CN107144639B - The method for building up of the coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and acoustic emission parameters - Google Patents
The method for building up of the coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and acoustic emission parameters Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, method for building up is the following steps are included: the first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system；Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression under second step, the different loading speeds of building, uniaxial compression test and log are completed by given loading speed, while mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal under given loading speed during acquisition test in real time；Third step, building coal sample compression strength are about the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.It is an advantage of the invention that by coupling model using in loading procedure acoustic emission parameters and loading speed can obtain the coal sample highest stress that can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process, and make prediction to the intensity and safety of coal sample.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coupling models of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, especially coal petrography
Body is established in the coupling model under uniaxial compression loading environment between its compression strength and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter
Method belongs to rock mechanics, characteristic of material mechanics studying technological domain.
Background technique
Coal sample under uniaxial compression, cracks and in the form of elastic wave as the load increases, inside coal sample
It externally releases energy, while generating acoustic emission phenomenon, acoustic emission phenomenon is that local source quick release of energy generates transient state in material
The phenomenon that elastic wave.Elastic wave is acquired with acoustic emission transducer and converted, analyze and research, so that it may inverting material internal
Slight change.For the energy detected due to sound emission instrument inside testee, this passive detection technology has its bright
Aobvious advantage, it can recorde sprouting and the expansion process of crackle, and other non-destructive testings can only could be visited after crackle generation
It measures.Acoustic emission has extensively in the fields such as machine-building and processing, coal, metallurgy, electric power, aerospace and communications and transportation
General application.
Currently, the test that loading speed influences mechanical characteristic single in material Failure under Uniaxial Compression or acoustic emission parameters
Comparison of results is more, due to the same stress of acoustic emission parameters, strain, and shows the constitutional parameter of characteristic of material mechanics.Sound hair
Penetrate between parameter and stress, strain parameter that there is close correlativities.But sound emission is joined about loading speed at present
There there is no the research achievement of interdependence effects but between several and stress, strain parameter.In addition, compression strength is institute's energy before material damage
The highest load of receiving during adding discharged material repeatedly, is being less than unloading front bearing according to the Kai Saier effect of sound emission
Lotus it is horizontal reload during, new acoustie emission event will not be generated, it is therefore desirable to establish a kind of novel coupling model, benefit
With in loading procedure acoustic emission parameters and loading speed obtain coal sample and can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process
Highest stress, and make prediction to the intensity and safety of coal sample.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: in view of the deficiency of the prior art, propose a kind of coal sample intensity and load speed
The coupling model of rate and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, the method for building up of the coupling model can acquire uniaxial pressure under different loading speeds
Mechanical property parameters and sound emission characteristic parameter in contracting overall process Experimental on acoustic emission, to obtain under different loading speeds in test
Number mean value, Ring-down count mean value are hit in the compression strength of coal sample, sound emission, finally obtain coal sample pressure resistance based on least square method
The coupling model that number mean value or Ring-down count mean value are hit about loading speed, sound emission is spent, it can be into one by coupling model
Step obtains the highest stress that coal sample can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process, and does to the intensity and safety of coal sample
It predicts out.
In order to reach the goals above, technical scheme is as follows: a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and sound emission
The coupling model of characteristic parameter, method for building up the following steps are included:
The first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system, the system include the examination of compression of electronic material
Machine is tested, for needing to select to carry out uniaxial compression examination to coal sample using load, displacement or strain loading control mode according to test
It tests and acquires mechanical signal；Acoustic emission sensor for counting, storing automatically to the acoustie emission event in deformation failure, and is adopted
Collect acoustic emission signal, realizes to the Acoustic Emission Real-Time Monitoring during test；Signal transmission apparatus is used for compression of electronic material
The mechanical signal or acoustic emission signal of testing machine or acoustic emission sensor acquisition are sent to computer system；Computer system is used
In the mechanical signal conveyed according to signal transmission apparatus, acoustic emission signal extracts mechanics characteristic ginseng value and characteristics of Acoustic Emission is joined
Numerical value, and then establish the coupling model of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter under different loading speeds；Go to
Two steps；
Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression under second step, the different loading speeds of building, by given load speed
Rate completes uniaxial compression test and log, while the mechanics under given loading speed during acquisition test in real time
Signal and acoustic emission signal；Go to third step；
Third step, building coal sample compression strength are about the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.
