CN107135854A - A kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system and its method - Google Patents
A kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107135854A CN107135854A CN201710389748.9A CN201710389748A CN107135854A CN 107135854 A CN107135854 A CN 107135854A CN 201710389748 A CN201710389748 A CN 201710389748A CN 107135854 A CN107135854 A CN 107135854A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/26—Electric devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system and its method, including greenhouse body, more fan skylight, multiple fans, wet curtain, multiple A.C. contactors, multiple motors and controller；The switching control that the present invention is set according to the relation of indoor temperature and design temperature bound can ensure that the greenhouse cooling system automatically switches between different operational modes, the different cooling demand in greenhouse can be met, and takes full advantage of Natural Ventilation Mode to reduce greenhouse cooling energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of greenhouse automatic control system, more particularly to a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system and
Its method.
Background technology
Greenhouse can provide suitable microclimate environment for crop, therefore many greenhouses can realize whole year production, and obtain
Obtain higher crop yield.Greenhouse also consumes very big energy while high yield is obtained.The greenhouse energy consumption master of cold district
It is used to heat；And the greenhouse energy consumption of subtropical zone and torrid areas is mainly used in cooling.Southern china is located in subtropical zone,
1 year most of the time, medium temperature chamber was required for cooling to operate.Be usually mounted with a variety of cooling systems in greenhouse, such as skylight, fan,
Wet curtain, sprayer and sunshade net etc..If these equipment can be continuously adjusted, then many ripe controlling parties can be used
Method, the method such as PID control, robust control, Feedforward-feedback control, Self Adaptive Control, fuzzy control, Model Predictive Control.
But limited by factors such as construction cost and managerial skills, most of execution equipment in Chinese greenhouse is switching mode equipment, and
The position for not having controlling organization is fed back, therefore can not realize continuously adjusting for controlled quentity controlled variable.Now, many traditional control methods are then difficult
To use.
According to the switching characteristic of actuator, greenhouse cooling system can be divided into different cooling modes, for example, led to naturally
Wind, force ventilation etc..Except wet curtain-blower fan cooling mode, gravity-flow ventilation sometimes, force ventilation also disclosure satisfy that cooling is required.
This means having, a variety of cooling methods are available.But for planting household, select which kind of cooling method and when select
This cooling method, not a duck soup.In practice, planting household be typically by rule of thumb, the switching of manually implemented different cooling methods, but
This is it cannot be guaranteed that Greenhouse operation is in energy consumption optimum state, and is also very laborious.It is therefore desirable to study different cooling sides
Energy-conservation auto-changeover control strategy between formula.In view of in Greenhouse System, the physical quantity of existing consecutive variations, such as greenhouse
Air themperature and the outdoor environment factor, have the switching value for performing equipment, therefore Greenhouse System can be regarded as one is mixed again
Miscellaneous system.
The greenhouse in south China area was required for cooling to operate within 1 year most of the time.Skylight or side window are only installed
Greenhouse can not meet cooling requirement of the greenhouse within long duration summer.If installing a variety of cooling systems, such as skylight, wind
Fan, wet curtain etc..Due to reasons such as greenhouse construction cost and managerial skills, switch drive mode is used indoor execution equipment more.
For planting household, how to coordinate these cooling systems, be a difficult thing.Numerous switch controlling signals cause base
The control method designed in traditional Theory of Automatic Control and modern control theory can not be used.So far many planting households be still with
Experience, according to the different cooling system of outdoor environmental conditions manual switching, but this is very laborious.It is manual sometimes for avoiding
Switching, planting household only regulates and controls indoor temperature using fan, i.e., this kind of cooling method using only force ventilation.But ignore it
Its cooling method can cause the increase of Greenhouse operation energy consumption, and this runs counter to the original intention that a variety of cooling systems are installed when greenhouse is built.Have
Scholar proposes to realize continuously adjusting for equipment using frequency conversion drive, so as to use advanced control method.But increase becomes
Greenhouse construction cost can be significantly increased in frequency driving equipment.How not change greenhouse existing equipment and not increase extra charge
Under the premise of, realize that the automatic synchronization control that a variety of switching modes perform equipment is that current greenhouse micro-climate control process is faced
The problem of.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention：A kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system and its method are provided, can realize skylight, fan,
The automatic synchronization control of these three switching mode cooling systems of wet curtain, and it is simple and easy to apply.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system, including greenhouse body, fan skylight, multiple fans, wet curtain, multiple exchanges more
Contactor, multiple motors and controller；Described many fan skylights are respectively separated installed in the top of described greenhouse body,
Described multiple fans are respectively separated on the southern side end face of described greenhouse body, and described wet curtain is arranged on described
On the north side end face of greenhouse body；The one end of one end of described controller respectively with described multiple A.C. contactors is connected,
The connection corresponding with one end of described multiple motors respectively of the other end of described multiple A.C. contactors, described is multiple
Motor connection corresponding with described many fan skylights respectively, described many fan skylights pass through described multiple motors respectively
Folding.
