CN107121251A - Seismic simulation testing device and method based on electrohydraulic servo system - Google Patents
Seismic simulation testing device and method based on electrohydraulic servo system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121251A CN107121251A CN201710409567.8A CN201710409567A CN107121251A CN 107121251 A CN107121251 A CN 107121251A CN 201710409567 A CN201710409567 A CN 201710409567A CN 107121251 A CN107121251 A CN 107121251A
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- level table
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of seismic simulation testing device based on electrohydraulic servo system, it includes shake table basis, shear wall, bearing guide rail support system, vibrator, driving member, level table and model casing, bearing guide rail support system includes some bearing elements, each bearing element includes being provided with roller bearing in bottom plate, positioning framework and the cover plate being sequentially arranged from the bottom up, positioning framework；Bearing guide rail support system is connected on the basis of shake table by bottom plate, and level table is connected on cover plate, and model casing is placed on level table, and vibrator is installed on shear wall, and driving member is connected between vibrator and level table；The power that vibrator is produced be transferred to level table it is backward under pass sequentially through cover plate, roller bearing and bottom plate and be transferred on the basis of shake table, model casing is passed up to, by control system collection analysis data to realize the simulation of earthquake.Easy installation and removal, low manufacture cost, good integrity is supported there is provided uniform multi-region, reduces stress concentration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structural model test device and method, more particularly to a kind of ground based on electrohydraulic servo system
Shake simulation test device and method.
Background technology
Earthquake simulation shaking table can not only produce various frequencies, the rule vibrations of amplitude, and can well again
Existing seismic wave, therefore it is the visual plant of earthquake research.The shake table construction of China is arrived since 1960s
There are nearly 50 shaking table systems so far, wherein most is from external import.But shake table construction is complicated, collection essence
Close machining, electro-hydraulic servo control technology and computer technology are expensive in one, general institution of higher education and scientific research institutions
It is difficult to build.
At present, the domestic experiment to the earthquake simulation shaking table based on electro-hydraulic servo is less, experimental rig and method only pin
Particular model is designed, practicality and popularization be not strong.The electro-hydraulic servo earthquake simulation shaking table of domestic independent research integrates system
System is generally made up of earthquake simulation shaking table basis, level table, vibrator attachment means and supporting and travelling mechanism.Its basis
And level table is reinforced concrete structure, steel welding structure, aluminium alloy or casting magnesium aluminum alloy structure, these materials not only from
Great, cost of manufacture is high, and transporting and hoisting is difficult, and takes test site, and influence electrohydraulic servo system should Other subjects
With.Then structure is complex for its supporting and travelling mechanism, essentially straight type spherical guide, and this type guide rail makes processing will
Ask high, the flatness, glacing flatness and coefficient of friction to guide rail require high, and later maintenance is expensive, is not suitable for and electro-hydraulic servo system
System is supported the use.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of test method is simple, performance stable, easy installation and removal is fabricated to
This relatively low seismic simulation testing device and method based on electrohydraulic servo system.
This seismic simulation testing device based on electrohydraulic servo system that the present invention is provided, it include shake table basis,
Shear wall, bearing guide rail support system, vibrator, driving member, level table and model casing, if bearing guide rail support system includes
Dry bearing element, each bearing element is included in bottom plate, positioning framework and the cover plate being sequentially arranged from the bottom up, positioning framework
Provided with roller bearing；Bearing guide rail support system is connected on the basis of shake table by bottom plate, and level table is connected on cover plate, model
Case is placed on level table, and vibrator is installed on shear wall, and driving member is connected between vibrator and level table；Start and swash
Shake device, the power that vibrator is produced by driving member be transferred to level table it is backward under pass sequentially through cover plate, roller bearing and bottom plate and transmit
To shake table, it is passed up at model casing, and by control system collection analysis data to realize the simulation of earthquake.
