By
The second harmonic frequency of three sounds of tuning group second (the big word group A in bass area) corresponds to next pitch i.e. with the accuracy in pitch curve
The frequency values of three sounds of tuning group first (middle register small character group A) are compared, when the two is consistent, with third tuning group second
The fundamental frequency of a sound (the big word group A in bass area) corrects accuracy in pitch curve, as second sound of third tuning group (the big word group A in bass area)
Tuner standard；
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of the third tuning group third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) be：It will
The second harmonic frequency of third tuning group third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) corresponds to next pitch with the accuracy in pitch curve
That is the frequency values of second sound of third tuning group (the big word group A in bass area) are compared, when the two is consistent, with third tuning group
The fundamental frequency of third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) corrects accuracy in pitch curve, as third tuning group third sound (the big word in bass area
One group of A) tuner standard；
The frequency correcting mode and tuner standard of the 4th sound of the third tuning group (bass area two groups of A of big word) be：It will
The second harmonic frequency of the 4th sound of third tuning group (bass area two groups of A of big word) corresponds to next pitch with the accuracy in pitch curve
That is the frequency values of third tuning group third sound (bass area one group of A of big word) are compared, when the two is consistent, with third tuning
The fundamental frequency of the 4th sound (bass area two groups of A of big word) of group corrects accuracy in pitch curve, and as the 4th sound of third tuning group, (bass area is big
Two groups of A of word) tuner standard.
The frequency correcting mode of the 4th each sound of tuning group and tuner standard are in the accuracy in pitch curve：
It is flat according to 12 according to the first tuning group, the second tuning group, the revised frequency of third tuning group in accuracy in pitch curve
The mode restrained is calculated, and the frequency of the 4th each sound of tuning group in accuracy in pitch curve is corrected, as the 4th each sound of tuning group
Tuner standard.
Claims (25)
1. a kind of self-service tuning system of piano, which is characterized in that the self-service tuning system of the piano use by harmonic frequency into
Tuner standard of the frequency values as each sound in the automatic modified piano accuracy in pitch curve of row, with treble, middle register, bass area
The practical fundamental frequency calculated using algorithms of different is compared, and tuning suggestion is provided, and the self-service tuning system of the piano includes adjusting
Sound selecting unit, audio collection unit, frequency analysis unit, accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit, frequency comparison unit and result output
Unit, wherein：
The tuning selecting unit is used to select to carry out the note of tuning；The audio collection unit is for acquiring piano
The audio sent out inputs frequency analysis unit；The practical fundamental frequency that the frequency analysis unit is used to analyze the audio is harmonious
Voice frequency, and the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency is inputted into accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit；The accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit
Practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency for being provided according to frequency analysis unit corrects accuracy in pitch curve, will be in revised accuracy in pitch curve
Correspondence is described to select the frequency of tuning note as the tuner standard of the audio；The frequency comparison unit is used for will be described
Practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency compared and calculated with the tuner standard, and tuning is provided according to result of calculation and is built
View；The result output unit is for exporting tuner testing result and tuning suggestion.
2. the self-service tuning system of piano as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the self-service tuning system of the piano also into
One step includes standard pronunciation broadcast unit, and the standard pronunciation broadcast unit stores the audio file of 88 piano single-tones, is adjusting
Tone color is played when sound and carries out pitch comparison auxiliary tuning, and the pitch of the audio meets accuracy in pitch curve and tone color natural harmony.
3. the self-service tuning system of piano as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the tuning selecting unit is used for sound area
Selection, sound group selection, musical alphabet selection, the selecting sequence of the tuning selecting unit are followed successively by the selection of sound area, sound group selection, musical alphabet
Selection.
4. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the described sound area selection selected from bass area,
Any one in middle register, treble.
5. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the sound group selection of the bass area is selected from big
Any one in two groups of word, one group of big word, big word group, the sound group selection of the middle register are selected from small character group, one group of small character, small
Any one in two groups of word, the sound group selection of the treble is arbitrary in three groups of small character, four groups of small character, five groups of small character
It is a kind of.
6. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that musical alphabet selection selected from C,#C/bD、D、#
D/bE、E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB, any one in B, the musical alphabet correspond to roll call do, rise do/ drops respectively
Re, re, re/ drops mi, mi is risen, fa, liter fa/ drops sol, sol, sol/ drops la, la is risen, rises la/ drops si, si.
7. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that one group of the big word, big word group, small character
Four groups of group, one group of small character, two groups of small character, three groups of small character and small character, each sound group musical alphabet selection selected from C,#C/bD、D、#D/bE、
E、F、#F/bG、G、#G/bA、A、#A/bB, any one in B；Two groups of the big word musical alphabet selection selected from A,#A/bB, in B
Any one；The musical alphabet selection of five groups of the small character is selected from C.
8. such as the self-service tuning system of claim 1-7 any one of them pianos, which is characterized in that the tuning selecting unit
The tuning selecting sequence of use is followed successively by the first tuning group, the second tuning group, third tuning group, the 4th tuning group or the first tuning
Group, third tuning group, the second tuning group, the 4th tuning group, the first tuning group includes one group of A of middle register small character, described
The tuning selecting sequence of the second tuning group be followed successively by two groups of A of middle register small character, three groups of A of treble small character, treble small character four
Group A, it is big that the tuning selecting sequence of the third tuning group is followed successively by middle register small character group A, the big word group A in bass area, bass area
One group of A of word, bass area two groups of A of big word, the 4th tuning group include to remove the first tuning group, the second tuning group and third tuning
All tuning notes selection other than group.
9. such as the self-service tuning system of claim 1-7 any one of them pianos, which is characterized in that the audio collection unit
Utilize the audio for needing the key of tuning to send out on sound transducer acquisition piano.
10. such as the self-service tuning system of claim 1-7 any one of them pianos, which is characterized in that the frequency analysis list
Member analyzes the fundamental frequency of the audio in conjunction with the time-domain information and frequency domain information of the audio, using obtained fundamental frequency as practical base
Frequently；The frequency domain information of the frequency analysis unit combination audio analyzes the secondary harmonic frequency of the audio.
11. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that the frequency analysis unit is not according to
The time domain and frequency domain feature in unisonance area use three kinds of different fundamental frequency identification methods in treble, middle register, bass area.
12. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the treble fundamental frequency identification uses
Harmonic spike method identifies the practical fundamental frequency positioned at treble audio.
13. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the middle register fundamental frequency identification uses
Method based on wavelet analysis identifies the practical fundamental frequency positioned at middle register audio.
14. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the bass area fundamental frequency identification uses
The auto-correlation algorithm of tri-level Clipping identifies the practical fundamental frequency positioned at bass area audio.
15. the self-service tuning system of piano as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the original frequency in the accuracy in pitch curve
Value is the standard frequency of 88 keys of piano, and the accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit utilizes the second harmonic after tuner according to tuning sequence
Frequency corrects the frequency in accuracy in pitch curve, obtains the tuner standard for tuner.
16. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 15, which is characterized in that the accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit for
The sound that tuning is selected as the first tuning group uses the initial frequency value in accuracy in pitch curve as tuner standard.
17. the self-service tuning system of piano as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the frequency comparison unit will be described
The practical fundamental frequency of audio is compared with tuner standard, calculates the departure of the audio signal practical fundamental frequency and tuner standard,
And tuning suggestion is provided according to departure.
18. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 17, which is characterized in that the departure carries symbol, positive value
Indicate higher, negative value indicates relatively low, and the unit of the departure is cent.
19. such as the self-service tuning system of claim 1-7 any one of them pianos, which is characterized in that the result output unit
The mode that tuner testing result is shown and reported be selected from dynamic image, static text, voice broadcast any one or
It is arbitrary a variety of.
20. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that the first identifier of the dynamic image accords with
Centered on it is fixed, indicate that the tuner standard of the audio signal, the second identifier symbol of dynamic image indicate the audio signal
Practical fundamental frequency, dynamically moved according to actual frequency and the departure of tuner standard, the direction of motion of second identifier symbol
Indicate that the partially high/low and tuning direction of actual frequency, the movement speed and move distance of the second identifier symbol indicate departure
Order of magnitude.
21. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that the static text shows the sound
Tuner standard, practical fundamental frequency, departure and the tuning suggestion of frequency signal.
22. the self-service tuning system of piano as claimed in claim 19, which is characterized in that the voice broadcast is using voice
Mode reports tuner standard, practical fundamental frequency, departure and the tuning suggestion of the audio signal, and when practical fundamental frequency and tuner
The departure of standard sends out voice prompt when determining in range.
23. a kind of tuning device, it is characterised in that：The tuning device includes claim 1-22 any one of them pianos
Self-service tuning system and any one tuning specific purpose tool.
24. a kind of self-service tuning method of piano, which is characterized in that the self-service tuning method of the piano use by harmonic frequency into
Tuner standard of the frequency values as each sound in the automatic modified piano accuracy in pitch curve of row, with treble, middle register, bass area
The practical fundamental frequency calculated using algorithms of different is compared, and tuning suggestion is provided, and the self-service tuning method of the piano includes such as
Lower step：
The note of tuning is carried out by the selection of tuning selecting unit；
The audio sent out is played using the acquisition of audio collection unit, inputs frequency analysis unit；
Analyze the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency of the audio using frequency analysis unit, and by the practical fundamental frequency harmony audio
Rate inputs accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit；
Accuracy in pitch curve amendment unit corrects accuracy in pitch curve according to the practical fundamental frequency harmony voice frequency that frequency analysis unit provides, and will repair
It is corresponded in accuracy in pitch curve after just and described selects the frequency of tuning note as the tuner standard of the audio；
The practical fundamental frequency and the tuner standard are compared and calculated by frequency comparison unit, and according to calculating
As a result tuning suggestion is provided；
Tuner testing result and tuning suggestion are exported by result output unit.
25. the self-service tuning method of piano as claimed in claim 24, which is characterized in that the self-service tuning method of the piano is also
Further comprise the sound for 88 piano single-tones that standard pronunciation plays step, is stored by playing standard sound broadcast unit in tuning
Frequency file, carries out pitch comparison auxiliary tuning, and the pitch of the audio meets accuracy in pitch curve and tone color natural harmony.
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| CN108364528A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-03 | 南通理工学院 | Piano playing note correction system and method |
| CN108877743B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2023-01-10 | 南阳理工学院 | Piano temperament calibration device based on string vibration signals and use method |
| CN109741658A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-10 | 任磊 | A kind of Multi-function electronic music instrument tutoring system for music teaching |
| CN110444226A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 山东浪潮人工智能研究院有限公司 | A kind of long-range tuning diagnostic method of piano based on deep learning and system |
| CN113781981A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-10 | 北京星海钢琴集团有限公司 | Piano sound-dialing auxiliary system and sound-dialing method |
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| CN1892811A (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-10 | 雅马哈株式会社 | Tuning device for musical instruments and computer program used therein |
| CN1953042A (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-04-25 | 雅马哈株式会社 | Tuning device for musical instruments and computer program for visualizing tuning status |
| CN101789237A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-28 | 王宏伟 | Violin table tone setting and case assembling tone tuning method and special device |
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| JP4520521B2 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-08-04 | 株式会社河合楽器製作所 | Electronic musical instrument tuning correction apparatus, electronic musical instrument tuning correction method, computer program, and recording medium |
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| CN1892811A (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-10 | 雅马哈株式会社 | Tuning device for musical instruments and computer program used therein |
| CN1953042A (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-04-25 | 雅马哈株式会社 | Tuning device for musical instruments and computer program for visualizing tuning status |
| CN101789237A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-28 | 王宏伟 | Violin table tone setting and case assembling tone tuning method and special device |
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