A kind of temperature in greenhouse cooling handover control system and its method, described greenhouse body is designated as Tin, it is described
Temperature upper limit setting value in greenhouse body is designated as Th, limit setting value is designated as T at the temperature in described greenhouse bodyl；For machine
Tool is divulged information with for wet curtain-fan for cooling, and outage threshold is designated as Tstop；This method at least comprises the following steps：
Step 1：When initial, all execution equipment are not worked in described greenhouse body, and described greenhouse body is in
Passive Mode.
Step 2：When temperature reaches setting higher limit T in described greenhouse bodyhWhen, described greenhouse body is by by dynamic model
Formula switches to Natural Ventilation Mode.
Step 3：When described greenhouse body is run under Natural Ventilation Mode, if temperature exists in described greenhouse body
Setting range (Tl, Th) in, then it is continually maintained under gravity-flow ventilation and runs；If temperature exceedes upper in described greenhouse body
Limit value Th, then described greenhouse body switches to force ventilation pattern；If temperature is reduced to down in described greenhouse body
Limit value Tl, described greenhouse body then switches to Passive Mode.
Step 4：When described greenhouse body is run under force ventilation pattern, if at the appointed time can not be described
Greenhouse body in temperature be reduced to outage threshold Tstop, described greenhouse body then switches to wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern；Instead
It, switches to Natural Ventilation Mode.
Step 5：When described greenhouse body is run under wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern, in described greenhouse body
When temperature is reduced to outage threshold, switch Natural Ventilation Mode；Otherwise, it is continually maintained under wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern and runs.
The switching control that the present invention is set according to the relation of indoor temperature and design temperature bound can ensure the temperature
Room cooling system automatically switches between different operational modes, can meet the different cooling demand in greenhouse, and take full advantage of
Natural Ventilation Mode reduces greenhouse cooling energy consumption.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of control principle drawing of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of control method flow chart of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention.
Fig. 4 is that the outside air temperature of the emulation experiment of a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method becomes
Change figure.
Fig. 5 is that the outside relative humidity of the emulation experiment of a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method becomes
Change figure.
Fig. 6 is that the outdoor solar radiation of the emulation experiment of a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method becomes
Change figure.
Fig. 7 is the outdoor wind speed change of the emulation experiment of a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method
Figure.
Fig. 8 be a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method scheme 1 in it is indoor under new control strategy
Temperature variation (prediction time domain is 10 minutes).
Fig. 9 be a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method scheme 1 in refer to control strategy under room
Interior temperature variation.
Figure 10 be a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method scheme 2 in refer to control strategy under room
Interior temperature variation.
Figure 11 be a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method scheme 2 in it is indoor under new control strategy
Temperature variation (prediction time domain is 10 minutes).
Figure 12 be a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method scheme 3 in refer to control strategy under room
Interior temperature variation.
Figure 13 be a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system of the invention and its method scheme 3 in it is indoor under new control strategy
Temperature variation (prediction time domain is 10 minutes).