Coupling model method for building up of the invention includes the design of pilot system, the design of signal acquisition scheme, coal sample list
Method for building up of the axis compression strength about coupling model between loading speed, acoustic emission parameters；Signal acquiring system includes mechanics
Signal acquiring system and sound emission characteristic signal acquisition system；The load-displacement of mechanical signal acquisition system acquisition compression coal sample
The peak load values of curve, to further calculate out the compression strength value of coal sample；The acquisition of characteristics of Acoustic Emission signal acquiring system
It compresses coal sample sound emission in compression failure overall process and hits the characteristic parameters such as number, Ring-down count；Signal acquiring system is acquired
To signal obtain compression strength under different loading speeds in compression test after treatment, number mean value is hit in sound emission, vibration
Bell counts mean value, is then based on least square method and obtains compression strength about loading speed and sound emission shock number mean value or ring
Count the polynary coupling model between mean value.
The structure that the present invention further refines is as follows:
Further, in second step according to the loading speed of the experimental system design of the first step at least level Four different level,
Uniaxial compression test is carried out to every level-one loading speed, and carries out uniaxial compression test, real-time synchronization by the loading speed of setting
Acquisition test during mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal, mechanical signal include power, deformation, stress, strain, etc. mechanical properties
Parameter, acoustic emission signal include that the acoustic emission parameters such as number, Ring-down count are hit in sound emission.
Further, coal sample compression strength is constructed in third step about the coupling between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter
The specific method of molding type sequentially carries out according to the following steps:
(1) different load speed in uniaxial compression test are drawn according to the mechanical signal of compression of electronic Material Testing Machine acquisition
Stress-strain, stress-time signal curve under rate, while being drawn not according to the acoustic emission signal of acoustic emission sensor acquisition
With shock number-time under loading speed, Ring-down count-time graph；
(2) analysis load-deformation curve determines compression strength measured value (the i.e. stress peak of coal sample under different loading speeds
Value), at the same the acoustic emission signal data for counting Experimental on acoustic emission obtain the sound emission under different loading speeds hit number mean value and
Ring-down count mean value；
(3) mechanics parameter and characteristics of Acoustic Emission ginseng under different loading speeds are obtained according to test data and interpretation of result
Number, the mechanics parameter includes peak load, compression strength (measured value), elasticity modulus, compression ratio, the sound emission spy parameter
Number mean value, Ring-down count mean value are hit including sound emission；
(4) multivariate regression models is established based on least square method, obtain coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed,
The coupling model of number mean value or Ring-down count mean value is hit in sound emission, and wherein the independent variable of regression model is loading speed and correspondence
Number mean value or Ring-down count mean value are hit in sound emission under loading speed, and regressive object variable is coal sample compression strength.
Based on principle of least square method derive coal sample compression strength about loading speed and sound emission hit number mean value or
The expression formula of unknown parameter in Ring-down count mean value coupling model recycles MATLAB software programming to solve these unknown parameters,
Obtain the multiple regression mould that a coal sample compression strength hits number mean value or Ring-down count mean value about loading speed and sound emission
Type.Specific step is as follows:
Coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed, sound emission hit number mean value coupling model be
Wherein, v is loading speed, haNumber mean value is hit for sound emission,For the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, C,
Y, w is undetermined parameter.
It calculates coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and hits undetermined parameter in the coupling model of number mean value about loading speed, sound emission
C, the specific method of y, w sequentially carry out as follows:
(a) logarithm is taken to obtain (3) formula at (1) formula both ends；
(b) test number (TN) is set as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each test is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
(c) the log error formula of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
(d) by least square method, the total sum of squares of error in step (c) is obtained, total sum of squares formula is as follows:
(e) it enablesLnC=η, byIt obtains
Obtain formula (6)~(8)；
(f) formula (6)~(8) are converted into matrix equation (9),
(g) y, w, η are solved by MATLAB software, and then obtains the value of C, y, w.