The bottom plate is character cut in bas-relief template；The cover plate is inverted U-shaped plate, and the bottom face of its two side extends internally, and is covered
The bottom surface corner of plate is with being provided with semi-circular recesses at the interior joint face of side wall inwall, the bottom surface of cover plate is the low outer high step surfaces of Inner
Engage for the end face with the roller；The positioning framework has multiple, is arranged in parallel between bottom plate and cover plate, each posting
The side wall upper limb of frame is outer to be extended at cantilever, the upper outer rim of cantilever provided with diameter matches in the deep-slotted chip breaker of the arc surface；Roller bearing
It is installed on by bearing between adjacent two positioning framework.
The bearing guide rail support system also includes the steel ball being arranged between the deep-slotted chip breaker and the semi-circular recesses.
The level table, cover plate and model casing are equipped with screwed hole, level table and cover plate, level table and model casing
It is connected respectively by bolt.
Shake table basis is that the foundation bolt for being connected with the bottom plate is provided with the basis of floor, shake table.
The driving member includes vibrator connecting plate and exciting cross bar, and exciting cross bar one end is connected with vibrator, the other end
It is connected with vibrator connecting plate, the opposite side of vibrator connecting plate is connected with the level table.
The median plane of the vibrator is with level table in sustained height plane.
The control system be Full Digitized Servo Control System, including controller, the first displacement transducer, second displacement pass
Sensor, dynamic data acquiring instrument, computer and speed feedback device, the first displacement transducer are used for the position for detecting the exciting cross bar
Move, second displacement sensor is arranged on model casing and connects the data wire of second displacement sensor and dynamic data acquiring instrument
Connect, the connection of dynamic data acquiring instrument be connected with computer, speed feedback device be arranged at first sensor and controller it
Between to increase the damping of system.
The present apparatus also includes the high-speed motion picture camera to record dynamic failure process.
Present invention also offers a kind of earthquake simulation test method based on electrohydraulic servo system, this method is using above-mentioned
Device carries out earthquake simulation test, comprises the following steps：
（1）The quantity of bearing guide rail support system is determined according to the weight of test model, it is minimum for 5, up to 9, then
The assembling of each part is integrated；
（2）Fundamental analysis is carried out to system, corresponding rectification building-out technology is implemented to system on the basis of analysis, to be expired
The dynamic quality of meaning, by the exciting cross beam displacement that the first displacement transducer is detected be converted into electric signal feed back to controller and and
Input signal is compared, to correct output valve；
（3）According to required direction of excitation, model casing is adjusted to transversely or longitudinally and hung on shake table with crane, spiral shell is used
Bolt is fixed on level table；
（4）Add a speed feedback device, to increase the damping of system, realize the speed in frequency characteristic of system 0.001~
It is flat in the range of 30Hz, so as to reach the purpose of reduction waveform distortion；
（5）High-speed motion picture camera is laid before test model, dynamic failure process is recorded；
（6）Second displacement sensor is arranged on model, and by the data wire and Dynamic Data Acquiring of second displacement sensor
Instrument is connected, and the connection of dynamic data acquiring instrument is connected with computer；
（7）The seismic wave for inputting different acceleration magnitudes carries out experimental test.
Bearing guide rail support system is connected on the basis of shake table by the present invention by bottom plate, and level table is connected to cover plate
On, model casing is placed on level table, and vibrator is installed on shear wall, driving member be connected to vibrator and level table it
Between；Start vibrator, vibrator produce power by driving member be transferred to level table it is backward under pass sequentially through cover plate, roller bearing and
Bottom plate is transferred on the basis of shake table, is passed up at model casing, you can the simulation of earthquake is realized, with installing/dismounting side
Just, the relatively low advantage of cost of manufacture.General institution of higher education and scientific research institutions only need to buy a set of electrohydraulic servo system
Carry out shaketalle test and other geotechnical model casees are tested, multidisciplinary experiment can be carried out using existing equipment with maximized.And
And bearing guide rail support system does not produce tilting moment to level table during reusing, due to being run using the supporting of bearing
Pattern, makes the globality of whole system fine, and bearing guide rail support system is reduced additional there is provided the supporting of uniform multi-region
Stress concentration, and horizontal displacement ability and maximum model weight all significantly improve.More valuable is：Such as need further increasing
Level table displacement capacity and vertical bearing capacity, need to only increase in bearing guide rail support system the length of bearing and set up bearing
Quantity can complete the device upgrade of earthquake simulation shaking table overall performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the use state schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 schematic top plan view.（Control system and high-speed motion picture camera are not drawn into）.