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Refer to shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system, including greenhouse body 1, fan day more
Window 2, multiple fans 3, wet curtain 4, multiple A.C. contactors 5, multiple motors 6 and controller 7；2 points described of many fan skylights
The top of described greenhouse body 1 Jian Ge be arranged on, described multiple fans 3 are respectively separated installed in described greenhouse body
On 1 southern side end face, described wet curtain 4 is arranged on the north side end face of described greenhouse body 1；The one of described controller 7
Hold one end respectively with described multiple A.C. contactors 5 to be connected, the other ends of described multiple A.C. contactors 5 respectively with institute
One end correspondence for the multiple motors 6 stated is connected, and described multiple motors 6 are corresponding with described many fan skylights 2 respectively
Connection, described many fan skylights 2 pass through the described folding of multiple motors 6 respectively.
Refer to shown in accompanying drawing 3, a kind of control method of greenhouse cooling handover control system, in described greenhouse body 1
Temperature be designated as Tin, the temperature upper limit setting value in described greenhouse body 1 is designated as Th, the temperature in described greenhouse body 1
Lower limit set value is designated as Tl；For force ventilation and wet curtain-fan for cooling, outage threshold is designated as Tstop；This method is at least
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1：When initial, all execution equipment do not work in described greenhouse body 1, at described greenhouse body 1
In Passive Mode.Because solar radiation and outdoor temperature are higher, indoor temperature can be gradually increasing.
Step 2：When temperature reaches setting higher limit T in described greenhouse body 1hWhen, described greenhouse body 1 is by passive
Pattern switching is to Natural Ventilation Mode.
Step 3：When described greenhouse body 1 is run under Natural Ventilation Mode, if temperature in described greenhouse body 1
In setting range (Tl, Th) in, then it is continually maintained under gravity-flow ventilation and runs；If temperature exceedes in described greenhouse body 1
Higher limit Th, then described greenhouse body 1 switches to force ventilation pattern；If temperature is reduced in described greenhouse body 1
To lower limit Tl, described greenhouse body 1 then switches to Passive Mode.
Step 4：When described greenhouse body 1 is run under force ventilation pattern, if in the stipulated time (with 10 in Fig. 3
Minute exemplified by) in temperature in described greenhouse body 1 can not be reduced to outage threshold Tstop, described greenhouse body 1 then cuts
Shift to wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern；Conversely, switching to Natural Ventilation Mode.
Step 5：When described greenhouse body 1 is run under wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern, when described greenhouse body 1
When interior temperature is reduced to outage threshold, switch Natural Ventilation Mode；Otherwise, it is continually maintained under wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern and transports
OK.
For two kinds of cooling modes of force ventilation and wet curtain-fan for cooling, when temperature is down to the stopping in greenhouse body 1
Threshold value TstopWhen, it is out of service, to reduce cooling energy consumption.Outage threshold TstopCertain numerical value between bound can be taken as.
Controller 7 controls three kinds of execution equipment by A.C. contactor 5 and motor 6.Greenhouse operation is divided first
Pattern.According to these three execution equipment switch combination state, the operational mode in greenhouse be divided into gravity-flow ventilation, force ventilation and
Wet curtain-fan for cooling Three models.When all devices do not work, greenhouse is claimed to be in Passive Mode.The operation in greenhouse
Journey regards the process constantly switched between these four operational modes as.Then by controller 7 according to Air Temperature in greenhouse body 1
Degree and the relation of set bound, send the switching command of operational mode, so as to realize the switching of different operational modes.Assuming that
Greenhouse body 1 is initially in Passive Mode.When temperature rises to set higher limit in greenhouse body 1, greenhouse enters certainly
Right air vent mode.When Natural Ventilation Mode can not set temperature control in greenhouse body 1 below higher limit, then switch to
The stronger force ventilation pattern of ability.If temperature in greenhouse body 1 can not be reduced to certain by force ventilation at the appointed time
At setting value, then wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern is switched to.When temperature in greenhouse body 1 is down to certain by wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern
At setting value, then Natural Ventilation Mode is switched to.If force ventilation at the appointed time can drop temperature in greenhouse body 1
To certain setting value, Natural Ventilation Mode is also switched to.Under Natural Ventilation Mode, when temperature is down to setting in greenhouse body 1
During lower limit, greenhouse body 1 then switches to Passive Mode.