Further, in step (4) coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed, sound emission Ring-down count mean value
Coupling model is
Wherein, v is loading speed, naFor sound emission Ring-down count mean value,For the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength,
C, y, w are undetermined parameters.(2) formula is solved according to above-mentioned principle of least square method, obtains coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about adding
Carry the value of undetermined parameter C, y, w in the coupling model of rate, sound emission Ring-down count mean value.The specific method is as follows:
(a ') takes logarithm to obtain (10) formula at (2) formula both ends；
(b ') sets test number (TN) as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each test is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
The log error formula of (c ') Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
(d ') obtains the total sum of squares of error in step (c ') by least square method, and total sum of squares formula is as follows:
(e ') is enabled, lnC=η), due toAcquisition formula (13)~(15)；
Formula (13)~(15) are converted into matrix equation (16) by (f '),
(g ') solves y, w, η by MATLAB software, and then obtains the value of C, y, w.
Further, further include step (5) in third step:
(5) by test mechanics parameter and sound emission hit number mean value or Ring-down count mean value and be calculated
C, y, w value substitute into multivariate regression models respectively, Prediction of compressive strength value are obtained, then by Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value
It is compared, and calculates the two relative coefficient, according to the reliability of correlation coefficient analysis multivariate regression models.
Further, it is 50 millimeters that the coal sample, which takes nominal diameter, is highly 100 millimeters of standard sample.
Further, the acoustic emission sensor is piezoceramic transducer, is equipped with respectively in the upper and lower part of the coal sample
4 acoustic emission sensors.
It is an advantage of the invention that by coupling model using in loading procedure acoustic emission parameters and loading speed can obtain
Intensity and safety to coal sample in the highest stress that recycles or can bear repeatedly plus in uninstall process, and to coal sample are made pre-
It surveys.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the working principle diagram of coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the stationary state figure of acoustic emission sensor in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Plays sample of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the stress-strain curve in the present invention under 5 different loading speeds.
Fig. 5 is the compression strength and compression ratio curve graph in the present invention under 5 different loading speeds.
Fig. 6 is the time history curve graph of the stress and sound emission shock number in the present invention under 5 different loading speeds.
Fig. 7 is the time history curve graph of the stress and sound emission Ring-down count in the present invention under 5 different loading speeds.
Fig. 8 is the contrast curve chart of the Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value in the present invention under 5 different loading speeds.
Specific embodiment
The coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter in the present invention, method for building up include with
Lower step:
The first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system, the system as shown in Figure 1 include compression electricity
Sub- Material Testing Machine, it is single for needing to select to carry out coal sample using load, displacement or strain loading control mode according to test
Axis compression test simultaneously acquires mechanical signal；Acoustic emission sensor, for counting, storing up automatically to the acoustie emission event in deformation failure
It deposits, and acquires acoustic emission signal, realize to the Acoustic Emission Real-Time Monitoring during test；Signal transmission apparatus, for that will compress
The mechanical signal or acoustic emission signal of electronic material testing machine or acoustic emission sensor acquisition are sent to computer system；Computer
System, mechanical signal, acoustic emission signal for being conveyed according to signal transmission apparatus extract mechanics characteristic ginseng value and sound hair
Characteristic ginseng value is penetrated, and then establishes the coupled mode of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter under different loading speeds
Type.Computer system includes computer and MATLAB software, computer can obtain according to mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal from
Stress-strain, compression ratio-time, stress-time, load-displacement signature tune under the dynamic different loading speeds for generating or drawing
Line and shock number-time, Ring-down count-time, Energy-Time curve；Compression strength is obtained from load-deformation curve,
Sound emission is calculated simultaneously and hits the characteristic parameters such as number mean value, Ring-down count mean value, and above-mentioned data are then substituted into MATLAB coupling
Operation is carried out in model programming, coupling model is established according to least square method.
Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression under second step, the different loading speeds of building, and design in the test
Signal acquisition scheme, then complete uniaxial compression test and log by given loading speed, while given
Mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal under loading speed during acquisition test in real time.Specifically, according to the experiment of the first step
The loading speed of system design at least level Four different level, and testing program is drafted, uniaxial pressure is carried out to every level-one loading speed
Contracting test.Then uniaxial compression test is carried out by given loading speed, the mechanical signal during real-time synchronization acquisition test
And acoustic emission signal, mechanical signal include power, deformation, stress, strain, load, displacement, the pressure at each moment during entire test
The mechanical property parameters such as shrinkage, mechanical signal are acquired by the mechanical signal acquisition system of compression of electronic Material Testing Machine, sound emission
Signal includes that the acoustic emission parameters such as number, Ring-down count and elastic wave energy, sound emission are hit in the sound emission in coal sample compression process
Signal is acquired by the acoustic emission signal acquisition system of acoustic emission sensor.
Third step, building coal sample compression strength are about the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.Specifically
Method is as follows:
(1) different load speed in uniaxial compression test are drawn according to the mechanical signal of compression of electronic Material Testing Machine acquisition
Stress-strain, stress-time, load-displacement signal curve under rate, specific method for drafting are as follows: using stress as ordinate, answer
Become the relation curve that abscissa draws stress-strain under different loading speeds；Using stress as ordinate, the time draws for abscissa
Make stress-time relation curve under different loading speeds；Using load as ordinate, it is displaced and draws different load speed for abscissa
The relation curve of load-displacement under rate.Wherein, compression of electronic Material Testing Machine can automatically generate stress-strain, compression ratio-when
Between, load-displacement curves.Meanwhile it being drawn under different loading speeds according to the acoustic emission signal data of acoustic emission sensor acquisition
Shock number-time, Ring-down count-time, Energy-Time curve, specific method for drafting are as follows: hitting number with sound emission is vertical sit
Mark, time are that abscissa draws shock number-time relation curve under different loading speeds；Using Ring-down count as ordinate, when
Between draw Ring-down count-time relation curve under different loading speeds for abscissa；Using elastic wave energy as ordinate, the time
The relation curve of Energy-Time under different loading speeds is drawn for abscissa.
(2) determine that coal sample compression strength is (i.e. under different loading speeds using MATLAB software analysis load-deformation curve
Peak stress) measured value, while counting the acoustic emission signal data of Experimental on acoustic emission, number-time, ring meter are hit in analysis
Number-time, Energy-Time curve obtain the sound emission under different loading speeds and hit number mean value, maximum shock number, Ring-down count
Mean value, maximum Ring-down count, elastic wave energy mean value and maximum flexibility wave energy.Since the longitudinal axis of load-deformation curve is to answer
Power, horizontal axis are strain, which is also known as compression strength.Acquisition sound emission shock number mean value,
The method of Ring-down count mean value is exactly to call average formula, choosing to sound emission Excel tables of data derived from Experimental on acoustic emission
Fixed corresponding shock ordered series of numbers and Ring-down count column data acquire average value.
(3) repairing experiment data obtain tables of data needed for regression model: being obtained according to test data and interpretation of result different
Mechanics parameter and sound emission characteristic parameter under loading speed draw loading speed, mechanics parameter and sound emission characteristic parameter
At table, prepared for operation program item in next step with data, mechanics parameter includes peak load, compression strength (measured value), bullet
Property modulus, compression ratio, sound emission spy's parameter includes that sound emission hits number mean value, maximum hits number, Ring-down count mean value, maximum vibration
Bell counting, elastic wave energy mean value and maximum flexibility wave energy.Using compression ratio as ordinate, the time is that abscissa draws different add
Carry compression ratio-time relation curve under rate.
(4) multivariate regression models is established based on least square method, obtain coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed,
The coupling model of number mean value or Ring-down count mean value is hit in sound emission, and wherein the independent variable of regression model is loading speed and correspondence
Number mean value or Ring-down count mean value are hit in sound emission under loading speed, and regressive object variable is coal sample compression strength.Wherein, coal
Sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed, sound emission hit number mean value coupling model be
Coal sample uniaxial compressive strength is about the coupling model of loading speed, sound emission Ring-down count mean value
V is loading speed, haNumber mean value, n are hit for sound emissionaFor sound emission Ring-down count mean value,For coal sample single shaft
The predicted value of compression strength, C, y, w are undetermined parameters.