Fig. 3 is the main view enlarged diagram of a bearing element in bearing guide rail support system in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 schematic top plan view.（Upper lid is not drawn into）.
Fig. 5 is Fig. 3 schematic side view.
Fig. 6 is the FB(flow block) of the present embodiment.
Illustrate sequence number：
1-shake table basis, 2-shear wall, 3-bearing element, 4-vibrator, 5-driving member, 6-level table, 7-mould
Molding box, 8-control system, 9-high-speed motion picture camera, 31-bottom plate, 32-positioning framework, 33-cover plate, 34-roller bearing, 35-steel
Pearl, 51-vibrator connecting plate, 52-exciting cross bar, 81-controller, the 82-the first displacement transducer, 83-second displacement
Sensor, 84-dynamic data acquiring instrument, 85-computer, 86-speed feedback device.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this seismic simulation testing device based on electrohydraulic servo system that the present embodiment is provided, it
Including shake table basis 1, shear wall 2, the bearing guide rail support system, vibrator 4, the biography that there are multiple five bearing elements 3 to constitute
Moving part 5, level table 6, model casing 7, control system 8 and high-speed motion picture camera 9.Driving member 5 includes vibrator connecting plate 51 and swashed
Shake cross bar 52, and vibrator cross bar one end is connected with vibrator, the other end is connected with exciting connecting plate, the other end of exciting connecting plate
It is connected with the level table, exciting cross bar is located in sustained height plane with level table 6.
As shown in Fig. 3-5, bearing guide rail support system includes five bearing elements 3, and each bearing element includes under
Roller bearing 34 is provided with bottom plate 31, positioning framework 32 and the cover plate 33 being up sequentially arranged, positioning framework, bottom plate 31 is concave character type
Plate；Level table, cover plate and model casing are equipped with screwed hole, and level table passes through respectively with cover plate, level table and model casing
Bolt is connected, in order to dismount, and cover plate 33 is inverted U-shaped plate, and the bottom face of its two side extends internally, the bottom surface four of cover plate
Be provided with semi-circular recesses at the interior joint face of angle and side wall inwall, the bottom surface of cover plate for the low outer high step surfaces of Inner be used for it is described
The end face engaging of roller；The positioning framework has multiple, is arranged in parallel between bottom plate and cover plate, on the side wall of each positioning framework
Edge is outer to be extended at cantilever, the upper outer rim of cantilever provided with diameter matches in the deep-slotted chip breaker of the arc surface；Roller bearing is pacified by bearing
Loaded between adjacent two positioning framework, and steel ball 35 is provided with order to the cunning of cover plate between deep-slotted chip breaker and semi-circular recesses
Dynamic, reduction friction prevents cover plate from misplacing.
As shown in figure 1, control system 8 is Full Digitized Servo Control System, including controller 81, the first displacement transducer
82nd, second displacement sensor 83, dynamic data acquiring instrument 84, computer 85 and speed feedback device 86, the first displacement transducer are used
In the displacement for detecting the exciting cross bar, second displacement sensor is arranged on model casing and and by the number of second displacement sensor
It is connected according to line with dynamic data acquiring instrument, the connection of dynamic data acquiring instrument is connected with computer, speed feedback device is set
To increase the damping of system between the first displacement transducer and controller.
Entered exemplified by testing and the floor and the counterforce device that have for pseudo-static experimental and pseudo are completed in hall
One step illustrates, by basis from the whole big quality floors for laboratory, the quality on integral laboratory floor can so participated in
Vibration, so that the vibration on basis is reduced, while having saved the construction cost on basis.Existing foundation bolt on laboratory floor
Hole position diameter 50mm, hole centre-to-centre spacing 0.5m.