Gravity-flow ventilation hardly consumed energy, the preferred manner that usually greenhouse body 1 cools.Force ventilation and wet curtain-
The energy consumption of blower fan cooling method substantially increases, but its cooling capacity is significantly enhanced.Especially wet curtain-blower fan cooling, can be by
Temperature is down to below ambient temperature in greenhouse body 1.
Indoor air temperature forecast model in the case of two kinds of coolings of gravity-flow ventilation and force ventilation is as shown in (1) formula：
ΔTi(k+1)=α Δs Tot(k)+βRout(k)+ε (1)
And the indoor air temperature forecast model under wet curtain-blower fan cooling is as shown in (2) formula：
ΔTi(k+1)=α Δs Toi(k)+βRout(k)+γΔTpi(k)+ε (2)
Δ T in formulai(k+1) it is difference of the indoor air temperature at k+1 moment and k moment；ΔToi(k) it is indoor and outdoor air
The temperature difference of the temperature at the k moment；Rout(k) it is the intensity of solar radiation at k moment；ΔTpi(k) it is k moment indoor air temperature and wet
The difference of curtain surface temperature；α, β, γ and ε are model coefficient.
Current time is designated as k.When predicting k+i (i ＞ 1) moment indoor temperature, then need to obtain k+i-1 moment outdoor phase
Close envirment factor.But the envirment factor of future time instance is unknown in actual applications, and inconvenience is predicted exactly.Lazyboot
Weather forecasting is a kind of method simple and easy to apply, and the basic thought of the Forecasting Methodology assumes that other correlative links in prediction time domain
The border factor keeps its newest measured value constant.When predicting that time domain is not long, the Forecasting Methodology is effective.
Greenhouse cooling energy-conservation switching control strategy design is as follows.The bound temperature of cooling is designated as T respectivelyHAnd TL.Build first
Found the temperature prediction model under every kind of cooling mode.Then when indoor temperature rises to THWhen, using under every kind of cooling method
The change of indoor temperature in the following finite time-domain of temperature model prediction.Because the energy that gravity-flow ventilation is consumed is seldom, therefore having
In limit prediction time domain, as long as temperature prediction value is no more than or slightly below temperature upper limit TH, then gravity-flow ventilation be possible to by
Using.Because force ventilation and wet curtain-blower fan cooling are active cooling method, there is energy expenditure in whole process, so
Only predicting that they are possible to be used when indoor temperature can be reduced to the average value of bound in time domain.Full
On the premise of foot cooling is required, the minimum cooling method of selection energy consumption.Each indoor temperature rises to THWhen, all repeat such
Operation, so as to realize the automatic energy saving switching control of different cooling methods.Assuming that greenhouse is initially in passive state, work as Indoor Temperature
Degree rises to higher limit THWhen, specific control strategy is as follows：
Here subscript n v, mv and pf represents gravity-flow ventilation, force ventilation and wet curtain-blower fan cooling respectively.Tnv(k+nj|k)、
Tmv(k+nj| k) and Tpf(k+nj| it is respectively k) three kinds of cooling methods in k+njThe temperature prediction value at moment；Jnv, JmAnd JpfRespectively
For the estimation energy consumption of corresponding cooling method；Pj(j=1,2,3) is the operation power of three kinds of cooling methods；nj× Δ t (j=1,2,
3) it is the run time of equipment in three kinds of cooling methods, wherein Δ t is the sampling interval；njReceived shipment row is divided into for different cooling methods
Lasting sampling period number.
Control strategy, and research influence drop are referred in order to contrast new control strategy and one under identical environment
The factor of temperature energy-conservation is, it is necessary to a greenhouse temperature simulation model.For the greenhouse cooling system described by upper section, establish as follows
Greenhouse temperature mechanism model：
ρ in formulaaFor atmospheric density (g/m3)；CaFor air specific heat capacity (J/ (g DEG C))；VgFor greenhouse volume (m3)；Tin(t)
Indoor air temperature (DEG C)；T is the time (s)；Qrad(t) solar radiation power (W)；Qtran(t) power that Crop transpirstion absorbs
(W)；Qexch(t) by the indoor and outdoor air hot exchange power (W) of coating；Qnv(t) gravity-flow ventilation power loss (W)；Qmv(t)
Force ventilation power loss (W)；Qpad(t) power loss (W) of wet curtain-blower fan cooling；T is the time (s)；xj(j=1,2,3)
For the switching value of three kinds of cooling methods, its value is taken as 0 and 1, and (0 represents to close；1 represents to open).From actually controlling situation,
Switching value xj(j=1,2,3) can only at most have a value to be 1 at any time.