It calculates coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and hits undetermined parameter in the coupling model of number mean value about loading speed, sound emission
C, the specific method of y, w sequentially carry out as follows:
(a) logarithm is taken to obtain (3) formula at (1) formula both ends；
(b) test number (TN) is set as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each test is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
(c) the log error formula of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
(d) by least square method, the total sum of squares of error in step (c) is obtained, total sum of squares formula is as follows:
(e) it enablesLnC=η, due to
Acquisition formula (6)~(8)；
(f) formula (6)~(8) are converted into matrix equation (9),
(g) y, w, η are solved by MATLAB programming, and then obtains the value of C, y, w.
In addition, by solving to formula (2), obtaining coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about load according to above-mentioned least square method
Rate, sound emission Ring-down count mean value coupling model in undetermined parameter C, y, w value.
(5) calculate relative coefficient, analyze the reliability of coupling model: by test mechanics parameter and sound emission hit
C, y, w value hitting several mean values or Ring-down count mean value and being calculated substitute into multivariate regression models respectively, obtain pressure resistance
Predicted value is spent, is then compared Prediction of compressive strength value with measured value, and calculates the two relative coefficient, is analyzed polynary time
Return the reliability of model.
In MATLAB programming language, for general matrix X, after executing A=corrcoef (X), each value in A
Be expert at a and column b, reaction be corresponding a column vector and b-th of column vector in original matrix X similarity degree (i.e. phase
Relationship number), which is equally also applicable in program 2 of the invention: [R, P]=corrcoef (x1, y1)；It is compiled according to MATLAB
Journey acquires corresponding relative coefficient.Wherein the absolute value of coefficient R is generally 0.8 or more, it is believed that the two has strong correlation
Property, between 0.3 to 0.8, it is believed that the two has weak correlation, if below 0.3, then it is assumed that there is no correlation.
Embodiment 1
The coupling model of a kind of the coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter of the present embodiment, method for building up is such as
Under:
The coal sample for acquiring certain coal mine is processed into nominal diameter and is 50 millimeters, is highly 100 millimeters of standard sample (see figure
3), acoustic emission sensor is piezoceramic transducer, the upper and lower part of each coal sample be equipped with respectively 4 acoustic emission sensors (see
Fig. 2).It tests loading method and uses load displacement control methods, sound emission threshold value is 40dB, is surveyed by demarcating to the coal sample velocity of sound
It obtains acoustic velocity value and is maintained at 670m/s or so.5 coal samples are taken, and the number of 5 coal samples of label is 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# and 5#, setting 5
The loading speed (being labeled as ν) of a coal sample, as shown in table 1.
1 loading speed of table
The Experimental on acoustic emission of uniaxial compression overall process is successively carried out to 5 coal samples by given loading speed and records test knot
Fruit acquires mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal during testing under given loading speed in real time.Computer obtains mechanical signal
Afterwards, drawing the load-deformation curve of coal sample under 5 loading speeds, (see Fig. 4, σ indicates stress in figure, and unit MPa, μ expression is answered
Become).Then the mechanical property parameters for obtaining coal sample are arranged according to test result, are shown in Table 2.
The mechanical property parameters of 2 coal sample of table
In table, F is peak load, σbFor compression strength, E is elasticity modulus, and Φ is compression ratio.
Then, different according to the compression strength of coal sample, compression ratio under 5 loading speeds in table 2, with compression strength (compression
Rate) it is ordinate, draw compression strength (compression ratio)-loading speed curve by abscissa of loading speed (see Fig. 5).