And be five bearing elements by bearing guide rail support system design, each bearing element displacement is 800mm, five
Bearing element arrangement is surrounding respectively arrangement one, intermediate arrangement one, and each bearing element is by bottom plate, positioning framework, rolling
Axle, bearing, cover plate and steel ball composition.Base plate size is designed as 1.2m × 1.2m, corner perforate, for being connected with basis；Bottom
Three positioning frameworks are installed on plate, respectively in the middle part of two side and bottom plate, 32 bearing holes are symmetrically arranged with positioning framework,
For installing bearing.Two side positioning framework upper limb stretches out cantilever part lower edge semicircular in shape groove to overhanging place；Roller bearing is divided to two
Row is symmetrically arranged at corresponding bearing, and roller bearing is made of common hot rolled circular steel, and its intensity is about ten times of concrete, and is plane
Many roll-types, therefore roller bearing intensity can meet requirement completely.Roller bearing diameter is more than mm of frame height 20 or so, and beneficial to rolling,
By many roll-type arrangements of plane, roller bearing spacing is smaller, and roller bearing is more, on the basis of more upper load being delivered to can well, and rolling
Axle edge clear distance is no less than 10 mm, and roller length is sent out no more than 300 millimeters with preventing oblique movement or buckling phenomenon
It is raw.Simultaneously in order to ensure that bearing roller bearing goes slick, butter is filled into the space between roller bearing and framework in advance when mounted, so
Both the effect of lubricious roller bearing had been served, whole mechanical component is protected again, prevents corrosion phenomena；Cover plate is positioned on roller bearing
Side, two ends of cover plate extension downwards, the inside semicircular in shape groove in extended end bottom for laying steel ball, and limits the side of cover plate
To displacement.Cover plate is combined with both sides positioning framework by steel ball, is slided beneficial to cover plate, and reduces friction, prevents cover plate from misplacing.
And level table is set to steel welding structure, level table is formed by two pieces of 2m × 4m steel plate splicings, steel plate thickness
16mm.In steel plate surrounding and centre position perforate, the bolt hole position of lower section bearing element is corresponded to respectively, is used for and bearing element
It is connected, forms overall.Transverse direction and longitudinal direction in the middle of level table respectively opens up 6 bolts hole, for installing mould in level table
Molding box.
Vibrator is the sensible Electro Hydraulic Servo Structural system 1000KN servo starts of the rich power in the existing Beijing in experiment hall
Device（Double rods, double acting）, vibrator connecting plate, exciting cross bar are connected with thereon.Vibrator is arranged on what laboratory had had
On shear wall.Maximum presses to load and pulls to load 1000KN, total kilometres 500mm, structure type：Two ends are MTS structures ten thousand
To spherical hinge structure (gap zero passage is gone in tension and compression), maximum quiet, dynamic test force：1000kN is pressed to, 1000kN, full scale mark is pulled to
It is fixed, stated accuracy ± 0.5%, three stage servovalve flow：340L/min, actuator peak swing：±（0~250 mm）, precision 2%
Rise to full scale ± 0.5%FS.
Control system is Full Digitized Servo Control System with control method, by controller, the first displacement transducer, second
Displacement sensor, dynamic data acquiring instrument, computer, speed feedback device composition.Shake table is joined using displacement, speed and acceleration three
Number Close loop servo control mode.All control passages of system（Load, displacement）, can using 32 totally digitilized waveform generators
Produce triangular wave, sine wave, oblique wave, square wave, the waveform such as composite wave and random wave.Multiple independent experiment tasks can be carried out simultaneously and
It does not interfere with each other.Possess dynamic/quiet method of marking time, end value compensation, phase compensation, peak valley and refer to compensation, adaptive anti-phase control compensation.Platform
Configuration meets grade B servo valve or three stage servovalve driving, possesses data acquisition channel expansion capacity.The port number of control system
For 6, closed-loop control speed is 6KHz.