Refer to shown in accompanying drawing 4 to accompanying drawing 7, during using above-mentioned greenhouse temperature mechanism simulation model, it is desirable to provide outdoor empty
Temperature degree, relative humidity, the measurement data of intensity of solar radiation and wind speed these four envirment factors.By taking In Nanjing as an example,
Select a fine day on April 22nd, 2014.Because night greenhouse need not cool, therefore emulate only in progress on daytime.Emulation is real
The period tested is set to 7：30~16：30.The wind speed of gravity-flow ventilation is obtained according to wind scale with the wind speed table of comparisons.In order to
Reduce the influence of wind direction, have selected the minimum windspeed value corresponding to wind scale.
Facility in emulation experiment is configured according to above-mentioned actual greenhouse situation.The southern side wall of greenhouse body 1 is installed
There are 4 fans 3, driven by same control signal, i.e., 4 fans 3 are opened and closed simultaneously.After they are opened, greenhouse body 1
Then run on force ventilation pattern.Greenhouse north side wall is provided with a wet curtain 4.The wet curtain of greenhouse body 1-fan for cooling pattern is
4 fans 3 and wet curtain 4 are opened simultaneously.Because actual greenhouse skylight 2 can not be opened, it is assumed here that day window ara is greenhouse area
1/10, its subtended angle be 30 °.Fan 3, wet curtain 4 do not work, and when only skylight 2 is opened, greenhouse body 1 runs on nature
Air vent mode.The top of greenhouse body 1 is provided with external sunshade net, and its light transmittance is 50%.Because forecast model includes solar radiation
Intensity, therefore the working condition of sunshade net can influence model prediction result.Switch characteristic based on sunshade net, to formula (1)
It is corrected respectively with formula (2), shown in revised temperature prediction model such as formula (4) and formula (5).
ΔTi(k+1)=α Δs Toi(k)+β(1-x4η)Rout(k)+ε (4)
ΔTi(k+1)=α Δs Tot(k)+β(1-x4η)Rout(k)+γΔTpi(k)+ε (5)
X4 is the control signal of sunshade net in formula, and 1 represents expansion；0 representative is packed up.η is the light transmittance of sunshade net.
Calculating Greenhouse operation energy consumption needs the operation power of various equipment.The rated power of each fan is 1KW；Wet curtain
Motor power (output) is 2KW；Compared with force ventilation and wet curtain-blower fan cooling, the energy consumption of sunshade net and skylight is very small, therefore
Here it is ignored.
When indoor temperature exceedes upper limit set value, perform the above-mentioned control strategy than Table Design to select suitable drop
Warm pattern.When indoor temperature is reduced to a certain extent, then need to become stopping cooling.The condition that every kind of cooling method operation stops
Set as follows：According to gravity-flow ventilation, then as long as indoor temperature is not less than lower limit set value, then need not close skylight 2.If adopting
With force ventilation or wet curtain-blower fan cooling method, when indoor temperature is down to the average value of bound, then stopping is acted.Due to
The working condition of sunshade net depends on intensity of solar radiation, therefore sunshade net is individually controlled, and correlation sets as follows：Work as the sun
Radiation intensity is more than 420W/m2When, open sunshade net；When intensity of solar radiation is down to 400W/m2When, close sunshade net.