As shown in Fig. 6 (a)~(e), it can draw 5 according to the stress signal of acquisition and sound emission shock number signal and add
It carries the stress time curve of coal sample and sound emission under rate and hits number-time graph, wherein stress time curve is given
Using stress as ordinate under loading speed, the time is the Stressing history curve that abscissa is drawn, and number-time is hit in sound emission
Curve is to hit number as ordinate, when the time is that number is hit in the sound emission that abscissa is drawn using sound emission under given loading speed
Between course curve.As shown in Fig. 7 (a)~(e), it can be drawn according to the stress signal of acquisition and sound emission Ring-down count signal
The stress time curve of coal sample and sound emission Ring-down count-time graph under 5 loading speeds, wherein sound emission Ring-down count
Time graph is under given loading speed using sound emission Ring-down count as ordinate, and the time is the sound emission that abscissa is drawn
Ring-down count time history curve.Figure (a) is when be loading velocity be 0.005mm/min, stress and sound emission shock number (ring
Count) time plot, when (b) be loading velocity be 0.0075mm/min, stress and sound emission shock number (Ring-down count)
Time plot, when (c) to be loading velocity be 0.01mm/min, the time that number (Ring-down count) is hit in stress and sound emission is bent
Line chart, when (d) to be loading velocity be 0.0125mm/min, the time plot of number (Ring-down count) is hit in stress and sound emission,
(e) when to be loading velocity be 0.015mm/min, the time plot of number (Ring-down count) is hit in stress and sound emission.By Fig. 6 and
(a)~(e) in Fig. 7 knows that the sound emission of coal sample under 5 loading speeds adds up parameter by analyzing, calculating, and details are shown in Table 3.
Sound emission under 35 loading speeds of table adds up parameter
In table 3, naFor Ring-down count mean value, nmFor maximum Ring-down count, haTo hit number mean value, hmNumber is hit for maximum,
eaFor elastic wave energy mean value, emFor maximum flexibility wave energy.
Coupled mode of the coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter is established according to least square method
TypeWithWhereinFor the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, v is loading speed, haFor sound emission
Hit number mean value, naFor sound emission Ring-down count mean value.
Coupling model is specific as follows:
Wherein C1、C2It is coefficient, y1、w1、y2、w2It is index.
Based on least square method, the first program 1 and loading speed and sound emission in call list 3 of operation Matlab software
Number mean value, Ring-down count mean value are hit, the C under corresponding different loading speeds is respectively obtained1、C2、y1、w1、y2、w2, result is such as
Shown in table 4.
The undetermined parameter that table 4 is calculated
Prediction of compressive strength value is calculated again, then runs the program 2 of Matlab software, obtains Prediction of compressive strength value
The probability value P that relative coefficient R and the two correlation with measured value are zero, the results are shown in Table 5.
5 relative coefficient of table
In table 5, the relative coefficient of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is above 0.8, it can be determined that coupling model
Reliability is higher, illustrates that the prediction technique is feasible.
The correlation curve of Prediction of compressive strength value and compression strength measured value in test every time can finally be drawn (see Fig. 8).
(a) is the correlation curve that Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value that number mean value obtains are hit by loading speed, sound emission in Fig. 8；
(b) for by the correlation curve of loading speed, the Prediction of compressive strength value that Ring-down count mean value obtains and measured value.
In summary, it can establish the compression strength of coal sample according to the loading speed of coal sample and corresponding acoustic emission parameters
With the coupling model of characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.By coupling model of the invention, using the acoustic emission parameters in loading procedure and add
It carries rate and obtains the highest stress that coal sample can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process, and to the intensity and safety of coal sample
Property is made prediction.
Program 1
Program 2:
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for building up of the coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, which is characterized in that
Its method for building up the following steps are included:
The first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system, which includes compression of electronic Material Testing Machine,
For needing to select to carry out uniaxial compression test to coal sample using load, displacement or strain loading control mode and adopt according to test
Collect mechanical signal；Acoustic emission sensor, for the acoustie emission event in deformation failure to be counted and stored automatically, and acquisition sound is sent out
Signal is penetrated, is realized to the Acoustic Emission Real-Time Monitoring during test；Signal transmission apparatus is used for compression of electronic Material Testing Machine
Or the mechanical signal or acoustic emission signal of acoustic emission sensor acquisition are sent to computer system；Computer system is used for basis
The mechanical signal of signal transmission apparatus conveying, acoustic emission signal extract mechanical characteristics value and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter value, in turn
Establish the coupling model of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter under different loading speeds；Go to second step；
Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression, complete by given loading speed under second step, the different loading speeds of building
Mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal at uniaxial compression test and log, while during acquisition test in real time；Turn
To third step；
Third step, building coal sample compression strength are about the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.