High-speed motion picture camera is AOS companies of Switzerland（AOS Technologies AG）Release a new generation's TRI-VIT high-speed industrials
Digital camera.The highest resolution of this camera is 1280 × 1024, the frame per second under this resolution ratio up to 1000 frames/
Second.Such high-speed industrial video camera employs ALL-IN-ONE integrated design, by IMAQ, camera control and high speed
Video data recording storage has all been integrated into compact compact video camera fuselage, it is adaptable to both needed mega pixel high-resolution
Rate, needs the various imaging applications occasions of 1000 frames/second high frame per second again.Highest resolution is 1280 × 1024, in this resolution ratio
Under frame per second up to 1000 frames/second, built-in rechargeable battery, built-in 8G very large memories, with gigabit network interface.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of earthquake simulation test method based on electrohydraulic servo system, and this method is using above-mentioned
Device carries out earthquake simulation test, comprises the following steps：
1st, the quantity of bearing guide rail support system is determined according to the weight of test model, it is minimum for 5, up to 9, according to upper
State requirement assembling experimental rig；
2nd, fundamental analysis is carried out to system, corresponding rectification building-out technology is implemented to system on the basis of analysis, to be expired
The dynamic quality of meaning.The exciting cross beam displacement that first displacement transducer is detected be converted into electric signal feed back to controller and and
Input signal is compared, to correct output valve；
3rd, according to required direction of excitation, model casing is adjusted to transversely or longitudinally and hung on shake table with crane, spiral shell is used
Bolt is fixed on level table；
4th, a speed feedback device is added in servo-control system 5, to increase the damping of system, the speed frequency of system is realized
Rate characteristic is flat in the range of 0.001~30Hz, so as to reach the purpose of reduction waveform distortion；
5th, high-speed motion picture camera is laid before test model, dynamic failure process is recorded, it can also be used to structural test and the testing of materials；
6th, second displacement sensor is arranged on model, and by the data wire and dynamic data acquiring instrument of second displacement sensor
Connection, the connection of dynamic data acquiring instrument is connected with computer；
7th, the seismic wave for inputting different acceleration magnitudes carries out experimental test.
In summary, bearing guide rail support system is connected on the basis of shake table by the present invention by bottom plate, level table
It is connected on cover plate, model casing is placed on level table, vibrator is installed on shear wall, driving member is connected to vibrator and water
Between flat surface；Start vibrator, vibrator produce power by driving member be transferred to level table it is backward under pass sequentially through lid
Plate, roller bearing and bottom plate are transferred on the basis of shake table, are passed up at model casing, you can the simulation of earthquake is realized, with peace
Fill convenient disassembly, the relatively low advantage of cost of manufacture.General institution of higher education and scientific research institutions only need to buy a set of electro-hydraulic servo
System can carry out shaketalle test and other geotechnical model casees are tested, can be with maximized multidisciplinary using existing equipment progress
Experiment.And bearing guide rail support system does not produce tilting moment to level table during reusing, due to using bearing
Operational mode is supported, makes the globality of whole system fine, bearing guide rail support system is reduced there is provided the supporting of uniform multi-region
Additional stress concentration, and horizontal displacement ability and maximum model weight all significantly improve.More valuable is：As that need to enter
One step increases level table displacement capacity and vertical bearing capacity, need to only increase in bearing guide rail support system the length of bearing and
The device upgrade of earthquake simulation shaking table overall performance can be completed by setting up bearing quantity.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of seismic simulation testing device based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：It includes shake table basis, shearing
Wall, bearing guide rail support system, vibrator, driving member, level table and model casing, if bearing guide rail support system includes the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches
Seat unit, each bearing element includes being provided with bottom plate, positioning framework and the cover plate being sequentially arranged from the bottom up, positioning framework
Roller bearing；Bearing guide rail support system is connected on the basis of shake table by bottom plate, and level table is connected on cover plate, and model casing is put
In on level table, vibrator is installed on shear wall, and driving member is connected between vibrator and level table；Start exciting
Device, the power that vibrator is produced by driving member be transferred to level table it is backward under pass sequentially through cover plate, roller bearing and bottom plate and be transferred to
On the basis of shake table, it is passed up at model casing, and by control system collection analysis data to realize the simulation of earthquake.
2. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 1 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：The bottom
Plate is character cut in bas-relief template；The cover plate is inverted U-shaped plate, and the bottom face of its two side extends internally, the bottom surface corner of cover plate with
Semi-circular recesses are provided with the interior joint face of side wall inwall, the bottom surface of cover plate is used for and the roller for the low outer high step surfaces of Inner
End face engaging；The positioning framework has multiple, is arranged in parallel between bottom plate and cover plate, and the side wall upper limb of each positioning framework is equal
It is outer to extend at cantilever, the upper outer rim of cantilever provided with diameter matches in the deep-slotted chip breaker of the arc surface；Roller bearing is installed on by bearing
Between adjacent two positioning framework.
3. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 2 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：The branch
Seat guide rail support system also includes the steel ball being arranged between the deep-slotted chip breaker and the semi-circular recesses.
4. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 2 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：The water
Flat surface, cover plate and model casing are equipped with screwed hole, and level table passes through bolt phase respectively with cover plate, level table and model casing
Even.
5. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 2 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：It is described to shake
Stylobate plinth is moved for floor, the foundation bolt for being connected with the bottom plate is provided with the basis of shake table.
6. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 2 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：It is described to pass
Moving part includes vibrator connecting plate and exciting cross bar, and exciting cross bar one end is connected with vibrator, the other end and vibrator connecting plate
It is connected, the opposite side of vibrator connecting plate is connected with the level table.
7. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 1 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：It is described to swash
Shake device median plane and level table in sustained height plane.
8. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 6 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：The control
System processed is Full Digitized Servo Control System, including controller, the first displacement transducer, second displacement sensor, dynamic data
Acquisition Instrument, computer and speed feedback device, the first displacement transducer are used for the displacement for detecting the exciting cross bar, and second displacement is passed
Sensor is arranged on model casing and is connected the data wire of second displacement sensor with dynamic data acquiring instrument, and dynamic data is adopted
The connection of collection instrument is connected with computer, and speed feedback device is arranged between first sensor and controller to increase system
Damping.
9. the seismic simulation testing device according to claim 8 based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：The present apparatus
Also include the high-speed motion picture camera to record dynamic failure process.
10. a kind of earthquake simulation test method based on electrohydraulic servo system, it is characterised in that：This method uses claim 9
Described device carries out earthquake simulation test, comprises the following steps：
（1）The quantity of bearing bearing element is determined according to the weight of test model, minimum is 5, up to 9, then will be each
Part assembling is integrated；
（2）Fundamental analysis is carried out to system, corresponding rectification building-out technology is implemented to system on the basis of analysis, to be expired
The dynamic quality of meaning, by the exciting cross beam displacement that the first displacement transducer is detected be converted into electric signal feed back to controller and and
Input signal is compared, to correct output valve；
（3）According to required direction of excitation, model casing is adjusted to transversely or longitudinally and hung on shake table with crane, spiral shell is used
Bolt is fixed on level table；
（4）Add a speed feedback device, to increase the damping of system, realize the speed in frequency characteristic of system 0.001~
It is flat in the range of 30Hz, so as to reach the purpose of reduction waveform distortion；
（5）High-speed motion picture camera is laid before test model, dynamic failure process is recorded；
（6）Second displacement sensor is arranged on model, and by the data wire and Dynamic Data Acquiring of second displacement sensor
Instrument is connected, and the connection of dynamic data acquiring instrument is connected with computer；
（7）The seismic wave for inputting different acceleration magnitudes carries out experimental test.
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| CN108982039A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-11 | 东南大学 | Bulk testing load counterforce device, real-time mixed test system and its test method |
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| CN109000898A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-12-14 | 湖北盛时杰精密机电有限公司 | It is a kind of for monitoring the method, device and equipment of auto parts and components test process |
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