It was found from above-mentioned control strategy, difference prediction time domain length may produce influence to the switching of cooling mode, from
And Greenhouse operation energy consumption is influenceed, therefore be here respectively set to prediction time domain 5,6,8,10,12,15,20 minutes, it is pre- to study
Survey influence of the time domain length to greenhouse cooling operation energy consumption.Temperature bound can also influence on greenhouse cooling energy consumption, so
Here there is provided three kinds of temperature upper lower limit values, respectively 20 DEG C and 30 DEG C, 24 DEG C and 30 DEG C, 22 DEG C and 32 DEG C.In these three feelings
Above-mentioned emulation experiment is carried out under condition respectively.For the ease of distinguishing these three situations, scheme 1,2 and 3 is labeled as successively respectively.
Temperature prediction model is before the use, it is necessary to be recognized.For convenience, it is respectively nature to set first three cooling
Ventilation, force ventilation and wet curtain-blower fan cooling, and temperature-fall period at least continues 3 minutes every time, is carried out with obtaining enough data
Model Distinguish.Here it is 20 seconds to set data collection cycle.After first three cooling, start to be cooled using new control strategy
Control.Over time, the forecasting accuracy of model will be more and more lower, because except the influence factor of model consideration
Outside, long-wave radiation, crop canopies and soil etc. have influenceed on indoor air temperature.In order to keep model prediction
Accuracy, must upgrade in time model coefficient in temperature-fall period.Following setting is done：It is continuous under any cooling method
When the environmental data of acquisition exceedes required minimum identification number, then the temperature prediction model under the cooling method is distinguished again
Know.Nearly all can be with because the data that Model Distinguish needs are less and the sampling period is shorter, therefore in each temperature-fall period
Update model coefficient.Those influences of slow time-varying factor to model prediction accuracy so can be effectively overcome, so that model
Keep accurate forecast function.
In order to study the energy-saving effect of this paper institutes extracting method, devise one and do not use the reference of temperature prediction model to switch
Control strategy.This, based on fixed switching law, is described in detail below with reference to control strategy：Assuming that greenhouse is at the beginning in passive
Pattern, sunshade net is packed up.When temperature exceedes upper limit set value, first using gravity-flow ventilation.When gravity-flow ventilation can not be by interior
When temperature is down to below the upper limit, force ventilation is switched to.If force ventilation can not cool the temperature to the flat of bound in 5 minutes
Average, then switch to wet curtain-blower fan cooling method.When needing cooling every time, the cooling mould that the strategy was used using last time
Formula.It is still preferred gravity-flow ventilation when having cooling demand after sunshade net is opened, and repeats switching law above.Except cutting
Change outside rule, other all settings with reference to control strategy are identical with new control strategy.
Refer to shown in accompanying drawing 8 to accompanying drawing 13, simulation result shows that indoor temperature can be effectively controlled in setting range,
This shows that above two control strategy disclosure satisfy that control is required.In each scheme, due to predicting the length of time domain not
Together, the process of greenhouse temperature dynamic change is slightly different.In scheme 1, when it is 10 minutes to predict time domain, under new control strategy
Indoor temperature dynamic change it is as shown in Figure 9.Dynamic change with reference to indoor temperature under control strategy is as shown in Figure 8.Two kinds of controls
The run time and its switching times of the lower cooling method of system strategy are provided in Tables 1 and 2 respectively.It is corresponding imitative in scheme 2
True result is respectively in Figure 10, Figure 11, table 3 and table 4.And in scheme 3, corresponding simulation result is respectively in Figure 12, Figure 13, table
5 and table 6 in.According to the power of related facility in emulation experiment, the cooling operation energy consumption of various control strategies, such as table 7 are calculated
It is shown.
The run time of the different lower cooling methods of cooling strategy in the scheme 1 of table 1.
The switching times of the different lower cooling methods of cooling strategy in the scheme 1 of table 2.
The run time of the different lower cooling methods of cooling strategy in the scheme 2 of table 3.
The switching times of the different lower cooling methods of cooling strategy in the scheme 2 of table 4.
The run time of the different lower cooling methods of cooling strategy in the scheme 3 of table 5.
The switching times of the different lower cooling methods of cooling strategy in the scheme 3 of table 6.
Cooling energy consumption (KW.h) under the different control strategies of table 7.