2. the foundation of the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that design the loading speed of at least level Four different level in second step, and carried out by the loading speed of setting
Uniaxial compression test, real-time synchronization acquisition test during mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal, mechanical signal include stress and
Strain, acoustic emission signal include that number and Ring-down count are hit in sound emission.
3. the foundation of the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 2
Method, which is characterized in that coal sample compression strength is constructed in third step about the coupling between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter
The specific method of model sequentially carries out according to the following steps:
(1) stress-strain under different loading speeds is drawn according to the mechanical signal that compression of electronic Material Testing Machine acquires and answered
Power-time signal curve, while the shock under different loading speeds is drawn according to the acoustic emission signal that acoustic emission sensor acquires
Number-time and Ring-down count-time graph；
(2) analysis load-deformation curve determines the compression strength of coal sample under different loading speeds, while counting Experimental on acoustic emission
Acoustic emission signal data obtain the sound emission under different loading speeds and hit number mean value and Ring-down count mean value；
(3) mechanics parameter and sound emission characteristic parameter under different loading speeds are obtained, the mechanics parameter includes that peak value carries
Lotus, compression strength, elasticity modulus and compression ratio, the sound emission spy parameter include that sound emission shock number mean value and Ring-down count are equal
Value；
(4) multivariate regression models is established based on least square method, obtains coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and is sent out about loading speed, sound
The coupling model for hitting number mean value or Ring-down count mean value is penetrated, wherein the independent variable of regression model is loading speed and corresponding load
Number mean value or Ring-down count mean value are hit in sound emission under rate, and regressive object variable is coal sample compression strength.
4. the foundation of the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 3
Method, which is characterized in that coal sample uniaxial compressive strength hits the coupling of number mean value about loading speed, sound emission in step (4)
Model is
Wherein, v is loading speed, haNumber mean value is hit for sound emission,For the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, C, y, w
It is undetermined parameter.
5. the foundation of the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 4
Method, which is characterized in that calculate coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and hit in the coupling model of number mean value about loading speed, sound emission
The specific method of undetermined parameter C, y, w sequentially carry out as follows:
(a) logarithm is taken to obtain (3) formula at (1) formula both ends；
(b) test number (TN) is set as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each test is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
(c) the log error formula of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
(d) by least square method, the total sum of squares of error in step (c) is obtained, total sum of squares formula is as follows:
(e) it enables
ByAcquisition formula (6)~(8)；
(f) formula (6)~(8) are converted into matrix equation (9),
(g) y, w, η are solved, and then obtains the value of C, y, w.
6. the foundation of the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 3
Method, which is characterized in that coupling of the coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed, sound emission Ring-down count mean value in step (4)
Molding type is
Wherein, v is loading speed, naFor sound emission Ring-down count mean value,For the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, C, y,
W is undetermined parameter.
7. the foundation of the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 6
Method, which is characterized in that (2) formula is solved according to least square method, obtains coal sample uniaxial compressive strength about loading speed, sound
Emit the value of undetermined parameter C, y, w in the coupling model of Ring-down count mean value.
8. according to the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity of claim 5 or 7 and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter
Method for building up, which is characterized in that further include step (5) in third step:
(5) by test mechanics parameter and sound emission hit number mean value or Ring-down count mean value and substitute into multiple regression mould respectively
In type, Prediction of compressive strength value is obtained, is then compared Prediction of compressive strength value with measured value, and calculates the two correlation
Coefficient analyzes the reliability of multivariate regression models.
9. the foundation of the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that it is 50 millimeters that the coal sample, which takes nominal diameter, is highly 100 millimeters of standard sample.
10. a kind of coal sample intensity and the coupling model of loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter are built according to claim 1
Cube method, which is characterized in that the acoustic emission sensor is piezoceramic transducer, is distinguished in top, the lower part of the coal sample
Equipped with 4 acoustic emission sensors.
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