In scheme 1 and scheme 2, the Main Differences that greenhouse temperature changes under two kinds of control strategies show post drop mistake
Cheng Zhong.With reference to control strategy switched over according to unalterable rules every time during cooling, and new control strategy is according to model prediction knot
Fruit judges.Therefore new control strategy has adaptivity, and can select gravity-flow ventilation in time, and this is for reducing greenhouse drop
Warm operation energy consumption is very effective.As a result show, new control strategy has shown good energy-saving effect.But in scheme 3,
Required because gravity-flow ventilation can meet cooling, therefore new control strategy does not show power savings advantages, or even new control strategy
Because having used force ventilation and wet curtain-blower fan cooling in first three fixed cooling than consuming more energy with reference to control strategy
Amount.So when at least needing two kinds of cooling methods, new control strategy can just show its advantage.
The simulation result of scheme 1 and scheme 2 shows, predicts that time domain length is cut to cooling energy consumption and equipment in new control strategy
Changing number of times has influenceed.Under Natural Ventilation Mode, it is difficult to obtain relatively low predicted value when predicting that time domain is shorter, because natural
Aeration-cooling ability is very weak.Conversely, when predicting that time domain is longer, relatively low temperature prediction value can be obtained.Therefore when prediction
When time domain is longer, new control strategy can select gravity-flow ventilation to be cooled more and more, and correspondingly energy consumption is also fewer.This
Outside, simulation result is also indicated that, with prediction time domain growth, equipment operation switching times slightly have reduction, this be it is extraordinary,
Because less switching times are helpful for extension device service life.But prediction time domain should not set oversize, because
For outdoor environment factor data is provided in model prediction using lazyboot's weather prediction method.In terms of above-mentioned simulation result, prediction
Time domain be arranged on 10~20 minutes between when, the energy consumption of new control strategy is more stable, and with reference to compared with control strategy, energy-conservation
Effect is more than 15%.
Compared with scheme 1, limited at the temperature in scheme 2 and be changed to 24 DEG C by 20 DEG C.Various drops according to described in 2.3 sections
The stop condition of warm mode understands that the temperature bandwidth of various cooling method work is reduced, and this can cause the frequent of cooling method
Switch.In addition, the change of cooling stop condition also has an impact to cooling energy consumption.It is indoor in temperature-fall period according to correlative study
Temperature change is in exponential rule, it means that as indoor temperature is gradually reduced, and 1 DEG C of reduction may require that increasing energy
Amount.So compared with scheme 1, the cooling operation energy consumption of each control strategy slightly has reduction in scheme 2.In actual applications, to close
Reason sets the condition that various cooling methods stop, to be obtained between greenhouse cooling operation energy consumption and facility switching frequent degree
Balance.
Compared with scheme 1, the temperature range of scheme 3 is changed into (22~32 DEG C) from (20~30 DEG C).Simulation result shows
Cooling energy consumption in two schemes differs widely.Gravity-flow ventilation is used only in scheme 3 can just meet cooling requirement, therefore temperature
Room temperature-fall period hardly consumed energy.It can be seen that, temperature upper limit has a significant impact to greenhouse cooling energy consumption.Temperature upper limit is got over
Height, cooling operation energy consumption is fewer.Therefore in practice, it is necessary to temperature range required for considering plant growth, to set
Suitable temperature upper limit is put, to reach the purpose for reducing greenhouse cooling energy consumption.Can also be former according to accumulated temperature in research from now on
Reason has reached the purpose more saved to set variable temperature upper limit.
Because the automatic energy saving switching for focusing on three kinds of cooling modes with restriction relation of the present invention, does not have
Quantitative analysis is carried out to the cooling-down effect of sunshade net.But this is not to say that sunshade net is inessential.On the contrary, from simulation result
As can be seen that sunshade net is very important for reducing cooling energy consumption.In scheme 1 and scheme 2, it is opened in sunshade net
Before, gravity-flow ventilation can not meet cooling and require, therefore carry out actively cooling several times.But after sunshade net is opened, open
Dynamic natural ventilation system can meet cooling and require.In scheme 3, it can also be seen that sunshade net is for reducing the energy consumption that cools
Material impact.It can be seen that sunshade is very effective for greenhouse cooling, cooling energy consumption can be reduced.In actual production, base
In indoor crops photosynthesis to factors such as the demands and power conservation requirement of solar radiation quantity, to set rational sunshade net to switch
Threshold value.
It is last easily to be realized it should be noted that carrying control strategy herein.The final goal of hothouse production is desirable to
Economic interests are maximized, therefore have some to turn to the optimal control side that target carries out greenhouse environment parameter with economic interests maximum
Method.But they are infeasible in practice, main cause is crop yield estimating model and the prediction knot of future market price
Fruit is simultaneously unreliable.By contrast, it is that different cooling sides are realized with energy consumption minimum optimization aim in greenhouse in finite time-domain herein
The energy-conservation switching control of formula, with more feasibility.
In summary, the switching control that the present invention is set according to the relation of indoor temperature and design temperature bound can be with
Ensure that the greenhouse cooling system automatically switches between different operational modes, the different cooling demand in greenhouse can be met, and fill
Divide and make use of Natural Ventilation Mode to reduce greenhouse cooling energy consumption.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize
The equivalent structure transformation that present specification is made, or directly or indirectly with the technology neck for being attached to other Related products
Domain, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of greenhouse cooling handover control system, it is characterised in that：Including greenhouse body, fan skylight, multiple fans, wet more
Curtain, multiple A.C. contactors, multiple motors and controller；Described many fan skylights are respectively separated installed in described greenhouse
The top of main body, described multiple fans are respectively separated on the southern side end face of described greenhouse body, described wet curtain
On the north side end face of described greenhouse body；One end of described controller respectively with described multiple A.C. contactors
One end connection, the other end of described multiple A.C. contactors is corresponding with one end of described multiple motors respectively to be connected
Connect, described multiple motors connection corresponding with described many fan skylights respectively, described many fan skylights are respectively by described
Multiple motor foldings.
2. a kind of control method of greenhouse cooling handover control system applied to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Greenhouse body in temperature be designated as Tin, the temperature upper limit setting value in described greenhouse body is designated as Th, described greenhouse master
Setting value is limited at internal temperature and is designated as Tl；For force ventilation and wet curtain-fan for cooling, outage threshold is designated as Tstop；
This method at least comprises the following steps：
Step 1：When initial, all execution equipment do not work in described greenhouse body, and it is passive that described greenhouse body is in
Pattern；
Step 2：When temperature reaches setting higher limit T in described greenhouse bodyhWhen, described greenhouse body is cut by Passive Mode
Shift to Natural Ventilation Mode；
Step 3：When described greenhouse body is run under Natural Ventilation Mode, if temperature is in setting in described greenhouse body
Scope (Tl, Th) in, then it is continually maintained under gravity-flow ventilation and runs；If temperature exceedes higher limit in described greenhouse body
Th, then described greenhouse body switches to force ventilation pattern；If temperature is reduced to lower limit in described greenhouse body
Tl, described greenhouse body then switches to Passive Mode；
Step 4：When described greenhouse body is run under force ventilation pattern, if at the appointed time can not be described temperature
The main body temperature in room is reduced to outage threshold Tstop, described greenhouse body then switches to wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern；Conversely,
Switch to Natural Ventilation Mode；
Step 5：When described greenhouse body is run under wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern, the temperature in described greenhouse body
When being reduced to outage threshold, switch Natural Ventilation Mode；Otherwise, it is continually maintained under wet curtain-fan for cooling pattern and runs.
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| CN108391541A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-14 | 广东省现代农业装备研究所 | The cool-down method of greenhouse and its inside |
| CN108897351A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-27 | 钟祥博谦信息科技有限公司 | The temperature control system and control method of greenhouse |
| CN108934639A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 福建农林大学 | Refrigeration machine-controllable the cooling system of wet curtain integrated greenhouse |
| CN109511435A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-03-26 | 林旺志 | Movable modularized greenhouse device |
| CN109566279A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-05 | 福州名亨电子科技有限公司 | Temprature control method, device and the ventilating system of mushroom house |
| CN113703494A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-26 | 北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司 | Intelligent and accurate temperature control method for wet curtain |
| CN114760832A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-07-15 | 株式会社未来菜园 | Prediction device |
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